Multi-layer vertical crusher

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-layer vertical pulverizer which solves the problems that an existing grinding knife generally adopts a straight or simple geometrical cutting edge, and optimal design aiming at different material characteristics is lacked; the technical problems that for materials with large toughness, a simple-shaped grinding knife cannot provide enough tearing and shearing force, and the materials are only subjected to surface deformation and are difficult to crush are solved, and the air mill can be widely applied to the field of air mills. The grinding device specifically comprises a barrel, one side of the barrel communicates with a feeding pipe, a rotating shaft is arranged in the center of the barrel, a mounting disc is fixed to the rotating shaft, and a plurality of grinding heads are fixed to the side edge of the mounting disc; an outer grinding disc is fixed to the inner wall of the barrel, a plurality of first grinding teeth are arranged on the outer grinding disc, the inner grinding head and the first grinding teeth are oppositely arranged, so that a crushing space is formed between the grinding head and the first grinding teeth, and the grinding head can be matched with the first grinding teeth to crush materials when rotating; second grinding teeth are linearly arrayed on the two adjacent side walls of the grinding head along the surfaces of the side walls, and the grinding head is arranged in the tangential direction of the mounting disc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of air mills, and particularly relates to a multi-layer vertical crusher. Background Art

[0002] As a device that uses high-speed air flow to achieve material crushing, air mill crushers are widely used in industries such as chemical engineering, pharmaceuticals, food, and non-metallic minerals, and are particularly suitable for the ultrafine crushing of special materials such as heat-sensitive, low-melting-point, flammable, and explosive materials. Existing air mill crushers mainly use compressed air or hot steam as the power source to make the materials collide, rub against each other, and impact with the inner wall of the equipment under the drive of high-speed air flow to achieve crushing. Its core structure includes a feeding system, a crushing chamber, a classification system, and a collection system. The crushed materials are screened by a classification wheel, and the qualified fine powder is collected, while the coarse powder returns to the crushing chamber for further crushing.

[0003] The cutting edges of existing crushers usually adopt straight or simple geometric shapes, lacking optimized designs for different material characteristics. For materials with higher hardness, the straight cutting edge is difficult to cut into the interior of the material, resulting in the material sliding or bouncing on the cutting edge surface and unable to achieve effective crushing; for materials with greater toughness, the simple-shaped cutting edge cannot provide sufficient tearing and shearing forces, and the material only undergoes surface deformation and is difficult to break. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and provide a multi-layer vertical crusher.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a multi-layer vertical crusher, including a cylinder body. One side of the cylinder body is connected to a feeding pipe, and a rotating shaft is arranged at the center of the cylinder body. An installation disk is fixed on the rotating shaft, and a plurality of grinding heads are fixed on the side edge of the installation disk. An outer grinding disk is fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder body, and a plurality of first grinding teeth are arranged on the outer grinding disk. The inner grinding heads and the first grinding teeth are arranged opposite to each other, so as to form a crushing space between the grinding heads and the first grinding teeth, and the grinding heads can cooperate with the first grinding teeth to crush the materials when rotating.

[0006] Further, on two adjacent side walls of the grinding head, second grinding teeth are linearly arranged along the side wall surface. The grinding heads are arranged along the tangent direction of the installation disk, and the side walls of the grinding heads with the second grinding teeth are located at the end of the rotation direction of the installation disk.

[0007] Further, a guiding surface is also arranged on the grinding head. The guiding surface gradually decreases in height from the long side of the top surface with the second grinding teeth towards the long side of the top surface without the second grinding teeth, so that the materials are not easily accumulated on the side of the grinding head close to the center of the installation disk.

[0008] Further, a negative pressure pipeline is also arranged on the cylinder body. One end is connected to the inside of the cylinder body, and the other end is connected to the air extraction pipeline of the induced draft fan and the discharge pipe, so as to form a negative pressure environment inside the cylinder body.

[0009] Further, a classification wheel is arranged inside the cylinder body. One end of the classification wheel is communicated with a negative pressure pipeline, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The classification wheel rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft. The side wall of the classification wheel is composed of longitudinally arranged connecting rods in a circumferential array, and the same-sized gaps are left between adjacent connecting rods, serving as a sieve to suck out the crushed materials meeting the size through negative pressure.

[0010] Further, an inner grinding disc is also fixedly installed on the rotating shaft, and the inner grinding disc rotates with the rotating shaft. A plurality of first grinding teeth are arranged on the side wall of the inner grinding disc. Each single first grinding tooth is in the shape of a quadrangular prism. The height of the first grinding tooth is the same as that of the inner grinding disc, and the bottom surface is trapezoidal as a whole. The length of the bottom side of the trapezoid is greater than that of the top side. One side surface where the hypotenuse of the trapezoid is located is fixedly connected to the side wall of the inner grinding disc; the other hypotenuse extends in the direction approaching the center of the top surface of the inner grinding disc from the bottom side to the top side.

[0011] Further, multiple layers of steps are arranged on the side surface where the hypotenuse of the free end of the first grinding tooth is located, and the height of the steps gradually increases, which is used to increase the contact area of the first grinding tooth.

[0012] Further, the side wall where the hypotenuse of the first grinding tooth of the outer grinding disc with steps faces the center of the outer grinding disc, and the inclination direction of the hypotenuse from the bottom side to the top side extends in the direction away from the center of the outer grinding disc.

[0013] The present invention provides a multi-layer vertical crusher, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] By arranging the first grinding teeth of the outer grinding disc and the first grinding teeth of the inner grinding disc to form a specific arrangement mode, the material can reciprocate and rebound between the first grinding teeth of the outer grinding disc and the first grinding teeth of the inner grinding disc during rotation, increasing the friction frequency between the materials.

[0015] By arranging a guiding surface on the grinding head, the material is not easily accumulated on the side of the grinding head close to the center of the mounting disc, but moves along the guiding surface to the side of the grinding head away from the center of the mounting disc, without forming material stagnation, and the material has stronger fluidity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is the structural diagram of the outside of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is the structural diagram of the inside of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 is the structural diagram of the inner grinding disc, outer grinding disc and mounting disc of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 is the structural diagram of the grinding head of the present invention;

[0020] Markings in the figure: 1, cylinder body; 2, rotating shaft; 3, outer grinding disc; 4, grinding head; 5, inner grinding disc; 6, grading wheel; 7, feed pipe; 8, negative pressure pipe; 9, motor; 10, mounting disc; 11, first grinding teeth; 12, limiting ring; 13, second grinding teeth; 14, mounting hole; 15, guiding surface. Specific embodiments

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments to help understand the content of the present invention. The methods used in the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the raw materials and devices used are all conventional commercially available products unless otherwise specified.

[0022] As Figure 1 shown in FIG. 2, the present invention provides a multi-layer vertical pulverizer, including a cylinder body 1. The cylinder body 1 is a hollow cylindrical shape, forming a sealed space inside. A rotating shaft 2 penetrating the inside of the cylinder body 1 is provided at the center of the top surface of the cylinder body 1. The top end of the rotating shaft 2 extends to the outside of the cylinder body 1, and the bottom end extends to the inner bottom surface of the cylinder body 1. A limiting ring 12 is fixed at the center of the inner bottom surface of the cylinder body 1. The limiting ring 12 wraps the bottom end of the rotating shaft 2 inside. A bearing is provided between the limiting ring 12 and the rotating shaft 2 in a matching manner to ensure that the rotating shaft 2 rotates freely and does not shift itself.

[0023] As Figure 2 shown, a motor 9 is provided at the top end of the rotating shaft 2. The output shaft of the motor 9 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 2, and the motor 9 transmits the rotational output to the rotating shaft 2. A negative pressure pipe 8 is also fixed on the top surface of the cylinder body 1. The negative pressure pipe 8 is in the shape of an elbow. One end is coaxial with the rotating shaft 2 and communicates with the inside of the cylinder body 1; the other end is connected to the air extraction pipe of the induced draft fan and the discharge pipe. A grading wheel 6 with the same diameter as the negative pressure pipe 8 is provided inside the cylinder body 1. The grading wheel 6 is a hollow cylindrical shape. The top surface of the grading wheel 6 communicates with the negative pressure pipe 8, and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 2. The grading wheel 6 rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 2. The side wall of the grading wheel 6 is composed of longitudinally arranged connecting rods in a circumferential array. There are gaps of the same size between adjacent connecting rods, serving as a sieve to suck out the crushed materials that meet the size through negative pressure.

[0024] Below the grading wheel 6, an inner grinding disc 5 is also fixed on the rotating shaft 2. The inner grinding disc 5 rotates with the rotating shaft 2. As Figure 3As shown, a plurality of first grinding teeth 11 are circumferentially and arrayedly distributed on the side wall of the inner grinding disc 5. Each single first grinding tooth 11 is prismatic with a quadrangular cross-section. The height of the first grinding tooth 11 is the same as the height of the inner grinding disc 5. The bottom surface as a whole is trapezoidal, with the length of the bottom side of the trapezoid being greater than the length of the top side. One of the inclined sides of the trapezoid is fixed to the side wall of the inner grinding disc 5; the other inclined side extends from the bottom side to the top side in a direction towards the center of the top surface of the inner grinding disc 5. Three layers of steps are provided on the side surface where the inclined side of the free end of the first grinding tooth 11 is located, and the step height gradually increases from the bottom side to the top side, increasing the contact area of the first grinding tooth 11 and making the crushed material particles finer.

[0025] An installation disc 10 is fixed on the bottom surface of the inner grinding disc 5, and the installation disc 10 rotates following the rotation shaft 2. As Figure 4 shown, grinding heads 4 are circumferentially and arrayedly arranged on the edge of the top surface of the installation disc 10. Each grinding head 4 is in the shape of a cuboid. Second grinding teeth 13 are linearly arrayed along the side wall surfaces on two adjacent side walls. Each single second grinding tooth 13 is prismatic with a triangular cross-section, and the bottom surface is an isosceles triangle. The side where the bottom side of the triangle is located is fixed to the side wall of the grinding head 4; the side where the vertex angle of the triangle is located is chamfered to increase the contact area during crushing and make the crushed material particles finer. An installation hole 14 penetrating the top surface and the bottom surface of the grinding head 4 is provided at one end of the grinding head 4 for installing the grinding head 4 on the installation disc 10. During installation, the long side of the top surface of the grinding head 4 is parallel to the tangent direction at this position of the installation disc 10, and the short side of the top surface of the grinding head 4 with the second grinding teeth 13 is located at the end of the rotation direction of the installation disc 10; when the installation disc 10 rotates, the second grinding teeth 13 located at the end of the rotation direction can impact the material and crush the material a second time, making the material crushing more thorough. A guiding surface 15 is provided at the end of the grinding head 4 away from the installation hole 14, and the guiding surface 15 gradually decreases in height from the long side of the top surface with the second grinding teeth 13 towards the long side of the top surface without the second grinding teeth 13. During crushing, the material will rotate following the installation disc 10, and under the action of centrifugal force, the material will move towards the edge of the installation disc 10; after the guiding surface 15 is provided on the grinding head 4, the material is not easily piled up on the side of the grinding head 4 close to the center of the installation disc 10, but moves along the guiding surface 15 to the side of the grinding head 4 away from the center of the installation disc 10, without forming material stagnation, and the material has stronger fluidity.

[0026] As Figure 2As shown in the figure, three layers of outer grinding discs 3 are fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder body 1, and the three layers of outer grinding discs 3 are distributed vertically. The outer grinding disc 3 is in a circular ring shape, and a plurality of first grinding teeth 11 are fixedly arranged on the top surface of each outer grinding disc 3 in a circumferential array. The first grinding teeth 11 are arranged close to the inner wall of the cylinder body 1. The side wall where the hypotenuse of the first grinding tooth 11 with a step faces the center of the outer grinding disc 3, and the inclination direction of the hypotenuse from the bottom edge to the top edge extends away from the center of the outer grinding disc 3. The outer grinding disc 3, the inner grinding disc 5 and the mounting disc 10 are located in the same plane to form a set of crushing mechanisms for crushing materials. There are three sets of crushing mechanisms in total. A gap is left between the outer grinding disc 3 and the mounting disc 10 so that the material can enter between the first grinding teeth 11 of the outer grinding disc 3 and the grinding head 4, and the material is crushed under the action of friction and shear force.

[0027] A feed pipe 7 is also connected to the side wall of the cylinder body 1, and the discharge port of the feed pipe 7 is located below the lowermost inner grinding disc 5. During crushing, the material is put into the interior of the cylinder body 1 along the feed pipe 7, the motor 9 is started, the motor 9 drives the rotating shaft 2 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 2 synchronously drives the inner grinding disc 5 and the mounting disc 10 to rotate; at the same time, the induced draft fan is started to form a rotary negative pressure air flow inside the cylinder body 1 to form an upward suction force. The large-particle material rotates inside the cylinder body 1, and during the rotation process, it continuously contacts between the second grinding teeth 13 of the grinding head 4 and the first grinding teeth 11 of the outer grinding disc 3. Under the action of friction and shear force, the material is continuously crushed; and the first grinding teeth 11 of the outer grinding disc 3 and the first grinding teeth 11 of the inner grinding disc 5 form a specific arrangement pattern, so that the material can reciprocate and rebound between the first grinding teeth 11 of the outer grinding disc 3 and the first grinding teeth 11 of the inner grinding disc 5 during rotation, increasing the friction frequency between the materials. When the particles of the material reach the crushing size, they are attracted to the classification wheel 6 against gravity and are finally discharged through the discharge pipe.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", "back", "middle", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0029] However, the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited thereby. Therefore, the replacement of equivalent components or the equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of protection of the present invention patent should still fall within the scope covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-layer vertical pulverizer, comprising a cylinder body, and a feed pipe is communicated with one side of the cylinder body, characterized in that, A rotating shaft is arranged at the center of the cylinder body. An installation disk is fixed on the rotating shaft, and a plurality of grinding heads are fixed on the side edge of the installation disk. An external grinding disk is fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder body. A plurality of first grinding teeth are arranged on the external grinding disk. The inner grinding heads and the first grinding teeth are arranged opposite to each other, so as to form a crushing space between the grinding heads and the first grinding teeth, and the grinding heads can cooperate with the first grinding teeth to crush materials when rotating.

2. The multi-layer vertical crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, Second grinding teeth are linearly arrayed along the side wall surfaces on two adjacent side walls of the grinding head. The grinding head is arranged along the tangent direction of the installation disk, and the side wall of the grinding head with the second grinding teeth is located at the end of the rotation direction of the installation disk.

3. The multi-layer vertical grinder according to claim 2, characterized in that, A guiding surface is further arranged on the grinding head. The guiding surface gradually decreases in height from the long side of the top surface with the second grinding teeth towards the long side of the top surface without the second grinding teeth, so that materials are not easily accumulated on the side of the grinding head close to the center of the installation disk.

4. The multi-layer vertical grinder according to claim 1, wherein, A negative pressure pipeline is further arranged on the cylinder body. One end is communicated with the inside of the cylinder body, and the other end is communicated with the air extraction pipeline and the discharge pipe of the induced draft fan, so as to form a negative pressure environment inside the cylinder body.

5. The multi-layer vertical grinder according to claim 4, characterized in that, A grading wheel is arranged inside the cylinder body. One end of the grading wheel is communicated with the negative pressure pipeline, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The grading wheel rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft. The side wall of the grading wheel is composed of longitudinally arranged connecting rods in a circumferential array. The same-sized gaps are left between adjacent connecting rods as a sieve to suck out the materials that meet the size after crushing through negative pressure adsorption.

6. The multi-layer vertical crusher according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that An internal grinding disk is further fixed on the rotating shaft. The internal grinding disk rotates with the rotating shaft. A plurality of first grinding teeth are arranged on the side wall of the internal grinding disk. Each single first grinding tooth is in a quadrangular prism shape. The height of the first grinding tooth is the same as the height of the internal grinding disk. The bottom surface is in a trapezoidal shape as a whole. The length of the bottom side of the trapezoid is greater than the length of the top side. One side surface where one hypotenuse of the trapezoid is located is fixed on the side wall of the internal grinding disk. The other hypotenuse extends from the bottom side to the top side in a direction towards the center of the top surface of the internal grinding disk.

7. The multi-layer vertical crusher according to claim 6, characterized in that, A plurality of layers of steps are arranged on the side surface where the hypotenuse of the free end of the first grinding tooth is located, and the step height gradually increases to increase the contact area of the first grinding tooth.

8. The multi-layer vertical crusher according to claim 7, wherein The side wall where the hypotenuse with steps of the first grinding tooth of the external grinding disk faces the center of the external grinding disk, and the hypotenuse extends from the bottom side to the top side in a direction away from the center of the external grinding disk.

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