Explosion-proof tank with energy absorption buffer structure

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-explosion tank with an energy absorption buffer structure, and belongs to the technical field of anti-explosion tanks. An anti-explosion tank with an energy absorption buffer structure comprises an anti-explosion outer cylinder, a buffer layer is fixedly connected in the anti-explosion outer cylinder, an anti-explosion inner cylinder is rotatably connected in the buffer layer, and buffer assemblies are movably installed on the anti-explosion outer cylinder and the anti-explosion inner cylinder. Explosion energy is consumed through rotation of the explosion-proof inner cylinder, the explosion-proof inner cylinder can consume the explosion energy through large friction force through mutual friction of an energy dissipation plate and a brake pad, rotation of the energy dissipation plate can drive a reciprocating block to continuously extrude a diaphragm pipe, negative pressure is generated in the diaphragm pipe, and the energy dissipation plate and the brake pad are separated from each other. The cooling lubricating liquid can be conveniently introduced into the position between the anti-explosion inner barrel and the buffer layer through the diaphragm pipe, cooling is carried out, the buffer layer is prevented from being damaged, therefore, energy in explosion can be better absorbed and buffered, and the requirements of the anti-explosion outer barrel, the anti-explosion inner barrel and the buffer layer for the material strength are lowered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of explosion-proof tanks, and more specifically, to an explosion-proof tank with an energy-absorbing and buffering structure. Background Art

[0002] As a key device for preventing and reducing the harm of explosive items, explosion-proof tanks can be divided into barrel-shaped (explosion-proof barrels) and spherical (explosion-proof balls) according to their shapes. They are usually made of high-strength and impact-resistant carbon steel plates and are equipped with special internal structures and energy-absorbing materials.

[0003] An explosion-proof tank with an energy-absorbing and buffering structure disclosed in Chinese Patent CN215003263U is composed of an inner tank and an outer tank spliced together to form a complete explosion-proof tank body. The inner tank is sleeved inside the outer tank, and an energy-absorbing and buffering layer made of a polymer energy-absorbing material, polyethylene fiber, is provided between the side walls of the two. A cross-shaped reinforcing rib is provided at the bottom of the inner tank, and a placement cavity is formed with the bottom wall of the outer tank, in which multiple groups of compressive components are arranged. This technical solution effectively resists explosion shock waves and fragments through the combination of the inner tank, the energy-absorbing and buffering layer, and the outer tank. It is not only light in weight and convenient to transfer, but also has strong explosion resistance. The energy-absorbing and buffering layer can provide energy absorption and buffering for the inner tank wall, significantly reducing the impact force and improving the protection performance of the explosion-proof tank body.

[0004] However, the existing explosion-proof tank body mainly relies on the steel strength of the inner tank and the outer tank in a static state, as well as the energy-absorbing materials between the outer tank and the inner tank to withstand the high pressure and impact force generated by the explosion. The outer tank and the inner tank cannot consume the explosion energy through movement, which leads to extremely high performance requirements for the steel and energy-absorbing materials. In view of this, the present invention proposes a new explosion-proof tank with an energy-absorbing and buffering structure, hoping to make the explosion-proof tank more efficiently consume and absorb the explosion energy through innovative design, thereby reducing the performance requirements for the steel and energy-absorbing materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an explosion-proof tank with an energy-absorbing and buffering structure to solve the problems raised in the above background art:

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] An explosion-proof tank with an energy-absorbing and buffering structure includes an explosion-proof outer cylinder, a buffer layer fixedly connected inside the explosion-proof outer cylinder, an explosion-proof inner cylinder rotatably connected inside the buffer layer, and a buffer component movably installed on the explosion-proof outer cylinder and the explosion-proof inner cylinder. The buffer component includes a rotating rod, an energy dissipation chamber, a cooling chamber, rib plates, energy dissipation plates, a back plate, brake pads, reciprocating blocks, and diaphragm tubes;

[0008] The rotating rod is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the explosion-proof inner cylinder, and the rotating rod penetrates into the energy dissipation chamber. The energy dissipation chamber is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the explosion-proof outer cylinder. The cooling chamber is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the energy dissipation chamber. The rib plates are circularly arrayed on the inner wall of the explosion-proof inner cylinder. The energy dissipation plate is fixedly connected to the rotating rod, and the energy dissipation plate is located in the energy dissipation chamber. The back plate is movably installed below the energy dissipation plate. The brake pads are fixedly connected to the back plate. The reciprocating block is fixedly connected to the edge of the energy dissipation plate. The diaphragm tube is fixedly connected to the outer side of the explosion-proof outer cylinder.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solutions, the airflow during an explosion pushes the explosion-proof inner cylinder to rotate, and part of the energy is consumed through the rotation of the explosion-proof inner cylinder. The energy dissipation plate increases the friction force through mutual friction with the brake pads, so that when the explosion-proof inner cylinder rotates, more energy can be consumed. At the same time, the reciprocating block continuously squeezes the diaphragm tube, thereby introducing the cooling lubricant into the position between the explosion-proof inner cylinder and the buffer layer to cool and lubricate the buffer layer, avoiding the buffer layer from heating up violently under the conditions of explosion and friction and causing damage to the buffer layer.

[0010] Preferably, the buffer assembly further includes a lead-out port and a first bearing. The lead-out port is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the explosion-proof outer cylinder. The first bearing is fixedly connected in the lead-out port. The rotating rod penetrates the buffer layer, and the rotating rod is rotatably connected in the first bearing.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solutions, the bottom of the explosion-proof outer cylinder is reinforced by thickening, and the rotating rod is led out downward through the lead-out port.

[0012] Preferably, the buffer assembly further includes a second bearing. The second bearing is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the energy dissipation chamber. The lower end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected in the second bearing.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solutions, the second bearing rotatably connects the lower end of the rotating rod, making the connection between the rotating rod and the energy dissipation chamber stable.

[0014] Preferably, the buffer assembly further includes a bearing chamber and a third bearing. The bearing chamber is opened at the upper position of the explosion-proof outer cylinder. The third bearing is located in the bearing chamber. The explosion-proof outer cylinder is rotatably connected to the explosion-proof inner cylinder through the third bearing. The third bearing is located above the buffer layer.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solutions, the explosion-proof inner cylinder is conveniently rotatably connected inside the explosion-proof outer cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, the buffer assembly further includes a sealing plate. The sealing plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the explosion-proof outer cylinder, and the sealing plate is located above the third bearing.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the sealing plate encapsulates the No. 3 bearing, making it convenient to hide the No. 3 bearing in the lower position.

[0018] Preferably, the buffer assembly further includes a mounting groove opened on the back plate, the brake pad is fixedly connected in the mounting groove of the back plate, a sliding hole is provided at the center of the back plate, the back plate is slidably connected to the rotating rod, and the brake pad frictions with the energy dissipation plate.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the brake pad frictions with the energy dissipation plate, making it convenient for the energy dissipation plate to consume the energy during the explosion of the explosion-proof inner cylinder with greater frictional force.

[0020] Preferably, the buffer assembly further includes a spring located in the energy dissipation chamber, and the spring is sleeved on the rotating rod, and the spring is located below the energy dissipation plate.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the spring pushes the energy dissipation plate upward, making it convenient for the energy dissipation plate to contact with the brake pad.

[0022] Preferably, the buffer assembly further includes a lead-out pipe fixedly connected to the outer side of the explosion-proof outer cylinder, the upper end of the lead-out pipe extends into the explosion-proof outer cylinder and is located above the buffer layer, and the lower end of the lead-out pipe communicates with the energy dissipation chamber.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the lead-out pipe is used to guide the diaphragm pipe on the side.

[0024] Preferably, the buffer assembly further includes a guiding pipe and a limiting groove. The guiding pipe is fixedly connected in the energy dissipation chamber, the diaphragm pipe is movably installed in the lead-out pipe, the upper end of the diaphragm pipe extends into the position above the buffer layer through the lead-out pipe, the lower end of the diaphragm pipe extends into the bottom position of the cooling chamber through the guiding pipe, and the limiting groove is opened on the back plate and is slidably connected to the guiding pipe.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the guiding pipe is in the energy dissipation chamber and communicates with the cooling chamber, and the limiting groove restricts the up and down movement of the sound insulation plate.

[0026] Preferably, the buffer assembly further includes an inlet / outlet and a sealing plug. The inlet / outlet is opened at the bottom surface of the cooling chamber, the sealing plug is threadedly connected in the inlet / outlet, and a universal wheel is fixedly connected to the bottom surface position of the explosion-proof outer cylinder.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the inlet / outlet makes it convenient to add and export the cooling lubricating fluid in the cooling chamber.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] 1) Under the action of explosion shock, the rib plates of the explosion-proof inner cylinder in the present invention promote the rotation of the explosion-proof inner cylinder. The dynamic rotation consumes the energy of the explosion, thereby improving the safety of the explosion-proof inner cylinder, the explosion-proof inner cylinder and the buffer layer, and reducing the requirement for material strength.

[0030] 2) When the explosion-proof inner cylinder rotates in the present invention, the sound-absorbing plate rubs against the brake pads on the back plate. By means of the brake pads, the frictional force is increased, so that when the explosion-proof inner cylinder rotates, more energy of the explosion can be consumed.

[0031] 3) In the present invention, the reciprocating block continuously squeezes the diaphragm tube, causing a negative pressure to be generated in the diaphragm tube. The cooling lubricating fluid in the cooling chamber is introduced into the position between the explosion-proof inner cylinder and the buffer layer to lubricate and cool the buffer layer and the explosion-proof inner layer, avoiding deformation of the buffer layer caused by high temperature, ensuring the normal operation of the buffer layer in the explosion-proof inner cylinder under the high temperature action of explosion and rotational friction, and better absorbing the energy of the explosion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is a sectional view of the explosion-proof outer cylinder of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 is the Figure 2 enlarged view of part A in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the buffer layer structure under the sectioning of the explosion-proof outer cylinder and the explosion-proof inner cylinder of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 is the Figure 4 enlarged view of part B in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the explosion-proof inner cylinder of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the explosion-proof inner cylinder of the present invention from another orientation;

[0039] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the back plate of the present invention.

[0040] Description of reference numerals in the figure: 1. Explosion-proof outer cylinder; 2. Explosion-proof inner cylinder; 3. Buffer layer; 4. Universal wheel; 5. Buffer assembly; 501. Outlet; 502. First bearing; 503. Rotating rod; 504. Second bearing; 505. Energy dissipation chamber; 506. Cooling chamber; 507. Inlet and outlet; 508. Sealing plug; 509. Bearing chamber; 510. Third bearing; 511. Sealing plate; 512. Rib plate; 513. Energy dissipation plate; 514. Back plate; 515. Installation groove; 516. Brake pad; 517. Spring; 518. Reciprocating block; 519. Outlet pipe; 520. Diaphragm pipe; 521. Guide pipe; 522. Limiting groove. Detailed implementation mode

[0041] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , an explosion-proof tank with an energy absorption and buffering structure, including an explosion-proof outer cylinder 1, a buffer layer 3 fixedly connected inside the explosion-proof outer cylinder 1, an explosion-proof inner cylinder 2 rotatably connected inside the buffer layer 3. The buffer layer 3 is made of a polymer energy absorption material, polyethylene fiber. A buffer assembly 5 is movably installed on the explosion-proof outer cylinder 1 and the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2. The buffer assembly 5 includes a rotating rod 503, an energy dissipation chamber 505, a cooling chamber 506, a rib plate 512, an energy dissipation plate 513, a back plate 514, a brake pad 516, a reciprocating block 518 and a diaphragm pipe 520;

[0042] The rotating rod 503 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2. The rotating rod 503 is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2 by welding, and the rotating rod 503 penetrates into the energy dissipation chamber 505. The energy dissipation chamber 505 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the explosion-proof outer cylinder 1. The rotating rod 503 extends into the energy dissipation chamber 505, thereby increasing the connection points and facilitating the fixed connection of the rotating rod 503. The rib plates 512 are circularly arranged on the inner wall of the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2.

[0043] The buffer assembly 5 further includes an outlet 501 and a first bearing 502. The outlet 501 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the explosion-proof outer cylinder 1. The outlet 501 extends into the energy dissipation chamber 505. The first bearing 502 is fixedly connected in the outlet 501. The rotating rod 503 penetrates through the buffer layer 3, and the rotating rod 503 is rotatably connected in the first bearing 502. The rotating rod 503 is rotatably connected in the outlet 501 through the first bearing 502 for primary connection.

[0044] The buffer assembly 5 further includes a second bearing 504. The second bearing 504 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the energy dissipation chamber 505. The lower end of the rotating rod 503 is rotatably connected in the second bearing 504. The rotating rod 503 is rotatably connected to the energy dissipation chamber 505 again through the second bearing 504, thereby making a second connection. Through the two connections, the rotating rod 503 is more firmly connected, and the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2 is restricted by the rotating rod 503 and will not fly out.

[0045] The buffer assembly 5 further includes a bearing housing 509 and a third bearing 510. The bearing housing 509 is provided above the explosion-proof outer cylinder 1. The third bearing 510 is located within the bearing housing 509. The bearing housing 509 provides an installation space for the installation of the third bearing 510. The explosion-proof outer cylinder 1 is rotationally connected to the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2 through the third bearing 510, facilitating the rotational connection of the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2. The explosion-proof inner cylinder 2 is slidably connected to the buffer layer 3. The third bearing 510 is located above the buffer layer 3. The buffer assembly 5 further includes a sealing plate 511. The sealing plate 511 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the explosion-proof outer cylinder 1 and is located above the third bearing 510, such that the structure of the sealing plate 511 can encapsulate the third bearing 510, and the third bearing 510 is exposed at an external position.

[0046] The usage steps of the present invention are as follows: The explosive is located within the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2. When the explosive explodes, it generates a gas flow with a large impact force, which pushes the rib plate 512 inside the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2, enabling the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2 to rotate. The explosion-proof inner cylinder 2 slides within the buffer layer 3 and rotates within the first bearing 502 and the second bearing 504 through the rotating rod 503. The upper part of the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2 rotates within the explosion-proof outer cylinder 1 through the third bearing 510. By the rotation of the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2, the energy of the explosion is consumed, such that the explosion-proof tank's resistance to explosion not only depends on the strength of the explosion-proof outer cylinder 1, the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2, and the buffer layer 3 itself, but also partially consumes energy through the rotation of the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2, thereby reducing the material requirements for the explosion-proof outer cylinder 1, the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2, and the buffer layer 3 themselves.

[0047] Example 2. Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 , which is different from Example 1 in that the energy dissipation plate 513 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 503 and is located within the energy dissipation chamber 505. The energy dissipation plate 513 is hidden within the energy dissipation chamber 505 to reduce noise, such that the noise during friction is located within the energy dissipation chamber 505. Through the structure of the energy dissipation chamber 505, when the noise is transmitted to the outside, the noise has already been reduced. The back plate 514 is movably installed below the energy dissipation plate 513. The brake pad 516 is fixedly connected to the back plate 514. The brake pad 516 rubs against the energy dissipation plate 513 to increase the resistance and consume the energy during the explosion. The buffer assembly 5 further includes an installation groove 515. The installation groove 515 is opened on the back plate 514. The brake pad 516 is fixedly connected within the installation groove 515 of the back plate 514. The installation groove 515 positions and restricts the brake pad 516. A sliding hole is provided at the central position of the back plate 514. The back plate 514 is slidably connected to the rotating rod 503, such that when the rotating rod 503 rotates, the back plate 514 does not rotate, and the brake pad 516 rubs against the energy dissipation plate 513.

[0048] The buffer assembly 5 further includes a spring 517. The spring 517 is located inside the energy dissipation chamber 505 and is sleeved on the rotating rod 503. The spring 517 can push the back plate 514 upward, and the spring 517 is located below the energy dissipation plate 513.

[0049] The usage steps of the present invention are as follows: When the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2 rotates, the rotating rod 503 rotates, thereby driving the energy dissipation plate 513 to rotate. The spring 517 pushes the back plate 514 upward, causing the brake pads 516 on the back plate 514 to move upward synchronously. The brake pads 516 come into contact with the energy dissipation plate 513. Through the upward push of the spring 517, the brake pads 516 are closely attached to the energy dissipation plate 513. When the energy dissipation plate 513 rotates, the friction force is increased through the brake pads 516, so that when the energy dissipation plate 513 rotates, more explosion energy will be consumed.

[0050] Embodiment 3, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 8 Combined with Embodiment 2, the difference lies in that the cooling chamber 506 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the energy dissipation chamber 505. The cooling chamber 506 is located below the energy dissipation chamber 505. A reciprocating block 518 is fixedly connected to the edge of the energy dissipation plate 513. The reciprocating block 518 is located above the guiding tube 521 and continuously squeezes the diaphragm tube 520 above the guiding tube 521. The diaphragm tube 520 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the explosion-proof outer cylinder 1. The buffer assembly 5 further includes a leading tube 519. The leading tube 519 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the explosion-proof outer cylinder 1. The upper end of the leading tube 519 extends into the explosion-proof outer cylinder 1 to facilitate guiding the internal diaphragm tube 520 upward and guiding the outlet of the diaphragm tube 520 to a position above the buffer layer 3. And it is located above the buffer layer 3. The lower end of the leading tube 519 is in communication with the energy dissipation chamber 505.

[0051] The buffer assembly 5 further includes a guiding tube 521 and a limiting groove 522. The guiding tube 521 is fixedly connected inside the energy dissipation chamber 505. The diaphragm tube 520 is movably installed inside the leading tube 519. The lower part of the diaphragm tube 520 is filled with the position between the guiding tube 521 and the diaphragm tube 520 through an external glue or sealing ring structure, so that the cooling lubricant cannot enter the energy dissipation chamber 505. The upper end of the diaphragm tube 520 extends into a position above the buffer layer 3 through the leading tube 519. The lower end of the diaphragm tube 520 extends into the bottom of the cooling chamber 506 through the guiding tube 521. The limiting groove 522 is opened on the back plate 514, and the limiting groove 522 is slidably connected to the guiding tube 521. The back plate 514 is slidably connected to the guiding tube 521 through the limiting groove 522, so that the back plate 514 can only move up and down and cannot rotate.

[0052] The buffer assembly 5 further includes an inlet / outlet 507 and a sealing plug 508. The inlet / outlet 507 is opened at the bottom surface of the cooling chamber 506. The sealing plug 508 is threadedly connected to the inlet / outlet 507, facilitating the export and addition of the cooling lubricating fluid in the cooling chamber 506. By turning the sealing plug 508, the installation and disassembly of the sealing plug 508 are more convenient. A universal wheel 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the explosion-proof outer cylinder 1, making the explosion-proof tank easy to move.

[0053] The usage steps of the present invention: When the energy dissipation plate 513 rotates, the reciprocating block 518 at the edge rotates synchronously, enabling the reciprocating block 518 to continuously squeeze the diaphragm tube 520 at the side position. After the diaphragm tube 520 is continuously squeezed and then reset, a negative pressure is generated in the diaphragm tube 520, facilitating the upward guidance of the cooling lubricating fluid in the cooling chamber 506. The cooling lubricating fluid is introduced through the guiding tube 521 to the upper position of the buffer layer 3. Since a large amount of heat will be generated due to the sliding friction between the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2 and the buffer layer 3 when the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2 rotates, and the high temperature will damage the buffer layer 3. Therefore, by introducing the cooling lubricating fluid, the position between the buffer layer 3 and the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2 is filled, thereby cooling the buffer layer 3 and the explosion-proof inner cylinder 2 and preventing the high temperature from damaging the performance of the buffer layer 3.

[0054] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification are only the preferred examples of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of the present invention claimed is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof tank with an energy-absorbing and buffering structure, comprising an explosion-proof outer cylinder (1), characterized in that: A buffer layer (3) is fixedly connected inside the explosion-proof outer cylinder (1), an explosion-proof inner cylinder (2) is rotatably connected inside the buffer layer (3), a buffer assembly (5) is movably installed on the explosion-proof outer cylinder (1) and the explosion-proof inner cylinder (2), and the buffer assembly (5) includes a rotating rod (503), an energy dissipation chamber (505), a temperature reduction chamber (506), rib plates (512), an energy dissipation plate (513), a back plate (514), brake pads (516), a reciprocating block (518), and a diaphragm tube (520); The rotating rod (503) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the explosion-proof inner cylinder (2), and the rotating rod (503) penetrates into the energy dissipation chamber (505). The energy dissipation chamber (505) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the explosion-proof outer cylinder (1). The temperature reduction chamber (506) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the energy dissipation chamber (505). The rib plates (512) are circularly arrayed on the inner wall of the explosion-proof inner cylinder (2). The energy dissipation plate (513) is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (503), and the energy dissipation plate (513) is located inside the energy dissipation chamber (505). The back plate (514) is movably installed below the energy dissipation plate (513). The brake pads (516) are fixedly connected to the back plate (514). The reciprocating block (518) is fixedly connected to the edge of the energy dissipation plate (513). The diaphragm tube (520) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the explosion-proof outer cylinder (1).

2. The explosion-proof tank with an energy-absorbing and buffering structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer assembly (5) further includes a lead-out port (501) and a first bearing (502). The lead-out port (501) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the explosion-proof outer cylinder (1). The first bearing (502) is fixedly connected inside the lead-out port (501). The rotating rod (503) penetrates the buffer layer (3), and the rotating rod (503) is rotatably connected inside the first bearing (502).

3. An explosion-proof tank with an energy-absorbing and buffering structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer assembly (5) further includes a second bearing (504). The second bearing (504) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the energy dissipation chamber (505). The lower end of the rotating rod (503) is rotatably connected inside the second bearing (504).

4. An explosion-proof tank with an energy-absorbing and buffering structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer assembly (5) further includes a bearing chamber (509) and a third bearing (510). The bearing chamber (509) is opened at the upper position of the explosion-proof outer cylinder (1). The third bearing (510) is located inside the bearing chamber (509). The explosion-proof outer cylinder (1) is rotatably connected to the explosion-proof inner cylinder (2) through the third bearing (510). The third bearing (510) is located above the buffer layer (3).

5. The explosion-proof tank with an energy-absorbing and buffering structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The buffer assembly (5) further includes a sealing plate (511). The sealing plate (511) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the explosion-proof outer cylinder (1), and the sealing plate (511) is located above the third bearing (510).

6. The explosion-proof tank with an energy-absorbing and buffering structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer assembly (5) further includes an installation groove (515) formed on the back plate (514). The brake pad (516) is fixedly connected in the installation groove (515) of the back plate (514). A sliding hole is provided at the central position of the back plate (514). The back plate (514) is slidably connected to the rotating rod (503). The brake pad (516) rubs against the energy dissipation plate (513).

7. An explosion-proof tank with an energy-absorbing and buffering structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer assembly (5) further includes a spring (517). The spring (517) is located in the energy dissipation chamber (505) and is sleeved on the rotating rod (503). The spring (517) is located below the energy dissipation plate (513).

8. The explosion-proof tank with an energy-absorbing buffer structure according to claim 1, wherein: The buffer assembly (5) further includes a lead-out pipe (519). The lead-out pipe (519) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the explosion-proof outer cylinder (1). The upper end of the lead-out pipe (519) extends into the explosion-proof outer cylinder (1) and is located above the buffer layer (3). The lower end of the lead-out pipe (519) is in communication with the energy dissipation chamber (505).

9. The explosion-proof tank with an energy-absorbing and buffering structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer assembly (5) further includes a guide pipe (521) and a limiting groove (522). The guide pipe (521) is fixedly connected in the energy dissipation chamber (505). The diaphragm pipe (520) is movably installed in the lead-out pipe (519). The upper end of the diaphragm pipe (520) extends into the position above the buffer layer (3) through the lead-out pipe (519). The lower end of the diaphragm pipe (520) extends into the bottom position of the cooling chamber (506) through the guide pipe (521). The limiting groove (522) is formed on the back plate (514) and is slidably connected to the guide pipe (521).

10. An explosion-proof tank with an energy-absorbing and buffering structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer assembly (5) further includes an inlet / outlet (507) and a sealing plug (508). The inlet / outlet (507) is formed on the bottom surface of the cooling chamber (506). The sealing plug (508) is threadedly connected in the inlet / outlet (507). A universal wheel (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the explosion-proof outer cylinder (1).

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