Single well skid-mounted flow testing device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum equipment, in particular to a single well skid-mounted flow testing device and method which are used for flow metering and parameter detection of oil and gas well products. By means of the modularized skid-mounted design, the gas-liquid separation, double-flow metering, water content detection, pipeline cleaning and heat preservation functions are integrated, and therefore the device can be suitable for various field environments to stably work for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil equipment, and particularly relates to a single-well skid-mounted flow test device and method for flow measurement and parameter detection of oil and gas well products. Background Art

[0002] The defects of traditional oil and gas well test devices are as follows: the gas-liquid separation and flow measurement equipment are separate, with complex installation and large floor area; the device lacks real-time water cut detection and data remote transmission functions and relies on manual operation; liquids are prone to condensation in low-temperature environments, affecting test accuracy; the purging design is insufficient, posing potential safety hazards. The present invention solves the above problems through modular skid-mounted design, integrating gas-liquid separation, dual flow measurement, water cut detection, pipeline cleaning, and heat preservation functions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This device adopts an integrated skid-mounted framework, including the following modules: liquid inlet module: the liquid inlet of the T-valve is connected to the external pipeline; the T-valve is used to switch pipelines; gas-liquid separation module: the gas-liquid separation chamber utilizes the gravity sedimentation phenomenon that gas rises and liquid falls during natural gas-liquid separation to achieve the separation of gas and liquid; measurement module: gas flowmeter and liquid flowmeter: equipped with electromagnetic sensors and adopting the float flow measurement principle to measure the gas and liquid flows respectively; water cut tester: calculates the water cut by detecting the impedance characteristic change of the oil-water mixture to the radio frequency signal through the radio frequency method; purging and heating module: the purging nitrogen cylinder is connected to the purging inlet valve through an intake hose to clean the internal impurities of the pipeline before and after testing and prevent impurities such as crude oil caking from blocking the pipeline; explosion-proof heating tape: wrapped outside the water cut test chamber to maintain the medium temperature; data processing and remote transmission module: integrating a PLC controller to process the flow and water cut data and wirelessly transmit the collected data such as the liquid production volume, water cut, temperature, and pressure of the oil well to the gateway. The gateway transmits the data to the server through wireless methods such as GPRS, CDMA, bridge, and spread spectrum radio. The server analyzes and calculates the data, and the data such as the liquid production volume, water cut, temperature, and pressure of the oil well can be viewed in real time through the website.

[0004] Preferably, the device part includes a T-valve liquid inlet, pipeline A, water content test chamber, explosion-proof heating tape, water content tester, check valve, gas-liquid separation device, gas flowmeter, gas pipeline, manual valve, liquid pipeline, liquid flowmeter, pipeline B, liquid outlet, purge nitrogen cylinder, intake hose, purge intake valve A, purge intake valve B, fixing bracket, data processing and remote transmission module; among them, the T-valve liquid inlet is the crude oil inlet, and the T-valve liquid inlet itself is an opening of the T-valve, and the other two openings of the T-valve are respectively connected to pipeline A and pipeline B; pipeline A is connected to the water content test chamber; the top of the water content test chamber is connected to the water content tester, and the side of the water content test chamber is connected to the check valve; the check valve is connected to the gas-liquid separation device; the top of the gas-liquid separation device is connected to the gas flowmeter, and the bottom of the gas-liquid separation device is connected to the liquid pipeline; the gas flowmeter is connected to the gas pipeline; a manual valve is provided in the middle of the gas pipeline, and the bottom of the gas pipeline is connected to the liquid outlet; the liquid pipeline is connected to the liquid flowmeter; the liquid flowmeter is connected to the liquid outlet; pipeline B is connected to the gas-liquid separation device, and purge intake valve A is provided on pipeline B; purge intake valve B is provided on pipeline A; the purge nitrogen cylinder is connected to the intake hose; the outside of the water content test chamber is wrapped with an explosion-proof heating tape; the fixing bracket is connected to fix the data processing and remote transmission module.

[0005] Preferably, the method is characterized in that by integrating a gas-liquid separation module, a metering module, a purge and heating module, and a data processing and remote transmission module, the following are sequentially realized: separation of gas and liquid; metering of gas and liquid flow rates and testing of the water content of the oil-water mixture; cleaning the pipeline before and after the device is used and maintaining the medium temperature; processing the flow rate and water content data and wirelessly transmitting the collected data such as the liquid production volume, water content, temperature, and pressure of the oil well to the gateway.

[0006] Preferably, the components mentioned in the present invention are all designed with anti-corrosion and explosion-proof materials.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By combining a gas-liquid separation module, a metering module, a purge and heating module, and a data processing and remote transmission module, a modular skid-mounted design is realized, and the layout of each functional module is compact, supporting rapid hoisting and movement. The present invention is applicable to onshore / offshore oil and gas wells and shale gas wells for on-site testing, which can greatly reduce labor costs and improve test efficiency and data reliability. Description of the Drawings

[0008] Figure 1 It is an overall structural schematic diagram of a single-well skid-mounted flow rate testing device and method.

[0009] Figure 2 It is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the gas-liquid separation device of a single-well skid-mounted flow rate testing device and method.

[0010] Figure 3It is a schematic external structure diagram of the data processing and remote transmission module of a single-well skid-mounted flow test device and method.

[0011] In the figure: 101 - T-shaped valve liquid inlet, 102 - pipeline A, 103 - water cut test chamber, 104 - explosion-proof heating tape, 105 - water cut tester, 106 - check valve, 107 - gas-liquid separation device, 108 - gas flowmeter, 109 - gas pipeline, 110 - manual valve, 111 - liquid pipeline, 112 - liquid flowmeter, 113 - pipeline B, 114 - liquid outlet, 115 - purge nitrogen cylinder, 116 - intake hose, 117 - purge intake valve A, 118 - purge intake valve B, 119 - fixing frame, 120 - data processing and remote transmission module, 1071 - float, 1072 - float connecting rod, 1073 - separated gas channel, 1074 - separated gas outlet, 1075 - separated liquid outlet, 1201 - start-stop button, 1202 - display screen, 1203 - spare button A, 1204 - spare button B, 1205 - spare button C, 1206 - external housing. Detailed implementation manners

[0012] An embodiment of the present invention provides a single-well skid-mounted flow test device and method, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, a single-well skid-mounted flow test device and method. The device structure includes a T-valve liquid inlet 101, pipeline A 102, water cut test chamber 103, explosion-proof heating tape 104, water cut tester 105, check valve 106, gas-liquid separation device 107, gas flowmeter 108, gas pipeline 109, manual valve 110, liquid pipeline 111, liquid flowmeter 112, pipeline B 113, liquid outlet 114, purge nitrogen cylinder 115, intake hose 116, purge intake valve A 117, purge intake valve B 118, fixing bracket 119, and data processing and remote transmission module 120. Among them, the T-valve liquid inlet 101 is the crude oil inlet. The T-valve liquid inlet 101 itself is an opening of the T-valve. The other two openings of the T-valve are respectively connected to pipeline A 102 and pipeline B 113. The pipeline A 102 is connected to the water cut test chamber 103. The top of the water cut test chamber 103 is connected to the water cut tester 105, and the side of the water cut test chamber 103 is connected to the check valve 106. The check valve 106 is connected to the gas-liquid separation device 107. The top of the gas-liquid separation device 107 is connected to the gas flowmeter 108, and the bottom of the gas-liquid separation device 107 is connected to the liquid pipeline 111. The gas flowmeter 108 is connected to the gas pipeline 109. A manual valve 110 is provided in the middle section of the gas pipeline 109, and the bottom of the gas pipeline 109 is connected to the liquid outlet 114. The liquid pipeline 111 is connected to the liquid flowmeter 112. The liquid flowmeter 112 is connected to the liquid outlet 114. The pipeline B 113 is connected to the gas-liquid separation device 107, and a purge intake valve A 117 is provided on the pipeline B 113. A purge intake valve B 118 is provided on the pipeline A 102. The purge nitrogen cylinder 115 is connected to the intake hose 116. The outside of the water cut test chamber 103 is wrapped with an explosion-proof heating tape 104. The fixing bracket 119 is connected to fix the data processing and remote transmission module 120.

[0013] As Figure 2 shown in the figure, the internal structure of a single-well skid-mounted flow test device and method, its gas-liquid separation device 107 includes a float 1071, a float connecting rod 1072, a separated gas channel 1073, a separated gas outlet 1074, and a separated liquid outlet 1075. The float 1071 is located in the middle of the cavity of the gas-liquid separation device 107. The float 1071 is made of stainless steel, with a hollow interior and can ensure that it will not deform under a pressure of 3 MPa. The weight of the float 1701 does not exceed the buoyancy of the liquid. When the liquid runs full in the pipe, the float 1071 will float up, pushing the top float connecting rod 1072 into the separated gas channel 1073 to form a sealed state, ensuring that the liquid will not flow through the gas channel.

[0014] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, a single-well skid-mounted flow test device and method. The external structure of its data processing and remote transmission module 120 includes a start-stop button 1201, a display screen 1202, a spare button A 1203, a spare button B 1204, a spare button C 1205, and an external housing 1206. The start-stop button 1201 is used for "start". For a single-well skid-mounted flow test device, in the start mode, pressing this button is used to stop a single-well skid-mounted flow test device. The display screen 1202 is used to display parameters such as the well number, pressure, temperature, water cut, liquid volume, and acquisition duration of the currently collected data. The spare button A 1203, spare button B 1204, and spare button C 1205 are spare buttons reserved for installing other oil well test equipment or auxiliary tools according to the needs of the oil field site.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present invention, when a single-well skid-mounted flow test device and method are in a working state, first press the start-stop button 1201 of the data processing and remote transmission module 120 to change the device from an unstarted state to a started state. After the device is started, the explosion-proof heating tape 104 wrapped around the outside of the water cut test chamber 103 starts to heat the water cut test chamber 103. Since the pipeline structure of the device is made of metal, the heat generated by the explosion-proof heating tape 104 is gradually conducted to each part of the pipeline by using the good heat conductivity of the metal material. If it is necessary to test the water cut of the crude oil, turn the T-valve to adjust the crude oil pipeline path to flow into the water cut test chamber 103 through pipeline A102. The water cut tester 105 is responsible for testing the water cut data of the crude oil in the water cut test chamber 103. After measuring the water cut, the crude oil flows into the gas-liquid separation device 107 through the one-way valve 106. In the gas-liquid separation device 107, the separation of gas and liquid is achieved by using the gravity sedimentation phenomenon that gas rises and liquid falls in the natural gas-liquid separation. The separated gas flows into the gas flowmeter 108 through the separation gas channel 1073 and the separation gas outlet inside the gas-liquid separation device 107. The gas flowmeter 108 measures the flow rate of the separated gas. The separated gas that has completed the gas flow measurement is discharged through the liquid outlet after passing through the gas path 109 and the passage of the manual valve 110. The separated liquid that has completed the liquid separation in the gas-liquid separation device 107 flows through the separation liquid outlet 1075 inside the gas-liquid separation device 107, through the liquid path 111, and into the liquid flowmeter 112. The liquid flowmeter 112 measures the flow rate of the separated liquid. The separated liquid that has completed the liquid flow measurement is discharged through the liquid outlet 114. If it is not necessary to test the water cut of the crude oil, turn the T-valve to adjust the crude oil pipeline path to flow into the gas-liquid separation device 107 through pipeline B113. In the gas-liquid separation device 107, the separation of gas and liquid is achieved by using the gravity sedimentation phenomenon that gas rises and liquid falls in the natural gas-liquid separation. The separated gas flows into the gas flowmeter 108 through the separation gas channel 1073 and the separation gas outlet inside the gas-liquid separation device 107. The gas flowmeter 108 measures the flow rate of the separated gas. The separated gas that has completed the gas flow measurement is discharged through the liquid outlet after passing through the gas path 109 and the passage of the manual valve 110. The separated liquid that has completed the liquid separation in the gas-liquid separation device 107 flows through the separation liquid outlet 1075 inside the gas-liquid separation device 107, through the liquid path 111, and into the liquid flowmeter 112. The liquid flowmeter 112 measures the flow rate of the separated liquid. The separated liquid that has completed the liquid flow measurement is discharged through the liquid outlet 114.When it is necessary to clean the impurities inside the pipeline, first adjust the start-stop button 1201 of the data processing and remote transmission module 120 from the start state to the stop state. Solution 1: Turn the T-valve to adjust the crude oil pipeline path to pass through pipeline A102. Connect the outlet of the purge nitrogen cylinder 115 to one end of the intake hose 116, and connect the other end of the intake hose 116 to the purge intake valve B118. After the connection is completed, adjust the purge intake valve B118 to the open position, open the purge nitrogen cylinder 115, and use nitrogen to purge and clean the inside of the pipeline through the T-valve liquid outlet 101, pipeline A102, water content test chamber 103, check valve 106, gas-liquid separation device 107, gas flow meter 108, gas path 109, manual valve 110 path, and liquid outlet. Solution 2: When cleaning pipeline B113, connect the outlet of the purge nitrogen cylinder 115 to one end of the intake hose 116, and connect the other end of the intake hose 116 to the purge intake valve A117. After the connection is completed, adjust the purge intake valve A117 to the open position, open the purge nitrogen cylinder 115, and use nitrogen to purge and clean the inside of the pipeline through the T-valve liquid outlet 101, pipeline B113, gas-liquid separation device 107, gas flow meter 108, gas path 109, manual valve 110 path, and liquid outlet. By using the above two solutions, impurities inside the pipeline that affect fluid flow, such as crude oil lumps, are removed to ensure the smoothness of the pipeline.

[0016] In summary, the detection device provided by the present invention adopts a modular skid-mounted design, can be directly connected to the crude oil transportation pipeline, has a moderate volume, occupies a small space, and is convenient for installation and daily maintenance. This device integrates functions of gas-liquid separation, dual flow measurement, water content detection, pipeline cleaning, and heat preservation, so that it can be applicable to various field environments and work stably for a long time.

[0017] The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-well skid-mounted flow testing device and method, characterized in that This device adopts an integrated skid-mounted framework, including the following modules: Liquid inlet module: The liquid inlet of the T-valve is connected to the external pipeline; The T-valve is used to switch the pipeline; Gas-liquid separation module: The gas-liquid separation chamber utilizes the gravity sedimentation phenomenon of gas rising and liquid falling in natural gas-liquid separation to achieve the separation of gas and liquid; Metering module: Gas flowmeter and liquid flowmeter: Equipped with electromagnetic sensors and using the float flow metering principle to measure the gas and liquid flow rates respectively; Water cut tester: Detects the change of the impedance characteristics of the oil-water mixture to the radio frequency signal by the radio frequency method to calculate the water cut; Purge and heating module: The purge nitrogen cylinder is connected to the purge inlet valve through the inlet hose to clean the internal impurities of the pipeline before and after testing, preventing impurities such as crude oil caking from blocking the pipeline; Explosion-proof heating tape: Wrapped outside the water cut test chamber to maintain the medium temperature; Data processing and remote transmission module: Integrates a PLC controller to process the flow rate and water cut data and wirelessly transmits the collected data such as the liquid production volume, water cut, temperature, and pressure of the oil well to the gateway. The gateway transmits the data to the server through wireless methods such as GPRS, CDMA, bridge, and spread spectrum radio. The server analyzes and calculates the data, and the data such as the liquid production volume, water cut, temperature, and pressure of the oil well can be viewed in real time through the website.

2. The single-well skid-mounted flow rate testing device and method according to claim 1, wherein The device part includes a T-valve liquid inlet, pipeline A, water cut test chamber, explosion-proof heating tape, water cut tester, check valve, gas-liquid separation device, gas flowmeter, gas circuit, manual valve, liquid circuit, liquid flowmeter, pipeline B, liquid outlet, purge nitrogen cylinder, inlet hose, purge inlet valve A, purge inlet valve B, fixing bracket, and data processing and remote transmission module; among them, the T-valve liquid inlet is the crude oil inlet, and the T-valve liquid inlet itself is an opening of the T-valve. The other two openings of the T-valve are respectively connected to pipeline A and pipeline B; Pipeline A is connected to the water cut test chamber; The top of the water cut test chamber is connected to the water cut tester, and the side of the water cut test chamber is connected to the check valve; The check valve is connected to the gas-liquid separation device; The top of the gas-liquid separation device is connected to the gas flowmeter, and the bottom of the gas-liquid separation device is connected to the liquid circuit; The gas flowmeter is connected to the gas circuit; A manual valve is provided in the middle of the gas circuit, and the bottom of the gas circuit is connected to the liquid outlet; The liquid circuit is connected to the liquid flowmeter; The liquid flowmeter is connected to the liquid outlet; Pipeline B is connected to the gas-liquid separation device, and purge inlet valve A is provided on pipeline B; Purge inlet valve B is provided on pipeline A; The purge nitrogen cylinder is connected to the inlet hose; The outside of the water cut test chamber is wrapped with an explosion-proof heating tape; The fixing bracket is connected to fix the data processing and remote transmission module.

3. The single-well skid-mounted flow rate testing device and method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method is to utilize the integration of the gas-liquid separation module, metering module, purge and heating module, and data processing and remote transmission module to sequentially achieve: the separation of gas and liquid; the metering of gas and liquid flow rates and the testing of the water cut of the oil-water mixture; cleaning the pipeline before and after using the device and maintaining the medium temperature; processing the flow rate and water cut data and wirelessly transmitting the collected data such as the liquid production volume, water cut, temperature, and pressure of the oil well to the gateway.

4. The single-well skid-mounted flow rate testing device and method according to claim 1, characterized in that, All components mentioned in the present invention are designed with anti-corrosion and explosion-proof materials.

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