Protective device for mining

Abstract

The invention relates to a protective device for mining. The method is suitable for safety protection technology. According to the technical scheme, a left stand column and a right stand column are detachably installed at the two ends of a transverse box through connecting assemblies respectively, and a protective net is arranged between the left stand column and the right stand column; the vibration sensor can send vibration information when the protective net is impacted; the protective net adjusting mechanism is used for controlling winding, releasing and fixing of the protective net; the position adjusting mechanism can adjust the position of the driving end of the position adjusting mechanism in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction; the detection mechanism can be driven by the position adjusting mechanism to carry out damage detection on the protective net; the control assembly can start the position adjusting mechanism to drive the detection mechanism to detect the protective net when the vibration information is obtained, and if the protective net damage information is obtained in the detection process, the protective net adjusting mechanism is controlled, so that the left stand column releases a new protective net with the preset length to replace a damaged area, and the safety of the protective net is improved. The right stand column correspondingly winds the damaged protective net.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of safety protection, and in particular to a protection device for mine exploitation. Background Art

[0002] Mine exploitation refers to the process of processing mines. During the exploitation process, machinery and transportation equipment are used. Both exploitation and transportation have certain risks. There are workers and various auxiliary instruments at the exploitation site. Therefore, it is necessary to protect and ensure the safety of workers and auxiliary instruments.

[0003] Currently, during the use of most safety protection devices, the protective net on the surface of the protection device will be damaged due to problems such as rock fall impact and mechanical damage. However, the environment in the mine exploitation area is relatively complex. When the protective net is damaged, it is difficult for operators to discover it in time and repair the damaged protective net. When the operator does not replace the damaged protective net in time, the protective ability of the protection device will become poor, easily resulting in injuries to personnel and damage to equipment.

[0004] At the same time, the protection device is usually a welded integrated structure. When a certain component of the protection device is deformed and damaged, the entire protection device needs to be removed and repaired, which not only has a relatively high overall cost but also leads to a large workload for operators.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a protection device for mine exploitation to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the above problems, to provide a protection device for mine exploitation.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a protection device for mine exploitation, comprising:

[0008] A horizontal box, with a left vertical column and a right vertical column detachably installed at both ends through connection components respectively, and a protective net is arranged between the left vertical column and the right vertical column;

[0009] A vibration sensor, arranged on the side wall of the left vertical column or the right vertical column, capable of sending vibration information when the protective net is impacted;

[0010] A protective net adjusting mechanism, arranged inside the left vertical column and the right vertical column, connected to the protective net, and used to control the winding, releasing, and fixing of the protective net;

[0011] A position adjusting mechanism, arranged on the wall surface of the horizontal box, capable of adjusting the position of its driving end in the horizontal and vertical directions;

[0012] The detection mechanism is installed at the driving end of the position adjustment mechanism, and can detect damage to the protective net under the drive of the position adjustment mechanism, and issue a protective net damage information when a damaged area is detected;

[0013] The control component is arranged on the side wall of the left column or the right column, and is communicatively connected with the vibration sensor, the protective net adjustment mechanism, the position adjustment mechanism, and the detection mechanism. When the vibration information is obtained, the position adjustment mechanism is activated to drive the detection mechanism to detect the protective net. If the protective net is damaged during the detection process, the protective net adjustment mechanism is controlled to release a new protective net of a preset length from the left column to replace the damaged area, and the right column is responsible for rewinding the damaged protective net.

[0014] Through the above-mentioned technical means, by installing a vibration sensor, it can generate vibration information when the protective net is impacted. The control component controls the position adjustment mechanism to drive the detection mechanism to inspect the protective net, which can quickly locate and detect the damaged area, realizing real-time monitoring and rapid response to the status of the protective net. The protective net adjustment mechanism is then controlled to adjust and release a new protective net, so that the new protective net replaces the damaged one, reducing the need for manual intervention and improving repair efficiency and safety.

[0015] In some embodiments, the protective net adjustment mechanism includes a replacement component, a tension component and a locking component. The tension component and the locking component are both communicatively connected to the control component. Replacement components are provided inside the left column and the right column. The protective net is provided between a pair of replacement components. A locking component is provided at the bottom of the replacement component inside the left column. The locking component is used to control the locking and unlocking of the first end of the protective net. A tension component is provided at the bottom of the replacement component inside the right column. The tension component is used to pull the second end of the protective net to adjust the tension of the protective net.

[0016] In some embodiments, the replacement component includes a replacement shaft and a support plate. The replacement shaft is axially rotatably installed inside the left column and the right column. The bottom of the replacement shaft is sleeved with a support plate. The protective net is wrapped around the side walls of a pair of replacement shafts. The inner bottom of the left column is provided with the locking component. The locking component and the replacement shaft can be snap-fitted. The locking component locks the first end of the protective net by limiting the rotation of the replacement shaft. The inner bottom of the right column is provided with the tension component. The tension component is transmission-connected to the bottom end of the replacement shaft. The tension component pulls the second end of the protective net by driving the rotation of the replacement shaft.

[0017] In some embodiments, the tension assembly includes a cylinder, a tension cylinder, a pressing plate, a square plate, a conductive block, a conductive plate, an external power source, and a replacement motor. The replacement motor is communicatively connected to the control assembly. The conductive plate is electrically connected to the control assembly. The conductive block is electrically connected to the external power source. The bottom end of the replacement shaft inside the right column is connected to a tension cylinder through the support plate. A replacement motor is installed at the inner bottom of the right column. The output end of the replacement motor is connected to a cylinder coaxial with the tension cylinder. A pair of pressing plates are symmetrically connected to the inner wall of the tension cylinder. A pair of square plates are symmetrically connected to the outer side wall of the cylinder. A spring is connected between each of the pair of pressing plates and the adjacent square plate along the same circumferential direction. A conductive plate is embedded in the inner wall of the tension cylinder. The conductive plate is located in the area between the square plate and the pressing plate and is connected by a spring. A conductive block is connected to the end of the square plate close to the conductive plate. When the conductive block contacts the conductive plate, the conductive plate can send an electrical signal to the control assembly.

[0018] In some embodiments, the locking assembly includes a deceleration plate, a circular plate, a micro electric push rod, a locking pin, and a positioning member. The micro electric push rod is communicatively connected to the control assembly. The bottom of the replacement shaft inside the left column is connected to a deceleration plate. Arc-shaped grooves are symmetrically provided on the bottom end surface of the deceleration plate. Locking holes are symmetrically penetrated through the deceleration plate. A micro electric push rod is installed at the inner bottom of the left column. The output end of the micro electric push rod is rotatably connected to a circular plate. A group of positioning members capable of elastically stretching in the vertical direction are symmetrically provided on the circular plate. The top of the positioning member is inserted and matched with the arc-shaped groove. A group of locking pins are symmetrically provided on the circular plate. The micro electric push rod can drive the locking pins to pass through the locking holes to lock the deceleration plate.

[0019] In some embodiments, the positioning member includes an arc-shaped seat, a cylinder, and a sliding plate. A group of cylinders corresponding to the arc-shaped grooves are installed through the circular plate. The inner bottom of the cylinder is connected to an arc-shaped seat through a spring. A sliding groove is provided inside the cylinder. A sliding plate capable of slidingly cooperating with the sliding groove is connected to the circumferential side of the arc-shaped seat. The top of the arc-shaped seat is adapted to the arc-shaped groove.

[0020] In some embodiments, the position adjustment mechanism includes a first lead screw linear module, a second lead screw linear module, a bent rod, and a detection box. Both the first lead screw linear module and the second lead screw linear module are communicatively connected to the control assembly. The first lead screw linear module is installed on the lateral outer wall of the horizontal box. The output end of the first lead screw linear module is connected to a vertically arranged detection box through a bent rod. A second lead screw linear module is installed vertically inside the detection box. The output end of the second lead screw linear module is the driving end. The output end of the second lead screw linear module is connected to the detection mechanism. The first lead screw linear module can drive the second lead screw linear module and the detection mechanism to move horizontally to adjust the horizontal position of the detection mechanism. The second lead screw linear module can drive the detection mechanism to move vertically to adjust the vertical position of the detection mechanism.

[0021] In some embodiments, the detection mechanism includes a detection wheel, a detection pin, a detection cylinder, a top plate, a spring, a trigger switch, a small electric push rod and a lifting plate. The small electric push rod is communicatively connected to the control component, and the trigger switch is electrically connected to the control component. The output end of the second lead screw linear module is connected to a lifting plate. A small electric push rod facing the protective net is connected to the lifting plate. The output end of the small electric push rod is connected to a detection cylinder. A top plate is slidably connected along the axial direction inside the detection cylinder. A spring is connected between the side wall of the top plate facing the small electric push rod and the inner wall of the end of the detection cylinder. A detection pin penetrating the inner wall of the end of the detection cylinder is connected to the side wall of the top plate facing away from the small electric push rod. A detection wheel is connected to the end of the detection pin away from the top plate. A trigger switch is installed on the inner wall of the end of the detection cylinder close to the detection pin. The small electric push rod is used to drive the detection cylinder to move towards the protective net. When the detection wheel moves to the damaged area of the protective net, the top plate can move under the elastic action to abut against the inner wall of the end of the detection cylinder to press the trigger switch, so that the trigger switch sends out information that the protective net is damaged.

[0022] In some embodiments, the connection component includes a connecting rod, a connecting cylinder, a locking tooth, a positioning plate, a pull rod, a spring, a pulling plate and a plug-in component. Connecting rods with an inverted L-shaped structure are connected to the side walls at both ends of the horizontal box. Connecting cylinders are connected to the side walls of the left column and the right column. A chamber for facilitating the insertion of the connecting rod is opened at the top of the connecting cylinder. A positioning groove is opened on the inner side wall of the connecting cylinder. A positioning plate is slidably connected in the positioning groove. Locking teeth are provided on the wall surface of the positioning plate facing the connecting rod. Locking teeth capable of being staggered with the locking teeth on the positioning plate are provided on the side wall of the connecting rod, so that the locking teeth on the positioning plate and the locking teeth on the connecting rod can be engaged with each other. A pull rod penetrating the side wall of the connecting cylinder is connected to the side wall of the positioning plate facing away from the connecting rod. A pulling plate is connected to the end of the pull rod away from the positioning plate. A spring is connected between the outer wall surface of the connecting cylinder and the inner wall of the pulling plate. A plug-in component is installed at the bottom of the connecting cylinder. The plug-in component is used to splice adjacent protective devices.

[0023] In some embodiments, the plug-in component includes a plug-in rod and a plug-in cylinder. The bottom of the connecting cylinder on the left column is rotatably connected to the plug-in rod through a rotating shaft. The bottom of the connecting cylinder on the right column is rotatably connected to the plug-in cylinder through a rotating shaft. The plug-in rod and the plug-in cylinder are connected and fixed through a positioning bolt.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. By installing vibration sensors on any column, the vibration sensors can immediately send signals when the protective net is impacted. The control component controls the position adjustment mechanism to drive the detection mechanism to detect the protective net, enabling rapid detection of damaged areas, achieving real-time monitoring and quick response to the status of the protective net. After detecting damage to the protective net, the protective net adjustment mechanism automatically releases a new part of the protective net to replace the damaged area while winding up the damaged old net. This form can reduce the need for manual intervention, improving repair efficiency and safety. Through this device, the safety of the mine extraction site can be effectively enhanced, reducing the risks of personal injuries and equipment damage caused by the failure to promptly repair damaged protective nets.

[0026] 2. When the control component receives vibration information, it controls the position adjustment mechanism to adjust the position of the detection mechanism in the horizontal and vertical directions, facilitating the gradual detection of the protective net by the detection mechanism to find the damage point. After discovering the damaged area, the detection mechanism sends information about the damaged protective net to the control component. After receiving the information about the damaged protective net, the control component controls the protective net to release a preset length of new protective net to replace the damaged protective net through the protective net adjustment mechanism and winds up the damaged part of the old protective net to restore the proper protective function. Through the automated detection and repair process, the potential safety hazards caused by the failure to promptly detect damaged protective nets are greatly reduced, protecting the safety of the staff and equipment. The maintenance efficiency of the protective device is significantly improved through the automated detection and repair mechanism, reducing downtime and maintenance costs.

[0027] 3. By adopting a detachable connection method via connection components between the horizontal box, left column, and right column and equipping with a position adjustment mechanism, the entire device can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to different working environments and conditions. At the same time, due to the modular design, when some components of the protective device are deformed or damaged, only the damaged components need to be replaced instead of replacing the whole, reducing the long-term operation cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present application.

[0029] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the connection component in the present application.

[0030] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the present application equipped with a position adjustment mechanism.

[0031] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the detection mechanism of the present application.

[0032] Figure 5 is Figure 4 the internal structural schematic diagram of the detection cylinder in

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the protection net adjusting mechanism in this application.

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the tension component in this application.

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the locking component in this application.

[0036] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the surface structure of the circular plate in the locking component of this application.

[0037] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the positioning member in this application.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0039] 1. Left upright column; 2. Right upright column; 3. Control component; 4. Horizontal box; 5. First screw linear module; 6. Bent rod; 7. Protection net; 8. Connection component; 9. Positioning plate; 10. Tooth; 11. Pull rod; 12. Pulling plate; 13. Insertion cylinder; 14. Insertion rod; 15. Detection mechanism; 16. Lifting plate; 17. Small electric push rod; 18. Detection cylinder; 19. Top plate; 20. Trigger switch; 21. Detection pin; 22. Detection wheel; 23. Replacement component; 24. Replacement motor; 25. Micro electric push rod; 26. Circular plate; 27. Cylindrical tube; 28. Arc seat; 29. Deceleration plate; 30. Tension component; 31. Square plate; 32. Extrusion plate; 33. Conductive block; 34. Conductive plate; 35. Locking pin; 36. Sliding plate; 37. Locking component; 81. Connection cylinder; 82. Connecting rod; 151. Detection box; 152. Second screw linear module; 231. Support plate; 232. Replacement shaft; 301. Tension cylinder; 302. Cylinder.

[0040] This specification includes references to "one embodiment" or "embodiments". The appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in embodiments" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Specific features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner consistent with this disclosure.

[0041] "Comprising", this term is open-ended. As used in the appended claims, this term does not exclude additional structures or steps.

[0042] "First", "second", etc. As used herein, these terms serve as labels for the nouns preceding them and do not imply any type of ordering (e.g., spatial, temporal, logical, etc.). Detailed Description of the Invention

[0043] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0044] Combined with Figures 1 to 10 As shown, this embodiment is a protective device for mine exploitation, including a horizontal box 4, a connection assembly 8, a vibration sensor, a protective net adjustment mechanism, a position adjustment mechanism, a detection mechanism 15 and a control assembly 3. The two ends of the horizontal box 4 are respectively detachably installed with a left column 1 and a right column 2 through the connection assembly 8. Both the left column 1 and the right column 2 are of hollow structure. The inner bottom of the left column 1 and the right column 2 is provided with a bottom plate. A protective net adjustment mechanism is provided inside both the left column 1 and the right column 2. The protective net adjustment mechanism is communicatively connected with the control assembly 3. A protective net 7 is arranged between the protective net adjustment mechanisms of the left column 1 and the right column 2. The protective net adjustment mechanism is used to control the winding, release and fixation of the protective net 7. A vibration sensor (not shown in the figure) is provided on the side wall of any column. The vibration sensor is communicatively connected with the control assembly 3. The vibration sensor can send vibration information to the control assembly 3 when the protective net 7 is impacted.

[0045] A position adjustment mechanism is provided on the wall surface of the horizontal box 4. The driving end of the position adjustment mechanism is connected with a detection mechanism 15. The position adjustment mechanism can adjust the position of the detection mechanism 15 in the horizontal and vertical directions, so that the detection mechanism 15 can perform damage detection on the protective net 7 and can send out information that the protective net is damaged when a damaged area is detected. The control assembly 3 is installed on the side wall of the left column 1 or the right column 2. The vibration sensor, the protective net adjustment mechanism, the position adjustment mechanism and the detection mechanism 15 are all communicatively connected with the control assembly 3. When the control assembly 3 obtains the vibration information, it starts the position adjustment mechanism to drive the detection mechanism 15 to detect the protective net 7. If the information that the protective net is damaged is obtained during the detection process, the control assembly 3 controls the protective net adjustment mechanism to make the left column 1 release a preset length of a new protective net 7 to replace the damaged area, and the right column 2 correspondingly winds up the damaged protective net 7.

[0046] In some embodiments, the control assembly 3 in this embodiment adopts a PLC controller, and the PLC controller is installed on the side wall of the right column 2.

[0047] In some embodiments, in this embodiment, a high-strength steel wire rope material is used as the material of the protective net 7, which has good impact resistance and corrosion resistance, can withstand large tensile forces and impact forces, and can effectively intercept falling rocks in the mine, etc. At the same time, the steel wire rope material protective net 7 treated by hot-dip galvanization also has strong corrosion resistance, can adapt to the harsh environments such as humidity and multi-acid-base in the mine, and has a long service life.

[0048] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown, the connecting component 8 includes a connecting rod 82, a connecting cylinder 81, a locking tooth 10, a positioning plate 9, a pull rod 11, a spring, a pull plate 12 and a plug-in component. The two end side walls of the horizontal box 4 are connected with connecting rods 82 in an inverted L-shaped structure. The side walls of the left column 1 and the right column 2 are connected with connecting cylinders 81. The top of the connecting cylinder 81 is provided with a chamber for facilitating the insertion of the connecting rod 82. The inner side wall of the connecting cylinder 81 is provided with a positioning groove, and a positioning plate 9 is slidably connected in the positioning groove. A locking tooth 10 is provided on the wall surface of the positioning plate 9 facing the connecting rod 82, and a locking tooth 10 capable of being staggered with the locking tooth 10 on the positioning plate 9 is provided on the side wall of the connecting rod 82, so that the locking tooth 10 on the positioning plate 9 and the locking tooth 10 on the connecting rod 82 can be mutually engaged. A pull rod 11 penetrating the side wall of the connecting cylinder 81 is connected to the side wall of the positioning plate 9 facing away from the connecting rod 82. The end of the pull rod 11 away from the positioning plate 9 is connected with a pull plate 12 located outside the connecting cylinder 81. The outer wall surface of the connecting cylinder 81 and the inner wall of the pull plate 12 are connected by a spring. A plug-in component is installed at the bottom of the connecting cylinder 81, and the plug-in component is used for splicing adjacent protection devices.

[0049] Further, the plug-in component includes a plug-in rod 14 and a plug-in cylinder 13. The bottom of the connecting cylinder 81 on the left column 1 is rotatably connected with a plug-in rod 14 through a rotating shaft, and the bottom of the connecting cylinder 81 on the right column 2 is rotatably connected with a plug-in cylinder 13 through a rotating shaft. The plug-in rod 14 and the plug-in cylinder 13 are fixedly connected by a positioning bolt.

[0050] First, pull the pull plate 12 outwards. The pull plate 12 drives the positioning plate 9 to slide in the positioning groove through the pull rod 11, so that the positioning plate 9 is completely retracted into the interior of the positioning groove and the locking tooth 10 on the positioning plate 9 is far away from the chamber in the connecting cylinder 81. At this time, the spring between the outer wall of the connecting cylinder 81 and the pull plate 12 is stretched synchronously. Secondly, the top chamber of the connecting cylinder 81 allows the connecting rod 82 to be inserted. The connecting rod 82 in an inverted L-shaped structure and the top chamber of the connecting cylinder 81 are mutually inserted and matched to realize the preliminary mechanical connection between the horizontal box 4, the left column 1 and the right column 2. Then release the pull plate 12, and use the restoring force of the spring to drive the positioning plate 9 to slide towards the connecting rod 82 in the positioning groove through the pull rod 11 until the locking tooth 10 on the connecting rod 82 and the locking tooth 10 on the positioning plate 9 are staggered and engaged with each other to realize the quick locking between the connecting cylinder 81 and the connecting rod 82. When it is necessary to separate the connecting rod 82 and the connecting cylinder 81, pull the pull plate 12 to disengage the locking tooth 10 on the positioning plate 9 from the locking tooth 10 on the connecting rod 82, and the connecting rod 82 can be easily removed.

[0051] A plugging rod 14 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the connecting cylinder 81 of the left upright column 1 through a rotating shaft, and a plugging cylinder 13 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the connecting cylinder 81 of the right upright column 2 through a rotating shaft. By means of the rotating shaft, it is convenient to adjust the connection angle between adjacent protection devices. The plugging rod 14 and the plugging cylinder 13 can be plugged and matched with each other, and the positioning bolt on the plugging cylinder 13 can further fix the plugged plugging rod 14, so as to realize the stable connection of multiple protection devices together.

[0052] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 shown, the position adjustment mechanism includes a first lead screw linear module 5, a second lead screw linear module 152, a bent rod 6 and a detection box 151. The first lead screw linear module 5 and the second lead screw linear module 152 are both communicatively connected to the PLC controller. The first lead screw linear module 5 is horizontally installed on the lateral outer wall of the horizontal box 4. The output end of the first lead screw linear module 5 is connected to a vertically arranged detection box 151 through a bent rod 6. A second lead screw linear module 152 is vertically installed in the detection box 151. The output end of the second lead screw linear module 152 is the driving end, and the output end of the second lead screw linear module 152 is connected to a detection mechanism 15. The first lead screw linear module 5 can drive the second lead screw linear module 152 and the detection mechanism 15 to move horizontally to adjust the horizontal position of the detection mechanism 15, and the second lead screw linear module 152 can drive the detection mechanism 15 to move vertically to adjust the vertical position of the detection mechanism 15.

[0053] Further, as Figure 4 shown in Figure 5 connection with

[0054] The first lead screw linear module 5 is controlled by a PLC controller. As a connecting member, the bent rod 6 can transmit the movement of the first lead screw linear module 5 to the vertically arranged detection box 151, so that the first lead screw linear module 5 drives the detection mechanism 15 to move along the direction of the lead screw through the bent rod 6 and the detection box 151, so as to adjust the horizontal position of the detection mechanism 15. By using the detection box 151 as the bearing structure for installing the second lead screw linear module 152, it not only provides an installation platform for the second lead screw linear module 152, protects the internal components from the external environment, but also can move horizontally along with the movement of the first lead screw linear module 5. The second lead screw linear module 152 arranged vertically inside the detection box 151 is controlled by a PLC controller. The output end of the second lead screw linear module 152 can drive the detection mechanism 15 to move in the vertical direction to adjust the height or vertical position of the detection mechanism 15. By controlling the combined use of the first lead screw linear module 5 and the second lead screw linear module 152 through a PLC controller, precise positioning of the detection mechanism 15 can be achieved, ensuring the accuracy of the detection process. At the same time, allowing the detection mechanism 15 to move freely in two dimensions can gradually inspect each area of the overall protective net 7, so that no matter which area of the protective net 7 is damaged, it can be detected in a timely and accurate manner.

[0055] The PLC controller controls the first lead screw linear module 5 and the second lead screw linear module 152 to drive the detection mechanism 15 to move along a preset trajectory on the surface of the protective net 7. At the same time, the PLC controller controls the small electric push rod 17 to drive the detection cylinder 18 to move towards the protective net 7 until the detection wheel 22 abuts against the surface of the protective net 7. If it is a complete area of the protective net 7, the top plate 19 inside the detection cylinder 18 moves at least partially towards the side of the small electric push rod 17. The top plate 19 moderately compresses the spring and moves away from the trigger switch 20, so that the detection wheel 22 can maintain a slight pressure to fit against the surface of the protective net 7. If the detection wheel 22 moves to a damaged area of the protective net 7, the detection wheel 22 will sink into the damaged area. The top plate 19 moves towards the side of the trigger switch 20 under the elastic action of the internal spring until the top plate 19 presses the trigger switch 20. At this time, the trigger switch 20 sends an electrical signal to the PLC controller, that is, the information that the protective net is damaged, indicating that a damage has been detected.

[0056] In some embodiments, the protection net adjusting mechanism includes a replacement component 23, a tension component 30 and a locking component 37. The tension component 30 and the locking component 37 are both communicatively connected to the PLC controller. The replacement component 23 is provided inside both the left column 1 and the right column 2. A protection net 7 is provided between a pair of replacement components 23. The locking component 37 is provided at the bottom of the replacement component 23 inside the left column 1. The locking component 37 is used to control the locking and unlocking of the first end of the protection net 7. The tension component 30 is provided at the bottom of the replacement component 23 inside the right column 2. The tension component 30 is used to pull the second end of the protection net 7 to adjust the tension of the protection net 7.

[0057] Further, as Figure 6 shown, the replacement component 23 includes a replacement shaft 232 and a support plate 231. The replacement shaft 232 is rotatably installed along the axial direction inside the left column 1 and the right column 2. The support plates 231 are sleeved at the bottoms of the replacement shafts 232. The protection net 7 is wound around the side walls between a pair of replacement shafts 232. The locking component 37 is provided at the inner bottom of the left column 1. The locking component 37 and the replacement shaft 232 can be engaged and matched. The locking component 37 locks the first end of the protection net 7 by restricting the rotation of the replacement shaft 232. The tension component 30 is provided at the inner bottom of the right column 2. The tension component 30 is drivingly connected to the bottom end of the replacement shaft 232. The tension component 30 pulls the second end of the protection net 7 by driving the rotation of the replacement shaft 232.

[0058] Further, as Figure 7 shown, the tension component 30 includes a cylinder 302, a tension cylinder 301, an extrusion plate 32, a square plate 31, a conductive block 33, a conductive plate 34, an external power source and a replacement motor 24. The replacement motor 24 is communicatively connected to the PLC controller. The conductive plate 34 is electrically connected to the PLC controller. The conductive block 33 is electrically connected to the external power source (not shown in the figure). The bottom end of the replacement shaft 232 inside the right column 2 is connected to the tension cylinder 301 through the support plate 231. The replacement motor 24 is installed at the inner bottom of the right column 2. The output end of the replacement motor 24 is connected to a cylinder 302 coaxial with the tension cylinder 301. A pair of extrusion plates 32 are symmetrically connected to the inner wall of the tension cylinder 301. A pair of square plates 31 are symmetrically connected to the outer side wall of the cylinder 302. A pair of extrusion plates 32 and the adjacent square plates 31 along the same circumferential direction are connected by springs. The conductive plate 34 is embedded in the inner wall of the tension cylinder 301. The conductive plate 34 is located in the area between the square plate 31 and the extrusion plate 32 and is connected by a spring. The end of the square plate 31 close to the conductive plate 34 is connected to the conductive block 33, so that when the conductive block 33 contacts the conductive plate 34, the conductive plate 34 can send an electrical signal to the PLC controller.

[0059] The replacement motor 24 is controlled by a PLC controller to drive the cylinder 302 to rotate. The cylinder 302 drives the square plate 31 to rotate. The square plate 31 then pushes the extrusion plate 32 through a spring, causing the tension cylinder 301 to rotate. When the tension cylinder 301 rotates, it drives the corresponding replacement shaft 232 to rotate to pull the second end of the protective net 7 and adjust the tension of the protective net 7. When the square plate 31 rotates to a specific position, the conductive block 33 contacts the conductive plate 34, triggering a current signal to be fed back to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller controls the replacement motor 24 to stop working to ensure that the protective net 7 reaches an appropriate tension state.

[0060] Further, as Figure 8 shown, the locking assembly 37 includes a speed reduction plate 29, a circular plate 26, a micro electric push rod 25, a locking pin 35 and a positioning member. The micro electric push rod 25 is communicatively connected to the PLC controller. The bottom of the replacement shaft 232 located inside the left column 1 is connected with a speed reduction plate 29. The bottom end face of the speed reduction plate 29 is symmetrically provided with arc-shaped grooves, and the speed reduction plate 29 is symmetrically penetrated with locking holes. A micro electric push rod 25 is installed at the inner bottom of the left column 1. The output end of the micro electric push rod 25 is rotatably connected with a circular plate 26. A group of positioning members capable of elastically stretching in the vertical direction are symmetrically arranged on the circular plate 26. The top of the positioning member is inserted and matched with the arc-shaped groove. A group of locking pins 35 are symmetrically arranged on the circular plate 26. The micro electric push rod 25 can drive the locking pins 35 to pass through the locking holes to lock the speed reduction plate 29.

[0061] Further, as Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, the positioning member includes an arc-shaped seat 28, a cylinder 27 and a sliding plate 36. A group of cylinders 27 corresponding to the arc-shaped grooves are penetrated and installed on the circular plate 26. The inner bottom of the cylinder 27 is connected with an arc-shaped seat 28 through a spring. A sliding groove is arranged inside the cylinder 27. The circumferential side of the arc-shaped seat 28 is connected with a sliding plate 36 capable of slidingly matching with the sliding groove. The top of the arc-shaped seat 28 is adapted to the arc-shaped groove.

[0062] When it is necessary to unlock the first end of the protective net 7, the micro electric push rod 25 drives the locking pins 35 on the circular plate 26 to disengage from the locking holes on the speed reduction plate 29, releasing the lock on the replacement shaft 232. Among them, the arc-shaped seat 28 in the cylinder 27 is connected by a spring, so that the arc-shaped seat 28 keeps in contact with the speed reduction plate 29, ensuring the stability and reliability of the locking process and improving the accuracy of the locking process. After unlocking, the replacement shaft 232 can rotate freely, allowing the release of a new section of the protective net 7 or the winding up of the old part.

[0063] The implementation principle of an embodiment of a protective device for mine exploitation is as follows: [[ID=z19]]

[0064] During the vibration monitoring phase, vibration sensors mounted on the columns monitor the impact of the protective net 7 in real time. If the protective net 7 is struck by an object such as a falling rock, the vibration sensors immediately transmit an electrical signal, representing the vibration information, to the PLC controller. Upon receiving the vibration signal, the PLC controller activates the first and second linear actuators 5 and 152, moving the detection mechanism 15 to the desired position.

[0065] During the damage detection stage, when the detection mechanism 15 reaches the predetermined position, the small electric push rod 17 pushes the detection cylinder 18, the detection pin 21, and the detection wheel 22 toward the surface of the protective net 7 until the detection wheel 22 contacts the surface of the protective net 7. The PLC controller controls the first screw linear module 5 and the second screw linear module 152 to drive the detection wheel 22 to move along a preset trajectory, so that the detection wheel 22 gradually scans and detects various areas on the surface of the protective net 7. Since the protective net 7 will produce a large damaged area when hit by foreign objects, if the detection wheel 22 moves to the damaged area, the top plate 19 drives the detection pin 21 and the detection wheel 22 to pass through the damaged area of the protective net 7 under the action of the spring force, and then causes the top plate 19 to touch the trigger switch 20 under the elastic recovery action of the spring.

[0066] During the automatic repair stage, after the trigger switch 20 is squeezed, an electrical signal is sent to the PLC controller. After receiving the electrical signal from the trigger switch 20, the PLC controller controls the micro electric push rod 25 to drive the locking pin 35 to move downward and out of the locking hole of the deceleration plate 29 to unlock the deceleration plate 29 and the replacement shaft 232 in the left column 1. At the same time, the arc seat 28 is always in contact with the arc groove at the bottom of the deceleration plate 29 under the elastic force of the spring inside the cylinder 27. The PLC controller starts the replacement motor 24 to work for a preset time (for example, ten seconds), so that a new protective net 7 of a preset length is released in the left column 1. The preset length corresponds to the distance between the left and right columns 2, thereby achieving the winding of the damaged protective net 7 part and releasing a new protective net 7 section.

[0067] The replacement motor 24 drives the cylinder 302 to rotate, and the cylinder 302 pushes the extrusion plate 32 through the square plate 31 via the spring. The extrusion plate 32 drives the tension cylinder 301 and the replacement shaft 232 to rotate, thereby pulling the second end of the protective net 7 to reel in. When the replacement motor 24 reaches the preset working time, the PLC controller controls the micro electric push rod 25 to lift the circular plate 26 inside the left column 1, so that the circular plate 26 drives the locking pin 35 to move upward. Since the locking pin 35 has a certain elastic effect in the vertical direction, it does not necessarily correspond to the locking hole when it abuts the speed reducer 29. At this time, the locking pin 35 elastically contracts appropriately until the speed reducer 29 rotates to the locking hole corresponding to the locking pin 35. The elastic end of the locking pin 35 will be inserted into the locking hole to lock the speed reducer 29, thereby locking the replacement shaft 232 inside the left column 1 and fixing the first end of the protective net 7.

[0068] After the replacement shaft 232 inside the left upright post 1 is locked, for the inside of the right upright post 2, the replacement motor 24 still drives the rotating part of the cylinder 302 by a certain angle. The cylinder 302 drives the square plate 31 and the conductive block 33 to rotate inside the tension cylinder 301. The square plate 31 further compresses the spring inside the tension cylinder 301 until the conductive block 33 moves to the conductive plate 34. After the conductive plate 34 comes into contact with the conductive block 33, the conductive plate 34 sends an electrical signal to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller controls the replacement motor 24 to stop operating, thereby realizing the locking of the replacement shaft 232 inside the right upright post 2 and the fixing of the second end of the protective net 7, ensuring that the protective net 7 is in the correct tension state, and thus restoring the original protective function of the protective net 7.

[0069] During the maintenance stage, if any component is found to be damaged, the operator can easily separate each component for replacement or repair by pulling the pull plate 12 to disengage the teeth 10 on the positioning plate 9 from the teeth 10 on the connecting rod 82. The replacement method is fast and convenient, improving the convenience of use for the operator without the need to replace the entire device as a whole.

[0070] The protective device automatically identifies the damage of the protective net 7 and quickly takes measures to repair it, greatly improving the safety and response speed. By using the PLC controller to coordinate the actions of each mechanical component, a series of processes from detection to repair are automated, reducing the need for human intervention.

[0071] The above are all the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protective device for mine exploitation, characterized in that, Including: A horizontal box (4), with a left upright column (1) and a right upright column (2) detachably installed at both ends through connection components (8) respectively, and a protective net (7) is arranged between the left upright column (1) and the right upright column (2); A vibration sensor, arranged on the side wall of the left upright column (1) or the right upright column (2), capable of sending vibration information when the protective net (7) is impacted; A protective net adjusting mechanism, arranged inside the left upright column (1) and the right upright column (2), connected to the protective net (7), and used to control the winding, releasing and fixing of the protective net (7); A position adjusting mechanism, arranged on the wall surface of the horizontal box (4), capable of adjusting the position of its driving end in the horizontal and vertical directions; A detection mechanism (15), installed at the driving end of the position adjusting mechanism, capable of detecting damage to the protective net (7) under the drive of the position adjusting mechanism, and sending out information that the protective net is damaged when a damaged area is detected; A control component (3), arranged on the side wall of the left upright column (1) or the right upright column (2), in communication connection with the vibration sensor, the protective net adjusting mechanism, the position adjusting mechanism, and the detection mechanism (15), capable of starting the position adjusting mechanism to drive the detection mechanism (15) to detect the protective net (7) when obtaining the vibration information. If the information that the protective net is damaged is obtained during the detection process, the left upright column (1) is controlled to release a preset length of a new protective net (7) to replace the damaged area, and the right upright column (2) correspondingly winds up the damaged protective net (7) by controlling the protective net adjusting mechanism.

2. The protective device for mine exploitation according to claim 1, wherein: The protective net adjusting mechanism includes a replacement component (23), a tension component (30) and a locking component (37). The tension component (30) and the locking component (37) are both in communication connection with the control component (3). The replacement component (23) is arranged inside both the left upright column (1) and the right upright column (2). The protective net (7) is arranged between a pair of replacement components (23). The bottom of the replacement component (23) inside the left upright column (1) is provided with the locking component (37), and the locking component (37) is used to control the locking and unlocking of the first end of the protective net (7). The bottom of the replacement component (23) inside the right upright column (2) is provided with the tension component (30), and the tension component (30) is used to pull the second end of the protective net (7) to adjust the tension of the protective net (7).

3. The protective device for mine exploitation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The replacement assembly (23) includes a replacement shaft (232) and a support plate (231). The replacement shaft (232) is axially rotatably installed inside the left column (1) and the right column (2). The bottom of the replacement shaft (232) is sleeved with a support plate (231). The protective net (7) is arranged around the side walls of a pair of replacement shafts (232). The inner bottom of the left column (1) is provided with the locking assembly (37). The locking assembly (37) and the replacement shaft (232) can be engaged with each other. The locking assembly (37) locks the first end of the protective net (7) by limiting the rotation of the replacement shaft (232). The inner bottom of the right column (2) is provided with the tension assembly (30). The tension assembly (30) is transmission-connected to the bottom end of the replacement shaft (232). The tension assembly (30) pulls the second end of the protective net (7) by driving the rotation of the replacement shaft (232).

4. The protective device for mine exploitation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tension component (30) includes a cylinder (302), a tension cylinder (301), an extrusion plate (32), a square plate (31), a conductive block (33), a conductive plate (34), an external power supply and a replacement motor (24). The replacement motor (24) is communicatively connected to the control component (3), the conductive plate (34) is electrically connected to the control component (3), and the conductive block (33) is electrically connected to the external power supply. The bottom end of the replacement shaft (232) inside the right column (2) is connected to the tension cylinder (301) via the support plate (231). The inner bottom of the right column (2) is equipped with a replacement motor (24), and the output end of the replacement motor (24) is connected to the same output end as the tension cylinder (301). The cylinder (302) is axially centered, and the inner wall of the tension cylinder (301) is symmetrically connected to a pair of extrusion plates (32). The outer wall of the cylinder (302) is symmetrically connected to a pair of square plates (31). The pair of extrusion plates (32) are respectively connected to adjacent square plates (31) along the same annular direction via springs. A conductive plate (34) is embedded in the inner wall of the tension cylinder (301). The conductive plate (34) is located in an area between the square plate (31) and the extrusion plate (32) and connected via a spring. The end of the square plate (31) close to the conductive plate (34) is connected to a conductive block (33), so that when the conductive block (33) contacts the conductive plate (34), the conductive plate (34) can send an electrical signal to the control component (3).

5. The protective device for mine exploitation according to claim 3, wherein: The locking component (37) includes a speed reducer plate (29), a circular plate (26), a micro electric push rod (25), a locking pin (35) and a positioning member. The micro electric push rod (25) is communicatively connected to the control component (3). The bottom of the replacement shaft (232) located inside the left column (1) is connected to the speed reducer plate (29). The bottom end face of the speed reducer plate (29) is symmetrically provided with arc-shaped grooves. The speed reducer plate (29) is symmetrically penetrated with locking holes. The micro electric push rod (25) is installed at the inner bottom of the left column (1). The output end of the micro electric push rod (25) is rotatably connected to the circular plate (26). A group of positioning members capable of elastically stretching in the vertical direction are symmetrically arranged on the circular plate (26). The top of the positioning member is inserted and matched with the arc-shaped groove. A group of locking pins (35) are symmetrically arranged on the circular plate (26). The micro electric push rod (25) can drive the locking pins (35) to pass through the locking holes to lock the speed reducer plate (29).

6. The protective device for mine exploitation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The positioning member includes an arc-shaped seat (28), a cylinder (27) and a sliding plate (36). A group of cylinders (27) corresponding to the arc-shaped grooves are penetrated and installed on the circular plate (26). The inner bottom of the cylinder (27) is connected to the arc-shaped seat (28) through a spring. A sliding groove is provided inside the cylinder (27). The circumferential side of the arc-shaped seat (28) is connected with a sliding plate (36) capable of slidingly matching with the sliding groove. The top of the arc-shaped seat (28) is adapted to the arc-shaped groove.

7. A protective device for mine exploitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position adjusting mechanism includes a first lead screw linear module (5), a second lead screw linear module (152), a bent rod (6) and a detection box (151). The first lead screw linear module (5) and the second lead screw linear module (152) are both communicatively connected to the control component (3). The first lead screw linear module (5) is installed on the lateral outer wall of the horizontal box (4). The output end of the first lead screw linear module (5) is connected to a vertically arranged detection box (151) through a bent rod (6). A second lead screw linear module (152) is installed vertically inside the detection box (151). The output end of the second lead screw linear module (152) is the driving end. The output end of the second lead screw linear module (152) is connected to the detection mechanism (15). The first lead screw linear module (5) can drive the second lead screw linear module (152) and the detection mechanism (15) to move horizontally to adjust the horizontal position of the detection mechanism (15). The second lead screw linear module (152) can drive the detection mechanism (15) to move vertically to adjust the vertical position of the detection mechanism (15).

8. The protective device for mine exploitation according to claim 7, wherein: The detection mechanism (15) includes a detection wheel (22), a detection pin (21), a detection cylinder (18), a top plate (19), a spring, a trigger switch (20), a small electric push rod (17) and a lifting plate (16). The small electric push rod (17) is communicatively connected to the control component (3), and the trigger switch (20) is electrically connected to the control component (3). The output end of the second lead screw linear module (152) is connected to a lifting plate (16). A small electric push rod (17) facing the protective net (7) is connected to the lifting plate (16). The output end of the small electric push rod (17) is connected to a detection cylinder (18). A top plate (19) is slidably connected to the detection cylinder (18) along the axial direction. A spring is connected between the side wall of the top plate (19) facing the small electric push rod (17) and the inner wall of the end of the detection cylinder (18). A detection pin (21) passing through the inner wall of the end of the detection cylinder (18) is connected to the side wall of the top plate (19) facing away from the small electric push rod (17). A detection wheel (22) is connected to the end of the detection pin (21) away from the top plate (19). A trigger switch (20) is installed on the inner wall of the end of the detection cylinder (18) near the detection pin (21). The small electric push rod (17) is used to drive the detection cylinder (18) to move towards the protective net (7). When the detection wheel (22) moves to the damaged area of the protective net (7), the top plate (19) can move under the elastic action to abut against the inner wall of the end of the detection cylinder (18) to press the trigger switch (20), so that the trigger switch (20) sends out information that the protective net is damaged.

9. The protective device for mine exploitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection component (8) includes a connecting rod (82), a connecting cylinder (81), a tooth (10), a positioning plate (9), a pull rod (11), a spring, a pull plate (12) and a plug-in component. Connecting rods (82) with an inverted L-shaped structure are connected to the side walls at both ends of the horizontal box (4). Connecting cylinders (81) are connected to the side walls of the left column (1) and the right column (2). A chamber for the connecting rod (82) to be inserted is opened at the top of the connecting cylinder (81). A positioning groove is opened on the inner side wall of the connecting cylinder (81). A positioning plate (9) is slidably connected in the positioning groove. Teeth (10) are provided on the wall surface of the positioning plate (9) facing the connecting rod (82). Teeth (10) capable of being staggered with the teeth (10) on the positioning plate (9) are provided on the side wall of the connecting rod (82), so that the teeth (10) on the positioning plate (9) and the teeth (10) on the connecting rod (82) can be engaged with each other. A pull rod (11) passing through the side wall of the connecting cylinder (81) is connected to the side wall of the positioning plate (9) facing away from the connecting rod (82). A pull plate (12) is connected to the end of the pull rod (11) away from the positioning plate (9). A spring is connected between the outer wall surface of the connecting cylinder (81) and the inner wall of the pull plate (12). A plug-in component is installed at the bottom of the connecting cylinder (81), and the plug-in component is used to splice adjacent protective devices.

10. The protective device for mine exploitation according to claim 9, wherein: The plug-in connector includes a plug-in rod (14) and a plug-in cylinder (13). The bottom of the connecting cylinder (81) on the left vertical column (1) is rotatably connected to the plug-in rod (14) via a rotating shaft. The bottom of the connecting cylinder (81) on the right vertical column (2) is rotatably connected to the plug-in cylinder (13) via a rotating shaft. The plug-in rod (14) and the plug-in cylinder (13) are connected and fixed via a positioning bolt.

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