A hydrogen filling and storage device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of energy and power engineering, and specifically to a hydrogen filling and storage device, which includes an inner tank, with a charging and discharging pipe arranged at the top of the inner tank; further comprising: a flange arranged at the bottom of the inner tank, with a frame arranged at the bottom of the flange; an outer tank, sleeved on the outside of the inner tank; a partition arranged on the inner wall of the inner tank, with a lifting device arranged on the partition; a piston, cooperatively arranged in the inner tank and located on the partition, with the top telescopic end of the lifting device connected to the bottom of the piston; a solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism, arranged in the inner tank, with the space above the piston and the space below the partition connected by a connecting pipe, with an electromagnetic valve arranged on the connecting pipe; and a control system, arranged on the frame. In the present invention, during the process of hydrogen filling out, the upward movement of the piston can ensure that the air pressure in the air chamber is always maintained at an appropriate filling pressure, thereby improving the filling stability; in addition, only a small amount of hydrogen will remain in the inner tank, which helps to save hydrogen and also helps to quickly empty the inner tank when necessary.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy and power engineering, and in particular to a hydrogen filling and storage device. Background Art

[0002] As a clean and efficient energy source, hydrogen is widely used in power generation, industrial processes, and transportation. However, the physical properties of hydrogen make its storage a major challenge.

[0003] Chinese patent publication number CN113375039B discloses a high-pressure composite metal hydride hydrogen storage tank and a hydrogen storage method. The hydrogen storage tank comprises a base support and a bottom-opening hydrogen storage tank shell, the hydrogen storage tank shell being sealed and fastened to the base support. The hydrogen storage tank shell is provided with a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet. The interior of the hydrogen storage tank shell is provided with a hydrogen storage alloy storage space, a gaseous hydrogen storage space, and a circulating heat exchange system. The hydrogen storage alloy storage space is filled with a hydrogen storage alloy, and the circulating heat exchange system is used to absorb heat when the hydrogen storage alloy absorbs hydrogen and to heat the hydrogen storage alloy when it releases hydrogen. This invention provides a gaseous hydrogen storage space within the hydrogen storage tank. The size of the reserved space can be adjusted according to the required hydrogen mass density to achieve hydrogen storage of varying mass densities. This invention fully combines the advantages of high mass density of high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage with the high volume density of solid-state hydrogen storage. By adjusting the volume of the solid-state hydrogen storage space, it achieves the goal of storing more hydrogen at constant pressure.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned publicly disclosed solution has the following shortcomings: when hydrogen is released, due to the high internal air pressure in the early stage, the stable pressure output of hydrogen can be guaranteed by the pressure reducing valve, but in the later stage, due to the small amount of hydrogen in the tank, the normal discharge of hydrogen cannot be guaranteed. In addition, although the hydrogen storage alloy located in the tank helps to increase the storage capacity of hydrogen, the hydrogen release of the hydrogen storage alloy is difficult to accurately control, which may cause the air pressure in the tank to rise sharply in a short period of time, posing certain safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a hydrogen filling and storage device to address the problems in the background technology that hydrogen storage alloys are difficult to accurately control the release of hydrogen and the hydrogen storage tanks are not well vented in the later stage.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is a hydrogen filling and storage device, comprising an inner tank, a charging and discharging pipe being provided on the top of the inner tank; and further comprising:

[0007] A flange is arranged at the bottom of the inner tank, a through hole is arranged at the center of the bottom of the inner tank, and a frame is arranged at the bottom of the flange;

[0008] The outer tank is placed outside the inner tank and connected to the flange;

[0009] A partition is arranged on the inner wall of the inner tank, and a lifting device is arranged on the partition;

[0010] A piston is cooperatively disposed within the inner tank and located on the partition, and the top telescopic end of the lifting device is connected to the bottom of the piston;

[0011] The solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism is arranged in the inner tank and below the partition. The space above the piston and the space below the partition are connected by a connecting pipe, and a solenoid valve is provided on the connecting pipe.

[0012] And a control system is arranged on the frame, and the control system is controlled and connected with the lifting device, the solid hydrogen storage mechanism and the electromagnetic valve.

[0013] Preferably, in the inner tank, the space above the piston forms an air chamber, and the space below the partition forms a hydrogen storage alloy chamber. An air pressure sensor a is arranged at the center of the top of the piston, and an air pressure sensor b is arranged on the hydrogen storage alloy chamber. The control system is connected to the air pressure sensor a and the air pressure sensor b for data transmission.

[0014] Preferably, a corrugated protective tube is arranged between the partition and the piston, the lifting device is located in the corrugated protective tube, a wiring pipe a is arranged at the bottom of the piston, a wiring pipe b is arranged on the partition, the bottom of the wiring pipe b passes through the flange, the wiring pipe a is used to supply wiring to the air pressure sensor a, the wiring pipe b is used to supply wiring to the air pressure sensor a and the lifting device, a wiring pipe c is arranged on the flange to supply wiring to the air pressure sensor b, and a wiring pipe d is arranged on the outer tank to supply wiring to the solenoid valve.

[0015] Preferably, an inner flange is provided at the bottom of the outer tank, and the inner flange contacts the flange surface. A plurality of screws a are provided at the bottom of the inner flange, and the screws a are locked with nuts after passing through the holes on the flange. An avoidance hole for the charging and discharging tubes to pass through is provided at the top of the outer tank, and a sealing disc is provided on the charging and discharging tubes, and the sealing disc is fitted with the inner wall of the top of the outer tank. A plurality of screws b are vertically provided on the sealing disc, and the screws b are locked with nuts after passing through the through holes provided at the top of the outer tank.

[0016] Preferably, the frame includes a plurality of support legs arranged at the bottom of the flange and support plates arranged on the support legs.

[0017] Preferably, the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism includes a support plate connected to the bottom of the flange, a hydrogen storage alloy arranged on the support plate, and a temperature control device arranged on the frame. The temperature control device is provided with a plurality of heat-conducting rods passing through the support plate and inserted into the hydrogen storage alloy. The temperature is transferred by the heat-conducting rods to make the hydrogen storage alloy reach a hydrogen absorption or desorption environment. The control system is controlled and connected to the temperature control device.

[0018] Preferably, a spare hydrogen storage alloy is provided on the inner wall of the outer tank, and a support frame and a heat conducting plate are provided on the temperature control device. The heat conducting plate is located on the inner side of the support frame, and the top of the heat conducting plate contacts the outer wall of the outer tank where the spare hydrogen storage alloy is located. The temperature control device controls the temperature of the heat conducting plate to provide a hydrogen absorption environment for the spare hydrogen storage alloy.

[0019] Preferably, after hydrogen leaks from the inner tank, hydrogen enters between the inner tank and the outer tank. A hydrogen detection device is provided on the inner wall of the outer tank. After the leak is detected, the temperature control device controls the transmission temperature of the heat conduction plate to allow the spare hydrogen storage alloy to absorb hydrogen. At the same time, the control system sends an alarm to the management personnel to remind relevant personnel to deal with it in time.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: by combining gaseous and solid hydrogen storage, the hydrogen storage capacity is effectively increased; during the process of hydrogen filling, the upward movement of the piston can ensure that the air pressure in the air chamber is always maintained at an appropriate filling pressure, thereby improving the filling stability; in addition, when a small amount of hydrogen remains in the inner tank, it can be sucked into the air chamber by moving the piston downward, and then the remaining hydrogen can be discharged by moving the piston upward. Only a small amount of hydrogen will remain in the inner tank, which helps to save hydrogen and also helps to quickly empty the inner tank when necessary. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure after removing the outer tank;

[0024] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the inner tank;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A is an enlarged schematic diagram.

[0026] Figure numerals: 1. inner tank; 2. charging and discharging pipes; 3. pressure regulating valve; 4. flange; 5. outer tank; 6. screw a; 7. avoidance hole; 8. sealing disc; 9. screw b; 10. support leg; 11. support plate; 12. piston; 13. lifting device; 14. corrugated protective tube; 15. air chamber; 16. hydrogen storage alloy chamber; 17. partition; 18. air pressure sensor a; 19. wiring pipe a; 20. wiring pipe b; 21. hydrogen storage alloy; 22. support plate; 23. screw c; 24. air pressure sensor b; 25. wiring pipe c; 26. connecting pipe; 27. solenoid valve; 28. wiring pipe d; 29. ​​temperature control device; 30. control system; 31. heat conduction rod; 32. support frame; 33. heat conduction plate; 34. spare hydrogen storage alloy. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] like Figures 1-4As shown, the present invention proposes a hydrogen filling and storage device, comprising an inner tank 1, which is a conventional hydrogen storage tank. A charging and discharging pipe 2 is provided on the top of the inner tank 1. The charging and discharging pipe 2 is used to fill hydrogen into the inner tank 1 or discharge hydrogen. A pressure regulating valve 3 is provided on the charging and discharging pipe 2 to improve the stability of hydrogen release; and further comprising:

[0028] A flange 4 is provided at the bottom of the inner tank 1, a through hole is provided at the center of the bottom of the inner tank 1, and a frame is provided at the bottom of the flange 4. The frame includes a plurality of support legs 10 provided at the bottom of the flange 4 and a support plate 11 provided on the support legs 10. In an optional embodiment, the plurality of support legs 10 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction with the axis of the inner tank 1 as the center, the support legs 10 are provided at an angle, and the support plate 11 is a circular plate. A plurality of through holes are provided on the edge of the support plate 11 for the support legs 10 to pass through, and then the support legs 10 and the support plate 11 are welded and fixed.

[0029] The outer tank 5 is detachably mounted on the outside of the inner tank 1 and connected to the flange 4;

[0030] A partition 17 is provided on the inner wall of the inner tank 1, and a lifting device 13 is provided on the partition 17;

[0031] The piston 12 is cooperatively disposed in the inner tank 1 and is located on the partition 17, and the top telescopic end of the lifting device 13 is connected to the bottom of the piston 12;

[0032] The solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism is arranged in the inner tank 1 and is located below the partition 17. The space above the piston 12 and the space below the partition 17 are connected by a connecting pipe 26. The connecting pipe 26 is provided with a solenoid valve 27;

[0033] And the control system 30 is arranged on the frame, and the control system 30 is controlled and connected with the lifting device 13, the solid hydrogen storage mechanism and the solenoid valve 27.

[0034] The data monitoring structure is as follows:

[0035] Inside the inner tank 1, the space above the piston 12 forms an air chamber 15, and the space below the partition 17 forms a hydrogen storage alloy chamber 16. An air pressure sensor a18 is set at the center of the top of the piston 12 to detect the hydrogen pressure in the air chamber 15. An air pressure sensor b24 is set on the hydrogen storage alloy chamber 16 to detect the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen storage alloy chamber 16. The control system 30 is connected to the air pressure sensor a18 and the air pressure sensor b24 for data transmission.

[0036] A corrugated protective tube 14 is arranged between the partition 17 and the piston 12, and the lifting device 13 is located in the corrugated protective tube 14. In this embodiment, the lifting device 13 is an electric push rod, a wiring tube a19 is arranged at the bottom of the piston 12, a wiring tube b20 is arranged on the partition 17, the bottom of the wiring tube b20 passes through the flange 4, the wiring tube a19 is used to supply wiring to the air pressure sensor a18, and a wiring harness seal is set at the place where the wiring passes through the piston 12. The wiring tube b20 is used to supply wiring to the air pressure sensor a18 and the lifting device 13. A wiring tube c25 is arranged on the flange 4 to supply wiring to the air pressure sensor b24. A wiring tube d28 is arranged on the outer tank 5 to supply wiring to the solenoid valve 27. The ends of the wiring tube a19, the wiring tube b20, the wiring tube c25 and the wiring tube d28 are all sealed.

[0037] The connection method of the outer tank 5 and the inner tank 1 is as follows:

[0038] An inner flange is provided at the bottom of the outer tank 5, and the inner flange is in contact with the flange 4 to form a seal. In order to improve the sealing effect, an annular sealing ring can also be provided on the flange 4 and the inner flange. A plurality of screws a6 are provided at the bottom of the inner flange, and the screws a6 are locked with nuts after passing through the holes on the flange 4. A avoidance hole 7 for the charging and discharging tube 2 to pass through is provided at the top of the outer tank 5. A sealing disc 8 is provided on the charging and discharging tube 2, and the sealing disc 8 is fitted with the inner wall of the top of the outer tank 5 to form a seal. In order to improve the sealing effect, a sealing ring can also be provided on the sealing disc 8 and the inner wall of the top of the outer tank 5. A plurality of screws b9 are vertically provided on the sealing disc 8, and the screws b9 are locked with nuts after passing through the through holes provided at the top of the outer tank 5. When the outer tank 5 needs to be disassembled, after unscrewing the nuts on the screws b9 and the screws a6, it can be moved from bottom to top to directly remove the outer tank 5.

[0039] The structure of the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism is as follows:

[0040] The solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism includes a support plate 22 connected to the bottom of the flange 4, a hydrogen storage alloy 21 arranged on the support plate 22, and a temperature control device 29 arranged on the frame. The temperature control device 29 is provided with multiple heat-conducting rods 31 that pass through the support plate 22 and are inserted into the hydrogen storage alloy 21. The temperature is transferred by the heat-conducting rods 31 to make the hydrogen storage alloy 21 reach a hydrogen absorption or desorption environment. The control system 30 is controlled and connected to the temperature control device 29; in an optional embodiment, multiple screws c23 are provided at the bottom of the flange 4, and multiple through holes for the screws c23 to pass through are provided on the support plate 22. The support plate 22 is locked with a nut, and the support plate 22 and the flange 4 form a close surface contact to achieve sealing.

[0041] A spare hydrogen storage alloy 34 is set on the inner wall of the outer tank 5, and a support frame 32 and a heat conducting plate 33 are set on the temperature control device 29. The heat conducting plate 33 is located on the inner side of the support frame 32, and the top of the heat conducting plate 33 is in contact with the outer wall of the outer tank 5 where the spare hydrogen storage alloy 34 is located. The temperature control device 29 controls the temperature of the heat conducting plate 33 to provide a hydrogen absorption environment for the spare hydrogen storage alloy 34.

[0042] After hydrogen leaks from the inner tank 1, hydrogen enters between the inner tank 1 and the outer tank 5. A hydrogen detection device is provided on the inner wall of the outer tank 5. After the leakage is detected, the temperature control device 29 controls the heat conduction plate 33 to transmit the temperature so that the spare hydrogen storage alloy 34 absorbs hydrogen. Specifically, the heat conduction plate 33 transmits a low temperature to enable the spare hydrogen storage alloy 34 to absorb hydrogen, thereby maintaining safety in the short term. At the same time, the control system 30 sends an alarm to the management personnel to remind relevant personnel to deal with it in time.

[0043] In summary, when the present invention is in use, when hydrogen is charged, the solenoid valve 27 is opened, and the temperature is controlled by the heat-conducting rod 31 to make the hydrogen storage alloy 21 enter the hydrogen absorption state, and hydrogen enters the gas chamber 15 from the charging and discharging tube 2, and enters the hydrogen storage alloy chamber 16 through the connecting tube 26 until it is filled. Whether it is full is judged based on the values ​​of the air pressure sensor a18 and the air pressure sensor b24. After the hydrogen charging is completed, the solenoid valve 27 is closed, and gaseous and solid storage is carried out through the gas chamber 15 and the hydrogen storage alloy chamber 16, thereby increasing the hydrogen storage capacity of the inner tank 1. When hydrogen is subsequently added to other equipment, the solenoid valve 27 is initially in a closed state. As the hydrogen in the gas chamber 15 is discharged, the internal pressure of the gas chamber 15 begins to drop, and the piston 12 is pushed upward by the lifting device 13 to ensure that the hydrogen pressure in the gas chamber 15 is within a suitable filling range and the filling stability is guaranteed. After the piston 12 moves to the top, the filling is suspended, the solenoid valve 27 is opened, and the hydrogen storage alloy 21 enters the hydrogen release state. At the same time, the lifting device 13 drives the piston 12 to move downward, and hydrogen continues to enter the gas chamber 1 5 until the piston 12 moves to the lowest point and the internal air pressure reaches the set value, the solenoid valve 27 is closed, the hydrogen storage alloy 21 exits the hydrogen release state, and continues to start the hydrogen filling work to other equipment, and the cycle continues. When all the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy 21 is released, the hydrogen can be sucked into the air chamber 15 through the downward movement of the piston 12, and then the solenoid valve 27 is closed, the piston 12 rises, and the hydrogen in the inner tank 1 can be discharged. The remaining hydrogen amount is very small, which helps to save hydrogen and also helps to quickly empty the inner tank 1 when needed.

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen filling and storage device, comprising an inner tank (1), a charging and discharging pipe (2) being arranged on the top of the inner tank (1); characterized in that: Also includes: A flange (4) is provided at the bottom of the inner tank (1), a through hole is provided at the center of the bottom of the inner tank (1), and a frame is provided at the bottom of the flange (4); The outer tank (5) is placed outside the inner tank (1) and connected to the flange (4); A partition (17) is provided on the inner wall of the inner tank (1), and a lifting device (13) is provided on the partition (17); A piston (12) is cooperatively arranged in the inner tank (1) and located on the partition (17), and a top telescopic end of the lifting device (13) is connected to the bottom of the piston (12); A solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism is provided in the inner tank (1) and below the partition (17); the space above the piston (12) and the space below the partition (17) are connected via a connecting pipe (26); and a solenoid valve (27) is provided on the connecting pipe (26); and a control system (30), which is arranged on the frame, wherein the control system (30) is in control connection with the lifting device (13), the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism, and the solenoid valve (27); In the inner tank (1), the space above the piston (12) forms an air chamber (15), and the space below the partition (17) forms a hydrogen storage alloy chamber (16). An air pressure sensor a (18) is provided at the center of the top of the piston (12), and an air pressure sensor b (24) is provided on the hydrogen storage alloy chamber (16). The control system (30) is connected to the air pressure sensor a (18) and the air pressure sensor b (24) for data transmission. A corrugated protective tube (14) is provided between the partition (17) and the piston (12), and the lifting device (13) is located at the corrugated protective tube (14). ), a wiring pipe a (19) is provided at the bottom of the piston (12), a wiring pipe b (20) is provided on the partition (17), the bottom of the wiring pipe b (20) passes through the flange (4), the wiring pipe a (19) is used to supply wiring to the air pressure sensor a (18), the wiring pipe b (20) is used to supply wiring to the air pressure sensor a (18) and the lifting device (13), a wiring pipe c (25) is provided on the flange (4) to supply wiring to the air pressure sensor b (24), and a wiring pipe d (28) is provided on the outer tank (5) to supply wiring to the solenoid valve (27).

2. The hydrogen filling and storage equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inner flange is provided at the bottom of the outer tank (5), and the inner flange contacts the flange (4). A plurality of screws a (6) are provided at the bottom of the inner flange, and the screws a (6) are locked with nuts after passing through the holes on the flange (4). An avoidance hole (7) for the charging and discharging pipe (2) to pass through is provided at the top of the outer tank (5). A sealing disc (8) is provided on the charging and discharging pipe (2), and the sealing disc (8) is fitted with the inner wall of the top of the outer tank (5). A plurality of screws b (9) are vertically provided on the sealing disc (8), and the screws b (9) are locked with nuts after passing through the through holes provided at the top of the outer tank (5).

3. The hydrogen filling and storage equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame comprises a plurality of support legs (10) arranged at the bottom of the flange (4) and a support plate (11) arranged on the support legs (10).

4. The hydrogen filling and storage equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism includes a support plate (22) connected to the bottom of the flange (4), a hydrogen storage alloy (21) arranged on the support plate (22), and a temperature control device (29) arranged on the frame. The temperature control device (29) is provided with a plurality of heat-conducting rods (31) passing through the support plate (22) and inserted into the hydrogen storage alloy (21). The temperature is transferred through the heat-conducting rods (31) to make the hydrogen storage alloy (21) reach a hydrogen absorption or desorption environment. The control system (30) is controlled and connected to the temperature control device (29).

5. The hydrogen filling and storage equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A spare hydrogen storage alloy (34) is provided on the inner wall of the outer tank (5), a support frame (32) and a heat conducting plate (33) are provided on the temperature control device (29), the heat conducting plate (33) is located on the inner side of the support frame (32), the top of the heat conducting plate (33) contacts the outer wall of the outer tank (5) where the spare hydrogen storage alloy (34) is located, and the temperature control device (29) controls the temperature of the heat conducting plate (33) to provide a hydrogen absorption environment for the spare hydrogen storage alloy (34).

6. The hydrogen filling and storage equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: After hydrogen leaks from the inner tank (1), hydrogen enters between the inner tank (1) and the outer tank (5). A hydrogen detection device is provided on the inner wall of the outer tank (5). After the leak is detected, the temperature control device (29) controls the temperature of the heat conducting plate (33) to allow the standby hydrogen storage alloy (34) to absorb hydrogen.

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