Protective structure for high and steep slope of tunnel portal

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of slope protection, and particularly relates to a protection structure for a high and steep slope of a tunnel portal, the protection structure comprises a fixing seat, fixing plates, fixing bolts, a cable-pulling type blocking mechanism and a rotary energy reduction mechanism, the multiple sets of fixing plates are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the fixing seat, and the fixing bolts are arranged at the ends, away from the fixing seat, of the fixing plates in a penetrating mode; the fixing bolt is in threaded connection with the fixing plate, the cable-pulling type blocking mechanism is arranged above the fixing base, the rotary energy reduction mechanisms are arranged on the two sides of the cable-pulling type blocking mechanism, and the cable-pulling type blocking mechanism comprises a stone blocking assembly, a force buffering assembly and an anchoring assembly. According to the protection structure for the high and steep side slope of the tunnel portal, on the premise that irregular movement generated after stone impact can be prevented, the impact force of rolling stones can be buffered, and the frequency of stone rolling on the side slope can be monitored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of slope protection, and specifically refers to a protection structure for high-steep slopes at tunnel entrances. Background Art

[0002] A tunnel is an engineering structure built inside a mountain, used for laying railways or roads to allow motor vehicles to pass safely. When facing a steep mountain, after the tunnel is constructed, the slope at the tunnel entrance often presents the characteristics of high steepness, which increases the risk of falling rocks, and may thus pose a safety hazard to the use of the tunnel and the surrounding environment. Therefore, the protection work for the tunnel entrance slope is particularly important.

[0003] The protection of the tunnel entrance slope refers to a series of reinforcement and protection devices specifically set on the tunnel entrance slope to ensure the stability of the slope structure and the safety of the surrounding environment. These devices effectively reduce the occurrence probability of geological disasters such as falling rocks by enhancing the anti-slip and anti-collapse capabilities of the slope, thereby providing a solid guarantee for the normal operation of the tunnel and the safe passage of passing vehicles.

[0004] Currently, the existing protection structures for high-steep slopes at tunnel entrances have the following problems: 1. The existing protection structures for high-steep slopes at tunnel entrances do not have the ability to buffer the kinetic energy of the falling rocks, resulting in the rocks with large kinetic energy continuously impacting the protection structure for a long time, increasing the load of the protection structure, causing the protection structure to fail, and affecting the traffic safety at the tunnel entrance; 2. The traditional protection structures for high-steep slopes at tunnel entrances cannot monitor the frequency of falling rocks on the slope, which is not convenient for operators to adjust the protection measures for the slope in a timely manner, resulting in a large number of rocks continuously falling, seriously threatening the safety of the tunnel entrance; 3. They do not have the ability to block the rocks with large kinetic energy falling from a high place on the slope. When the rocks fall from a high place on the slope, they have high kinetic energy. When the rocks impact the protection structure with high kinetic energy, on the one hand, it shortens the service life of the protection structure; on the other hand, the rocks with large impact force rebound, causing irregularly moving broken stones to fall onto the tunnel entrance road, thus affecting the safe passage of the tunnel. Therefore, they cannot meet the current usage requirements for the protection structures of high-steep slopes at tunnel entrances. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above situation, to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present solution provides a protection structure for high-steep slopes at tunnel entrances that can buffer the impact force of the falling rocks on the premise of preventing irregular movement after the rocks are impacted, and can monitor the frequency of falling rocks on the slope.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this solution is as follows: A protective structure for a high and steep slope at the tunnel entrance proposed in this solution includes a fixed seat, a fixed plate, a fixed bolt, a cable-pulling type blocking mechanism, and a rotary energy-dissipating mechanism. Multiple groups of the fixed plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed seat. The fixed bolt is arranged through one end of the fixed plate away from the fixed seat, and the fixed bolt is threadedly connected to the fixed plate. The cable-pulling type blocking mechanism is arranged above the fixed seat. The rotary energy-dissipating mechanism is arranged on both sides of the cable-pulling type blocking mechanism. The cable-pulling type blocking mechanism includes a boulder-blocking component, a force-relieving component, and an anchoring component. The boulder-blocking component is arranged on the upper wall of the fixed seat. The force-relieving component is arranged at one end of the boulder-blocking component away from the fixed seat. The anchoring component is arranged on the force-relieving component. The rotary energy-dissipating mechanism includes a shape-passing component, a positioning component, and an energy-converting component. The shape-passing component is arranged on the side wall of the boulder-blocking component. The positioning component is arranged on both sides of the boulder-blocking component. The energy-converting component is arranged on one side of the positioning component away from the boulder-blocking component.

[0007] As a further preference of the solution in this case, the boulder-blocking component includes an angle seat, an angle shaft, a boulder-blocking plate, a support spring, a fixed-angle block, and a rotation-limiting block. The angle seat is arranged on the upper wall of the fixed seat. The angle shaft is arranged between the angle seats. The boulder-blocking plate is rotatably arranged outside the angle shaft. The support spring is arranged between the angle seat on the outside of the angle shaft and the boulder-blocking plate. The fixed-angle blocks are symmetrically arranged on the side walls at both ends of the bottom of the boulder-blocking plate. The rotation-limiting blocks are symmetrically arranged on the side walls at both ends of the fixed seat, and the fixed-angle blocks are in contact with the rotation-limiting blocks. The force-relieving component includes force-relieving blocks, force-relieving rods, limit blocks, sliding blocks, and force-relieving springs. Multiple groups of the force-relieving blocks are symmetrically arranged at the tops of both sides of the boulder-blocking plate, and the force-relieving blocks are rotatably arranged on the side wall of the boulder-blocking plate. The force-relieving rods are arranged on the side walls of the force-relieving blocks. The limit blocks are arranged on the side of the force-relieving rods away from the force-relieving blocks. The sliding blocks are slidably arranged outside the force-relieving rods. The force-relieving springs are arranged between the limit blocks and the sliding blocks on the outside of the force-relieving rods. The anchoring component includes an anchoring frame, an anchoring cable, and a distance measuring sensor. The anchoring frame is rotatably arranged outside the sliding block. The anchoring cable is arranged on the side of the anchoring frame away from the limit block. The distance measuring sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the anchoring frame, and the distance measuring sensor is arranged opposite to the limit block.

[0008] During use, build pedestals on both sides of the tunnel entrance to be protected, and reserve threaded holes on the pedestals. Place the fixing base on the pedestal and rotate the fixing bolt, which is screwed into the reserved threaded hole inside, so that the fixing base is fixed on the pedestal. Set anchor points on the slope in advance, and fix one end of the anchor cable away from the anchor frame at the anchor point. The blocking stone slab is inclined under normal conditions, and the included angle between the blocking stone slab and the pedestal is between 80 degrees and 85 degrees. The normal state of the buffer spring is in an extended state, and the distance between the ranging end of the ranging sensor and the limit block is the minimum value. When a stone rolls down from the slope, the blocking stone slab blocks the rolling stone. The blocking stone slab receives the impact force from the rolling stone, and the blocking stone slab deflects around the angle axis by using the deformation of the buffer spring. The buffer spring deforms and shortens, and the sliding block slides along the buffer rod and approaches the limit block. The anchor frame drives the ranging sensor to move away from the limit block as the sliding block slides, and the distance between the ranging end of the ranging sensor and the limit block increases. After being impacted, the blocking stone slab rebounds and resets, and the blocked rolling stone falls into the groove on the side of the blocking stone slab close to the slope.

[0009] Preferably, the shaping component includes a drilling inlet and a rubber annular pad. A plurality of the drilling inlets are arranged on the side wall of the blocking stone slab, and the rubber annular pad is arranged on the inner wall of the drilling inlet; the positioning component includes a positioning frame and a support plate. The positioning frame is arranged on both sides of the angle seat, and the support plates are symmetrically arranged on the side of the positioning frame away from the angle seat; the energy conversion component includes a cemented carbide turntable, a rubber base, a cemented carbide head, a motor seat, a servo motor and a telescopic transmission shaft. A plurality of the cemented carbide turntables are rotatably arranged on the side of the positioning frame close to the blocking stone slab, the rubber base is arranged on the side of the cemented carbide turntable away from the positioning frame, a plurality of the motor seats are arranged on the side of the positioning frame away from the cemented carbide turntable, the servo motor is arranged inside the motor seat, and the telescopic transmission shaft penetrates through the positioning frame, the rubber base and the motor seat and is arranged between the power end of the servo motor and the cemented carbide head.

[0010] When in use, the rolling stone has gravitational potential energy. During the rolling process, the gravitational potential energy will gradually be converted into kinetic energy. Due to the obstruction of the stone-blocking plate, the kinetic energy of the stone is released to the stone-blocking plate in the form of impact. The stone-blocking plate uses the deformation of the deceleration spring to deflect around the angle axis to buffer the impact force of the stone, reducing the load tension of the stone impact force on the anchor cable. The kinetic energy of the stone falling from a high place is relatively large, and the impact force on the stone-blocking plate is increased, causing the deceleration spring to be compressed to the shortest value. At this time, the stone continues to impact the stone-blocking plate with the kinetic energy that has not been buffered, and the angle of deflection of the stone-blocking plate around the angle axis increases. As the stone-blocking plate deflects, the hard composite The gold head and the drill entrance are on the same circular motion trajectory, and the stone blocking plate drives the drill entrance to be inserted into the outside of the carbide head. The carbide head uses the deformation of the rubber ring pad to expand it, and the diameter of the annular opening of the rubber ring pad increases. The stone and the carbide head are against each other, and the carbide head is fixed on the positioning frame to use its spiked part to block the stone, concentrating the impact force of the stone on a smaller contact area, forming local high pressure, which makes it easier to penetrate or embed into the surface of the stone, effectively preventing it from continuing to roll. The rebound reset of the buffer spring drives the stone blocking plate to push the stone back, and the stone outside the carbide head rolls along the stone blocking plate into the groove.

[0011] Specifically, a controller is provided on the side wall of the positioning frame.

[0012] Wherein, the controller is electrically connected to the servo motor and the distance measuring sensor respectively.

[0013] The beneficial effects achieved by adopting the above structure are as follows: Compared with the existing technology, this solution innovatively combines a cable-type blocking mechanism with a rotary energy reduction mechanism. Through the stone retaining assembly, force-relief assembly, anchoring assembly, form-fitting assembly, positioning assembly and energy conversion assembly, it can effectively buffer and block the impact force generated by stones rolling down the steep slope of the tunnel entrance. At the same time, with the help of real-time monitoring of the limit block by the ranging sensor, the frequency of the rolling stones on the slope can be captured, providing timely and accurate data support for the operators so that they can quickly adjust the protective measures on the slope surface. In addition, by adopting a rotating carbide head, it can chemically block the stones that roll down from the high slope and have a large impact force, significantly reducing the impact force of stones with large kinetic energy on the blocking structure, thereby comprehensively improving the protection effect of slope rolling stones and providing solid protection for the traffic safety of the tunnel entrance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this scheme; Figure 2 This is the main perspective view of this scheme; Figure 3 This is a bottom-up perspective view of this scheme; Figure 4It is a schematic structural diagram of the energy conversion component of this solution; Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the stone blocking component of this solution; Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixed seat of this solution; Figure 7 It is the front view of this solution; Figure 8 It is the side view of this solution; Figure 9 It is the top view of this solution; Figure 10 It is Figure 9 the sectional view of part A-A of Figure 11 It is Figure 1 the enlarged structural view of part I of Figure 12 It is Figure 10 the enlarged structural view of part II of Figure 13 It is Figure 2 the enlarged structural view of part III of

[0015] Among them, 1. Fixed seat, 2. Fixed plate, 3. Fixed bolt, 4. Cable-pulling type blocking mechanism, 5. Stone blocking component, 6. Angle seat, 7. Angle shaft, 8. Stone blocking plate, 9. Buffer force component, 10. Buffer force block, 11. Buffer force rod, 12. Limit block, 13. Sliding block, 14. Buffer force spring, 15. Anchoring component, 16. Anchoring frame, 17. Anchoring cable, 18. Rotary energy reduction mechanism, 19. Shaped through component, 20. Drilling inlet, 21. Rubber annular pad, 22. Positioning component, 23. Positioning frame, 24. Support plate, 25. Energy conversion component, 26. Cemented carbide turntable, 27. Rubber base, 28. Cemented carbide head, 29. Motor seat, 30. Servo motor, 31. Telescopic transmission shaft, 32. Controller, 33. Distance measuring sensor, 34. Support spring, 35. Fixed angle block, 36. Rotation limit block.

[0016] The attached drawings are used to provide a further understanding of this solution, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of this solution, they are used to explain this solution and do not constitute a limitation to this solution. Specific implementation manners

[0017] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this solution will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the attached drawings in the embodiments of this solution. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this solution, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments in this solution, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this solution.

[0018] In the description of this solution, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of describing this solution and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or component must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on this solution.

[0019] As Figures 1-13 shown, a protective structure for a high and steep slope at the tunnel entrance proposed in this solution includes a fixed seat 1, a fixing plate 2, a fixing bolt 3, a cable-pulling type blocking mechanism 4 and a rotary energy-dissipating mechanism 18. Multiple groups of the fixing plates 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed seat 1. The fixing bolt 3 penetrates through one end of the fixing plate 2 away from the fixed seat 1, and the fixing bolt 3 is threadedly connected to the fixing plate 2. The cable-pulling type blocking mechanism 4 is arranged above the fixed seat 1. The rotary energy-dissipating mechanism 18 is arranged on both sides of the cable-pulling type blocking mechanism 4. The cable-pulling type blocking mechanism 4 includes a boulder-blocking component 5, a force-relieving component 9 and an anchoring component 15. The boulder-blocking component 5 is arranged on the upper wall of the fixed seat 1. The force-relieving component 9 is arranged at one end of the boulder-blocking component 5 away from the fixed seat 1. The anchoring component 15 is arranged on the force-relieving component 9. The rotary energy-dissipating mechanism 18 includes a shape-passing component 19, a positioning component 22 and an energy-converting component 25. The shape-passing component 19 is arranged on the side wall of the boulder-blocking component 5. The positioning component 22 is arranged on both sides of the boulder-blocking component 5. The energy-converting component 25 is arranged on the side of the positioning component 22 away from the boulder-blocking component 5.

[0020] The stone-blocking assembly 5 includes an angle seat 6, an angle shaft 7, a stone-blocking plate 8, a support spring 34, a fixed-angle block 35, and a rotation-limiting block 36. The angle seat 6 is provided on the upper wall of the fixed seat 1. The angle shaft 7 is provided between the angle seats 6. The stone-blocking plate 8 is rotatably provided outside the angle shaft 7. The support spring 34 is provided between the angle seat 6 outside the angle shaft 7 and the stone-blocking plate 8. The fixed-angle blocks 35 are symmetrically provided on the side walls at both ends of the bottom of the stone-blocking plate 8. The rotation-limiting blocks 36 are symmetrically provided on the side walls at both ends of the fixed seat 1, and the fixed-angle block 35 is in contact with the rotation-limiting block 36. The buffering force assembly 9 includes a buffering force block 10, a buffering force rod 11, a limiting block 12, a sliding block 13, and a buffering force spring 14. Multiple groups of the buffering force blocks 10 are symmetrically provided at the top of both sides of the stone-blocking plate 8. The buffering force block 10 is rotatably provided on the side wall of the stone-blocking plate 8. The buffering force rod 11 is provided on the side wall of the buffering force block 10. The limiting block 12 is provided on the side of the buffering force rod 11 away from the buffering force block 10. The sliding block 13 is slidably provided outside the buffering force rod 11. The buffering force spring 14 is provided between the limiting block 12 and the sliding block 13 outside the buffering force rod 11. The anchoring assembly 15 includes an anchoring frame 16, an anchoring cable 17, and a distance measuring sensor 33. The anchoring frame 16 is rotatably provided outside the sliding block 13. The anchoring cable 17 is provided on the side of the anchoring frame 16 away from the limiting block 12. The distance measuring sensor 33 is provided on the inner wall of the anchoring frame 16, and the distance measuring sensor 33 is arranged opposite to the limiting block 12.

[0021] The shape-passing assembly 19 includes a drilling inlet 20 and a rubber annular pad 21. Multiple groups of the drilling inlets 20 are provided on the side wall of the stone-blocking plate 8. The rubber annular pad 21 is provided on the inner wall of the drilling inlet 20. The positioning assembly 22 includes a positioning frame 23 and a support plate 24. The positioning frame 23 is provided on both sides of the angle seat 6. The support plates 24 are symmetrically provided on the side of the positioning frame 23 away from the angle seat 6. The energy-converting assembly 25 includes a cemented carbide turntable 26, a rubber base 27, a cemented carbide tip 28, a motor seat 29, a servo motor 30, and a telescopic transmission shaft 31. Multiple groups of the cemented carbide turntables 26 are rotatably provided on the side of the positioning frame 23 close to the stone-blocking plate 8. The rubber base 27 is provided on the side of the cemented carbide turntable 26 away from the positioning frame 23. Multiple groups of the motor seats 29 are provided on the side of the positioning frame 23 away from the cemented carbide turntable 26. The servo motor 30 is provided inside the motor seat 29. The telescopic transmission shaft 31 passes through the positioning frame 23, the rubber base 27, and the motor seat 29 and is provided between the power end of the servo motor 30 and the cemented carbide tip 28.

[0022] A controller 32 is provided on the side wall of the positioning frame 23.

[0023] The controller 32 is electrically connected to the servo motor 30 and the distance measuring sensor 33 respectively.

[0024] During actual use, base platforms are poured on both sides of the tunnel entrance to be protected. Threaded holes and grooves are reserved on the base platforms. The fixing seat 1 is placed on the base platform, and the fixing bolt 3 is manually rotated. The fixing bolt 3 is screwed into the reserved threaded hole inside, and the support plate 24 is inserted into the groove of the base platform. The fixing seat 1 is fixed on the base platform. The blocking stone plate 8 is inclined under normal conditions, and the included angle between the blocking stone plate 8 and the base platform is between 80 degrees and 85 degrees. The fixed-angle block 35 is in contact with the rotation-limiting block 36; The controller 32 is arranged on the side wall of the positioning frame 23. To avoid the controller 32 from being subjected to large impact vibrations, the controller 32 can be removed from the side wall of the positioning frame 23 and installed on the base platform on the side of the blocking stone plate 8 away from the slope; An anchoring point is pre-set on the slope. One end of the anchoring cable 17 away from the anchoring frame 16 is hinged and positioned at the anchoring point position. After the anchoring cable 17 pulls the blocking stone plate 8 through the buffer block 10, it maintains a straight state by using the rebound tension of the support spring 34. The normal state of the buffer spring 14 is set to be extended. The distance between the distance measuring end of the distance measuring sensor 33 and the limit block 12 is the minimum value. The buffer block 10, the buffer rod 11, the anchoring frame 16 and the anchoring cable 17 are horizontally arranged; When a stone rolls down from the slope, the rolling stone has gravitational potential energy. During the rolling process, the gravitational potential energy will gradually be converted into kinetic energy. When the blocking stone plate 8 blocks the rolling stone, the kinetic energy of the stone is released onto the blocking stone plate 8 in the form of impact. The blocking stone plate 8 receives the impact force from the rolling stone. The blocking stone plate 8 deflects around the angle axis 7 by using the deformation of the support spring 34. When the blocking stone plate 8 deflects, it drives the buffer rod 11 through the buffer block 10. One end of the buffer block 10 close to the blocking stone plate 8 follows it down. At this time, the position of the anchoring point is higher than the buffer block 10. The anchoring cable 17 is fixed at the anchoring point and pulls one end of the buffer block 10 away from the blocking stone plate 8. The buffer block 10 rotates and lifts under the tension of the anchoring cable 17. The sliding block 13, the angle seat 6 and the anchoring cable 17 are in a relatively fixed state. The buffer rod 11 slides along the inner wall of the sliding block 13 to drive the limit block 12 to compress the buffer spring 14. The buffer spring 14 uses the deformation to shorten and buffer the impact force of the stone. After being impacted, the blocking stone plate 8 rebounds and resets, and the blocked rolling stone falls into the groove on the side of the blocking stone plate 8 close to the slope; The limit block 12 moves along with the buffer rod 11 to the side away from the distance measuring sensor 33, and the distance between the distance measuring end of the distance measuring sensor 33 and the limit block 12 increases. The controller 32 controls the distance measuring sensor 33 to start. The distance measuring sensor 33 detects the change in the distance between its distance measuring end and the limit block 12 through the distance measuring end. When the distance between the distance measuring end of the distance measuring sensor 33 and the limit block 12 changes, it indicates that a rolling stone on the slope impacts the blocking stone slab 8. By monitoring the distance between the distance measuring end of the distance measuring sensor 33 and the limit block 12, the change in the falling stone frequency is synchronously monitored. When the distance between the distance measuring end of the distance measuring sensor 33 and the limit block 12 changes frequently, it indicates that the falling stone frequency of the high and steep slopes on both sides of the tunnel entrance has changed, and then it is possible to evaluate whether the implemented protection measures (such as reinforcement projects, vegetation restoration, etc.) are effective, which is convenient for subsequent strengthening of the slope protection operation; The blocking stone slab 8 utilizes the deformation of the buffer spring 14 to rotate and deflect around the angle axis 7 to buffer the impact force of the stone, reducing the load tension of the anchor cable 17 caused by the impact force of the stone. The kinetic energy of the stone falling from a high place is relatively large, and the impact force on the blocking stone slab 8 is increased, causing the buffer spring 14 to be compressed to the shortest value. At this time, the stone continues to impact the blocking stone slab 8 using the unbuffered kinetic energy, and the deflection angle of the blocking stone slab 8 around the angle axis 7 increases. The blocking stone slab 8 drives the fixed angle block 35 away from the limit rotation block 36. As the blocking stone slab 8 deflects, since the cemented carbide tip 28 and the drilling inlet 20 are on the same circular motion trajectory, the blocking stone slab 8 drives the drilling inlet 20 to be sleeved outside the cemented carbide tip 28. The cemented carbide tip 28 utilizes the deformation of the rubber annular pad 21 to expand it, and the diameter of the annular through hole of the rubber annular pad 21 increases. The stone abuts against the cemented carbide tip 28, and the cemented carbide tip 28 is fixed on the positioning frame 23 and uses its spiked part to block the stone, concentrating the impact force of the stone on a smaller contact area to form local high pressure, thereby making it easier to pierce or embed into the stone surface and effectively preventing it from continuing to roll; Under the impact of the stone falling from a high place, the blocking stone slab 8 drives the limit block 12 away from the distance measuring end of the distance measuring sensor 33 through the buffer block 10 and the buffer rod 11, and the distance between the limit block 12 and the distance measuring end of the distance measuring sensor 33 becomes longer. When the distance between the distance measuring end of the distance measuring sensor 33 and the limit block 12 reaches the threshold preset by the operator, the controller 32 controls the servo motor 30 to start. The servo motor 30 drives the telescopic transmission shaft 31 to rotate through the power end. The telescopic transmission shaft 31 drives the cemented carbide tip 28 to rotate to meet the impact of the stone. On the one hand, part of the linear impact kinetic energy of the falling stone is converted into rotational energy through the moment of inertia of the cemented carbide tip 28, reducing the impact force directly transmitted to the blocking stone slab 8 and reducing the load of the protection structure; on the other hand, the rotating cemented carbide tip 28 generates tangential friction during the collision, converting part of the horizontal momentum of the falling stone into the angular momentum of the cemented carbide tip 28, thereby reducing the rebound speed of the stone and reducing the probability of the stone splashing irregularly; After the kinetic energy of the rolling stone is completely buffered, the buffer spring 14 rebounds and resets to drive the blocking stone plate 8 to push the stone in the opposite direction. The blocking stone plate 8 drives the fixed-angle block 35 to fit with the rotation-limiting block 36, and the stone outside the cemented carbide tip 28 rolls along the blocking stone plate 8 into the groove; just repeat the above operation when using it next time.

[0025] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0026] The above describes the present solution and its implementation manners. Such description is not restrictive. What is shown in the drawings is only one of the implementation manners of the present solution, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. All in all, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and design similar structural manners and embodiments without creative efforts without departing from the creative purpose of the present solution, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present solution.

Claims

1. A protective structure for a high and steep slope at the tunnel entrance, comprising a fixed seat, a fixed plate and fixing bolts, characterized in that: It also includes a Sola-type blocking mechanism and a rotary energy reduction mechanism. Multiple groups of the fixed plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed seat. The fixing bolts are penetrated and arranged at one end of the fixed plate away from the fixed seat, and the fixing bolts are threadedly connected to the fixed plate; The Sola-type blocking mechanism includes a stone blocking component, a buffering force component, and an anchoring component; The stone blocking component is arranged on the upper wall of the fixed seat. The buffering force component is arranged at one end of the stone blocking component away from the fixed seat, and the anchoring component is arranged on the buffering force component; The rotary energy reduction mechanism includes a positioning component and an energy conversion component; The positioning component is arranged on both sides of the stone blocking component, and the energy conversion component is arranged on one side of the positioning component away from the stone blocking component; The stone blocking component includes an angle seat, an angle shaft, and a stone blocking plate. The angle seat is arranged on the upper wall of the fixed seat. The angle shaft is arranged between the angle seats. The stone blocking plate is rotatably arranged outside the angle shaft; The buffering force component includes buffering force blocks, buffering force rods, limiting blocks, and sliding blocks. Multiple groups of the buffering force blocks are symmetrically arranged at the top of both sides of the stone blocking plate. The buffering force blocks are rotatably arranged on the side wall of the stone blocking plate. The buffering force rods are arranged on the side wall of the buffering force blocks. The limiting blocks are arranged on one side of the buffering force rods away from the buffering force blocks. The sliding blocks are slidably arranged outside the buffering force rods; The anchoring component includes an anchoring frame and a distance measuring sensor. The anchoring frame is rotatably arranged outside the sliding block. The distance measuring sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the anchoring frame, and the distance measuring sensor is arranged opposite to the limiting block; The positioning component includes a positioning frame, and the positioning frame is arranged on both sides of the angle seat; The energy conversion component includes cemented carbide turntables, rubber bases, and cemented carbide heads. Multiple groups of the cemented carbide turntables are rotatably arranged on one side of the positioning frame close to the stone blocking plate. The rubber bases are arranged on one side of the cemented carbide turntables away from the positioning frame.

2. The protective structure for a high and steep slope at the tunnel entrance according to claim 1, wherein: The rotary energy reduction mechanism also includes a shaped through component, and the shaped through component is arranged on the side wall of the stone blocking component.

3. The protective structure for a high and steep slope at the tunnel entrance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stone blocking component also includes a support spring, a fixed angle block, and a rotation limiting block. The support spring is arranged between the angle seat outside the angle shaft and the stone blocking plate. The fixed angle blocks are symmetrically arranged on the side walls at both ends of the bottom of the stone blocking plate. The rotation limiting blocks are symmetrically arranged on the side walls at both ends of the fixed seat, and the fixed angle blocks are in contact with the rotation limiting blocks.

4. The protective structure for a high and steep slope at the tunnel entrance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffering force component also includes a buffering force spring, and the buffering force spring is arranged between the limiting block and the sliding block outside the buffering force rod.

5. The protective structure for a high and steep slope at the tunnel entrance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchoring component also includes an anchoring cable, and the anchoring cable is arranged on one side of the anchoring frame away from the limiting block.

6. The protective structure for a high and steep slope at the tunnel entrance according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shaped through component includes drilling inlets and rubber annular gaskets. Multiple groups of the drilling inlets are arranged on the side wall of the stone blocking plate, and the rubber annular gaskets are arranged on the inner wall of the drilling inlets.

7. The protective structure for a high and steep slope at the tunnel entrance according to claim 1, wherein: The positioning component also includes support plates, and the support plates are symmetrically arranged on one side of the positioning frame away from the angle seat.

8. A protection structure for a high and steep slope at the tunnel entrance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy conversion component also includes motor seats, servo motors, and telescopic transmission shafts. Multiple groups of the motor seats are arranged on one side of the positioning frame away from the cemented carbide turntables. The servo motors are arranged inside the motor seats. The telescopic transmission shafts penetrate the positioning frame, the rubber base, and the motor seat and are arranged between the power end of the servo motor and the cemented carbide head.

9. The protective structure for a high and steep slope at the tunnel entrance according to claim 1, wherein: A controller is arranged on the side wall of the positioning frame.

10. A protective structure for a high-steep slope at the tunnel entrance according to claim 8, characterized in that: The controller is electrically connected to the servo motor and the distance measuring sensor respectively.

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