Prefabricated assembled masonry wall and production process of building blocks of prefabricated assembled masonry wall

Abstract

The prefabricated assembled masonry wall comprises transverse constructional columns and longitudinal constructional columns, mounting keys are reserved at the bottom of a structural beam and a floor surface, two ends of each longitudinal constructional column are clamped in the mounting keys, and two ends of each transverse constructional column are lapped between the two longitudinal constructional columns or lapped between the longitudinal constructional columns and the structural columns. Or is lapped between two structural columns; the transverse constructional columns, the longitudinal constructional columns, the peripheral structural columns and the peripheral structural beams jointly define a plurality of building spaces, a plurality of prefabricated building blocks are built in the building spaces, the thickness of the prefabricated building blocks is 100-200 mm, and the ratio of the height of the building spaces to the thickness of the prefabricated building blocks is smaller than 14. The thickness of the masonry wall can be reduced on the premise that the structural stability of the masonry wall is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of secondary structure construction, and particularly relates to a prefabricated and assembled masonry wall and a production process of its blocks. Background Art

[0002] When building a house, it is usually necessary to carry out secondary masonry construction after the main structure construction is completed, and the internal space is isolated by building walls. The secondary masonry is not used as the main load-bearing member, and its main functions are space separation and sound insulation and heat insulation.

[0003] Currently, the high-precision block wall masonry technology is mostly used for construction, so that there is only a mortar joint of 1-2 mm between each block. However, the current thickness of the block is usually 300 mm thick. After the block masonry is completed, it is necessary to plaster mortar on the surface of the block, and finally the thickness of the masonry wall in the building reaches about 400 mm, reducing the internal space of the building and making the house appear crowded and small when living.

[0004] However, if the thickness of the aerated block is reduced, the slenderness ratio of the masonry wall will be too large, and then the structural stability of the masonry wall will be poor, and potential safety hazards are likely to occur. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a prefabricated and assembled masonry wall and a production process of its blocks to solve the problem that the masonry wall is relatively thick and occupies more internal space of the house.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows: On the one hand, the present application provides a prefabricated and assembled masonry wall, including a transverse structural column and a longitudinal structural column. Installation keys are reserved at the bottom of the structural beam and the floor surface. Both ends of the longitudinal structural column are clamped in the installation keys. Both ends of the transverse structural column overlap between the two longitudinal structural columns, or overlap between the longitudinal structural column and the structural column, or overlap between the two structural columns; The transverse structural column, the longitudinal structural column and the surrounding structural columns and structural beams jointly enclose a plurality of masonry spaces. A plurality of precast blocks are masonry in the masonry spaces. The thickness of the precast block is 100 mm - 200 mm, and the ratio of the height of the masonry space to the thickness of the precast block is less than 14.

[0007] Further, insertion grooves for inserting the ends of the transverse structural column are provided on the side walls of the longitudinal structural column and the side walls of the structural column. Further, the longitudinal structural column includes a first section located below the transverse structural column and a second section located above the transverse structural column. The transverse structural column is inserted into the side wall near the top of the first section, and the second section is inserted into the top of the first section.

[0008] Further, the precast block includes a first surface layer and a second surface layer, and a honeycomb sandwich layer is arranged between the first surface layer and the second surface layer; A honeycomb skeleton is arranged in the precast block, and a sound absorption and sound insulation board is filled in the honeycomb sandwich layer.

[0009] Further, a tie key is also arranged in the precast block. The tie key is arranged in the first surface layer and includes an enlarged diameter section close to the surface of the first surface layer and a conventional section close to the honeycomb sandwich layer; the tie key is integrally cast with the second surface layer.

[0010] On the other hand, the present application provides a production process for precast blocks for producing the above-mentioned precast blocks, including a bottom frame mold and a honeycomb partition mold. The honeycomb partition mold is placed in the bottom frame mold; A heightening section is arranged on the periphery of the honeycomb partition mold. When the heightening section contacts the bottom wall of the bottom frame mold, there is a space with a height lower than the thickness of the first surface layer between the bottom of the middle area of the honeycomb partition mold and the bottom wall of the bottom frame mold.

[0011] Further, a reserved hole mold is also included. The reserved hole mold is used to form a reserved space during the pouring process, and the reserved space is used for pouring later to form a tie key.

[0012] Further, the production process includes the following steps: S1. Install the honeycomb partition mold into the bottom frame mold, and evenly place the reserved hole mold in the bottom frame mold, and the reserved hole mold is placed in the space where the honeycomb partition mold needs to be poured with concrete; S2. Pour concrete for the first time until the concrete reaches the thickness of the first surface layer. At this time, part of the honeycomb partition mold is buried in the first surface layer; S3. Lay a sound absorption and sound insulation board in the cavity of the honeycomb partition mold that does not need to be poured with concrete; S4. After the concrete of the first surface layer is initially solidified, pour concrete for the second time until the reserved space, the space where the honeycomb sandwich layer needs to be poured, and the concrete of the second surface layer are all poured. The honeycomb partition mold forms a honeycomb skeleton.

[0013] Further, the height of the honeycomb partition mold is greater than the thickness of the honeycomb sandwich layer, and part of the honeycomb partition mold is located in the first surface layer and part is located in the second surface layer.

[0014] Further, a plurality of tie bars are fixed on both the outer wall and the inner wall of the reserved hole mold.

[0015] The present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. By providing prefabricated transverse structural columns and longitudinal structural columns, the present application can reduce the area of the masonry space. Thus, on the premise of ensuring masonry safety, the masonry thickness can be reduced, and the area occupied by the masonry wall in the interior space of the house can be decreased. Since installation keys are formed on the structural beam and the floor slab, and insertion slots are provided on the side wall of the longitudinal structural column or the structural column, the transverse structural column and the longitudinal structural column can be quickly assembled, shortening the construction period and streamlining the construction process.

[0016] 2. The precast block includes a first surface layer, a second surface layer, and a honeycomb interlayer. The overall strength of the precast block can be enhanced through the honeycomb skeleton, so that the precast block with a reduced thickness can still maintain a high strength. At the same time, sound-absorbing and sound-insulating boards can be added inside the precast block through the honeycomb interlayer, thereby improving the sound insulation effect of the precast block.

[0017] 3. The precast block is cast in multiple times. A reserved space is formed during the first casting, and a tie key is cast in the reserved space during the second casting, which can alleviate the problem of insufficient connection strength at the weak interface formed between the first casting and the second casting, making the integrity of the precast block better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 It is an effect diagram during the construction process of a prefabricated and assembled masonry wall of the present invention; Figure 2 It is an effect diagram when two sections of longitudinal structural columns are provided for a prefabricated and assembled masonry wall of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a sectional view of a precast block of a prefabricated and assembled masonry wall of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a partial structural diagram of the present invention for showing the structure of the insertion slot; Figure 5 It is a partial structural diagram of the present invention for showing the structure of the installation key; Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the bottom frame mold and the honeycomb partition mold in the production process of a precast block of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a top view of the layout of the bottom frame mold, the honeycomb partition mold, and the reserved hole mold of the present invention.

[0019] In the drawings, the list of components represented by each reference numeral is as follows: 1. Horizontal structural column; 2. Vertical structural column; 21. First section; 22. Second section; 3. Installation key; 4. Masonry space; 5. Prefabricated block; 51. First surface layer; 52. Second surface layer; 53. Honeycomb sandwich; 54. Honeycomb skeleton; 55. Sound-absorbing and sound-insulating board; 56. Tie key; 561. Enlarged diameter section; 562. Regular section; 6. Insertion slot; 7. Bottom frame mold; 71. Bottom mold; 72. Side mold; 8. Honeycomb partition mold; 9. Reserved hole mold; 91. Tie bar; 100. Structural beam; 200. Structural column; 300. Floor slab. Detailed implementation mode

[0020] For the convenience of understanding this application, the following will describe this application more comprehensively with reference to the relevant drawings. Embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings. However, this application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of this application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0021] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, this application provides a prefabricated and assembled masonry wall. The top of the prefabricated and assembled masonry wall is connected to the structural beam 100 or the top floor slab 300, the bottom is connected to the lower floor slab 300, and both sides are connected to the structural column 200. A prefabricated and assembled masonry wall includes a horizontally assembled structural column 1 and a vertically assembled structural column 2. First, the vertical structural column 2 is assembled. Installation keys 3 are reserved at the bottom of the structural beam 100 and on the surface of the floor slab 300. The two ends of the vertical structural column 2 are inserted into the installation keys 3, thereby realizing the positioning installation of the vertical structural column 2. During specific installation, mortar needs to be applied in the installation keys 3 to ensure the stable connection between the vertical structural column 2 and the installation keys 3.

[0022] After the installation of the vertical structural column 2 is completed, the installation of the horizontal structural column 1 is carried out. The two ends of the horizontal structural column 1 are respectively lapped on the vertical structural column 2 and the structural column 200. If the width of the prefabricated and assembled masonry wall is small and there is no need to set the vertical structural column 2, then the two ends of the horizontal structural column 1 are both lapped on the structural column 200. If the width of the prefabricated and assembled masonry wall is wide and there is one or more vertical structural columns 2, then the two ends of some horizontal structural columns 1 are both lapped on the vertical structural column 2, and one end of the horizontal structural columns 1 on both sides is lapped on the vertical structural column 2, and the other end is lapped on the structural column 200. According to the connection requirements, insertion slots 6 for inserting the ends of the horizontal structural column 1 are provided on the side walls of the vertical structural column 2 and the side walls of the structural column 200. When installing the horizontal structural column 1, the two ends of the horizontal structural column 1 are lapped in the insertion slots 6, and the rapid assembly of the horizontal structural column 1 can be completed. Similarly, mortar needs to be applied in the insertion slots 6 to ensure the stable connection between the horizontal structural column 1 and the insertion slots 6.

[0023] Among them, in the preferred embodiment, the installation key 3 and the insertion slot 6 are integrally cast when the main structure concrete is poured; in other embodiments, the installation key 3 and the insertion slot 6 can also be poured later by the method of post-embedded bars.

[0024] After the transverse structural column 1 and the longitudinal structural column 2 are installed, the transverse structural column 1, the longitudinal structural column 2 and the surrounding structural columns 200 and structural beams 100 together enclose a number of masonry spaces 4. After laying a plurality of precast blocks 5 in the masonry spaces 4, the construction of a precast assembled masonry wall is realized. It should be noted that the thickness of each precast block 5 is between 100 mm and 200 mm, and the ratio of the height of the masonry space 4 to the thickness of the precast block 5 is less than 14. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the stability of the wall structure, the thickness of the wall can be further thinned to release the indoor space.

[0025] In the preferred embodiment, the longitudinal structural column 2 includes a first section 21 located below the transverse structural column 1 and a second section 22 located above the transverse structural column 1. The end of the transverse structural column 1 is inserted into the side wall near the top of the first section 21, and the second section 22 is inserted into the top of the first section 21. Specifically, an installation joint is provided at the top of the first section 21, through which the second section 22 and the transverse structural column 1 can be connected to the first section 21 by means of mortise and tenon connection. According to this design scheme, the length of the longitudinal structural column 2 can be shortened, making it convenient to carry the longitudinal structural column 2 to high floors.

[0026] The precast block 5 includes a first surface layer 51, a honeycomb sandwich layer 53 and a second surface layer 52 arranged in sequence. A honeycomb skeleton 54 is arranged in the precast block 5, and the honeycomb skeleton 54 is located in the first surface layer 51, the honeycomb sandwich layer 53 and the second surface layer 52 at the same time to increase the overall strength of the precast block 5; the honeycomb sandwich layer 53 is filled with a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating board 55 to improve the sound insulation effect of the precast block 5 and reduce the reduction of the sound insulation effect of the masonry wall due to the reduction of the thickness of the precast block 5.

[0027] Furthermore, a tie key 56 is also arranged in the precast block 5. The tie key 56 is located in the first surface layer 51 and includes an enlarged diameter section 561 close to the surface of the first surface layer 51 and a normal section 562 close to the honeycomb sandwich layer 53. The tie key 56 is integrally cast with the second surface layer 52. Therefore, through the tie key 56, high-strength connection between the various layers of the precast block 5 can be realized, making the integrity of the precast block 5 better.

[0028] This application also provides a production process of the precast block for producing the above-mentioned precast block, referring to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , including the following process steps: Step 1: Prepare the bottom frame mold 7 and the honeycomb partition mold 8. The bottom frame mold 7 includes a bottom mold 71 and side molds 72 arranged around the bottom mold 71. A reserved hole mold 9 is also provided. The reserved hole mold 9 is evenly placed in the space where concrete needs to be poured in the honeycomb partition mold 8. The reserved hole mold 9 is directly placed on the bottom frame mold 7 and includes an expanded diameter section 561 and a regular section 562. The height of the reserved hole mold 9 is the same as that of the first surface layer 51. The expanded diameter section 561 is located close to the surface of the first surface layer 51, and the regular section 562 is located close to the honeycomb interlayer 53.

[0029] Specifically, the honeycomb partition mold 8 is placed in the bottom frame mold 7. At this time, the raised section of the honeycomb partition mold 8 is in contact with the bottom mold 71, and there is a space between the bottom of the middle area of the honeycomb partition mold 8 and the bottom wall of the bottom frame mold 7, the height of which is lower than the thickness of the first surface layer 51; the reserved hole mold 9 is evenly placed in the space of the honeycomb partition mold 8 where concrete needs to be poured.

[0030] Step 2: pour concrete for the first time until the concrete reaches the thickness of the first surface layer 51. At this time, the honeycomb partition mold 8 is partially buried in the first surface layer 51. In addition, a reserved space is formed in the reserved hole mold 9 for later pouring to form the tie bond 56.

[0031] Step 3: When the first pouring of concrete reaches the initial setting state, the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating board 55 is laid in the cavity of the honeycomb mold 8 where no concrete is needed, and the sides of the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating board 55 are tightly pressed against the side walls of the honeycomb mold 8; S4. After the concrete of the first surface layer 51 is initially solidified, the concrete is poured for the second time until the reserved space, the space to be poured for the honeycomb interlayer 53 and the concrete of the second surface layer 52 are all poured. At this point, the pouring of the prefabricated building block 5 is completed. At this time, the honeycomb partition mold 8 is permanently retained in the prefabricated building block 5 to form a honeycomb skeleton 54.

[0032] It should be noted that the height of the honeycomb partition mold 8 is greater than the thickness of the honeycomb interlayer 53, and the honeycomb partition mold 8 is partially located in the first surface layer 51 and partially located in the second surface layer 52; reinforcing ribs are provided in the honeycomb partition mold 8, so that the honeycomb partition mold 8 not only plays the role of a concrete pouring partition, but also plays the role of a steel bar in the prefabricated building block 5, thereby improving the strength of the prefabricated building block 5.

[0033] In addition, a number of tie bars 91 are fixed to the outer wall and the inner wall of the reserved hole mold 9. By providing the tie bars 91, the reserved hole mold 9 can be effectively tied and anchored to the surrounding concrete, and the connection stability is better.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A prefabricated and assembled masonry wall, characterized in that: It includes a horizontal structural column (1) and a vertical structural column (2). An installation key (3) is reserved at the bottom of the structural beam (100) and on the surface of the floor slab (300). Both ends of the vertical structural column (2) are clamped in the installation key (3). Both ends of the horizontal structural column (1) are lapped between two of the vertical structural columns (2), or lapped between the vertical structural column (2) and the structural column (200), or lapped between two of the structural columns (200); The horizontal structural column (1), the vertical structural column (2) and the surrounding structural columns (200) and structural beams (100) together enclose a number of masonry spaces (4). A number of precast blocks (5) are masonry in the masonry space (4). The thickness of the precast block (5) is between 100 mm and 200 mm, and the ratio of the height of the masonry space (4) to the thickness of the precast block (5) is less than 14.

2. The prefabricated and assembled masonry wall according to claim 1, wherein: Plug-in slots (6) for inserting the ends of the horizontal structural column (1) are provided on the side walls of the vertical structural column (2) and the side walls of the structural column (200).

3. A prefabricated and assembled masonry wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vertical structural column (2) includes a first section (21) below the horizontal structural column (1) and a second section (22) above the horizontal structural column (1). The horizontal structural column (1) is inserted into the side wall near the top of the first section (21), and the second section (22) is inserted into the top of the first section (21).

4. A prefabricated and assembled masonry wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precast block (5) includes a first surface layer (51) and a second surface layer (52). A honeycomb interlayer (53) is provided between the first surface layer (51) and the second surface layer (52); A honeycomb skeleton (54) is provided in the precast block (5), and a sound absorption and sound insulation board (55) is filled in the honeycomb interlayer (53).

5. A prefabricated and assembled masonry wall according to claim 4, characterized in that: A tie key (56) is also provided in the precast block (5). The tie key (56) is provided in the first surface layer (51) and includes an enlarged diameter section (561) near the surface of the first surface layer (51) and a normal section (562) near the honeycomb interlayer (53); The tie key (56) is integrally cast with the second surface layer (52).

6. A production process for precast blocks, used to produce the precast blocks (5) as described in claim 5, characterized in that, It includes a bottom formwork (7) and a honeycomb partition formwork (8). The honeycomb partition formwork (8) is placed in the bottom formwork (7); The honeycomb partition formwork (8) is provided with a heightening section on its periphery. When the heightening section contacts the bottom wall of the bottom formwork (7), there is a space with a height lower than the thickness of the first surface layer (51) between the bottom of the middle area of the honeycomb partition formwork (8) and the bottom wall of the bottom formwork (7).

7. The production process of a precast block according to claim 6, characterized in that: It further includes a reserved hole formwork (9). The reserved hole formwork (9) is used to form a reserved space during pouring, and the reserved space is used for pouring to form a tie key (56) later.

8. The production process of a precast block according to claim 7, characterized in that: The production process includes the following steps: S1. Install the honeycomb partition formwork (8) into the bottom formwork (7), and evenly place the reserved hole formwork (9) in the bottom formwork (7), and the reserved hole formwork (9) is placed in the space where the honeycomb partition formwork (8) needs to be poured with concrete; S2. Pour the concrete for the first time until the concrete reaches the thickness of the first surface layer (51), at this time, the honeycomb partition mold (8) is partially buried in the first surface layer (51); S3. Lay the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating board (55) in the cavity of the honeycomb partition mold (8) where no concrete needs to be poured; S4. After the concrete of the first surface layer (51) is initially solidified, pour the concrete for the second time until the reserved space, the space where the honeycomb sandwich (53) needs to be poured, and the concrete of the second surface layer (52) are all poured, and the honeycomb partition mold (8) forms a honeycomb skeleton (54).

9. The production process of a precast block according to claim 8, characterized in that: The height of the honeycomb partition mold (8) is greater than the thickness of the honeycomb sandwich (53), and the honeycomb partition mold (8) is partially located in the first surface layer (51) and partially located in the second surface layer (52).

10. A production process of a precast block according to claim 8, characterized in that: A number of tie bars (91) are fixed on both the outer wall and the inner wall of the reserved hole mold (9).

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