Stability analysis method based on low-vibration blasting of cultural relic conservation area

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of stability analysis, and particularly discloses a stability analysis method based on low-vibration blasting of a cultural relic protection area. Comprising the following steps: S1, monitoring each to-be-blasted area; S2, carrying out first blasting influence analysis; S3, carrying out second blasting influence analysis; S4, carrying out comprehensive blasting influence analysis; the first blasting influence coefficient and the second blasting influence coefficient are analyzed, and then the comprehensive blasting influence coefficient is analyzed; analyzing a blasting vibration influence coefficient by using historical blasting data; designing a target pre-crack width based on the comprehensive blasting influence coefficient and the blasting vibration influence coefficient; and the low-vibration blasting stability performance is evaluated. According to the method, accurate analysis of low-vibration blasting of the cultural relic protection area is achieved, the scientificity of blasting vibration stability performance evaluation is improved, and the safety of cultural relics in the low-vibration blasting process of the cultural relic protection area is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of stability analysis, and in particular to a stability analysis method based on low-vibration blasting in a cultural relics protection area. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of urbanization and the continuous advancement of infrastructure construction, blasting projects are increasingly common around cultural relics protection areas. Cultural relics carry precious historical and cultural values, and proper protection of them is an important mission to inherit national culture. Therefore, achieving low-vibration blasting analysis in blasting operations has become a core technical challenge to ensure the safety of cultural relics and coordinate the relationship between engineering construction and cultural protection.

[0003] Traditional low-vibration blasting stability analysis methods in cultural relics protection areas mainly include: calculating and limiting the maximum amount of explosives in a single stage through empirical formulas to reduce blasting vibration energy; using pre-splitting blasting technology to construct pre-cracks between the blasting area and the cultural relics protection area in an attempt to block the propagation of vibration waves; relying on engineering experience to optimize the detonation sequence and reduce the vibration superposition effect.

[0004] However, these methods have significant defects. First, the traditional method does not conduct a comprehensive analysis of geological data and stress parameters of the cultural relics, making it difficult to comprehensively evaluate the potential impact of blasting on geological conditions and cultural relic structures. Second, the lack of in-depth analysis of historical blasting data leads to inaccurate grasp of blasting vibration characteristics. In addition, the pre-crack width design is not optimized in combination with the comprehensive blasting influence coefficient and the blasting vibration influence coefficient, and the low-vibration blasting stability performance evaluation lacks a systematic analysis of blasting control parameters and pre-crack quality coefficients, making it difficult to accurately output the blasting stability performance evaluation index, and unable to achieve accurate analysis of the entire process from blasting impact analysis, parameter design to effect evaluation, and it is difficult to meet the strict requirements of low-vibration blasting in cultural relics protection areas. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a stability analysis method based on low-vibration blasting in a cultural relics protection area to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a stability analysis method based on low-vibration blasting in a cultural relics protection area, comprising the following steps: S1: monitoring each area to be blasted, S2: first blasting impact analysis, S3: second blasting impact analysis, S4: comprehensive blasting impact analysis, S5: blasting vibration impact analysis, S6: blasting pre-crack width design and S7: low-vibration blasting stability analysis;

[0007] S1: Monitoring each area to be blasted: a monitoring network is deployed around the cultural relics protection area, each blasting area in the cultural relics protection area is referred to as each area to be blasted, and each area to be blasted is monitored in real time;

[0008] S2: First blasting impact analysis: Obtain the geological data around each blasting area to be determined, and analyze the first blasting impact coefficient of each blasting area to be determined based on the geological data.

[0009] S3: Second blasting impact analysis: Obtain the stress parameters of the cultural relics body around each blasting area to be determined, and analyze the second blasting impact coefficient of each blasting area to be determined based on the stress parameters of the cultural relics body.

[0010] S4: Comprehensive blasting impact analysis: Conduct a comprehensive analysis of the first blasting impact coefficient and the second blasting impact coefficient of each blasting area to be determined to obtain the comprehensive blasting impact coefficient of each blasting area to be determined.

[0011] S5: Blasting vibration impact analysis: Obtain the historical particle vibration velocity, vibration duration, and vibration acceleration of each blasting area to be determined, and analyze the blasting vibration impact coefficient of each blasting area to be determined.

[0012] S6: Design of the width of the blasting pre-crack: Analyze the comprehensive blasting impact coefficient and the blasting vibration impact coefficient of each blasting area to be determined to obtain the target pre-crack width that meets each blasting area to be determined.

[0013] S7: Stability analysis of low-vibration blasting: Based on the blasting control parameters and the pre-crack quality coefficient after blasting in each blasting area to be determined, conduct a stability analysis of the low-vibration blasting in each blasting area to be determined to obtain the blasting stability performance evaluation index of each blasting area to be determined, and conduct a performance evaluation on it to output the low-vibration blasting stability evaluation result.

[0014] Preferably, the implementation method for monitoring each blasting area to be determined is as follows:

[0015] First, deploy a monitoring network composed of vibration sensors, displacement sensors, and acoustic sensors around the cultural relics protection area. The sensors are distributed around the cultural relics protection area in a grid pattern, forming a monitoring network with a density of one measurement point per 50 m. 2 A monitoring network with one measurement point.

[0016] Second, briefly record each blasting area in the cultural relics protection area as each blasting area to be determined, and assign a unique area code to each area. Sequentially label the blasting areas to be determined as 1, 2,..., i,..., n, where i is the number of each blasting area to be determined.

[0017] Preferably, the implementation method for the first blasting impact analysis is as follows:

[0018] Obtain the geological data around each blasting area to be determined. The geological data includes the rock compressive strength, joint density, and groundwater depth.

[0019] The actual compressive strength Ct of the rock in the i-th blasting area to be obtained i Take the difference between the actual compressive strength Ct of the rock in the i-th blasting area to be obtained and the preset reference rock compressive strength Ct0 and take the absolute value to calculate the rock compressive strength deviation Sd in the i-th blasting area to be obtained i ;

[0020] Based on the depth of the groundwater level, analyze the influence coefficient of the groundwater level depth. The specific calculation formula is as follows: Among them, kw i represents the influence coefficient of the groundwater level depth in the i-th blasting area to be obtained, Hw i represents the groundwater level depth in the i-th blasting area to be obtained, Hw0 represents the critical groundwater level depth, and β represents the water pressure influence coefficient;

[0021] Establish the correlation model between the geological data and the blasting influence, and calculate the first blasting influence coefficient of each blasting area to be obtained. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0022] Among them, FIC i represents the first blasting influence coefficient in the i-th blasting area to be obtained, Sd max represents the preset allowable maximum rock compressive strength deviation, Jd i represents the joint density in the i-th blasting area to be obtained, and Jd0 represents the preset reference joint density.

[0023] Preferably, the execution method of the second blasting influence analysis is specifically as follows:

[0024] Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the cultural relics body to obtain the stress parameters of the cultural relics body around each blasting area to be obtained. The stress parameters of the cultural relics body include the allowable tensile stress of the cultural relics body structure, the material elastic modulus, and the structural stress concentration coefficient;

[0025] Based on the stress parameters of the cultural relics body, analyze and obtain the second blasting influence coefficient of each blasting area to be obtained. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, SIC i represents the second blasting influence coefficient in the i-th blasting area to be obtained, St iz represents the allowable tensile stress of the z-th cultural relics body structure corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be obtained, St iz ′ represents the preset reference allowable tensile stress of the z-th cultural relics body corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be obtained, Em iz represents the elastic modulus of the z-th cultural relics material corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be obtained, Em iz ′ represents the preset reference elastic modulus of the z-th cultural relics corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be obtained, Cfiz denotes the structural stress concentration coefficient of the z-th cultural relic body corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be blasted, λ1, λ2, and λ3 respectively denote the weight coefficients of the allowable tensile stress of the cultural relic body structure, the elastic modulus of the material, and the structural stress concentration coefficient, z represents the number of each cultural relic body, and g represents the total number of cultural relic bodies.

[0028] Preferably, the execution mode of the comprehensive blasting impact analysis is specifically as follows:

[0029] Obtain the first blasting impact coefficient and the second blasting impact coefficient of each blasting area to be blasted, and conduct a comprehensive analysis on them to obtain the comprehensive blasting impact coefficient of each blasting area to be blasted. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0030] IC i = w1 × FIC i + w2 × SIC i , where IC i denotes the comprehensive blasting impact coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, FIC i denotes the first blasting impact coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, SIC i denotes the second blasting impact coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, w1 and w2 respectively denote the weight coefficients of the first blasting impact coefficient and the second blasting impact coefficient, and w1 + w2 = 1.

[0031] Preferably, the execution mode of the blasting vibration impact analysis is specifically as follows:

[0032] Obtain the historical blasting data of each blasting area to be blasted, including the particle vibration velocity, vibration duration, and vibration acceleration, and calculate the blasting vibration impact coefficient of each blasting area to be blasted. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0033] where, IV i denotes the blasting vibration impact coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, v ij denotes the particle vibration velocity measured in the j-th historical blasting corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be blasted, v th denotes the preset vibration velocity safety threshold, T ij denotes the vibration duration measured in the j-th historical blasting corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be blasted, T th denotes the preset vibration duration safety threshold, a ij denotes the vibration acceleration measured in the j-th historical blasting corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be blasted, a th denotes the preset vibration acceleration safety threshold, kf ijIt represents the frequency correction coefficient of the j-th historical blasting corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be blasted. m represents the total number of times of obtaining historical blasting data. j represents the number of each historical blasting data, j = 1, 2, 3,..., m. i is the number of each blasting area to be blasted. α1, α2, and α3 respectively represent the weight indexes of particle vibration velocity, vibration duration, and vibration acceleration.

[0034] Preferably, the execution method of the blasting pre-crack width design is specifically as follows:

[0035] Obtain the comprehensive blasting influence coefficient and blasting vibration influence coefficient of each blasting area to be blasted, analyze them, and obtain the target pre-crack width that meets each blasting area to be blasted. The calculation formula of the target pre-crack width of each blasting area to be blasted is specifically as follows:

[0036] Among them, Wp i represents the target pre-crack width of the i-th blasting area to be blasted. W0 represents the preset reference pre-crack width. IC i represents the comprehensive blasting influence coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted. IV i represents the blasting vibration influence coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted. k represents a constant. q i represents the linear charge density of the i-th blasting area to be blasted. q0 represents the preset reference linear charge density. Sp i represents the pre-splitting hole spacing of the i-th blasting area to be blasted. S0 represents the preset reference pre-splitting hole spacing. represents the correction coefficient.

[0037] Preferably, the execution method of the low-vibration blasting stability analysis is specifically as follows:

[0038] Obtain the blasting control parameters after blasting in each blasting area to be blasted. The blasting control parameters include the actual vibration velocity and the main vibration frequency;

[0039] Calculate the blasting stability performance evaluation index of each blasting area to be blasted. The calculation formula is specifically as follows;

[0040] Among them, EEI i represents the blasting stability performance evaluation index of the i-th blasting area to be blasted. V max represents the preset maximum allowable vibration velocity for safety. Vv i represents the actual vibration velocity of the i-th blasting area to be blasted. f i represents the main vibration frequency of the i-th blasting area to be blasted. fn represents the natural vibration frequency of the protection target. fr represents the preset frequency threshold, where fr = 2fn. Qf i represents the pre-crack quality coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted. e represents the natural constant;

[0041] Based on the blasting stability performance evaluation index of each blasting area to be blasted, and conduct a stability performance evaluation on it. The specific content of the stability performance evaluation is as follows:

[0042] Read the blasting stability performance evaluation index of each blasting area to be blasted, and compare it with the preset stability performance evaluation index threshold. If the blasting stability performance evaluation index of a certain blasting area to be blasted is greater than the preset stability performance evaluation index threshold, it is determined that the blasting stability state of this blasting area to be blasted is normal; otherwise, it is determined that the blasting stability state of this blasting area to be blasted is abnormal, and mark the abnormal data of the blasting stability state of this blasting area to be blasted as the low-vibration blasting stability performance evaluation result of this blasting area to be blasted, and output the low-vibration blasting stability performance evaluation result.

[0043] Preferably, the calculation formula of the pre-crack quality coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted is specifically as follows:

[0044] Among them, Qf i represents the pre-crack quality coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Le i represents the effective pre-crack length of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Le i ′ represents the total theoretical pre-crack length preset for the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Dd i represents the preset allowable pre-crack surface deviation angle of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Da i represents the actual pre-crack surface deviation angle of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Wa i represents the actual pre-crack width of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Wp i represents the target pre-crack width of the i-th blasting area to be blasted.

[0045] As described above, a stability analysis method for low-vibration blasting based on cultural relic protection areas provided by the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0046] A stability analysis method based on low-vibration blasting in cultural relics protection areas provided by the present invention analyzes the first and second blasting influence coefficients respectively based on geological data and stress parameters of the cultural relics body by monitoring each area to be blasted, realizing accurate analysis of the geological conditions of the blasting area and the stress state of the cultural relics structure. Through systematic analysis of historical particle vibration velocity, vibration duration, and vibration acceleration, a scientific blasting vibration influence coefficient is constructed, accurately depicting the characteristics of blasting vibration, and making the analysis of blasting vibration influence transform from empirical to scientific and accurate. Combining the comprehensive blasting influence coefficient with the blasting vibration influence coefficient to design the target pre-crack width changes the extensive mode of traditional empirical design, making the design of pre-crack width more targeted and effective, and being able to block blasting vibration more efficiently, providing a more solid guarantee for the safety of cultural relics. Evaluating the stability performance effect of low-vibration blasting through blasting control parameters and pre-crack quality coefficients, and outputting a quantitative blasting stability performance evaluation index, realizing scientific and dynamic evaluation of blasting effects. This accurate analysis mode not only improves the overall analysis level of low-vibration blasting in cultural relics protection areas, ensures the safety of cultural relics, but also optimizes the implementation effect of blasting projects, realizing the coordinated progress of engineering construction and cultural relics protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to the following drawings without creative efforts.

[0048] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a stability analysis method based on low-vibration blasting in cultural relics protection areas of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0049] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a stability analysis method based on low-vibration blasting in cultural relics protection areas, including the following steps: S1: Monitoring each area to be blasted, S2: First blasting influence analysis, S3: Second blasting influence analysis, S4: Comprehensive blasting influence analysis, S5: Blasting vibration influence analysis, S6: Design of blasting pre-crack width, and S7: Stability analysis of low-vibration blasting;

[0051] S1: Monitor each blasting area to be monitored: Set up a monitoring network around the cultural relics protection area. Denote each blasting area in the cultural relics protection area as each blasting area to be monitored, and monitor each blasting area to be monitored in real time;

[0052] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that the implementation method of the above-mentioned monitoring of each blasting area to be monitored is as follows:

[0053] First, set up a monitoring network composed of vibration sensors, displacement sensors, and acoustic sensors around the cultural relics protection area; specifically, the vibration sensor adopts a three-axis acceleration sensor with a sensitivity of 100 mV / g and a frequency response range of 0.5 Hz - 5 kHz; the displacement sensor adopts a laser displacement sensor with an accuracy of 0.01 mm; the acoustic sensor adopts an acoustic emission sensor with a frequency range of 50 kHz - 300 kHz; the sensors are distributed around the cultural relics protection area in a grid pattern, forming a monitoring network with a density of one measurement point per 50 m 2 ;

[0054] Second, denote each blasting area in the cultural relics protection area as each blasting area to be monitored, and assign a unique area code to each area. Label the above-mentioned blasting areas to be monitored as 1, 2,..., i,..., n in sequence, where i is the number of each blasting area to be monitored;

[0055] Finally, set the warning threshold: When the monitored vibration velocity exceeds 0.5 cm / s or the displacement exceeds 0.2 mm, the system automatically issues a warning signal. The monitoring system operates all day long, records data once per second, and stores the data in a database for subsequent analysis.

[0056] S2: First blasting impact analysis: Obtain the geological data around each blasting area to be monitored, and based on the above-mentioned geological data analysis, obtain the first blasting impact coefficient of each blasting area to be monitored;

[0057] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that the implementation method of the above-mentioned first blasting impact analysis is as follows:

[0058] Obtain the geological data around each blasting area to be monitored, where the geological data includes the rock compressive strength, joint density, and groundwater depth;

[0059] Take the difference between the actual compressive strength Ct of the rock in the i-th blasting area to be monitored obtained above i and the preset reference rock compressive strength Ct0, and take the absolute value to calculate the rock compressive strength deviation Sd of the i-th blasting area to be monitored i ;

[0060] Based on the groundwater depth, analyze the groundwater depth impact coefficient. The specific calculation formula is: where kw iDenote the influence coefficient of the groundwater level depth in the \(i\)-th blasting area to be blasted, \(H_w\) i Denote the groundwater level depth in the \(i\)-th blasting area to be blasted, \(H_{w0}\) represents the critical groundwater level depth, \(\beta\) represents the water pressure influence coefficient, and its value ranges between 0.005 and 0.015;

[0061] Specifically, it should be noted that the groundwater level depth affects the explosive performance and blasting effect through water pressure. An increase in water depth will reduce the detonation velocity and brisance of the explosive.

[0062] Establish the correlation model between the geological data and the blasting influence, and calculate the first blasting influence coefficient of each blasting area to be blasted. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0063] Among them, \(FIC\) i Denote the first blasting influence coefficient of the \(i\)-th blasting area to be blasted, \(S_d\) max Denote the preset allowable maximum deviation of the rock compressive strength, \(J_d\) i Denote the joint density of the \(i\)-th blasting area to be blasted, \(J_{d0}\) represents the preset reference joint density;

[0064] In this embodiment, specifically, the deviation of the rock compressive strength \(S_d\) of the \(i\)-th blasting area to be blasted in the formula i The larger it is, the deviation of the joint density \(\vert J_d\) i \(-J_{d0}\vert\) is larger, and the influence coefficient of the groundwater level depth \(k_w\) i The larger it is, the first blasting influence coefficient \(FIC\) of the \(i\)-th blasting area to be blasted i The larger it is, it indicates that the comprehensive adverse influence of the geological conditions of this blasting area on blasting is worse. \(k_w\) i Reflects the influence degree of the groundwater level depth on blasting, and the larger its value, the more significant the influence.

[0065] S3: Second blasting influence analysis: Obtain the stress parameters of the cultural relics body around each blasting area to be blasted, and analyze the second blasting influence coefficient of each blasting area to be blasted based on the stress parameters of the cultural relics body;

[0066] In this embodiment, specifically, the execution method of the second blasting influence analysis is as follows:

[0067] Conduct a comprehensive inspection on the cultural relics body to obtain the stress parameters of the cultural relics body around each blasting area to be blasted. The stress parameters of the cultural relics body include the allowable tensile stress of the cultural relics body structure, the material elastic modulus, and the structural stress concentration coefficient;

[0068] Among them, the inspection methods used for the comprehensive inspection include: non-contact strain measurement, ultrasonic testing, and infrared thermography testing.

[0069] The second blasting influence coefficient of each blasting area to be determined is obtained based on the stress parameter analysis of the cultural relics body, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0070]

[0071] Where SIC i represents the second blasting influence coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be determined, St iz represents the allowable tensile stress of the z-th cultural relics body structure corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be determined, St iz ' represents the preset reference allowable tensile stress of the z-th cultural relics body corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be determined, Em iz represents the elastic modulus of the z-th cultural relics material corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be determined, Em iz ' represents the preset reference elastic modulus of the z-th cultural relics corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be determined, Cf iz represents the structural stress concentration coefficient of the z-th cultural relics body corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be determined, λ1, λ2, and λ3 respectively represent the weight coefficients of the allowable tensile stress of the cultural relics body structure, the elastic modulus of the material, and the structural stress concentration coefficient, z represents the number of each cultural relics body, and g represents the total number of cultural relics bodies;

[0072] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that the method for obtaining the structural stress concentration coefficient of the cultural relics body is as follows:

[0073] The geometric data of the cultural relics are obtained by using 3D laser scanning and photogrammetry technologies to construct a 3D digital model. The elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, and compressive / tensile strength parameters of the cultural relics material are obtained through micro-damage detection (such as ultrasonic testing, point load test), and input into finite element software (such as ANSYS, ABAQUS). The finite element analysis is run to determine the maximum principal stress at the stress concentration site, and then the nominal stress of this area is calculated through the integration path. The ratio of the maximum principal stress at the stress concentration site to the nominal stress of this area is calculated to obtain the structural stress concentration coefficient of the cultural relics body. Among them, the larger the value of the structural stress concentration coefficient of the cultural relics body, the more significant the local stress concentration.

[0074] It should be specifically noted that in a specific embodiment, λ1 can be set to 0.5, λ2 can be set to 0.3, and λ3 can be set to 0.2.

[0075] S4: Comprehensive blasting influence analysis: The first blasting influence coefficient and the second blasting influence coefficient of each blasting area to be determined are comprehensively analyzed to obtain the comprehensive blasting influence coefficient of each blasting area to be determined;

[0076] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that the execution method of the comprehensive blasting influence analysis is as follows:

[0077] Obtain the first blasting influence coefficient and the second blasting influence coefficient of each area to be blasted, and conduct a comprehensive analysis on them to obtain the comprehensive blasting influence coefficient of each area to be blasted. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0078] IC i = w1 × FIC i + w2 × SIC i , where IC i represents the comprehensive blasting influence coefficient of the i-th area to be blasted, FIC i represents the first blasting influence coefficient of the i-th area to be blasted, SIC i represents the second blasting influence coefficient of the i-th area to be blasted, w1 and w2 respectively represent the weight coefficients of the first blasting influence coefficient and the second blasting influence coefficient, and w1 + w2 = 1.

[0079] It should be specifically noted that in a specific embodiment, w1 takes 0.4 and w2 takes 0.6.

[0080] S5: Blasting vibration influence analysis: Obtain the historical particle vibration velocity, vibration duration, and vibration acceleration of each area to be blasted, and analyze to obtain the blasting vibration influence coefficient of each area to be blasted;

[0081] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that the execution method of the blasting vibration influence analysis is as follows:

[0082] Obtain the historical blasting data of each area to be blasted, including particle vibration velocity, vibration duration, and vibration acceleration, and calculate the blasting vibration influence coefficient of each area to be blasted. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0083] where, IV i represents the blasting vibration influence coefficient of the i-th area to be blasted, v ij represents the particle vibration velocity measured in the j-th historical blasting corresponding to the i-th area to be blasted, v th represents the preset vibration velocity safety threshold, T ij represents the vibration duration measured in the j-th historical blasting corresponding to the i-th area to be blasted, T th represents the preset vibration duration safety threshold, a ij represents the vibration acceleration measured in the j-th historical blasting corresponding to the i-th area to be blasted, a th represents the preset vibration acceleration safety threshold, kf ijIt represents the frequency correction coefficient of the j-th historical blasting corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be blasted. m represents the total number of times of obtaining historical blasting data. j represents the serial number of each historical blasting data, where j = 1, 2, 3,..., m. i is the serial number of each blasting area to be blasted. α1, α2, and α3 respectively represent the weight exponents of particle vibration velocity, vibration duration, and vibration acceleration.

[0084] Specifically, in a specific embodiment, α1 represents the weight exponent of particle vibration velocity in the formula, and its general value range is between 1.5 - 2.0. Here, it is taken as 1.8 to highlight the contribution degree of particle vibration velocity to the blasting vibration influence coefficient. α2 represents the weight exponent of vibration duration in the formula, and its value range is generally between 1.2 - 1.8. Here, it is taken as 1.5. α3 represents the weight exponent of vibration acceleration in the formula, and its value range is generally between 1.0 - 1.5. Here, it is taken as 1.2.

[0085] For the frequency correction coefficient kf of the j-th historical blasting corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be blasted ij , when kf ij is within the range of ±20% of the natural vibration frequency f 文物 of the cultural relic, kf ij = 1.5. Otherwise, kf ij = 1.0.

[0086] S6: Design of the width of the blasting pre-crack: Analyze the comprehensive blasting influence coefficient and the blasting vibration influence coefficient of each blasting area to be blasted to obtain the target pre-crack width that meets each blasting area to be blasted.

[0087] In this embodiment, specifically, the execution method of the design of the width of the blasting pre-crack is as follows:

[0088] Obtain the comprehensive blasting influence coefficient and the blasting vibration influence coefficient of each blasting area to be blasted, analyze them, and obtain the target pre-crack width that meets each blasting area to be blasted. The calculation formula for the target pre-crack width of each blasting area to be blasted is specifically as follows:

[0089] Among them, Wp i represents the target pre-crack width of the i-th blasting area to be blasted. W0 represents the preset reference pre-crack width. IC i represents the comprehensive blasting influence coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted. IV i represents the blasting vibration influence coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted. k represents a constant. q i represents the linear charge density of the i-th blasting area to be blasted. q0 represents the preset reference linear charge density. Sp iSi represents the pre-splitting hole spacing of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, and S0 represents the preset reference pre-splitting hole spacing. represents the correction coefficient.

[0090] S7: Low-vibration blasting stability analysis: Based on the blasting control parameters and pre-crack quality coefficients after blasting in each blasting area to be blasted, perform stability analysis on the low-vibration blasting in each blasting area to be blasted, obtain the blasting stability performance evaluation index for each blasting area to be blasted, and conduct performance evaluation on it, and output the low-vibration blasting stability evaluation result.

[0091] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that the execution method of the low-vibration blasting stability analysis is as follows:

[0092] Obtain the blasting control parameters after blasting in each blasting area to be blasted, and the blasting control parameters include the actual vibration velocity and the main vibration frequency.

[0093] Calculate the blasting stability performance evaluation index for each blasting area to be blasted, and the specific calculation formula is as follows;

[0094] Among them, EEI i represents the blasting stability performance evaluation index of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, V max represents the preset maximum allowable vibration velocity for safety, Vv i represents the actual vibration velocity of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, f i represents the main vibration frequency of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, fn represents the natural vibration frequency of the protection target, fr represents the preset frequency threshold, where fr = 2fn, Qf i represents the pre-crack quality coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, and e represents the natural constant;

[0095] It should be specifically noted that in the formula, the actual vibration velocity Vv of the i-th blasting area to be blasted i is smaller, the difference |f i - fn| between the main vibration frequency of the i-th blasting area to be blasted and the natural vibration frequency of the protection target is larger, the pre-crack quality coefficient Qf i of the i-th blasting area to be blasted is larger, then the blasting stability performance evaluation index of the i-th blasting area to be blasted is larger, indicating that the blasting in this blasting area to be blasted is more stable.

[0096] It should be specifically noted that the natural vibration frequency fn of the protection target refers to the inherent vibration frequency of the protection target (such as ancient buildings, sculptures) (unit: Hz), which is determined by the structural material and geometric shape (for example, the natural vibration frequency of a wooden structure is usually 1 - 5 Hz). When the blasting main vibration frequency f i is farther away from fn, it is less likely to cause resonance damage.

[0097] Based on the blasting stability performance evaluation indexes of each blasting area to be blasted, and conduct stability performance evaluation on them. The specific content of the stability performance evaluation is as follows:

[0098] Read the blasting stability performance evaluation indexes of each blasting area to be blasted, and compare them with the preset stability performance evaluation index threshold. If the blasting stability performance evaluation index of a certain blasting area to be blasted is greater than the preset stability performance evaluation index threshold, it is determined that the blasting stability state of this blasting area to be blasted is normal; otherwise, it is determined that the blasting stability state of this blasting area to be blasted is abnormal, and mark the abnormal data of the blasting stability state of this blasting area to be blasted as the low-vibration blasting stability performance evaluation result of this blasting area to be blasted, and output the low-vibration blasting stability performance evaluation result;

[0099] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that the calculation formula of the pre-crack quality coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted is as follows:

[0100] Among them, Qf i represents the pre-crack quality coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Le i represents the effective pre-crack length of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, which refers to the pre-crack length that is actually formed and can effectively block the propagation of blasting vibration, Le i ' represents the preset total theoretical pre-crack length of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Dd i represents the preset allowable pre-crack surface deviation angle of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Da i represents the actual pre-crack surface deviation angle of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Wa i represents the actual pre-crack width of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Wp i represents the target pre-crack width of the i-th blasting area to be blasted.

[0101] Finally: The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0102] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, and all should be covered by the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A stability analysis method based on low-vibration blasting in cultural relic protection areas, characterized in that It includes the following steps: S1: Monitor each blasting area to be: Deploy a monitoring network around the cultural relics protection area, briefly record each blasting area in the cultural relics protection area as each blasting area to be, and monitor each blasting area to be in real time; S2: First blasting impact analysis: Obtain the geological data around each blasting area to be, and analyze the first blasting impact coefficient of each blasting area to be based on the geological data; S3: Second blasting impact analysis: Obtain the stress parameters of the cultural relics body around each blasting area to be, and analyze the second blasting impact coefficient of each blasting area to be based on the stress parameters of the cultural relics body; S4: Comprehensive blasting impact analysis: Comprehensively analyze the first blasting impact coefficient and the second blasting impact coefficient of each blasting area to be to obtain the comprehensive blasting impact coefficient of each blasting area to be; S5: Blasting vibration impact analysis: Obtain the historical particle vibration velocity, vibration duration and vibration acceleration of each blasting area to be, and analyze the blasting vibration impact coefficient of each blasting area to be; S6: Design of the width of the blasting pre-crack: Analyze the comprehensive blasting impact coefficient and the blasting vibration impact coefficient of each blasting area to be to obtain the target pre-crack width that meets each blasting area to be; S7: Stability analysis of low-vibration blasting: Based on the blasting control parameters and pre-crack quality coefficient after blasting in each blasting area to be, conduct a stability analysis of the low-vibration blasting in each blasting area to be to obtain the blasting stability performance evaluation index of each blasting area to be, and conduct a performance evaluation on it to output the low-vibration blasting stability evaluation result.

2. The stable analysis method based on low-vibration blasting in a cultural relics protection area according to claim 1, wherein: The implementation method of monitoring each blasting area to be is specifically as follows: First, a monitoring network composed of vibration sensors, displacement sensors, and acoustic sensors is arranged around the cultural relics protection area. The sensors are distributed around the cultural relics protection area in a grid pattern, forming a monitoring network with a density of one measurement point per 50m 2 of one measurement point; Secondly, briefly record each blasting area in the cultural relics protection area as each blasting area to be, and assign a unique area code to each area, and sequentially label the blasting areas to be as 1, 2,..., i,..., n, where i is the number of each blasting area to be.

3. A stability analysis method based on low-vibration blasting in a cultural relics protection area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation method of the first blasting impact analysis is specifically as follows: Obtain the geological data around each blasting area to be, and the geological data includes rock compressive strength, joint density and groundwater depth; The actual compressive strength Ct of the rock in the i-th blasting area to be obtained i Subtract the preset reference rock compressive strength Ct0 and take the absolute value to calculate the rock compressive strength deviation Sd in the i-th blasting area to be obtained i ; Based on the depth of the groundwater level, analyze the influence coefficient of the groundwater level depth. The specific calculation formula is as follows: Among them, kw i represents the influence coefficient of the groundwater level depth of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Hw i represents the groundwater level depth of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Hw0 represents the critical groundwater level depth, and β represents the water pressure influence coefficient; Establish an association model between the geological data and the blasting impact, and calculate the first blasting impact coefficient of each blasting area to be. The specific calculation formula is as follows: Among them, FIC i represents the first blasting influence coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Sd max represents the preset allowable maximum deviation of rock compressive strength, Jd i represents the joint density of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, and Jd0 represents the preset reference joint density.

4. A stability analysis method based on low-vibration blasting in a cultural relics protection area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation method of the second blasting impact analysis is specifically as follows: Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the cultural relics body to obtain the stress parameters of the cultural relics body around each blasting area to be. The stress parameters of the cultural relics body include the allowable tensile stress of the cultural relics body structure, material elastic modulus and structural stress concentration coefficient; Analyze the second blasting impact coefficient of each blasting area to be based on the stress parameters of the cultural relics body. The specific calculation formula is as follows: Among them, SIC i represents the second blasting influence coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, St iz represents the allowable tensile stress of the z-th cultural relic body structure corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be blasted, St iz ' represents the preset reference allowable tensile stress of the z-th cultural relic body corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Em iz represents the elastic modulus of the z-th cultural relic material corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Em iz ' represents the preset reference elastic modulus of the z-th cultural relic corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Cf iz represents the structural stress concentration coefficient of the z-th cultural relic body corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be blasted. λ1, λ2, and λ3 respectively represent the weight coefficients of the allowable tensile stress of the cultural relic body structure, the elastic modulus of the material, and the structural stress concentration coefficient. z represents the number of each cultural relic body, and g represents the total number of cultural relic bodies.

5. A stability analysis method based on low-vibration blasting in a cultural relics protection area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation method of the comprehensive blasting impact analysis is specifically as follows: Obtain the first blasting impact coefficient and the second blasting impact coefficient of each blasting area to be, and conduct a comprehensive analysis on them to obtain the comprehensive blasting impact coefficient of each blasting area to be. The specific calculation formula is as follows: IC i = w1 × FIC i + w2 × SIC i , where IC i represents the comprehensive blasting influence coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, FIC i represents the first blasting influence coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, SIC i represents the second blasting influence coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, w1 and w2 respectively represent the weight coefficients of the first blasting influence coefficient and the second blasting influence coefficient, and w1 + w2 = 1.

6. The stable analysis method based on low-vibration blasting in cultural relics protection areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation method of the blasting vibration impact analysis is specifically as follows: Obtain the historical blasting data of each blasting area to be, including particle vibration velocity, vibration duration and vibration acceleration, and calculate the blasting vibration impact coefficient of each blasting area to be. The calculation formula is as follows: Among them, IV i represents the blasting vibration influence coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, v ij represents the particle vibration velocity obtained from the j-th historical blasting measurement corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be blasted, v th represents the preset vibration velocity safety threshold, T ij represents the vibration duration obtained from the j-th historical blasting measurement corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be blasted, T th represents the preset vibration duration safety threshold, a ij represents the vibration acceleration obtained from the j-th historical blasting measurement corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be blasted, a th represents the preset vibration acceleration safety threshold, kf ij represents the frequency correction coefficient of the j-th historical blasting corresponding to the i-th blasting area to be blasted, m represents the total number of times of obtaining historical blasting data, j represents the number of each historical blasting data, j = 1, 2, 3,..., m, i is the number of each blasting area to be blasted, and α1, α2, and α3 respectively represent the weight indexes of particle vibration velocity, vibration duration, and vibration acceleration.

7. A stability analysis method based on low-vibration blasting in a cultural relics protection area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation method of the design of the blasting pre-crack width is as follows: Obtain the comprehensive blasting influence coefficient and the blasting vibration influence coefficient of each blasting area to be blasted, analyze them, and obtain the target pre-crack width that meets each blasting area to be blasted. The calculation formula for the target pre-crack width of each blasting area to be blasted is as follows: Among them, Wp i represents the target pre - crack width of the i - th blasting area to be blasted, W0 represents the preset reference pre - crack width, IC i represents the comprehensive blasting influence coefficient of the i - th blasting area to be blasted, IV i represents the blasting vibration influence coefficient of the i - th blasting area to be blasted, k represents a constant, q i represents the linear charge density of the i - th blasting area to be blasted, q0 represents the preset reference linear charge density, Sp i represents the pre - splitting hole spacing of the i - th blasting area to be blasted, S0 represents the preset reference pre - splitting hole spacing, represents the correction coefficient.

8. The stable analysis method based on low-vibration blasting in a cultural relics protection area according to claim 1, wherein: The implementation method of the low-vibration blasting stability analysis is as follows: Obtain the blasting control parameters after blasting in each blasting area to be blasted. The blasting control parameters include the actual vibration velocity and the main vibration frequency; Calculate the blasting stability performance evaluation index of each blasting area to be blasted. The calculation formula is as follows; Among them, EEI i represents the blasting stability performance evaluation index of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, V max represents the preset maximum allowable vibration velocity for safety, Vv i represents the actual vibration velocity of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, f i represents the main vibration frequency of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, fn represents the natural vibration frequency of the protection target, fr represents the preset frequency threshold, where fr = 2fn, Qf i represents the pre-crack quality coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, and e represents the natural constant; Based on the blasting stability performance evaluation index of each blasting area to be blasted, and conduct a stability performance evaluation on it. The specific content of the stability performance evaluation is as follows: Read the blasting stability performance evaluation index of each blasting area to be blasted, compare it with the preset stability performance evaluation index threshold. If the blasting stability performance evaluation index of a certain blasting area to be blasted is greater than the preset stability performance evaluation index threshold, it is determined that the blasting stability state of this blasting area to be blasted is normal; otherwise, it is determined that the blasting stability state of this blasting area to be blasted is abnormal, mark the abnormal data of the blasting stability state of this blasting area to be blasted as the low-vibration blasting stability performance evaluation result of this blasting area to be blasted, and output the low-vibration blasting stability performance evaluation result.

9. A stability analysis method based on low-vibration blasting in a cultural relics protection area according to claim 8, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the pre-crack quality coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted is as follows: Among them, Qf i represents the pre-crack quality coefficient of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Le i represents the effective pre-crack length of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Le i ' represents the total theoretical pre-crack length preset for the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Dd i represents the preset allowable pre-fracture surface deviation angle of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Da i represents the actual pre-fracture surface deviation angle of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Wa i represents the actual pre-crack width of the i-th blasting area to be blasted, Wp i represents the target pre-crack width of the i-th blasting area to be blasted.

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