A microplastic integrated intelligent detection device

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated intelligent detection device for microplastics, comprising: a sample pretreatment module, including a sample mixing module, a filtration and separation module, an enrichment and concentration module, and a surface modification and labeling module connected in sequence, used for sequentially mixing, filtering, enriching, modifying, and labeling the sample; an immunoreaction module, used for performing an immunoreaction with a lyophilized anti-polystyrene monoclonal antibody labeled with quantum dot fluorescent microspheres; a fluorescence detection module, used for fluorescence detection of the test strip after the immunoreaction; and an automated control module, electrically connected to the sample pretreatment module, immunoreaction module, and fluorescence detection module, used for controlling the operation of each module. In this invention, the sample processing module, reaction module, detection module, and control module work closely together. After simple pretreatment, the sample enters each module sequentially, and the detection and result output are completed semi-automatically, eliminating the need for frequent manual operation of different instruments, reducing operation steps and time, and lowering the operational difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fluorescence detection technology, specifically relating to an integrated intelligent detection device for microplastics. Background Technology

[0002] Microplastics are a new type of environmental pollutant that adsorbs heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants, which then migrate and transform within the environment. Microplastics are diverse, highly hazardous, cause significant pollution, and have a wide reach. They are easily ingested by animals, releasing toxic and harmful substances that can damage an organism's growth, development, reproduction, and gene expression. Microplastics possess sublethal toxicity and cytotoxicity, posing a serious threat to human life and health.

[0003] Microplastic pollution in my country is characterized by a complex environment, significant geographical differences, and numerous pollution points, affecting sectors such as the environment, food, and textiles. During the production of synthetic fibers (such as polyester and nylon), plastic particles or fibers smaller than 5 millimeters may be generated. For example, friction from production equipment and incomplete polymerization of raw materials can lead to microplastic formation. Furthermore, in textile processes such as spinning, weaving, and dyeing, machine operation, component wear, and stress during processing can cause microplastic fibers to detach from the textile surface. The likelihood of microplastic formation increases, especially with high-intensity processing techniques or the use of inferior raw materials. When people wear textiles, body movement and friction cause fibers on the textile surface to gradually wear down and detach, forming microplastic fibers. For example, areas prone to friction, such as cuffs, collars, and trouser hems, are more susceptible to fiber shedding. Simultaneously, during washing machine washing, friction between garments, the impact of water flow, and the action of detergent cause a large number of fibers to detach from clothing, forming microplastic fibers. It is estimated that a single garment can release millions of fibers during a typical household wash. Furthermore, some synthetic fiber garments, such as nylon and polyester, are more prone to generating microplastic fibers during washing due to their fiber structure and properties. When discarded textiles are landfilled, they gradually degrade and break down in the natural environment over time, producing microplastics. These microplastics may enter the soil and water bodies through rainwater runoff, causing pollution. While incineration can reduce the amount of solid waste from textiles, it may produce smoke and ash containing microplastics during the process. If this smoke and ash are not properly disposed of, they can also be released into the environment, causing microplastic pollution.

[0004] Currently, the main methods for detecting microplastics include: visual inspection, microscopy, electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis, pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, laser infrared imaging, and optical photothermal infrared technology. However, some of these detection techniques can only make qualitative judgments, some have low detection sensitivity, and some rely on large laboratory instruments for detection, making it difficult to monitor the pollution distribution and environmental effects of microplastics in the environment in real time.

[0005] Therefore, an integrated intelligent detection device for microplastics is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an integrated intelligent detection device for microplastics.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] This invention provides an integrated intelligent detection device for microplastics, comprising:

[0009] The sample pretreatment module includes a sample mixing module, a filtration and separation module, an enrichment and concentration module, and a surface modification and labeling module that are connected in sequence, which are used to mix, filter, enrich, modify and label the sample in sequence.

[0010] The immunoreaction module includes a fluorescent test strip, a lyophilized anti-polystyrene monoclonal antibody labeled with quantum dot fluorescent microspheres, and a temperature control component, used to perform an immunoreaction between the sample and the lyophilized anti-polystyrene monoclonal antibody labeled with quantum dot fluorescent microspheres;

[0011] The fluorescence detection module is used to detect fluorescence on the test strips after the immune reaction;

[0012] An automated control module is electrically connected to the sample pretreatment module, the immunoassay module, and the fluorescence detection module, and is used to control the operation of each module.

[0013] Preferably, the sample mixing module includes a mixing chamber, a stirring blade, and a mixing motor. The stirring blade is rotatably disposed within the mixing chamber, and the output shaft of the mixing motor is drive-connected to the stirring blade.

[0014] Preferably, the filtration and separation module includes a filter cartridge, a gradient hydrophobic nanopillar array, a microgroove slip trapping channel, a dynamic self-healing conductive layer, and a temperature control module. The filter cartridge has a cylindrical structure, and the upper part of the filter cartridge is connected to the outlet of the mixing chamber.

[0015] The gradient hydrophobic nanopillar array is a first frustum-shaped substrate structure. The first frustum-shaped substrate contains a plurality of first nanopillars. The diameter of the first nanopillars is set from large to small from top to bottom. The inner wall of the first nanopillars is provided with a hydrophobic structure. The gradient hydrophobic nanopillar array is embedded in the filter cartridge.

[0016] The microgroove slip trapping channel is a second frustum-shaped substrate structure. The second frustum-shaped substrate contains several second nanopillars, whose diameters gradually decrease from top to bottom. Multiple microgrooves are formed on the inner wall of each nanopillar along its circumference. These microgrooves are composed of several ascending inclined blocks arranged spirally along the axial direction of the second nanopillars. The microgroove slip trapping channel is coated with a temperature-sensitive hydrogel. The top of the microgroove slip trapping channel is bonded to the bottom of the gradient hydrophobic nanopillar array via plasma treatment.

[0017] The dynamic self-healing conductive layer includes a repair layer, a conductive layer, and a photoresponse layer arranged sequentially from top to bottom. It is used to repair its own mechanical damage through the repair agent of the repair layer and to reorganize the broken grid of the conductive layer through the light of the photoresponse layer. The repair layer, conductive layer, and photoresponse layer are stacked in sequence and then cured into a thin film by ultraviolet light. The film is then attached to the bottom of the microgroove sliding capture channel by flexible silicone.

[0018] The temperature control module includes a temperature control component and a dynamic control component. The temperature control component includes a temperature sensor, a heating and cooling device, and a temperature controller. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the heating and cooling device in real time. The temperature controller is used to control the temperature of the heating and cooling device according to the received signal. The input terminal of the heating and cooling device is electrically connected to the output terminal of the temperature controller and is disposed on the microgroove sliding capture channel to adjust the temperature of the hydrogel on the microgroove sliding capture channel according to the signal from the temperature controller. The output terminal of the dynamic control component is electrically connected to the input terminal of the temperature controller and includes a microgroove controller and a self-healing controller. The microgroove controller is used to control the heating and cooling device to switch between 4℃ and 37℃ through the temperature controller. The self-healing controller includes a 405nm LED array and a heating element. The 405nm LED array is used for photoresponse layer repair, and the heating element is used for secondary molding at 60℃.

[0019] Preferably, the repair layer is a polyurethane layer containing microcapsules, the microcapsules containing hexamethylene diisocyanate repair agent, the conductive layer is a graphene / carbon nanotube conductive mesh for detecting triboelectric signals of microplastics, and the photoresponsive layer is prepared from a dynamic covalent polymer containing anthracene dimers.

[0020] Preferably, the enrichment and concentration module includes a vacuum chamber, a filter membrane placement platform, and a centrifuge. The inlet of the vacuum chamber is connected to the outlet of the filter cartridge. The filter membrane placement platform is rotatably disposed at the lower end of the vacuum chamber. The output shaft of the centrifuge is drivenly connected to the filter membrane placement platform.

[0021] Preferably, the surface modification and labeling module includes a reaction vessel, a sample dispensing needle, and a reagent storage bottle.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] In the anti-fouling enrichment stage, this invention enables organic matter to be repelled by the hydrophobic effect when water flows over the surface of the nanopillars, while microplastics sink into the grooves due to their density difference. By alternating the magnetic field (changing the tilt angle of the nanopillars) and temperature (controlling the roughness of the grooves), dynamic regulation of "repelling interfering substances and selectively capturing target microplastics" is achieved, and the enrichment efficiency is 3 times higher than that of traditional filter membranes.

[0024] In the in-situ detection stage, the captured microplastics generate characteristic voltage signals (e.g., -2.1V for PVC and +1.7V for PET) by sliding in the trench and rubbing against the conductive layer. Combined with infrared thermal imaging (due to differences in frictional heat generation), label-free rapid classification is achieved. The laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) probe is integrated at the end of the trench, which only detects the ignition of the retained target particles, thus reducing energy consumption.

[0025] This invention activates dynamic covalent bond recombination through periodic illumination (405nm LED array) during the self-healing maintenance phase, repairing material aging caused by long-term use. After wear of the grooved and barbed structure, heating to 60°C allows the hydrogel to undergo secondary molding, restoring its microstructure. These treatment methods are highly efficient and retain microplastics to the greatest extent, providing high-quality samples for subsequent testing. Furthermore, the self-healing properties enable it to handle samples from extreme environments, improving testing efficiency and accuracy.

[0026] This invention is equipped with a high-sensitivity time-resolved fluorescence detector and an advanced optical system, which effectively reduces background interference and improves detection sensitivity. It can detect low concentrations of polystyrene microplastics, meeting the needs of environmental monitoring, food safety testing and other applications for detecting low concentration pollutants, and improving detection performance.

[0027] This invention employs an automated control module, connecting a microprocessor to various devices via wiring to achieve automated control of the apparatus. This reduces the tediousness and errors of manual operation, improving work efficiency and detection accuracy. Operation is convenient, with a touchscreen human-machine interface for easy operation. Operators can easily set various parameters such as stirring speed, filtration time, vacuum level, centrifugation speed and time, and sample dosage. Real-time information feedback is provided; the human-machine interface displays the apparatus's operating status in real time, allowing operators to understand the apparatus's working condition and promptly identify potential problems. Simultaneously, a fault alarm function quickly alerts operators when abnormalities occur, facilitating timely problem-solving and reducing downtime and the risk of equipment damage. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the microplastic integrated intelligent detection device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sample pretreatment module in this invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a top view of the gradient hydrophobic nanopillar array in this invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the first nanopillar in this invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the repair layer structure in this invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the conductive layer in this invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photoresponse layer in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "left" and "right" and other terms indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this embodiment provides an integrated intelligent detection device for microplastics, including a sample pretreatment module 1, an immunoassay module 2, a fluorescence detection module 3, and an automated control module. The automated control module includes a microprocessor and a human-machine interface, which is electrically connected to the sample pretreatment module, immunoassay module, and fluorescence detection module to control the operation of each module. The microprocessor is an integrated circuit board installed in a separate control box inside the device. The microprocessor is connected to the motors, solenoid valves, vacuum pumps, and other equipment of each module via wiring to achieve automated control of the device. The human-machine interface is a touchscreen, through which operators can set parameters such as stirring speed, filtration time, vacuum level, centrifugation speed and time, and sample volume. The interface displays the device's operating status and fault alarm information in real time.

[0039] In this embodiment, the sample pretreatment module 1 includes a sample mixing module 11, a filtration and separation module 12, an enrichment and concentration module 13, and a surface modification and labeling module 14 connected in sequence, which are used to mix, filter, enrich, modify and label the sample in sequence.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the sample mixing module 11 includes a mixing chamber 111, a stirring blade 112, and a mixing motor 113. The stirring blade 112 is rotatably disposed within the mixing chamber 111, and the output shaft of the mixing motor 113 is drively connected to the stirring blade 112. By driving the stirring blade to rotate through the mixing motor, the sample within the mixing chamber is thoroughly and effectively mixed.

[0041] In this embodiment, the filtration and separation module is a single module, which solves the efficiency loss problem caused by the separation of filtration, enrichment, and sensing modules in traditional equipment. Moreover, all technologies are based on cross-disciplinary innovative applications of existing materials and have the potential for rapid engineering. The filtration and separation module 12 includes a filter cartridge 121, a gradient hydrophobic nanopillar array 122, a microgroove slip trapping channel 123, a dynamic self-healing conductive layer 124, and a temperature control module 125. The filter cartridge 121 has a cylindrical structure, and the upper part of the filter cartridge 121 is connected to the outlet of the mixing chamber 111.

[0042] like Figure 3As shown, the gradient hydrophobic nanopillar array 122 is a first frustum-shaped substrate structure. A plurality of first nanopillars are disposed within the first frustum-shaped substrate. The diameter of the first nanopillars gradually decreases from top to bottom. Hydrophobic structures are provided on the inner walls of the first nanopillars. The gradient hydrophobic nanopillar array 122 is embedded within the filter cartridge 121. The hydrophobic structure can be a lotus leaf surface hydrophobic structure or other existing hydrophobic structures, without specific limitations. A first frustum-shaped nanopillar template (with grooves matching the hydrophobic structure on its surface) is fabricated on a silicon wafer using electron beam lithography or laser etching technology. A polydimethylsiloxane substrate material and magnetic nanoparticles (such as Fe3O4) are mixed at a weight ratio of 10:1 and injected into the template cavity. After high-temperature curing, the template is demolded, thus forming a gradient hydrophobic nanopillar array doped with magnetic particles. A fluorosilane coating is then applied to reduce surface energy and enhance hydrophobicity.

[0043] like Figure 6 As shown, the microgroove slip trapping channel 123 is a second frustum-shaped substrate structure. The second frustum-shaped substrate contains several second nanopillars, whose diameters gradually decrease from top to bottom. Multiple microgrooves are formed on the inner wall of each nanopillar along its circumference. These microgrooves are composed of several rising inclined blocks arranged spirally along the axial direction of the second nanopillars. The inner wall of the microgroove slip trapping channel 123 is coated with a thermosensitive hydrogel. The top of the microgroove slip trapping channel 123 is bonded to the bottom of the gradient hydrophobic nanopillar array 122 via plasma treatment. A second frustum-shaped nanopillar template (with grooves matching the rising inclined blocks on its surface) is fabricated on a silicon wafer using electron beam lithography or laser etching. A polydimethylsiloxane substrate material is mixed with magnetic nanoparticles (such as Fe3O4) at a weight ratio of 10:1 and injected into the template cavity. After high-temperature curing, the template is demolded to form the microgroove slip trapping channel. A fluorosilane coating is then applied to reduce surface energy and enhance hydrophobicity.

[0044] The dynamic self-healing conductive layer 124 is used to repair its own mechanical damage (such as material fracture caused by scratches or cracks) by releasing a repair agent through the repair layer, and to reorganize the broken mesh of the conductive layer through light irradiation of the light-responsive layer. Figures 5 to 7As shown, the dynamic self-healing conductive layer 124 includes a repair layer 1241, a conductive layer 1242, and a photoresponsive layer 1243 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The repair layer 1241, conductive layer 1242, and photoresponsive layer 1243 are stacked sequentially and then cured into a single film using ultraviolet light. This film is then attached to the bottom of the microgroove sliding capture channel 123 using flexible silicone. The repair layer 1241 is a polyurethane layer containing microcapsules, with hexamethylene diisocyanate as a repair agent within the microcapsules. The conductive layer 1242 is a graphene / carbon nanotube conductive mesh used for detecting triboelectric signals from microplastics. The photoresponsive layer 1243 is prepared from a dynamic covalent polymer containing anthracene dimers. Its self-healing properties make it suitable for extreme environments containing complex media such as oily wastewater and high-salt seawater. Furthermore, due to the small size and portability of the composite membrane, it can be made into a wristband sampler for real-time monitoring of microplastic exposure in personal drinking water.

[0045] In this embodiment, the temperature control module 125 is used to control the temperature of the filter separation module and the photoresponse layer. The temperature control module 125 includes a temperature control component and a dynamic control component. The temperature control component includes a temperature sensor, a heating and cooling device, and a temperature controller. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the heating and cooling device in real time. The temperature controller is used to control the temperature of the heating and cooling device according to the received signal. The input terminal of the heating and cooling device (electric heating element and semiconductor cooler) is electrically connected to the output terminal of the temperature controller, and it is disposed on the microgroove sliding capture channel. It is used to adjust the temperature of the hydrogel on the microgroove sliding capture channel according to the signal from the temperature controller, thereby performing the following temperature control on the hydrogel:

[0046] (1) 4℃ low temperature state: hydrogel expands, the inner wall of the groove is smooth, which promotes the rapid sliding of microplastics into the detection area;

[0047] (2) 37℃ high temperature state: the hydrogel shrinks, exposing the barb structure, selectively capturing target microplastics (such as PE fibers);

[0048] (3) 60℃ repair temperature: heating causes the hydrogel to be re-formed and restores the microstructure of the groove.

[0049] The output of the dynamic control component is electrically connected to the input of the temperature controller. It includes a microgroove controller and a self-healing controller. The microgroove controller is used to switch the heating and cooling devices between 4°C and 37°C via the temperature controller, thereby changing the state of the hydrogel. The self-healing controller includes a 405nm LED array and a heating element. The 405nm LED array is used for repairing the photoresponsive layer, and the heating element is used for secondary molding at 60°C. Damage to the conductive layer is repaired through photoactivated dynamic covalent bond recombination (no direct temperature control, but requires coordination with heating).

[0050] In this embodiment, the enrichment and concentration module 13 includes a vacuum chamber 131, a filter membrane placement platform 132, and a centrifuge 133. The inlet of the vacuum chamber 131 is connected to the outlet of the filter cartridge 121. The filter membrane placement platform 132 is rotatably disposed at the lower end of the vacuum chamber 131. The output shaft of the centrifuge 133 is drive-connected to the filter membrane placement platform 132. The vacuum chamber is a sealed container, with a vacuum pipe connected to the top. An internal air pump is used to extract air and reduce pressure. The filter membrane placement platform is used to place the filter membrane for retaining nanoplastics. The platform surface has grooves to ensure a tight fit of the filter membrane and prevent solution leakage. The centrifuge has multiple centrifuge tube slots. The centrifuge tubes are made of high-strength plastic material and are adapted to the filter membrane size. The centrifuge speed and time are set by an automated control module.

[0051] In this embodiment, the surface modification and labeling module 14 includes a reaction container, a sampling needle, and reagent storage bottles. The reaction container is a glass container connected to the outlet of the enrichment and concentration module, and has a sealing cap to prevent solution evaporation. The sampling needle is made of high-precision stainless steel and can accurately aspirate and add modifying agents and labeled solutions. Multiple reagent storage bottles are neatly arranged on one side of the device, storing different colorimetric agents, labeled antibodies, and other reagents. The storage bottles are connected to the sampling needle via pipes, and the pipes have solenoid valves to control the reagent flow rate.

[0052] In this embodiment, the immunoreaction module 2 includes a fluorescent test strip, a lyophilized anti-polystyrene monoclonal antibody labeled with quantum dot fluorescent microspheres, and a temperature control component. This component is used to perform an immunoreaction with the sample and the lyophilized anti-polystyrene monoclonal antibody labeled with quantum dot fluorescent microspheres, maintaining a stable reaction environment of 37°C to ensure the immunoreaction proceeds under optimal conditions. The fluorescence detection module 3 is used to detect the fluorescence of the test strip after the immunoreaction. The anti-polystyrene monoclonal antibody in the lyophilized anti-polystyrene monoclonal antibody is secreted by the hybridoma cell line PS-17. The accession number of the hybridoma cell line PS-17 is CCTCC NO: C2024145, the accession date is May 10, 2024, and the depositary institution is the China Center for Type Culture Collection, located at 299 Bayi Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, within the campus of Wuhan University.

[0053] The fluorescence detection module is equipped with existing high-sensitivity time-resolved fluorescence detectors, such as the time-resolved fluorescence microplate reader manufactured by BMG LABTECH and the high-precision ATP fluorescence detector from Ningbo Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. It can rapidly and accurately detect the fluorescence intensity of the test line (T) and control line (C) on the fluorescence immunochromatographic test strip. Employing an advanced optical system, it effectively reduces background interference and improves detection sensitivity and accuracy. Detection data is transmitted to the data processing module in real time for subsequent analysis.

[0054] The working principle of this embodiment will be further explained below:

[0055] Instrument Assembly: Assemble the sample pretreatment module 1, immunoassay module 2, fluorescence detection module 3, and automation control module 4 according to the design requirements, ensuring tight connections and normal communication between the modules. During the assembly process, each module undergoes rigorous debugging and calibration to guarantee the instrument's stable and reliable performance.

[0056] Reagent preparation: Prepare lyophilized quantum dot fluorescent microsphere-labeled anti-polystyrene monoclonal antibody and fill it into sample reaction vials. Prepare sample dilution buffer, coating buffer, blocking buffer, and other reagents, and store them in their respective storage containers to ensure reagent quality and stability.

[0057] Liquid sample detection: Pour the liquid sample into the sample input port of the sample processing module. The instrument automatically centrifuges at 17000×g for 3 minutes to separate the supernatant. The supernatant is then transported to the reaction module via the automatic sample introduction system and mixed with the lyophilized anti-polystyrene monoclonal antibody labeled with quantum dot fluorescent microspheres in the sample reaction bottle. The mixture is reacted at 37℃ for 6-10 minutes. After the reaction is complete, insert the fluorescent test strip into the reaction module. Once the reaction is finished, send the test strip into the detection instrument for fluorescence intensity detection.

[0058] Solid and semi-solid sample detection: Place the solid or semi-solid sample into the sample processing chamber of the sample processing module, add an appropriate amount of digestion reagent, and process according to the preset digestion program. After digestion, obtain the microplastic sample through steps such as filtration and extraction, and then dilute it to the appropriate concentration with sample diluent. Transfer the diluted sample to the reaction module, and subsequent operations are the same as for liquid sample detection.

[0059] Data Processing and Result Output: The fluorescence detection module transmits the detected fluorescence intensity data to the data processing module, displays the T / C value, and calculates the concentration of polystyrene microplastics in the sample based on the built-in standard curve. Users can view the detection results on the data processing module's display screen or export the data to an external storage device.

[0060] (1) This embodiment compares microplastic in-situ characterization techniques (such as the mIRage system).

[0061] Process efficiency: The mIRage system relies on non-contact submicron infrared Raman simultaneous analysis, which eliminates the need for complex sample preparation (direct filtering before analysis). However, it only characterizes already enriched samples and lacks an automated pretreatment module. This design covers the entire process from mixing and filtering to detection, with a single sample processing time of less than 30 minutes, making it more suitable for batch detection needs.

[0062] Application scenarios: mIRage is suitable for scientific research-grade in-situ chemical analysis (such as the identification of microplastics in brain tissue), while this device focuses more on the rapid screening and quantitative detection of environmental and biological samples.

[0063] (2) This embodiment compares the carbon nanofilm detection equipment.

[0064] Functional Integration: Zhongneng Hydrogen's carbon nanofilm detection equipment focuses on the convenience of temperature detection (such as quick assembly and disassembly of hydraulic push rods), but its function is limited, only targeting material performance testing. This device integrates multiple module functions (such as surface modification and immune reaction), supporting simultaneous analysis of the chemical properties and biotoxicity of nanoplastics.

[0065] Intelligence level: Carbon nanotube devices have not yet integrated automated control and intelligent data analysis functions, while this design uses an ARM Cortex-M7 microprocessor to achieve multi-task scheduling and pre-set standardized detection protocols to reduce operational complexity.

[0066] (3) This embodiment is compared with traditional visual inspection equipment.

[0067] Detection Dimensions: Machine vision inspection equipment (such as for detecting surface defects in rubber and plastic parts) relies on optical imaging and is suitable for macroscopic morphological analysis, but it cannot detect the chemical composition of nanoscale plastics. This device uses fluorescence immunochromatography combined with specific antibody labeling to achieve molecular-level identification of nanoscale plastics.

[0068] Sensitivity and anti-interference capability: Traditional vision devices are easily affected by light and background noise, while this design uses time-resolved fluorescence technology to effectively shield short-lived background fluorescence by delaying signal acquisition, thus significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0069] (4) This embodiment compares the synchrotron radiation nanomaterial testing device.

[0070] Cost and portability: Synchrotron radiation devices (such as in-situ vapor phase growth testing) rely on large equipment and high-energy radiation sources, requiring a specialized laboratory environment. This device is compact, suitable for routine laboratory or field testing, and is more cost-effective.

[0071] Target of detection: Synchrotron radiation technology is mainly used for material structure analysis (such as phase transition processes), while this design is aimed at the biocompatibility and toxicity assessment of nanoplastics, thus the application scenarios are complementary.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microplastic integrated intelligent detection device, characterized in that, include: The sample pretreatment module (1) includes a sample mixing module (11), a filtration and separation module (12), an enrichment and concentration module (13), and a surface modification and labeling module (14) connected in sequence, which are used to mix, filter, enrich, modify and label the sample in sequence. The filtration and separation module (12) includes a filter cartridge (121), a gradient hydrophobic nanopillar array (122), a microgroove sliding trapping channel (123), a dynamic self-healing conductive layer (124), and a temperature control module (125). The filter cartridge (121) is a cylindrical structure, and the upper part of the filter cartridge (121) is connected to the outlet of the mixing chamber (111). The gradient hydrophobic nanopillar array (122) is a first frustum-shaped substrate structure, in which a plurality of first nanopillars are provided. The diameter of the first nanopillars is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the inner wall of the first nanopillars is provided with a hydrophobic structure. The gradient hydrophobic nanopillar array (122) is embedded in the filter cartridge (121). The microgroove sliding trapping channel (123) is a second frustum-shaped substrate structure, in which the diameter of the first nanopillars gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the inner wall of the first nanopillars is provided with a hydrophobic structure. The gradient hydrophobic nanopillar array (122) is embedded in the filter cartridge (121). A plurality of second nanopillars are provided in a frustum-shaped substrate. The diameter of the second nanopillars is set from top to bottom in a gradually decreasing manner. Multiple microgrooves are provided on the inner wall and circumferential direction of the second nanopillars. The microgrooves are composed of a plurality of rising inclined blocks and are spirally arranged along the axial direction of the second nanopillars. The microgroove sliding trapping channel (123) is coated with a thermosensitive hydrogel. The top of the microgroove sliding trapping channel (123) is bonded to the bottom of the gradient hydrophobic nanopillar array (122) by plasma treatment. The dynamic self-healing conductive layer (124) includes a repair layer (1241), a conductive layer (1242), and a photoresponse layer (1243) arranged sequentially from top to bottom. It is used to repair its own mechanical damage by releasing a repair agent through the repair layer, and to reorganize the grid fracture of the conductive layer by the light of the photoresponse layer. The immune reaction module (2) includes a fluorescent test strip, a lyophilized anti-polystyrene monoclonal antibody labeled with quantum dot fluorescent microspheres, and a temperature control component, which is used to perform an immune reaction between the sample and the lyophilized anti-polystyrene monoclonal antibody labeled with quantum dot fluorescent microspheres. The fluorescence detection module (3) is used to perform fluorescence detection on the test strip after the immune reaction; An automated control module is electrically connected to the sample pretreatment module, the immunoassay module, and the fluorescence detection module, and is used to control the operation of each module.

2. The integrated intelligent detection device for microplastics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sample mixing module (11) includes a mixing chamber (111), a stirring blade (112), and a mixing motor (113). The stirring blade (112) is rotatably disposed in the mixing chamber (111), and the output shaft of the mixing motor (113) is connected to the stirring blade (112) for transmission.

3. The integrated intelligent detection device for microplastics according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temperature control module (125) includes a temperature control component and a dynamic control component. The temperature control component includes a temperature sensor, a heating and cooling device, and a temperature controller. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the heating and cooling device in real time. The temperature controller is used to control the temperature of the heating and cooling device according to the received signal. The input end of the heating and cooling device is electrically connected to the output end of the temperature controller and is disposed on the microgroove sliding capture channel. It is used to adjust the temperature of the hydrogel on the microgroove sliding capture channel according to the signal of the temperature controller. The output end of the dynamic control component is electrically connected to the input end of the temperature controller and includes a microgroove controller and a self-healing controller. The microgroove controller is used to control the heating and cooling device to switch between 4℃ and 37℃ through the temperature controller. The self-healing controller includes a 405 nm LED array and a heating element. The 405 nm LED array is used for photoresponse layer repair, and the heating element is used for secondary molding at 60℃.

4. The integrated intelligent detection device for microplastics according to claim 3, characterized in that, The repair layer (1241) is a polyurethane layer containing microcapsules, the microcapsules containing hexamethylene diisocyanate repair agent; the conductive layer (1242) is a graphene / carbon nanotube conductive mesh used for detecting triboelectric signals of microplastics; the photoresponsive layer (1243) is prepared from a dynamic covalent polymer containing anthracene dimer.

5. The integrated intelligent detection device for microplastics according to claim 4, characterized in that, The enrichment and concentration module (13) includes a vacuum chamber (131), a filter membrane placement platform (132), and a centrifuge (133). The inlet of the vacuum chamber (131) is connected to the outlet of the filter cartridge (121). The filter membrane placement platform (132) is rotatably disposed at the lower end of the vacuum chamber (131). The output shaft of the centrifuge (133) is connected to the filter membrane placement platform (132) via a transmission.

6. The integrated intelligent detection device for microplastics according to claim 5, characterized in that, The surface modification and labeling module (14) includes a reaction vessel, a sample dispensing needle, and a reagent storage bottle.

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