Anti-extrusion safety device and method for crane maintenance

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-extrusion safety device and method for crane maintenance. The device comprises a fixed point, a device support, a detachable base, a lifting sliding rail, a cart mechanical limiting anti-collision ruler and a cart laser anti-collision reflecting plate. The device is fixed to a safety channel through the fixing points and the base, and maintainers can install the device without entering a traveling crane operation area. The height and the distance of the mechanical limiting anti-collision ruler and the laser anti-collision reflecting plate are adjusted through the adjusting device, and the mechanical limiting anti-collision ruler and the laser anti-collision reflecting plate are matched with the traveling crane mechanical limiting switch and the laser anti-collision device to form dual protection, so that a production traveling crane is prevented from entering a maintenance area. The method comprises the steps of testing, mounting, adjusting and dismounting. The device is suitable for travelling crane or rail maintenance, extrusion damage and equipment damage are prevented, and safety and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of overhead crane maintenance safety, and particularly relates to an anti-extrusion safety device and method for overhead crane maintenance, which is used to prevent production overhead cranes from entering the maintenance area during the maintenance process of overhead cranes or their tracks, ensuring the safety of maintenance personnel and protecting the integrity of overhead crane equipment. Background Art

[0002] An overhead crane, also known as a gantry crane, is a lifting equipment widely used in the industrial field. It usually realizes the walking function through two parallel I-beam rails installed on the top of the workshop. In metallurgical enterprises, the overhead crane is the core equipment for material transfer, undertaking tasks such as equipment hoisting, transfer of high-temperature materials such as hot metal, molten steel, and steel slag, and products such as steel plates. Due to its high usage frequency during production, the overhead crane and its tracks need to be regularly inspected, maintained, and spot-checked to ensure the safe operation of the equipment and production efficiency. However, the maintenance operation environment of the overhead crane is complex, with various safety risks, including falls from heights, electric shock, and lifting injuries (especially overhead crane extrusion injuries). These risks not only stem from the maintenance operation itself but are also closely related to the operation of other production overhead cranes in the same bay.

[0003] In metallurgical enterprises, multiple overhead cranes are usually deployed in the same bay to meet the high-intensity production requirements. The actual situation on the production site determines that it is impossible for all overhead cranes to stop production and be maintained simultaneously. Therefore, the maintenance operation mostly adopts the method of single overhead crane or partial track maintenance, and other overhead cranes continue to operate normally. To prevent production overhead cranes from entering the maintenance area and causing extrusion injuries, the existing technologies mainly adopt the following measures: one is to install a stop rail on the maintenance overhead crane track to physically block the production overhead crane from entering the maintenance area; the other is to cut off the power supply of the maintenance overhead crane and hang a sign and lock it to prevent it from starting accidentally. These measures have reduced the safety risks of maintenance personnel to a certain extent, but there are still significant deficiencies.

[0004] Firstly, the installation process of the stop rail requires maintenance personnel to enter the overhead crane operation area, usually working on the track or at heights, with risks of extrusion injury and falls from heights. Especially when installing the stop rail, the production overhead crane cannot be powered off due to production requirements and is still operating normally. Maintenance personnel can only communicate with the overhead crane operator before the operation to try to avoid the production overhead crane entering the maintenance area. This passive safety measure relying on human coordination lacks reliability and is difficult to effectively ensure the operation safety. Secondly, the fixity and stability of the stop rail itself have limitations. If the stop rail is not firmly installed, it may not be able to effectively block the production overhead crane, resulting in its entry into the maintenance area and causing extrusion injuries to maintenance personnel. In addition, if the production overhead crane hits the stop rail due to operation errors, it may cause damage to the overhead crane equipment, and even lead to derailment of the overhead crane and falling objects caused by the collision of equipment such as rail cleaners, resulting in serious economic losses and safety accidents.

[0005] These deficiencies in the prior art directly affect the safety and efficiency of locomotive maintenance operations. Especially in processes such as steelmaking and rolling, the high-frequency operation of multiple locomotives within the same bay further amplifies the risks of maintenance operations. The traditional anti-derailer protection method belongs to passive protection, which can only limitedly block the locomotive, lacks the ability to actively limit the running track of the locomotive, and cannot provide effective safety guarantees for maintenance personnel during the installation process. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of safety device and method that can achieve the safe operation of maintenance personnel without affecting production efficiency, while effectively preventing production locomotives from entering the maintenance area to protect personnel safety and equipment integrity. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a safety device and method for preventing extrusion during locomotive maintenance, which solves the risks of extrusion injury and falling from height faced by maintenance personnel when installing anti-derailers during the maintenance of locomotives or locomotive tracks, as well as the problem that production locomotives accidentally enter the maintenance area due to the insufficient passive protection of existing anti-derailers.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A safety device for preventing extrusion during locomotive maintenance, which is used to prevent production locomotives from entering the maintenance area during the maintenance of locomotives or locomotive tracks. The device includes:

[0009] Fixing points are arranged at both ends of the device and fixed on the safety channel railing beside the locomotive running channel for fixing the device;

[0010] The device bracket is connected to the fixing point for supporting the device and maintaining stability;

[0011] The detachable base is fixed on the safety channel ground and connected to the device bracket for providing bottom support;

[0012] The lifting slide rail is installed on the device bracket for adjusting the working height of the device;

[0013] The large vehicle mechanical limit anti-collision ruler is installed on the lifting slide rail through the large vehicle mechanical limit adjustment device and cooperates with the locomotive mechanical limit switch to limit the running track of the locomotive;

[0014] The large vehicle laser anti-collision reflector is installed on the lifting slide rail through the large vehicle laser anti-collision adjustment device and cooperates with the locomotive laser anti-collision device to detect the position of the locomotive;

[0015] The device is fixed to the safety channels on both sides of the crane operation passage through fixed points and detachable bases, enabling maintenance personnel to complete the installation without entering the crane operation area; the mechanical limit anti-collision ruler and laser anti-collision reflector of the trolley can be adjusted in the height and length directions through their respective adjusting devices, and cooperate with the mechanical limit switch and laser anti-collision device on the crane to form a dual protection of mechanical limit and laser anti-collision, preventing the production crane from entering the maintenance area.

[0016] Furthermore, the fixed points are connected to the safety channel railings by bolts, and the detachable bases are fixed to the safety channel ground by bolts, ensuring that the installation of the device does not require working at heights and reducing the risk of falling for maintenance personnel.

[0017] Furthermore, the lifting slide rail is slidably connected to the device bracket and the height is fixed by a locking mechanism to adapt to the height requirements of different crane operation passages.

[0018] Furthermore, the mechanical limit adjusting device and laser anti-collision adjusting device of the trolley respectively include adjustable rods for adjusting the horizontal distances between the mechanical limit anti-collision ruler and laser anti-collision reflector of the trolley and the mechanical limit switch and laser anti-collision device on the crane, ensuring the accuracy of restricting the crane.

[0019] Furthermore, the mechanical limit anti-collision ruler and laser anti-collision reflector of the trolley are respectively arranged on the lifting slide rails at both ends of the maintenance area, and the signal feedback from the mechanical limit switch and laser anti-collision device is used to actively trigger the crane to stop running, preventing it from mistakenly entering the maintenance area.

[0020] A method for preventing extrusion during crane maintenance uses the above-mentioned safety device for preventing extrusion during crane maintenance, utilizes the dual protection of mechanical limit and laser anti-collision to prevent the production crane from entering the maintenance area and ensure the safety of maintenance personnel, and includes the following steps:

[0021] Before maintenance operations, test the effectiveness of the mechanical limit switch and laser anti-collision device for the trolley's travel;

[0022] Determine the maintenance area of the maintenance crane or crane track, and confirm the safety distance at both ends;

[0023] Fix the device bracket on the safety channel through the fixed points, and fix the detachable base and the lifting slide rail;

[0024] Use the mechanical limit adjusting device and laser anti-collision adjusting device of the trolley to adjust the height and horizontal distance of the mechanical limit anti-collision ruler and laser anti-collision reflector so that they are aligned with the mechanical limit switch and laser anti-collision device on the crane;

[0025] After testing the reliability of the device, put it into use, and remove the device after the maintenance is completed.

[0026] Furthermore, when adjusting the mechanical limit anti-collision ruler and the laser anti-collision reflector of the trolley, the height and horizontal distance are precisely set according to the actual size of the trolley running passage to ensure the effectiveness of the dual protection mechanism.

[0027] Preferably, this method is applicable to the scenario of multiple trolleys running within the same bay. By setting the device at both ends of the maintenance area, it prevents production trolleys from straying in and protects the integrity of the trolley equipment.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] Compared with the prior art, during the maintenance process of the trolley or the trolley track, the present invention significantly improves the operation safety, equipment protection ability and operation efficiency. The specific beneficial effects are as follows:

[0030] 1. Significantly improve the safety of maintenance personnel: The installation of traditional anti-rolling stoppers requires maintenance personnel to enter the trolley running area and work at heights, posing risks of crushing injuries and falling from heights. The device of the present invention is installed on the safety passages on both sides of the trolley running passage through fixed points and detachable bases. Maintenance personnel can complete the fixing, adjustment and disassembly of the device on the ground without entering the trolley running area or climbing to the high place of the track. This design completely eliminates the risks of crushing injuries and falling from heights, ensures the life safety of maintenance personnel, and provides reliable safety protection for high-risk industries such as metallurgical enterprises.

[0031] 2. Active dual protection mechanism to enhance the protection effect: The prior art relies on the passive protection of anti-rolling stoppers. Loose installation of anti-rolling stoppers or misoperation of production trolleys may lead to the failure of protection. The present invention adopts a dual protection mechanism that combines a mechanical limit anti-collision ruler with a trolley mechanical limit switch and a laser anti-collision reflector with a laser anti-collision device to actively limit the running track of the production trolley. When the trolley approaches the maintenance area, the mechanical limit or laser anti-collision signal triggers the trolley to stop running, effectively preventing it from straying into the maintenance area. The protection effect far exceeds that of traditional anti-rolling stoppers, reducing the risk of personal injury.

[0032] 3. Effectively protect the trolley equipment and reduce economic losses: If a production trolley strays into the maintenance area and hits the anti-rolling stopper, it may cause damage to the trolley equipment or even derailment, resulting in significant economic losses. The dual protection mechanism of the present invention accurately limits the running track of the trolley, avoids the occurrence of collision accidents, protects the integrity of the trolley equipment, reduces the maintenance cost and production downtime losses, and creates significant economic benefits for the enterprise.

[0033] 4. Simple structure, convenient operation, and strong adaptability: The device of the present invention is composed of components such as fixed points, device brackets, detachable bases, lifting sliding rails, etc. It has a simple structure and is convenient for installation and disassembly. The detachable base and lifting sliding rails are designed to support rapid deployment and recovery. The lifting sliding rails and the adjustment device can flexibly adjust the height and horizontal distance to adapt to the size requirements of different crane operation channels, meet the maintenance needs of various industrial scenarios, and improve the versatility and practicality of the device.

[0034] 5. Improve safety management level and promote industry applications: Through innovative safety devices and methods, the present invention solves the long-existing safety hazards in crane maintenance, significantly improving the safety management level of enterprises. Its successful application in metallurgical enterprises (such as the steelmaking plant of Chongqing Iron & Steel Co., Ltd.) proves its reliability and has the potential to be promoted in industries such as steel, manufacturing, and logistics, providing a new direction for the development of crane maintenance safety technology.

[0035] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the present invention will be described to some extent in the subsequent specification, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the study of the following text, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following specification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail preferably with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the anti-crushing safety device for crane maintenance in the present invention.

[0038] Reference numerals: 1 - fixed point; 2 - device bracket; 3 - lifting sliding rail; 4 - trolley mechanical limit adjustment device; 5 - trolley mechanical limit anti-collision ruler; 6 - laser anti-collision adjustment device; 7 - trolley laser anti-collision reflector; 8 - detachable base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0039] The following specific examples illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention schematically, and the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0040] Among them, the attached drawings are only for illustrative purposes, showing only schematic diagrams rather than physical diagrams, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some components in the attached drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, which does not represent the dimensions of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the attached drawings may be omitted.

[0041] In the attached drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicating the orientation or positional relationship, they are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the attached drawings. This is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the attached drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] Embodiment 1: Structure and Installation of Anti-Crushing Safety Device for Crane Maintenance

[0043] As Figure 1 shown, the anti-crushing safety device for crane maintenance of the present invention includes the following components: fixed point 1, device bracket 2, lifting slide rail 3, trolley mechanical limit adjustment device 4, trolley mechanical limit anti-collision ruler 5, trolley laser anti-collision adjustment device 6, trolley laser anti-collision reflector 7 and detachable base 8.

[0044] The assembly and installation process of the device is as follows:

[0045] Installation of fixed point 1: Fixed point 1 is a metal connector, which is set at both ends of the device and fixed to the safety passage railing beside the crane operation passage by M12 bolts. Fixed point 1 is made of high-strength steel to ensure the overall stability of the device.

[0046] Device bracket 2 and detachable base 8: Device bracket 2 is a rectangular steel frame, which is connected to fixed point 1 by welding to support the overall structure of the device. Detachable base 8 is a steel bottom plate, which is fixed to the safety passage ground by M16 bolts and connected to the bottom of device bracket 2 by bolts. Detachable base 8 is designed with positioning holes for quick installation and disassembly.

[0047] Lifting slide rail 3: Lifting slide rail 3 is a stainless steel chute, which is vertically installed on both sides of device bracket 2 and supports height adjustment through sliding connection. There are locking bolts on lifting slide rail 3. After adjusting to the required height, tighten the lock to ensure stability.

[0048] The large vehicle mechanical limit anti-collision ruler 5: The large vehicle mechanical limit anti-collision ruler 5 is a steel bar-shaped component, which is installed on the lifting slide rail 3 through the large vehicle mechanical limit adjustment device 4. The large vehicle mechanical limit adjustment device 4 includes a telescopic rod member and a locking nut, which can adjust the height and horizontal extension distance of the large vehicle mechanical limit anti-collision ruler 5 to accurately align it with the mechanical limit switch on the traveling crane.

[0049] The large vehicle laser anti-collision reflector 7: The large vehicle laser anti-collision reflector 7 is a high-reflectivity metal plate, which is installed on the lifting slide rail 3 through the large vehicle laser anti-collision adjustment device 6. The large vehicle laser anti-collision adjustment device 6 uses a telescopic rod member to support the precise adjustment of the large vehicle laser anti-collision reflector 7 in the height and horizontal directions to ensure alignment with the laser emitter of the traveling crane laser anti-collision device.

[0050] After installation, the device is fixed on the safety passages at both ends of the maintenance area, and maintenance personnel do not need to enter the traveling crane operation area or perform high-altitude operations. The large vehicle mechanical limit anti-collision ruler 5 and the large vehicle laser anti-collision reflector 7 cooperate with the traveling crane mechanical limit switch and the laser anti-collision device respectively. When the production traveling crane approaches the maintenance area, the trigger signal stops the operation of the traveling crane, forming a double protection of mechanical limit and laser anti-collision to prevent extrusion injuries and equipment damage.

[0051] Embodiment 2: Implementation process of the anti-extrusion method for traveling crane maintenance

[0052] This embodiment describes the complete process of the anti-extrusion method for traveling crane maintenance using the device described in Embodiment 1, which is applicable to the maintenance scenarios of metallurgical enterprises with multiple traveling cranes operating in the same bay. The process is as follows:

[0053] Pre-test: Before maintenance operations, use test equipment to check the effectiveness of the traveling crane large vehicle traveling mechanical limit switch and the laser anti-collision device. Ensure that the mechanical limit switch can trigger a stop signal when contacting the large vehicle mechanical limit anti-collision ruler 5, and the laser anti-collision device can issue a stop command when detecting the large vehicle laser anti-collision reflector 7.

[0054] Determine the maintenance area: According to the specific location of the maintenance traveling crane or the traveling crane track, determine the scope of the maintenance area, and reserve a safety distance of 2 meters at each end of the area to ensure the proper installation position of the device.

[0055] Device installation: On the safety passage, use M12 bolts to fix the fixing point 1 to the railing and connect the device bracket 2. Fix the detachable base 8 to the ground through M16 bolts, and install the lifting slide rail 3 on the device bracket 2. Adjust the height of the lifting slide rail 3 and lock it to ensure that it matches the height of the traveling crane track.

[0056] Adjustment and protection components: Use the large vehicle mechanical limit adjustment device 4 to adjust the height and horizontal extension distance of the large vehicle mechanical limit anti-collision ruler 5 so that it aligns with the trigger point of the traveling crane mechanical limit switch, and the distance error is controlled within ±5 mm. Use the large vehicle laser anti-collision adjustment device 6 to adjust the position of the large vehicle laser anti-collision reflector 7 to ensure alignment with the laser beam of the traveling crane laser anti-collision device and stable reflection signals.

[0057] Reliability test: After installation, simulate a production traveling crane approaching the maintenance area to verify whether the large vehicle mechanical limit anti-collision ruler 5 and the large vehicle laser anti-collision reflector 7 can trigger the traveling crane to stop running. After passing the test, the device is put into use.

[0058] Maintenance and removal: Conduct maintenance on the traveling crane or track under the protection of the device. After the maintenance is completed, loosen the bolts of the fixed point 1 and the detachable base 8, remove the device, and restore the normal operation of the traveling crane.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the purpose and scope of the present technical solution, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safety device for preventing extrusion during overhead crane maintenance, which is used to prevent the production overhead crane from entering the maintenance area during the maintenance of the overhead crane or its track. It is characterized in that, The device includes: Fixed points, which are set at both ends of the device and fixed on the safety channel railing beside the running channel of the traveling crane, for fixing the device; The device bracket, which is connected to the fixed points, for supporting the device and maintaining stability; The detachable base, which is fixed on the ground of the safety channel and connected to the device bracket, for providing bottom support; The lifting slide rail, which is installed on the device bracket, for adjusting the working height of the device; The anti-collision ruler for the mechanical limit of the trolley, which is installed on the lifting slide rail through the mechanical limit adjusting device of the trolley and cooperates with the mechanical limit switch of the traveling crane to limit the running track of the traveling crane; The anti-collision reflector for laser of the trolley, which is installed on the lifting slide rail through the laser anti-collision adjusting device of the trolley and cooperates with the laser anti-collision device of the traveling crane to detect the position of the traveling crane; The device is fixed on the safety channels on both sides of the traveling crane running channel through the fixed points and the detachable base. Maintenance personnel can complete the installation without entering the traveling crane running area; the anti-collision ruler for the mechanical limit of the trolley and the anti-collision reflector for laser are adjustable in the height and length directions through their respective adjusting devices, and cooperate with the mechanical limit switch and the laser anti-collision device on the traveling crane to form a double protection of mechanical limit and laser anti-collision, preventing the production traveling crane from entering the maintenance area.

2. The anti - extrusion safety device for vehicle maintenance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed points are connected to the safety channel railing by bolts, and the detachable base is fixed on the safety channel ground by bolts, ensuring that the installation of the device does not require working at heights and reducing the risk of falling for maintenance personnel.

3. The safety device for preventing extrusion during vehicle maintenance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting slide rail is slidably connected to the device bracket and the height is fixed by a locking mechanism to adapt to the height requirements of different traveling crane running channels.

4. The safety device for preventing extrusion during driving inspection according to claim 1, wherein: The mechanical limit adjusting device and the laser anti-collision adjusting device of the trolley respectively include adjustable rods, which are used to adjust the horizontal distance between the anti-collision ruler for the mechanical limit of the trolley and the anti-collision reflector for laser and the mechanical limit switch and the laser anti-collision device of the traveling crane to ensure the accuracy of restricting the traveling crane.

5. The anti-pinch safety device for vehicle maintenance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-collision ruler for the mechanical limit of the trolley and the anti-collision reflector for laser are respectively arranged on the lifting slide rails at both ends of the maintenance area. Through the signal feedback of the mechanical limit switch and the laser anti-collision device, the traveling crane is actively triggered to stop running, preventing it from mistakenly entering the maintenance area.

6. A method for preventing extrusion during vehicle maintenance, characterized in that: When using the anti-extrusion safety device for traveling crane maintenance as described in any one of claims 1-5, using the double protection of mechanical limit and laser anti-collision to prevent the production traveling crane from entering the maintenance area and ensuring the safety of maintenance personnel, the following steps are included: Before the maintenance operation, test the effectiveness of the mechanical limit switch and the laser anti-collision device for the traveling of the traveling crane; Determine the maintenance area of the traveling crane to be maintained or the traveling crane track, and confirm the safety distance at both ends; Fix the device bracket on the safety channel through the fixed points, and fix the detachable base and the lifting slide rail; Use the mechanical limit adjusting device and the laser anti-collision adjusting device of the trolley to adjust the height and horizontal distance of the anti-collision ruler for the mechanical limit of the trolley and the anti-collision reflector for laser to align them with the mechanical limit switch and the laser anti-collision device of the traveling crane; After testing the reliability of the device, put it into use, and remove the device after the maintenance is completed.

7. The anti-extrusion method according to claim 6, characterized in that: When adjusting the anti-collision ruler for the mechanical limit of the trolley and the anti-collision reflector for laser, according to the actual size of the traveling crane running channel, accurately set the height and horizontal distance to ensure the effectiveness of the double protection mechanism.

8. The anti-extrusion method according to claim 6, characterized in that: This method is applicable to the scenario where multiple overhead cranes operate within the same span. By setting the said device at both ends of the maintenance area, it prevents production overhead cranes from straying in and protects the integrity of the overhead crane equipment.

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