Concentric circle template assembly and sluice crack control construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a concentric circle formwork assembly and a water gate crack control construction method, and belongs to the technical field of water gates. The concentric circle template assembly comprises an outer pipe body unit and an inner pipe body unit which are matched for use, the outer pipe body unit comprises a first pipe body and a sealing plate, and a positioning hole is formed in the center of the sealing plate; a first spring hose is wound on the outer wall of the first pipe body; the inner pipe body unit comprises a second pipe body, and the outer wall of the second pipe body is wound with a second spring hose. The construction method comprises the steps of construction preparation, foundation treatment, gate bottom plate construction, gate pier construction, hole cavity construction, inner pipe body unit installation, first stress absorption material filling, inner pipe body unit lifting, second stress absorption material filling and concentric circle type strain gradient structure construction. According to the invention, clear layering of the stress absorbing material can be ensured, and accurate formation of the strain gradient is ensured; the shear strength is improved through the meshing effect of the spiral grooves, interlayer slippage is effectively restrained, and the interface mechanical property and the engineering durability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of sluices, and particularly relates to a concentric circle template assembly and a construction method for controlling cracks in sluices. Background Art

[0002] A sluice includes pier and bottom slab, which is a large-volume concrete structure. Under the action of hydration heat, shrinkage deformation and external load, harmful cracks are easily generated due to internal stress concentration in the sluice, seriously affecting the durability and safety of the structure. Existing crack control technologies mainly include using medium-low heat cement or adopting the method of cooling water pipes. Using low heat or medium heat cement has the problems of high cost and uneconomy; the cooling water pipe method: by burying pipes to circulate cold water to reduce hydration heat, but the construction is complex and it is easy to cause local temperature gradient mutation.

[0003] The inventor found through relevant research that filling stress absorption materials in concrete can effectively control cracks in large-volume hydraulic concrete structures. However, setting a single material stress absorption layer, such as acrylic emulsion mortar or rubber aggregate mortar, can buffer part of the stress, but the single-layer material cannot adapt to the stress gradient distribution of "strong outer layer constraint and large inner layer deformation" inside the concrete, resulting in local stress concentration.

[0004] Therefore, the inventor found through research that after filling stress absorption materials with strain gradient, the crack control effect is more excellent. The inventor mentioned this in the previously applied patent (application publication number: CN120099912A, name: Concentric circle filling device and application method in crack control of large-volume concrete).

[0005] Through further research, it is found that after the device forms holes and fills stress absorption materials, flat interfaces are formed between the concrete and the stress absorption layer and between the stress absorption layers with gradient changes. There are new problems in this structural form as follows: First, the shear strength is low: the interface bears only by adhesion and small-range friction force, and the shear bearing capacity is low, and interlayer slip cracking is easy to occur.

[0006] Second, the crack control ability is poor: the crack propagation path is short and straight, lacking an effective crack resistance mechanism, resulting in the crack width being easily exceeded the specification limit.

[0007] In addition, the concentric circle filling device in the above technology also has two problems: First, it includes components such as an outer pipe body, an inner pipe body, an annular airbag, and an airbag ball, and has the problems of complex structure and difficult construction operation; Second, after the initial setting of the concrete, it is pulled out by lifting, and at the same time, it relies on the self-weight of the stress-absorbing material to fall into the hole cavity. It adopts the process of synchronous filling. If the lifting speed does not match the material filling speed, it may lead to incomplete filling of the hole cavity or stratification; in addition, if the material viscosity is too high or the particle gradation is unreasonable, it may lead to filling blockage or mixing of the inner and outer layer materials, and the expected strain gradient cannot be formed, affecting the stress absorption effect.

[0008] In summary, the inventor believes that the above technology still has disadvantages such as weak interfacial mechanical properties, insufficient durability, poor construction controllability, complex structure, high coordination requirements for synchronous filling of double materials, and difficult construction. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one technical problem existing in the background technology, and for this reason, a concentric circle template assembly and a construction method for controlling sluice cracks are proposed.

[0010] The technical solution is as follows: A concentric circle template assembly includes an outer pipe body unit and an inner pipe body unit used in cooperation. The outer pipe body unit includes a first pipe body and a first spring hose. The bottom end of the first pipe body has a sealing plate, and a positioning hole recessed toward the top end of the first pipe body is provided at the center of the sealing plate. After concrete pouring, a positioning boss is formed at the positioning hole; the outer wall of the first pipe body is wound with the first spring hose in a spiral pattern; the inner pipe body unit includes a second pipe body and a second spring hose, and the second pipe body can be sleeved in the first pipe body; the bottom end of the second pipe body is open, and the bottom end of the second pipe body can be positioned and inserted into the positioning boss; the outer wall of the second pipe body is wound with the second spring hose in a spiral pattern.

[0011] Preferably, the positioning hole is conical.

[0012] Preferably, the materials of the first pipe body and the second pipe body are PVC pipes or steel pipes.

[0013] Preferably, the first spring hose and / or the second spring hose are filled with gas or liquid inside.

[0014] Preferably, inner support devices are respectively provided inside the first pipe body and the second pipe body.

[0015] Preferably, the inner support device is an inflatable / deflatable airbag.

[0016] Preferably, the top of the first spring hose is detachably connected to the outer wall of the first pipe body, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first pipe body; the top of the second spring hose is detachably connected to the outer wall of the second pipe body, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second pipe body.

[0017] The present invention also provides a construction method for controlling the cracks of the sluice. By using a concentric circle formwork assembly, the method comprises the following steps: S1: Construction preparation; S2: Foundation treatment; S3: Construction of the sluice floor; S4: Construction of the sluice piers: S41: Construction layout; S42: Binding and installation of the pier body steel bars; S43: Erect the pier body formwork above the sluice floor; S44: Install the outer tube body unit in the concentric circle formwork assembly at the designed position, and apply a release agent on the surface of the outer tube body unit; S45: Pour the concrete, vibrate and cure it to construct the sluice piers; S5: Construct the hole cavity: After the concrete of the sluice piers starts to set, lift the outer tube body unit upwards. After pulling out, a hole cavity with a first spiral groove is formed; S6: Coaxially position and install the inner tube body unit in the concentric circle formwork assembly inside the hole cavity; S7: Fill the area between the inner tube body unit and the inner wall of the hole cavity with a first stress absorption material. After filling, a bite-type interface is formed between the first stress absorption material and the concrete; S8: After the first stress absorption material starts to set, lift the inner tube body unit upwards. After pulling out, a central hole with a second spiral groove is formed; S9: Fill the central hole with a second stress absorption material. After filling, a bite-type interface is formed between the second stress absorption material and the first stress absorption material; meanwhile, a concentric circle type strain gradient structure is constructed in the hole cavity.

[0018] Preferably, the method for pulling out the outer tube body unit in S5 is as follows: Disconnect the top of the first spring hose from the first tube body, and lift the first tube body. The first tube body can slide relatively, and the first tube body can also slide relative to the first spring hose; since the bottom end of the first spring hose is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first tube body, as the first tube body moves upwards, the first tube body simultaneously pulls the first spring hose to move, and pulls the first spring hose out of the concrete; As the first tube body continues to move upwards, the first spring hose continuously separates from the concrete. After separation, a spiral groove is formed; when the first tube body is completely pulled out, the hole cavity is completed.

[0019] Preferably, after the first tube body is demolded, a positioning boss is formed at the bottom of the hole cavity. Insert the bottom end of the second tube body into the hole cavity and plug it and fix it with the positioning boss to perform forced centering and limiting at the bottom of the hole cavity; subsequently, fix the top of the second tube body to form top limiting to ensure the coaxiality of the second tube body and the hole cavity.

[0020] The above technical solution has the following advantages: 1. The concentric circle template component designed in the present invention forms spiral grooves after pipe extraction, enabling an interlocking interface to be formed between the stress-absorbing material and concrete, as well as between different stress-absorbing layers. The spiral grooves increase the interface roughness, and significantly enhance the shear strength through mechanical interlocking. Compared with a flat interface that only relies on adhesion and a small range of frictional force, it can effectively inhibit interlayer slip cracking and effectively improve the interface mechanical properties. In addition, the designed concentric circle template component abandons complex components such as airbags and airbag balls in the prior art, and adopts a modular design of PVC pipe / steel pipe + spring hose, which has a simple structure, low cost, and is convenient for manufacturing, and is also convenient for on-site installation and disassembly. The adjustable pitch design of the spring hose can also adapt to different stress environments and optimize the strain gradient distribution.

[0021] 2. The spiral grooves cause the crack propagation to extend along a spiral path, increasing the crack propagation resistance and extending the propagation path. In combination with the strain gradient stress-absorbing material, it can more effectively disperse stress, effectively reduce the crack width, and enhance the structural durability.

[0022] 3. The present invention adopts a process of phased pipe extraction and filling to ensure that the stress-absorbing material has clear layers and high density, avoiding mixing or uneven filling, and ensuring the precise formation of the strain gradient.

[0023] 4. The inner pipe body unit and the outer pipe body unit in the concentric circle template component are used in combination. Using the positioning boss as a prefabricated physical reference, the second pipe body can be quickly positioned by direct plugging, eliminating the complex steps of "measurement and alignment → temporary fixation → review and adjustment" in the traditional process, ensuring the coaxiality and installation accuracy of the inner pipe body unit and the outer pipe body unit, so as not to affect the uniformity of the strain gradient and reduce the crack control effect. In addition, the plugging structure between the positioning boss and the bottom end of the second pipe body forms a mechanical lock, which can resist external disturbances such as concrete vibration force and pipe extraction tension, preventing displacement and eccentricity. Description of the Drawings

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the outer pipe body unit in the concentric circle template component.

[0026] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a structural cross-sectional view of the outer pipe body unit in

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the inner tube body unit in the concentric circle template component.

[0028] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a structural sectional view of the inner tube body unit.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of a sluice with a strain gradient structure.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a top view of a pier with a strain gradient structure.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a partial enlarged sectional view of the strain gradient structure with spiral grooves along the H-H direction.

[0032] Figure 8 It is a process flow chart of the construction method of the present invention.

[0033] Wherein: 1. Sluice floor; 2. Pier; 3. Strain gradient structure; 4. First pipe body; 5. First spring hose; 6. Sealing plate; 7. Positioning hole; 8. Second pipe body; 9. Second spring hose; 10. Partition; 31. First stress absorption layer; 32. Second stress absorption layer. Specific embodiments

[0034] Hereinafter, embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, so they are only examples and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1: As Figure 1 - Figure 4 shown, this embodiment proposes a concentric circle template component, which includes a cooperating outer tube body unit and an inner tube body unit, wherein: The outer tube body unit includes a first pipe body 4 and a first spring hose 5. The bottom end of the first pipe body 4 has a sealing plate 6, and the center of the sealing plate 6 has a positioning hole 7 that is recessed towards the top end of the first pipe body 4. After concrete pouring, a positioning boss is formed at the positioning hole 7; the axis of the positioning hole 7 must coincide with the axis of the first pipe body 4. After demolding, the positioning hole 7 is filled with concrete to form a positioning boss as a precast physical reference; the outer wall of the first pipe body 4 is wound with a first spring hose 5 in a spiral pattern.

[0036] The inner tube body unit includes a second tube body 8 and a second spring hose 9. The second tube body 8 can be sleeved in the first tube body 4. The diameter of the second tube body 8 is smaller than that of the first tube body 4, and an annular area is formed between them as the filling area for the stress-absorbing material. The bottom end of the second tube body 8 is open, and the bottom end of the second tube body 8 can be positioned and inserted into the positioning boss. The outer wall of the second tube body 8 is wound with a second spring hose 9 in a spiral pattern.

[0037] In this embodiment, the positioning hole 7 is cylindrical or conical, preferably conical. The positioning boss is a tenon structure formed by the positioning hole 7 of the bottom plate 6 of the outer tube body unit after concrete pouring. Its core function is to provide a physical positioning reference for the inner tube body unit to ensure the coaxiality and installation accuracy of the inner and outer tube body units. If the second tube body 8 is not coaxial with the cavity formed by the outer tube body unit during installation, it will cause the thickness of the subsequently filled stress-absorbing material to be uneven, affecting the uniformity of the strain gradient and reducing the crack control effect.

[0038] The positioning boss plays a positioning role. The bottom end of the second tube body 8 is open and can be directly inserted and matched with the positioning boss, and the axis of the second tube body 8 is forced to coincide with the axis of the cavity through mechanical limit. The positioning boss is used as a prefabricated physical reference, and the second tube body 8 can be quickly positioned by direct insertion, eliminating the complex steps of "measurement and alignment → temporary fixation → review and adjustment" in the traditional process. This "mortise and tenon" positioning does not require additional measurement or adjustment, significantly improving the coaxiality accuracy and avoiding uneven stress distribution caused by eccentricity. For example, when installing the inner tube body after the concrete in the pier 2 has initially set and formed a cavity, the worker only needs to align the bottom end of the second tube body 8 with the boss and insert it to achieve automatic centering, greatly shortening the installation time.

[0039] In this embodiment, the materials of the first tube body 4 and the second tube body 8 are PVC pipes or steel pipes. PVC pipes are light in weight, convenient for on-site handling, cutting and installation, especially suitable for formwork erection at high altitudes or in complex parts, which can reduce labor costs and construction difficulties. Steel pipes have extremely high stiffness and compressive strength, and can effectively resist the lateral pressure of liquid concrete during the concrete pouring process, avoiding the deformation or collapse of the tube body and ensuring the accuracy of the cavity shape. In engineering, the material of the tube body can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0040] In this embodiment, the top of the first spring hose 5 is detachably connected to the outer wall of the first tube body 4, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first tube body 4; the top of the second spring hose 9 is detachably connected to the outer wall of the second tube body 8, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second tube body 8. The purpose of this setting is to facilitate demoulding.

[0041] In this embodiment, the pitch of both the first spring hose 5 and the second spring hose 9 can be adjusted. The purpose of this setting is to be able to adapt to different stress environments and optimize the strain gradient distribution.

[0042] This design can flexibly adjust the stress absorption capacity according to the actual project conditions. The pitch directly affects the density of the spiral groove and the roughness of the bite interface. By adjusting the pitch, the bite strength of the stress absorption material and concrete can be accurately controlled according to the stress level of different project parts (high stress area and low stress area of pier 2).

[0043] In high stress areas: use a small pitch and increase the density of the spiral grooves to form a denser mechanical bite between the stress absorbing material and the concrete, thereby improving the shear strength and effectively inhibiting the expansion of cracks.

[0044] In low stress areas: use a large pitch and reduce spiral groove density, thereby reducing material usage and construction costs while ensuring basic interface performance.

[0045] Embodiment 2: like Figures 5 - 8 As shown, the present invention also proposes a water gate crack control construction method, which uses the concentric circle template assembly in Example 1 and includes the following steps: S1: Construction preparation: prepare construction plan, determine construction materials and equipment, personnel training, etc.

[0046] S2: Foundation treatment: Before the construction of the gate bottom plate 1 and the gate pier 2, the foundation needs to be treated to ensure the bearing capacity and stability of the foundation.

[0047] S3: Construction of gate bottom plate 1: binding and installation of bottom plate reinforcement - erection of bottom plate formwork - concrete pouring - shaping of gate bottom plate 1. The main steps included in S3 are S31--S34, as follows: S31. Bottom plate reinforcement binding: Bind the reinforcement according to the design drawings to ensure that the reinforcement spacing, anchorage length, etc. meet the specifications.

[0048] S32, Support gate bottom plate 1 formwork: Select appropriate formwork, install the formwork support system according to the requirements of the design drawings, and ensure the stability of the formwork.

[0049] S33. Concrete pouring: Use layered pouring method and pay attention to vibrating and compacting during the pouring process.

[0050] S34. Concrete curing: After pouring, concrete curing is carried out in time to ensure the concrete strength, and finally the mold is removed to obtain the formed gate bottom plate 1.

[0051] S4: Pier 2 construction: S41: Construction layout; S42: Pier reinforcement binding and installation; S43: erecting a pier body formwork above the gate bottom plate 1; S44: installing the outer tube unit in the concentric circle template assembly at the designed position, and applying a release agent on the surface of the outer tube unit; In this step, a special positioning fixture is used to ensure that the outer tube unit is vertical. For example, a straight or cross-shaped slot is opened at the bottom of the first tube body 4. The special positioning fixture includes a bottom positioning piece and a top positioning piece. The bottom positioning piece is welded with steel bars to form a straight or cross-shaped support structure. The bottom support piece is welded and fixed to the pier body steel bars of the gate pier 2. The top positioning piece can adopt an adjustable support locking structure, such as a cross brace with a threaded stud on the cross brace. When in use, the cross brace is temporarily tied and fixed to the pier body steel bars. The stud is arranged directly above the first tube body 4, and a pad is placed on the top of the first tube body 4. The pad has a column head that engages with the first tube body 4. When in use, the stud is screwed and the pad is pressed down to achieve pressure and positioning of the first tube body 4 to prevent displacement during pouring.

[0052] S45: Pour concrete, vibrate and maintain to construct pier 2; optimize the mix ratio of concrete --- pour in layers --- maintain moisture retention.

[0053] S5: Constructing the cavity: After the initial setting of the concrete of the pier 2, the outer tube unit is pulled out to form a hole cavity with a first spiral groove. In this embodiment, when pulling out the tube, the positioning piece on the top is first removed to release the limit. Mechanical equipment is used to pull out the tube at a uniform speed.

[0054] S6: Install the inner tube unit in the concentric circle template assembly coaxially in the hole cavity; during installation, ensure that the inner tube unit is coaxial with the hole cavity.

[0055] S7: The first stress absorbing material is filled in the area between the inner tube unit and the inner wall of the cavity, and a bite-type interface is formed between the first stress absorbing material and the concrete after filling; when filling, a special pressure pouring equipment is used to pour from the bottom to the top in layers, and the first stress absorbing material forms a first stress absorbing layer 31 after solidification.

[0056] S8: After the first stress absorbing material is initially solidified, the inner tube unit is pulled out to form a central hole with a second spiral groove.

[0057] S9: Fill the central hole with a second stress absorbing material, and after filling, a bite-type interface is formed between the second stress absorbing material and the first stress absorbing material; after the second stress absorbing material solidifies, a second stress absorbing layer 32 is formed. At this time, a concentric circle strain gradient structure 3 is constructed in the hole cavity.

[0058] In this embodiment, the first stress absorbing material and the second stress absorbing material can be selected from the following materials: rubber concrete, acrylic concrete, acrylic rubber concrete, rubber mortar, acrylic mortar, acrylic rubber mortar, etc.

[0059] In this embodiment, the strain of the first stress absorption material is less than that of the second stress absorption material, that is, the strain of the outer layer is small and the strain of the inner layer is large. In this way, a certain strain gradient is formed, which is beneficial to avoiding stress concentration at the interface between the strain absorption material and the surrounding concrete, and at the same time improving the integrity of the structure.

[0060] In the above process: The specific method of pulling out the outer tube body unit in S5 is as follows: When pulling out the tube, first remove the positioning member at the top to release the limit; Detach and separate the top of the first spring hose 5 from the first tube body 4, and lift the first tube body 4. The first tube body 4 can slide relatively, and the first tube body 4 can also slide relative to the first spring hose 5; Since the bottom end of the first spring hose 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first tube body 4, as the first tube body 4 moves upward, the first tube body 4 simultaneously pulls the first spring hose 5 to move, and pulls the first spring hose 5 out of the concrete; As the first tube body 4 continues to move upward, the first spring hose 5 is continuously separated from the concrete, and a spiral channel is formed after separation; When the first tube body 4 is completely pulled out, the hole cavity is formed.

[0061] It should be noted that the tube pulling process of the inner tube body unit in S8 also adopts the above-mentioned tube pulling method of the outer tube body unit.

[0062] In the above tube pulling process, the synchronous tube pulling method is adopted. Taking the first tube body 4 as an example, through the cooperation mechanism of the first tube body 4 driving the first spring hose 5, there is no need to disassemble the first tube body 4 and the first spring hose 5 in stages. By lifting the first tube body 4, the first spring hose 5 can be driven to be pulled out synchronously, reducing the time cost of step-by-step operation, shortening the overall construction period, and improving the construction coherence.

[0063] The pulling direction of the first spring hose 5 is from the bottom to the top. When starting to pull out from the bottom, the bottom end of the first spring hose 5 is fixed to the tube body, and the pulling force is evenly transmitted upward from the bottom during the lifting process, so that the hose gradually detaches from the concrete along the spiral track. This method can avoid the distortion and deformation of the channel caused by the chaotic pulling order, and ensure the forming quality of the spiral channel. If pulling out from the top first, the concrete at the bottom may lose support due to the early cavity of the upper channel, especially prone to collapse when the concrete is not completely solidified. When pulling out from the bottom to the top, the possibility of local cavity or collapse can be reduced.

[0064] The extraction starts from the bottom. The bottom end of the first spring hose 5 is fixed, and when lifted, the pulling force is evenly transmitted along the axis. If extracted from the top, the bonding force between the bottom concrete and the first spring hose 5 may be released concentratedly, resulting in a sudden change in local stress and easily causing the channel to break. The order from the bottom to the top can make the first spring hose 5 gradually separate from the concrete, reduce the peak value of the instantaneous pulling force, and maintain the integrity of the channel. When the concrete begins to set, extracting from the bottom first can make the concrete around the channel release the restraint in the order from bottom to top. The extraction order from the bottom to the top is less sensitive to the construction speed. Even if the extraction speed fluctuates slightly, due to the uniform transmission of the pulling force, the morphological change of the spiral groove is relatively gentle, and the construction operation has a high fault tolerance.

[0065] The specific method for installing the second pipe body 8 in S6 is as follows: After the first pipe body 4 is demolded, a positioning boss is formed at the bottom of the hole cavity. The bottom end of the second pipe body 8 is inserted into the hole cavity and plugged and fixed with the positioning boss, and forced centering and limiting are carried out at the bottom of the hole cavity; subsequently, the top of the second pipe body 8 is fixed to form top limiting to ensure the coaxiality of the second pipe body 8 and the hole cavity. Using the positioning boss as a prefabricated physical reference, the second pipe body 8 can be quickly positioned by direct plugging, eliminating the complex steps of "measurement and alignment → temporary fixation → recheck and adjustment" in the traditional process, ensuring the coaxiality and installation accuracy of the inner pipe body unit and the outer pipe body unit, so as not to affect the uniformity of the strain gradient and reduce the crack control effect. In addition, the plugging structure between the positioning boss and the bottom end of the second pipe body 8 forms a mechanical lock, which can resist external disturbances such as concrete vibration force and pipe pulling force, and prevent displacement and eccentricity.

[0066] As a feasible embodiment, a sealing ring can be arranged on the inner wall of the second pipe body 8, and the sealing plugging with the positioning boss is realized by using the sealing ring to prevent the slurry from entering the inside of the second pipe body 8.

[0067] As another feasible embodiment, a partition 10 can also be arranged at a position near the bottom of the second pipe body 8 to achieve blocking. Even if the sealing is not very good and a small amount of slurry enters the bottom of the second pipe body 8, it will not cause difficulty in demolding.

[0068] Application effect: 1. The concentric circle template assembly designed by the present invention forms spiral grooves after the pipe is pulled out, enabling a bite-type interface to be formed between the stress-absorbing material and the concrete and between different stress-absorbing layers. The spiral grooves increase the interface roughness, and significantly improve the shear strength through mechanical biting action. Compared with a straight interface that only relies on adhesion and a small range of friction, it can effectively inhibit interlayer slip cracking and effectively improve the interface mechanical properties. In addition, the designed concentric circle template assembly abandons complex components such as air bags and air bag balls in the prior art, adopts a modular design of PVC / steel pipe + spring hose, has a simple structure, low cost, is convenient to manufacture, and is convenient for on-site installation and disassembly.

[0069] 2. The spiral grooves cause the cracks to extend along a spiral path, increasing the crack propagation resistance, lengthening the propagation path. When combined with the strain gradient stress absorption material, it can more effectively disperse stress, effectively reduce the crack width, and enhance the structural durability.

[0070] 3. The present invention adopts the process of phased pipe extraction and filling to ensure that the stress absorption material has clear layers and high density, avoiding mixing or uneven filling, and ensuring the precise formation of the strain gradient.

[0071] In addition, in this embodiment, a gradient design of "small strain in the outer layer and large strain in the inner layer" is adopted. During collaborative design, a small pitch can be used for the outer layer, i.e., the cavity wall, to enhance the bite, and a larger pitch can be used for the inner layer, i.e., the central hole, to optimize stress release; the design of pitch controllability can strengthen the strain gradient effect, more precisely guide the stress to disperse along the spiral path, and avoid interfacial stress concentration.

[0072] Specifically, in this embodiment, a bite-type interface is formed between the two stress absorption layers by means of spiral groove fitting. The specific advantages of this design are as follows: The sluice structure is prone to shear stress under loads such as water pressure and temperature changes. The spiral groove interface can effectively inhibit the interfacial cracking between the two stress absorption materials and enhance the structural integrity. The sluice is long-term affected by actions such as water flow impact and freeze-thaw cycles, and the risk of crack propagation is high. The spiral groove interface can effectively reduce the crack width and extend the service life of the structure. This is because: if the crack wants to penetrate the interface, it needs to extend along the three-dimensional curve of the spiral groove. Compared with the straight-line extension of the flat interface, the path length significantly increases, and every time it passes through a spiral protrusion, the crack needs to overcome more resistance, thereby delaying the crack development speed.

[0073] The outer stress absorption material has a small strain (high stiffness), and the inner layer has a large strain (low stiffness). The spiral groove interface can make the stress transfer in a "gradient" from the outer layer to the inner layer - when the outer layer is in tension, the protruding part of the spiral groove will disperse the stress in multiple directions to the inner layer, avoiding stress overload at a certain point of the interface. The traditional flat interface is prone to stress concentration at the mutation of material properties, while the spiral groove optimizes the geometric shape to convert the concentrated stress into distributed stress, which fits the gradient design goal of "small strain in the outer layer and large strain in the inner layer", and realizes the coupling effect of the strain gradient and the spiral groove.

[0074] Embodiment 3: On the basis of any of the above embodiments, the first spring hose 5 and / or the second spring hose 9 is filled with gas or liquid inside. Using gas or liquid to increase the radial stiffness and enhance the anti-deformation ability of the spring hose can significantly improve the mechanical properties and construction reliability of the formwork, and at the same time optimize the concrete interface quality and stress release path.

[0075] During concrete pouring, the spring hose may be flattened or deformed, resulting in unclear formation of the spiral groove. To address this issue, in this embodiment, by filling the spring hose with gas or liquid, the stiffness and strength of the spring hose can be effectively enhanced.

[0076] In the state where the spring hose is not inflated, there is likely to be a gap between the spring hose and the pipe body, and they cannot fit tightly. Concrete may seep into the gap, increasing the difficulty of extraction and affecting the surface quality of the duct. After the spring hose is filled with gas or liquid and expands, it closely adheres to the surface of the pipe body, eliminating the gap and forming a rigid spiral support layer. During concrete pouring, the internal pressure resists the external lateral pressure during pouring, preventing the hose from undergoing radial contraction or spiral shape distortion due to pressure.

[0077] In addition, after filling with gas or liquid medium, the spring hose can maintain its shape during the demolding process, preventing the edges of the spiral groove from cracking, which is conducive to ensuring the hole-forming quality.

[0078] In this embodiment, the liquid can be water or hydraulic oil. Utilizing the incompressibility of the liquid, the external pressure is evenly dispersed to the entire inner wall of the spring hose. During the vibration of concrete, it can also effectively resist the impact of the vibrating rod.

[0079] Embodiment 4: Based on any of the above embodiments, an internal support device is respectively provided inside the first pipe body 4 and inside the second pipe body 8. The internal support device is an inflatable / deflatable airbag. The airbag can be made of high-strength fiber-reinforced rubber.

[0080] To address the problem that the PVC pipe may be squeezed and broken during pouring, the use of the internal support device can effectively improve the ability of the PVC pipe to resist deformation, reduce the deformation and damage of the PVC pipe during construction, and improve the reuse rate of the formwork.

[0081] In this embodiment, the airbag includes at least 3 independent air chambers, and the inflation pressure of each air chamber is controlled by an electromagnetic valve, which is convenient for operation.

[0082] It should be noted that many components mentioned in the present invention are common standard components or components known to those skilled in the art, and their structures and principles can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or through conventional experimental methods.

[0083] Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Concentric circle template component, characterized in that, It includes an outer tube unit and an inner tube unit used in cooperation. The outer tube unit includes a first tube body (4) and a first spring hose (5). The bottom end of the first tube body (4) has a sealing plate (6). The center of the sealing plate (6) has a positioning hole (7) that is recessed towards the top end of the first tube body (4). After concrete pouring, a positioning boss is formed at the positioning hole (7). The outer wall of the first tube body (4) is wound with the first spring hose (5) in a spiral pattern. The inner tube unit includes a second tube body (8) and a second spring hose (9). The second tube body (8) can be sleeved in the first tube body (4). The bottom end of the second tube body (8) is open, and the bottom end of the second tube body (8) can be positioned and inserted into the positioning boss. The outer wall of the second tube body (8) is wound with the second spring hose (9) in a spiral pattern.

2. The concentric circle template component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning hole (7) is conical.

3. The concentric circle template component according to claim 1, wherein The materials of the first tube body (4) and the second tube body (8) are PVC pipes or steel pipes.

4. The concentric circle template component according to claim 1, characterized in that The inside of the first spring hose (5) and / or the second spring hose (9) is filled with gas or liquid.

5. The concentric circle template component according to claim 1, characterized in that, Inner support devices are respectively provided inside the first tube body (4) and inside the second tube body (8).

6. The concentric circle template component according to claim 5, characterized in that The inner support device is an inflatable / deflatable airbag.

7. The concentric circle template component according to claim 1, wherein The top of the first spring hose (5) is detachably connected to the outer wall of the first tube body (4), and the bottom is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first tube body (4). The top of the second spring hose (9) is detachably connected to the outer wall of the second tube body (8), and the bottom is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second tube body (8).

8. Construction method for crack control of sluice, characterized in that Adopting the concentric circle template assembly according to any one of claims 1-7, it includes the following steps: S1: Construction preparation; S2: Foundation treatment; S3: Construction of the sluice floor (1); S4: Construction of the sluice pier (2): S41: Construction layout; S42: Binding and installation of pier body steel bars; S43: Erection of pier body formwork above the sluice floor (1); S44: Install the outer tube unit in the concentric circle template assembly at the design position, and apply a release agent to the surface of the outer tube unit; S45: Pour concrete, vibrate and cure to construct the sluice pier (2); S5: Construct a hole cavity: After the concrete of the sluice pier (2) starts to set, lift the outer tube unit to extract the tube, and a hole cavity with a first spiral groove is formed after extraction; S6: Coaxially position and install the inner tube unit in the concentric circle template assembly inside the hole cavity; S7: Fill the area between the inner tube unit and the inner wall of the hole cavity with a first stress absorption material. After filling, a bite-type interface is formed between the first stress absorption material and the concrete; S8: After the first stress absorption material starts to set, lift the inner tube unit to extract the tube, and a central hole with a second spiral groove is formed after extraction; S9: Fill the central hole with a second stress absorption material. After filling, a bite-type interface is formed between the second stress absorption material and the first stress absorption material. At the same time, a concentric circle type strain gradient structure (3) is constructed in the hole cavity.

9. The construction method for controlling the cracks of the sluice according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method for extracting the tube of the outer tube unit in S5 is: Detach and separate the top of the first spring hose (5) from the first pipe body (4). Lift the first pipe body (4) upward. The first pipe body (4) can slide relatively, and the first pipe body (4) can also slide relative to the first spring hose (5). Since the bottom end of the first spring hose (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first pipe body (4), as the first pipe body (4) moves upward, the first pipe body (4) simultaneously pulls the first spring hose (5) to move, and pulls the first spring hose (5) out of the concrete. As the first pipe body (4) continues to move upward, the first spring hose (5) continuously separates from the concrete, and a spiral channel is formed after separation. When the first pipe body (4) is completely pulled out, the hole cavity is formed.

10. The construction method for controlling the cracks of the sluice according to claim 8, characterized in that, The installation method of the inner pipe body unit in S6 is as follows: After the first pipe body (4) is demolded, a positioning boss is formed at the bottom of the hole cavity. Insert the bottom end of the second pipe body (8) into the hole cavity and plug and fix it with the positioning boss, and perform forced centering and limiting at the bottom of the hole cavity. Subsequently, fix the top of the second pipe body (8) to form top limiting to ensure the coaxiality of the second pipe body (8) and the hole cavity.

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