Fish behavior research system and fish behavior research simulation method

Abstract

The application discloses a fish behavior research system and a fish behavior research simulation method, and relates to the field of fish behavior analysis in a fishway. The fish behavior research system comprises a pool, an observation room and an environment detection mechanism. The pool can be used for fish swimming. A water flow accelerating device is arranged in the pool to provide power for water flow. The observation room is arranged in the pool. A fish passing channel is arranged in the observation room along the water flow direction to be used by fish. An observation structure is further arranged in the observation room. The environment detection mechanism is arranged in the pool to detect the environmental parameters of water flow in the pool, so as to deeply study fish ecological behavior, thereby assisting in evaluating the actual effect of the fish passing channel. The fish behavior research simulation method provided by the application can know the influence of environmental parameters on fish behavior, provide a scientific and reasonable scheme for optimization and operation management of the fish passing channel, and improve the fish protection effect and the ecological benefit of the water conservancy project.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fish behavior analysis in fishway, in particular to a fish behavior research system and a fish behavior research simulation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, large-scale water conservancy hubs have built fishways, fish elevators and other fish passing facilities to reduce the impact on fish migration. Although the construction of fish passing facilities has made some progress, there are still deficiencies in the monitoring and management of operation effect, and the monitoring of key indicators such as fish passing efficiency and fish behavior is not comprehensive and in-depth, making it difficult to accurately assess the actual effect of fish passing facilities. Although there are fish behavior research devices in fishways in the prior art, the information collected by the existing devices only focuses on the collection of video / photo information, and ignores the influence of environmental factors such as water flow, water temperature and pH value on fish swimming behavior, which is not conducive to in-depth study of fish ecology behavior, resulting in large evaluation error of fish passing channels. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a fish behavior research system and a fish behavior research simulation method, which can detect environmental parameters in a water pool to conduct in-depth study of fish ecology behavior, thereby assisting in evaluating the actual effect of fish passing channels to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present application provides a fish behavior research system, which comprises a water pool, an observation chamber and an environment detection mechanism. The water pool can be used for fish swimming. A water flow accelerating device is arranged in the water pool to provide flow power for the water flow in the water pool. The observation chamber is arranged in the water pool. A fish passing channel is arranged in the observation chamber along the direction of water flow to allow fish to pass through. The observation chamber has an observation structure for observing the behavior of fish in the fish passing channel. The environment detection mechanism is arranged in the water pool and can detect the environmental parameters of the water flow in the water pool.

[0006] In some embodiments, the observation chamber is detachably arranged in the water pool, so that the observation chamber can be adjusted to be close to or away from the water flow accelerating device.

[0007] In some embodiments, the observation structure is a multimedia collection device arranged on an inner wall or an outer wall of the observation side of the fish passage, and the observation side is made of transparent material; the multimedia collection device is capable of collecting fish behavior state data inside the fish passage; a side wall of the fish passage is provided with a first background plate capable of providing a collection background color for the fish; or, a front side of the side wall of the fish passage is detachably provided with a first background plate capable of providing a collection background color for the fish; and the first background plate is provided with a first scale capable of indicating a water level height of the fish in the fish passage.

[0008] In some embodiments, the fish behavior research system further comprises an analysis device in communication connection with the multimedia collection device and the environment detection mechanism, and the analysis device is capable of receiving and analyzing the fish behavior state data and the environmental parameters; the environmental parameters include one or more of temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and water flow velocity.

[0009] In some embodiments, the width of the observation chamber is smaller than the width of the pool, so as to form a water passage between at least one side of the observation chamber and the pool, and the water passage is capable of making the water flow velocities of the inner and outer regions of the fish passage consistent; both ends of the water passage are respectively provided with a water passage plate, and any one of the water passage plates is flush with or protrudes outwardly from the corresponding end opening of the fish passage, and the water passage plate is capable of intercepting fish from entering the water passage.

[0010] In some embodiments, the observation chamber further comprises a first grid plate and a second grid plate, and both the first grid plate and the second grid plate are detachably arranged in the fish passage, and one of the first grid plate and the second grid plate is close to the entrance of the fish passage, and the other is close to the exit of the fish passage, so as to intercept the fish in the fish passage and limit the activity range of the fish.

[0011] In some embodiments, the observation chamber further comprises a second background plate, which is detachably arranged on the front side of the first background plate according to the viewing range of the multimedia collection device, so as to provide a collection background color for the fish in the fish passage; and the second background plate is provided with a second scale capable of indicating a water level height of the fish in the fish passage.

[0012] In some embodiments, the observation chamber further comprises an openable and closable top cover, a light intensity detection device and a supplementary light, the light intensity detection device is arranged inside the fish passage and is capable of detecting the brightness inside the fish passage; and the supplementary light is arranged on a side of the top cover facing the fish passage, and the supplementary light is capable of supplementing light in the fish passage according to the detection value of the light intensity detection device.

[0013] In some embodiments, the pool is a ring-shaped pool, which comprises two symmetrical straight flow channels and two symmetrical arc-shaped flow channels, the two arc-shaped flow channels are respectively arranged at two ends of the two straight flow channels, and the openings of the two arc-shaped flow channels are oppositely arranged, and the two ends of any one of the arc-shaped flow channels are respectively connected with the end portions of the two straight flow channels; at least one of the straight flow channels is provided with the observation chamber; the environmental detection mechanism is arranged in the arc-shaped flow channel; and the pool is further provided with an aeration device, which is arranged in the arc-shaped flow channel and used for aerating the ring-shaped pool.

[0014] The application further provides a fish behavior research simulation method implemented by using the fish behavior research system, which comprises the following steps: observing fish behaviors in the fish passage under the condition that water flows in the pool to obtain fish behavior state data; detecting the environmental parameters of the water flow in the pool by the environmental detection mechanism; collecting, recording and analyzing the fish behavior state data and the environmental parameters.

[0015] The application has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0016] The fish behavior research system can be used for in-depth research on fish ethology by observing fish behaviors through the observation chamber, detecting environmental parameters of water flow in the pool through the environmental detection mechanism, and analyzing the correlation between fish behavior data and environmental parameters, and can be used for analyzing fish behavior patterns and ecological demands, thereby assisting in evaluating the actual effect of the fish passage, providing a scientific and reasonable scheme for the design and operation management of the fish passage in actual water conservancy projects, and improving fish protection effect and ecological benefits of water conservancy projects.

[0017] The fish behavior research simulation method implemented by using the fish behavior research system can be used for in-depth research on fish ethology by observing fish behaviors through the observation chamber, obtaining fish behavior state data, and analyzing the correlation between fish behavior state data and environmental parameters, and can be used for analyzing fish behavior patterns and ecological demands, thereby assisting in evaluating the actual effect of the fish passage, providing a scientific and reasonable scheme for the optimization and operation management of the fish passage, and improving fish protection effect and ecological benefits of water conservancy projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort.

[0019] Fig. 1 The overall structure schematic diagram of the fish behavior research system in Example 1 provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0020] Fig. 2 The exploded view of the fish behavior research system in Example 1 provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0021] Fig. 3 The exploded view of the observation room in Example 1 provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0022] In the figure: 100-fish behavior research system; 1-water pool; 11-water flow accelerating device; 12-aeration device; 13-water inlet pipe; 14-water outlet pipe; 2-observation room; 21-fish passage; 22-Gopro camera; 221-fixing structure; 23-water passing plate; 24-first grid plate; 25-second grid plate; 251-grid plate limiting mechanism; 26-second background plate; 27-top cover; 28-light supplementing lamp; 3-environment detection mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] The purpose of the present application is to provide a fish behavior research system and a fish behavior research simulation method, which can detect the environmental parameters in the water pool to conduct in-depth research on fish ethology, thereby assisting in evaluating the actual effect of the fish passage to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, characteristics and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application and the specific embodiments. Figs. 1-3 and the specific embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] The present embodiment provides a fish behavior research system 100, which is shown in the figure. Figs. 1-3, including a pool 1, an observation chamber 2 and an environmental detection mechanism 3, the pool 1 can be used for fish swimming, and a water flow accelerating device 11 is arranged in the pool 1 to provide flow power for the water flow in the pool 1; the observation chamber 2 is arranged in the pool 1, and a fish passing channel 21 arranged along the water flow direction is arranged in the observation chamber 2 to allow fish to pass through; the observation chamber 2 has an observation structure capable of observing the behavior of fish in the fish passing channel 21; the environmental detection mechanism 3 is arranged in the pool 1 and can detect the environmental parameters of the water flow in the pool 1. By arranging the observation chamber 2 and the environmental detection mechanism 3, observing the behavior of fish through the observation chamber 2, detecting the water flow in the pool 1 through the environmental detection mechanism 3 to obtain environmental parameters, and analyzing the correlation between fish behavior data and environmental parameters, the ecological behavior of fish can be studied in depth, the behavior pattern and ecological demand of fish can be analyzed, and the actual effect of the fish passing channel 21 can be evaluated, thereby providing a scientific and reasonable scheme for the design and operation management of the fish passing channel 21 in the actual water conservancy project, improving the fish protection effect and the ecological benefit of the water conservancy project. The environmental parameters include one or more of temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and water flow velocity. In the embodiment, the water flow accelerating device 11 is a circulating water pump, and in other embodiments, the water flow accelerating device 11 can also be other devices capable of providing flow power for the water flow in the pool 1.

[0028] In some embodiments, with reference to Figs. 1-3 The observation chamber 2 is detachably arranged in the pool 1, so that the observation chamber 2 can be adjusted to be close to or away from the water flow accelerating device 11. By arranging the detachable observation chamber 2, the observation chamber 2 can be adjusted to be close to or away from the water flow accelerating device 11, the position of the observation chamber 2 can be adjusted according to the specific experimental needs, the use of the fish behavior research system 100 is more flexible, and different experimental conditions can be adapted to. At the same time, due to the generation of bubbles downstream of the water flow accelerating device 11 under a large water flow velocity, the position of the observation chamber 2 can be moved away from the bubble generation position to more clearly observe the behavior of fish, thereby facilitating the research on fish behavior.

[0029] In some embodiments, with reference to Figs. 1-3, the observation structure is a multimedia collection device arranged on the inner wall or outer wall of the observation side of the fish passage 21, and the observation side is made of transparent material; the multimedia collection device can collect fish behavior state data inside the fish passage 21; the side wall of the fish passage 21 is provided with a first background plate capable of providing a collection background color for fish; or, a first background plate capable of providing a collection background color for fish is detachably arranged on the front side of the side wall of the fish passage 21, and the first background plate is preferably arranged opposite and parallel to the observation side of the fish passage 21; and a first scale capable of indicating the water level of fish in the fish passage 21 is arranged on the first background plate. In this embodiment, the multimedia collection device is a Gopro camera 22 arranged on the outer wall of the observation side of the fish passage 21. In other embodiments, the Gopro camera 22 can be arranged on the inner wall of the observation side of the fish passage 21, or on the inner wall of the observation room 2 outside the fish passage 21, or other positions. In other embodiments, the multimedia collection device can also use other multimedia collection devices with photographing, video recording functions and wide-angle adjustment. In other embodiments, the experimenter can stand on the observation side to observe and count the fish passing efficiency of the fish passage 21 by the naked eye. In this embodiment, the fish passage 21 is a simple straight passage, and in other embodiments, the fish passage 21 can also be provided with other structures such as baffles and weir grooves to better simulate the structure of the actual fish passage facility, and the fish passage 21 can be adjusted according to the behavior of fish to make the design of the fish passage 21 more in line with the natural habits of fish. By arranging the first background plate with the first scale and cooperating with the multimedia collection device, the fish behavior state data with the first background plate as the background can be conveniently collected by means of photographing or video recording, and the fish behavior state data in this embodiment is specifically the water layer distribution, swimming speed, and residence time of fish, which can be used for analyzing fish behavior and providing scientific and reasonable schemes for the design and operation management of the fish passage 21 in actual water conservancy projects. In order to realize omnidirectional and full-angle image and video collection inside the fish passage 21, the Gopro camera 22 is movably connected to the outer wall of the fish passage 21 by a mounting structure in this embodiment, and the mounting structure includes a fixing structure 221, a waterproof shell, and a magnetic mounting plate. The fixing structure 221 is matched with the shape of the Gopro camera 22 body, is sleeved on the outside of the Gopro camera 22, and exposes the camera on the surface of the fixing structure 221 for shooting. The fixing structure 221 is arranged on the inner side of the waterproof shell, and the waterproof shell is made of transparent material. The outer side of the fixing structure 221 is in interference fit with the inner cavity of the waterproof shell, so that the fixing structure 221 and the waterproof shell will not relatively displace. The magnetic mounting plate is fixed on one side of the waterproof shell and cooperates with the magnet to fix the waterproof shell on the outer wall of the observation side of the fish passage 21 or the inner wall of the observation room 2.In other embodiments, the waterproof shell can also be fixed on the observation side wall of the fish passage 21 or the inner wall of the observation chamber 2 through the fixing support and the suction cup at the tail end of the fixing support. In other embodiments, a plurality of Gopro cameras 22 arranged in an array along the side wall of the fish passage 21 can also be provided. In this embodiment, the bottom of the fish passage 21 and the surface of the first background plate are both attached with transparent frosted film to reduce reflection interference in the optical imaging process, while highlighting the outline and features of the target fish.

[0030] In some embodiments, referring to Figs. 1-3 The fish behavior research system 100 also includes an analysis device, which is in communication connection with the multimedia acquisition device and the environment detection mechanism 3. The analysis device can receive and analyze fish behavior state data and environmental parameters. The environmental parameters include one or more of temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration, and water flow speed. By setting the analysis device, the analysis device is in communication connection with the multimedia acquisition device and the environment detection mechanism 3, existing visual detection algorithms can be used, and in this embodiment, a YOLO series computer vision detection model is used to analyze the obtained image and video data, extract the water layer distribution, swimming speed, and residence time of the fish, and classify and identify them. This saves time and effort for manual identification, improves identification accuracy, and through the analysis of the correlation between fish behavior data and environmental parameters by the analysis device, in-depth research on fish ethology can be conducted, the behavior patterns and ecological needs of fish can be analyzed, and the actual effect of the fish passage 21 can be evaluated. This provides a scientific and reasonable solution for the design and operation management of the fish passage 21 in actual water conservancy projects, improves fish protection effect and ecological benefits of water conservancy projects. In this embodiment, the analysis device is specifically a computer installed with analysis software based on the YOLO series computer vision detection model. In this embodiment, the environment detection mechanism 3 is provided with a temperature sensor, a pH sensor, a dissolved oxygen probe, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, and a water flow speed sensor.

[0031] In some embodiments, referring to Figs. 1-3, the width of the observation chamber 2 is less than the width of the pool 1 to form a water passage between at least one side of the observation chamber 2 and the pool 1, the water passage can make the water flow rate inside and outside the fish passage 21 consistent; the water passage is provided with a water passing plate 23 at both ends, and the water passing plate 23 at any end is flush with or protrudes outward from the corresponding end opening of the fish passage 21, and the water passing plate 23 can intercept fish from entering the water passage. By providing the water passing plate 23 at both ends of the fish passage 21, the water flow is allowed to pass through, so that the water flow rate will not increase due to the sudden reduction of the flow cross section when the water flow enters the fish passage 21, and the stability of the water flow rate in the pool can be maintained to improve the reliability of the experimental data. Specifically, the water passing plate 23 is uniformly provided with water passing holes, and the area of the water passing holes is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the fish to avoid the fish passing through the water passing holes. In addition, the density of the water passing holes of the water passing plate 23 should be set to a density that has little effect on the water flow, which needs to be determined according to the actual water flow rate. Fig. 1 , the water passing plate 23 protrudes outward from the fish passage 21, and the water passing plate 23 is arranged obliquely, but the water passing plate 23 located at the inlet opening of the fish passage 21 is inclined from outside to inside, so that the water flow cross section has a gradual reduction buffer process during the water flow into the fish passage 21. The water passing plate 23 located at the outlet opening of the fish passage 21 is inclined from inside to outside, so that the water flow cross section has a gradual increase buffer process during the water flow out of the fish passage 21. The obliquely arranged water passing plate 23 not only has the function of guiding the fish, but also has the function of buffering the water flow rate, avoiding the sudden change of the water flow rate at both ends of the fish passage 21 affecting the behavior of the fish in the fish passage 21. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 , the fish passage 21 is provided with a water passage on both sides, two water passing plates 23 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inlet opening of the fish passage 21, a horn-shaped channel is formed between the two water passing plates 23, and the small end of the horn-shaped channel is connected with the inlet end of the fish passage 21. Correspondingly, two water passing plates 23 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outlet opening of the fish passage 21, a horn-shaped channel is formed between the two water passing plates 23, and the small end of the horn-shaped channel is connected with the outlet end of the fish passage 21.

[0032] In some embodiments, reference Figs. 1-3The observation chamber 2 further comprises a first mesh plate 24 and a second mesh plate 25, both of which are detachably arranged in the fish passage 21, and one of the first mesh plate 24 and the second mesh plate 25 is close to the entrance of the fish passage 21, and the other is close to the exit of the fish passage 21. The mesh holes of the first mesh plate 24 and the second mesh plate 25 only allow water flow to pass through, and do not allow fish to pass through, so as to intercept the fish in the fish passage 21 and limit the activity range of the fish. By arranging the first mesh plate 24 and the second mesh plate 25, a space for observing the behavior of fish is isolated in the observation chamber 2, which avoids the random behavior of fish caused by free swimming, and makes the photos and videos collected by the Gopro camera 22 more reliable. At the same time, the first mesh plate 24 and the second mesh plate 25 are used to fix the activity range of the fish, which can simulate the hydraulic characteristics of a single section in the fish passage 21 and refine the study of the response of fish to different designs. In the embodiment, the fish passage 21 further comprises a mesh plate limiting mechanism 251, which limits the position of the first mesh plate 24 and the second mesh plate 25, avoids the movement of the first mesh plate 24 and the second mesh plate 25 in the experiment, and interferes with the behavior of the fish, so that the experimental results are more reliable. In the embodiment, the mesh plate limiting mechanism 251 is arranged at the bottom of the fish passage 21, and a plurality of grooves are uniformly arranged on the mesh plate limiting mechanism 251. Any one of the grooves can be clamped with the first mesh plate 24 or the second mesh plate 25 in the thickness direction, so as to fix the position of the first mesh plate 24 or the second mesh plate 25 relative to the fish passage 21. Meanwhile, a clamping structure fixed to the top wall of the fish passage 21 can be arranged on the top of the first mesh plate 24 and the top of the second mesh plate 25, so as to make the first mesh plate 24 and the second mesh plate 25 more fixed.

[0033] In some embodiments, reference is made to Figs. 1-3The observation chamber 2 further comprises a second background plate 26, which is detachably arranged in front of the first background plate according to the field of view of the multimedia acquisition device, so as to provide a collection background color for the fish in the fish passage 21. The second background plate 26 is provided with a second scale capable of indicating the water level of the fish in the fish passage 21. The second background plate 26 is located between the first grid plate 24 and the second grid plate 25. When the wide-angle of the Gopro camera 22 is large, or when the distance between the first grid plate 24 and the second grid plate 25 is small, the first grid plate 24 and the second grid plate 25 will appear in the field of view of the Gopro camera 22. By arranging the second background plate 26, the fish moving in the fish passage 21 can be pushed towards the Gopro camera 22, so as to ensure that the field of view of the Gopro camera 22 only exists the second background plate 26, and avoid other devices from interfering with the imaging of the Gopro camera 22. When the wide-angle of the Gopro camera 22 is small, or when the distance between the first grid plate 24 and the second grid plate 25 is large, the second background plate 26 can be detached to normally obtain the photos and videos under the first background plate. In the embodiment, the first background plate and the second background plate 26 are separately arranged. In some other embodiments, the first background plate and the second background plate 26 can be integrated into one background plate. By arranging the integrated background plate as an adjustable structure, the above-mentioned effect of assisting the imaging of the Gopro camera 22 can also be achieved.

[0034] In some embodiments, reference is made to Figs. 1-3The observation chamber 2 further comprises an openable and closable top cover 27, a light intensity detection device and a light supplement lamp 28. The light intensity detection device is arranged inside the fish passage 21 and can detect the brightness inside the fish passage 21. The light supplement lamp 28 is arranged on the side of the top cover 27 facing the fish passage 21, and the light supplement lamp 28 can supplement light in the fish passage 21 according to the detection value of the light intensity detection device. By arranging the top cover 27, the internal structure of the observation chamber 2 can be adjusted when the top cover 27 is opened to adapt to different experimental conditions, and the top of the observation chamber 2 can be closed when the top cover 27 is closed to avoid interference with the behavior of fish during the experiment, so that the collected pictures and videos are more reliable and have repeatability. In the present embodiment, the top cover 27 is preferably hinged to the top wall of the observation chamber 2, and a handle is further arranged on the outside of the top cover 27 to facilitate the opening of the top cover 27 by the experimenter. By arranging the light intensity detection device and the light supplement lamp 28, the inside of the fish passage 21 can be supplemented with light according to the brightness inside the fish passage 21. The light supplement lamp 28 needs to be arranged at a position that avoids interference with the behavior of fish while ensuring that the observation area is adequately and uniformly illuminated, so that the Gopro camera 22 can collect clearer pictures or videos for subsequent analysis of the images or videos. In the present embodiment, the light intensity detection device is specifically an illuminometer, and the light supplement lamp 28 is specifically an LED lamp tube. Multiple LED lamp tubes are uniformly arranged on the inside of the top cover 27. The wavelength range of the light source generated by the LED lamp tubes includes visible light and near-infrared light segments to adapt to the imaging needs under different experimental conditions.

[0035] In some embodiments, reference is made to Figs. 1-3, the pool 1 is a ring pool, which comprises two symmetrical straight flow channels and two symmetrical arc flow channels, the two arc flow channels are respectively arranged at two ends of the two straight flow channels, and the openings of the two arc flow channels are oppositely arranged, and the two ends of any one arc flow channel are respectively connected with the end portions of the two straight flow channels; at least one straight flow channel is provided with an observation chamber 2; the environmental detection mechanism 3 is arranged in the arc flow channel; the pool 1 is further provided with an aeration device 12, the aeration device 12 is arranged in the arc flow channel and is used for aerating the ring pool 1. In the embodiment, the observation chamber 2 is also provided with two, which are respectively located in the two straight flow channels of the ring pool, and the two observation chambers 2 can be used for observing the behaviors of fish in the two observation chambers 2 at the same time, which can be used for verifying the effectiveness of the experimental results by repeated tests. The aeration device 12 is used for increasing the dissolved oxygen of the water in the ring pool to prevent the fish from dying of anoxia during the experiment. In the embodiment, the aeration device 12 is arranged in a manually adjustable form, and in other embodiments, the aeration device 12 can also be in communication connection with the environmental detection mechanism 3 to realize automatic control of the aeration device 12. In the embodiment, the arc flow channel is further provided with a water inlet pipe 13 and a water outlet pipe 14. The water inlet pipe 13 is used for adding water to the ring pool, and in the embodiment, the water inlet pipe 13 is provided with a water inlet valve, which is arranged in a manually adjustable form, and in other embodiments, the water inlet valve can be in communication connection with the control unit to realize automatic control; the water outlet pipe 14 is used for draining water for the ring pool, and in the embodiment, the water outlet pipe 14 is provided with a water outlet valve, which is arranged in a manually adjustable form, and in other embodiments, the water outlet valve can be in communication connection with the control unit to realize automatic control. In the embodiment, the analysis device is provided with a display device located outside the ring pool, which can display the data of water flow velocity, temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and the like to display the current environmental state of the ring pool. In the embodiment, by disassembling the observation chamber 2 and changing the position of the observation chamber 2 in the straight flow channel, the distance between the observation chamber 2 and the aeration device 12 can also be adjusted to avoid the influence of the bubbles generated by the aeration device 12 on the imaging of the Gopro camera 22.

[0036] Embodiment 2

[0037] The embodiment provides a fish behavior research simulation method implemented by using a fish behavior research system, and the method comprises the following steps: observing fish behavior in a fish passage under the condition that water flows in a pool to obtain fish behavior state data; detecting environmental parameters of water flow in the pool by an environment detection mechanism 3; collecting, recording and analyzing the fish behavior state data and the environmental parameters. Specifically, after water is supplied to the pool 1, the water flow acceleration device 11, the environment detection mechanism 3, the aeration device 12, the Gopro camera 22, the analysis equipment, the light intensity detection device and the light supplement lamp 28 are turned on, the position of the observation chamber 2 and the position and the shooting range of the Gopro camera 22 are adjusted, the positions of the first grid plate 24 and the second grid plate 25 are adjusted according to experimental requirements, or the first grid plate 24 and the second grid plate 25 are not arranged, the observation chamber top cover 27 is closed, a plurality of fish are put into the pool 1, the fish behavior state data and the environmental parameters are analyzed by the analysis equipment, the relationship between the fish behavior state and the environmental parameters is obtained, for example, the relationship between temperature change and fish swimming speed or the relationship between dissolved oxygen concentration and fish residence time, fish ethology can be deeply researched, the behavior mode and the ecological demand of fish are analyzed, and therefore the actual effect of the fish passage 21 can be evaluated, scientific and reasonable schemes are provided for optimization and operation management of the fish passage 21, and the fish protection effect and the ecological benefit of the water conservancy project are improved. In the whole experiment process, the contact between people and fish is small, fish damage caused by people can be reduced to the greatest extent, fish behavior data under different environmental parameters can be synchronously and accurately quantified.

[0038] Embodiment 3

[0039] The embodiment is fish group density testing without overlap, and the test environment and the test equipment are respectively shown in Table 1 and Table 2.

[0040] Table 1: Test environment

[0041]

[0042] Table 2: Test equipment

[0043]

[0044] Specific operation steps and experimental results are as follows.

[0045] 1. Experimental environment:

[0046] ① Set the first grid plate 24 and the second grid plate 25:

[0047] In the observation chamber, open the top cover 27 through the handle on the top cover. Place the first grid plate 24 and the second grid plate 25 vertically, and fix the fish population in the area surrounded by the first grid plate 24, the second grid plate 25, and the second background plate 26 through the grid plate limiting structure 251 to facilitate the Gopro camera 22 to record a 10-minute video. The first grid plate 24 and the second grid plate 25 are used to control the number of fish entering the test area and the flow rate of the water flow. Allow an appropriate amount of water flow to pass through and limit the free entry and exit of fish to create stable experimental conditions.

[0048] ② Camera system and environmental factor collection device arrangement:

[0049] The test Gopro camera 22 is fixed in the fixing structure 221 and faces the target test area. At the same time, adjust the position of the observation chamber 2 in the straight channel and the up-down position of the fixing structure 221 to ensure underwater video shooting while covering the entire pool cross section in the field of view. The Gopro camera 22 needs to be installed stably to ensure that its viewing angle is constant and avoid picture deviation caused by external force or vibration. Check whether the environmental detection mechanism 3 is immersed in water. The Gopro camera 22 and the environmental detection mechanism 3 need to be turned on at the same time.

[0050] ③ Lighting system setting:

[0051] To improve the optical imaging quality during the experiment, the fill-in light 28 needs to be turned on as the light source. The wavelength range of the light source includes visible light and near-infrared light segments to adapt to the imaging needs under different experimental conditions. Adjust the light intensity dynamically with the illuminometer. The light source position needs to avoid interference with fish behavior while ensuring sufficient and uniform illumination in the target area.

[0052] ④ Water flow regulation facilities:

[0053] Adjust the water flow acceleration device 11 to cover the test requirements (such as 0.1-1.0 m / s) and keep it stable. The water flow acceleration device 11 needs to be combined with the opening design of the first grid plate 24 and the second grid plate 25 to achieve precise control of the flow rate.

[0054] 2. Experimental method:

[0055] Fish population density recognition error test

[0056] ① In the camera field of view, designate an area and release an appropriate amount of fish to make it non-overlapping;

[0057] ② Randomly select 10 frames of images and measure the total pixel area of the fish body with manual annotation tools to convert the real density;

[0058] ③ Analyze the output fish population density of the device and calculate the relative error.

[0059] Judgment: the fish density recognition error under no overlap is less than or equal to 5%, which meets the accuracy requirement; otherwise, it does not meet the requirement.

[0060] Minimum fish weight recognition test

[0061] ① Select several weight sections of fish (such as 4g-10g), and weigh them with an electronic scale;

[0062] ② Put the fish into the pool one batch at a time, take pictures, and check the detection of each weight section of fish by the system;

[0063] ③ Check the recognition result.

[0064] Experimental effect index

[0065] The fish density recognition error under no overlap is less than or equal to 5%; the fish weight recognized is greater than or equal to 5g, which is qualified.

[0066] 3. Experimental results:

[0067] The experimental results are shown in Tables 3 and 4 below.

[0068] Table 3: Fish weight

[0069]

[0070] Table 4: Fish density recognition data statistics under no overlap

[0071]

[0072] Summary of experimental results:

[0073] 1. Fish density recognition error: test density range: 3-4 fish per frame; system recognition error: 0%.

[0074] 2. Minimum fish weight recognition: test fish weight range: 5.887-2.997g; minimum recognition weight: 2.997g.

[0075] 3. Water flow rate: 0.1m / s; pH value: 7.8; water temperature: 20.5℃; ammonia nitrogen concentration: 0.35mg / L; dissolved oxygen concentration: 5mg / L.

[0076] Example 4

[0077] This example is fish water layer distribution position recognition.

[0078] The test environment, test equipment and example 3 are consistent.

[0079] The specific operation steps and experimental results are as follows:

[0080] 1. Experimental environment

[0081] Consistent with Example 3.

[0082] 2. Experimental method

[0083] Fish body water layer distribution position error test

[0084] ① Put fish bodies (single tail / small group) and use a camera to take images of their movement at different heights;

[0085] ② Randomly select 10 images, select the fish body target, and manually calculate the vertical distance of the fish body from the water surface;

[0086] ③ The system identifies the vertical distance of the fish body from the water surface and calculates the relative error.

[0087] Determination: If the fish body water layer distribution position error is ≤2 cm, it meets the accuracy requirements; otherwise, it does not meet the requirements.

[0088] Minimum lower limit test of fish body weight recognition

[0089] ① Select fish of several weight segments (such as 4g-10g) and weigh them with an electronic scale;

[0090] ② Put the fish into the pool one batch at a time, take pictures, and check the detection of fish bodies of each weight segment by the system;

[0091] ③ Check the recognition results.

[0092] Experimental effect index

[0093] The fish body water layer distribution position error is ≤2 cm; and the fish body weight recognition is ≥5g, which is qualified.

[0094] 3. Experimental results:

[0095] The experimental results are shown in Tables 5 and 6 below.

[0096] Table 5: Fish body weight

[0097]

[0098] Table 6: Fish body water layer distribution position recognition data statistics

[0099]

[0100] Summary of experimental results:

[0101] 1. Fish body water layer distribution position error: Test water layer distribution range: 10.0-23.0 cm; System recognition maximum error: 1.5 cm.

[0102] 2. Minimum lower limit of fish body weight recognition: Test fish body weight range: 5.887-2.997g; Minimum recognition weight: 2.997g.

[0103] 3. Water flow rate: 0.1 m / s; pH value: 7.8; water temperature: 20.5℃; ammonia nitrogen concentration: 0.35 mg / L; dissolved oxygen concentration: 5 mg / L.

[0104] The principles and implementation manners of the present application are described by using specific examples in the present application. The above examples are only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea. Meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, the specific implementation manners and application ranges will be changed according to the idea of the present application. In conclusion, the content of the present specification should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. A fish behavior research system, characterized by: include: A water pool, wherein the water pool is capable of providing swimming opportunities for fish, and wherein a water flow acceleration device is provided in the water pool to provide flow power for the water flow in the water pool; as well as An observation room is provided in the pool, wherein the observation room is provided with a fish passage arranged along the direction of water flow for fish to pass through; the observation room has an observation structure capable of observing the behavior of fish in the fish passage; An environmental detection mechanism, disposed in the water pool, capable of detecting environmental parameters of the water flow in the water pool; The observation chamber is detachably disposed in the pool so that the observation chamber can be adjusted closer to or farther from the water flow acceleration device; The width of the observation chamber is smaller than the width of the pool, so as to form a water passage between at least one side of the observation chamber and the pool, wherein the water passage can make the flow rate of water in the inner and outer areas of the fish passage consistent; Both ends of the water passage are provided with water passage plates, each of which is capable of allowing water to pass through. The water passage plates protrude outward from the fish passage and are arranged obliquely. The water passage plates located at the opening of the inlet end of the fish passage are inclined from the outside to the inside, so that the cross-section of the water flow has a buffering process of gradually reducing when the water flows into the fish passage. The water passage plates located at the opening of the outlet end of the fish passage are inclined from the inside to the outside, so that the water passage plates can intercept fish from entering the water passage. The environmental parameters include water flow rate; The water pool is an annular water pool, which includes two symmetrical straight flow channels and two symmetrical curved flow channels. The two curved flow channels are respectively arranged at the two ends of the two straight flow channels, and the openings of the two curved flow channels are arranged opposite to each other. The two ends of any one of the curved flow channels are respectively connected to the ends of the two straight flow channels; at least one of the straight flow channels is provided with the observation chamber; The environment detection mechanism is arranged in the arc-shaped flow channel.

2. The fish behavior research system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The observation structure is a multimedia collection device provided on the inner wall or outer wall of the observation side of the fish passage, wherein the observation side is made of a transparent material; the multimedia collection device can collect the behavioral status data of fish inside the fish passage; The side wall of the fish passage is configured to have a first background plate capable of providing a background color for fish to collect; or, the front side of the side wall of the fish passage is detachably provided with a first background plate capable of providing a background color for fish to collect; and a first scale capable of indicating the water level height of the fish in the fish passage is provided on the first background plate.

3. The fish behavior research system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an analysis device, which is communicatively connected to the multimedia acquisition device and the environmental detection mechanism. The analysis device can receive and analyze the fish behavior status data and the environmental parameters; the environmental parameters also include one or more of temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen concentration, and ammonia nitrogen concentration.

4. The fish behavior research system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The observation room also includes a first grid plate and a second grid plate, and the first grid plate and the second grid plate are both removable and arranged in the fish passage, and one of the first grid plate and the second grid plate is close to the entrance of the fish passage, and the other is close to the exit of the fish passage, so as to intercept the fish in the fish passage and limit the range of movement of the fish.

5. The fish behavior research system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The observation room further includes a second background plate, which is detachably mounted on the front side of the first background plate according to the viewing range of the multimedia acquisition device to provide a background color for the fish in the fish passage; The second background plate is provided with a second scale capable of indicating the water level of the fish in the fish passage.

6. The fish behavior research system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The observation room also includes: Openable and closable top cover; a light intensity detection device, the light intensity detection device being disposed inside the fish passage and capable of detecting the brightness of light inside the fish passage; and A fill light is provided on a side of the top cover facing the fish passage, and the fill light can provide fill light for the fish passage according to the detection value of the light intensity detection device.

7. The fish behavior research system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An aeration device is also provided in the water pool. The aeration device is provided in the arc-shaped flow channel and is used for aerating the annular water pool.

8. A method for simulating fish behavior research using the fish behavior research system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Under the condition that water flows in the pool, observing the behavior of fish in the fish passage to obtain fish behavior status data; detecting the environmental parameters of the water flow in the pool by the environmental detection mechanism; Collect, record and analyze the fish behavior status data and the environmental parameters.

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