Ceramic energy-saving firing kiln

Abstract

The invention provides an energy-saving ceramic firing kiln, and relates to the field of ceramic firing. The device comprises a kiln assembly, an energy-saving assembly, an exhaust assembly, a pressure maintaining assembly and an air inlet assembly, the kiln assembly comprises a kiln body, an electric heating wire is arranged on the inner wall of the kiln body, the front portion of the kiln body is rotationally connected with a kiln door, and the exhaust assembly is arranged on the outer wall of the kiln body and used for guiding and utilizing high-temperature tail gas; the exhaust assembly comprises a tail gas heat preservation shell matched with the kiln body, an inlet is formed in the lower portion of the tail gas heat preservation shell, and an exhaust channel is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the tail gas heat preservation shell. The energy-saving assembly is arranged on the outer side of the kiln body and used for absorbing the temperature of the tail gas in the tail gas heat preservation shell. Through the energy-saving assembly and the air exhaust assembly, the discharged high-temperature tail gas can be used for providing a heat preservation function for the kiln body, heat preservation energy consumption is reduced, water is heated through the temperature of the tail gas, and the utilization rate of heat energy is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ceramic firing, and specifically to an energy-saving ceramic firing kiln. Background Art

[0002] Ceramic firing is a process of making solid and beautiful utensils by sintering raw materials such as clay at high temperature, and a firing kiln is required during the firing process.

[0003] In related technologies, such as a ceramic firing electric kiln with the publication number: CN104374191B, it includes a furnace body, a furnace door and its corresponding electric heating device, a heat preservation lining and a corresponding electric heating element arranged in the furnace body. The heat preservation lining includes a heat insulation furnace liner arranged in the furnace body and an integral heat insulation lining plate arranged on the inner side of the furnace door; this kiln uses an electric heating element to carry out the firing operation on the embryo body.

[0004] When using a firing kiln, firing requires using air flow to take away the moisture in the embryo body, and the air flow usually contains a certain temperature. This part of the air flow is directly discharged outdoors, which is likely to cause waste of heat energy and is not energy-saving. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an energy-saving ceramic firing kiln, which solves the problem of heat waste in the gas discharged from the firing kiln.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: An energy-saving ceramic firing kiln includes a kiln component. The kiln component includes a kiln body. The inner wall of the kiln body is provided with electric heating wires. The front part of the kiln body is rotatably connected with a kiln door. It further includes: An exhaust air component, which is arranged on the outer wall of the kiln body and is used to guide and utilize the high-temperature exhaust gas; the exhaust air component includes an exhaust gas heat preservation shell adapted to the kiln body. An inlet is provided at the lower part of the exhaust gas heat preservation shell, and an exhaust channel is fixedly connected to the upper part of the exhaust gas heat preservation shell; An energy-saving component, which is arranged outside the kiln body and is used to absorb the temperature of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas heat preservation shell; the energy-saving component includes a heat preservation water tank. A circulating water pump is fixedly installed at the front part of the heat preservation water tank. The water outlet end of the circulating water pump is connected to a heat exchange shell through a liquid inlet pipe. The water pumping end of the circulating water pump is communicated with the heat preservation water tank through a pipeline. The heat exchange shell is communicated with a heat absorption pipe through a pipeline. The end of the heat absorption pipe is communicated with the heat preservation water tank through a liquid return pipe; A pressure maintaining component, which is arranged in the exhaust channel and is used to provide adjustable resistance for the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust channel; An intake assembly, which is arranged at the top of the kiln body and is used to introduce air into the kiln body; the intake assembly includes an intermediate housing fixedly installed at the top of the kiln body, a reversing member is arranged at the upper part of the intermediate housing, an adjusting member is arranged at the front part of the intermediate housing, the adjusting member is used to control the angular position of the reversing member, a fan is arranged at the top of the intermediate housing, and an air inlet housing is arranged at the upper part of the fan. By setting the energy-saving component and the exhaust component, the discharged high-temperature tail gas can be used to provide a heat preservation function for the kiln body, reduce the heat preservation energy consumption, and heat water by using the temperature of the tail gas to improve the utilization rate of heat energy.

[0007] Preferably, an air intake channel is arranged on the top wall of the kiln body, an air intake housing is fixedly connected at the air intake channel, a horizontal opening is arranged on the side wall of the air intake housing, a limiting rail is arranged at the lower part of the kiln body, a walking wheel frame is arranged in the limiting rail, a placing base is arranged at the upper part of the walking wheel frame, the placing base cooperates with the kiln body, a tail gas port is arranged at the lower part of the kiln body, a wind blocking body is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the kiln body and below the electric heating wire, and a wind blocking groove is arranged at the upper part of the wind blocking body; a flow dividing component for separating air flow is arranged in the placing base.

[0008] Preferably, a bottom frame is arranged at the bottom of the heat preservation water tank, the bottom frame is located outside the kiln body, a protective shell is fixedly connected to the front part of the heat absorption pipe, a top shell is fixedly connected to the protective shell, the top shell is located above the heat absorption pipe, the longitudinal section of the top shell is in the shape of a C, and the width of the top shell occupies half of the inner cavity width of the tail gas heat preservation shell.

[0009] Preferably, the pressure maintaining component includes a fixed frame fixedly installed in the exhaust passage, a connecting rod is slidably connected in the fixed frame, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a pressure maintaining plate, the pressure maintaining plate is adapted to the fixed frame, the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with an end piece, an adjusting nut is threadedly connected to the connecting rod, a pressure applying sleeve is movably sleeved on the connecting rod, the pressure applying sleeve is located on the side of the adjusting nut close to the fixed frame, a pressure maintaining spring is sleeved on the connecting rod between the pressure applying sleeve and the fixed frame, a scale bar is fixedly connected between the end piece and the pressure maintaining plate, and the scale bar passes through the pressure applying sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, the reversing member includes a communicating pipe communicated with the tail gas heat preservation shell, a blocking edge is fixedly connected to one end of the communicating pipe away from the tail gas heat preservation shell, a reversing shell is rotatably connected to one end of the communicating pipe away from the tail gas heat preservation shell, the communicating pipe extends into the reversing shell, a sealing ring is arranged between the blocking edge and the reversing shell, a driving shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the reversing shell away from the communicating pipe, and the driving shaft is rotatably matched with the intermediate housing; both the reversing shell and the heat exchange shell are made of copper materials, and an opening is arranged on the side wall of the air inlet housing.

[0011] Preferably, the adjusting member includes a servo motor fixedly installed on the outside of the middle housing. The output end of the servo motor is fixedly connected with a driving pulley. An intermediate pulley, a driven member, a driven part, and an edge pulley are arranged outside the driving pulley. The driving pulley and the intermediate pulley are driven by a synchronous belt. The intermediate pulley and the driven member are driven by a synchronous belt. The driven member and the driven part are driven by gear meshing. The driven part and the edge pulley are driven by a synchronous belt. The intermediate pulley, the driven member, the driven part, and the edge pulley are fixedly connected with corresponding drive shafts.

[0012] Preferably, the longitudinal section of the heat exchange shell is in an inverted U shape. Two channels are provided at the lower part of the middle housing. The heat exchange shell can extend into the two channels. The heat exchange shell is located below the commutation member.

[0013] Preferably, the flow splitting assembly includes a flow splitting plate and a lifting member slidably installed on the placement base. The lifting member is located below the flow splitting plate. A first flow splitting spring is sleeved on the rod-shaped part of the lifting member. The end of the lifting member is fixedly connected with a second flow splitting spring.

[0014] The present invention provides a ceramic energy-saving firing kiln, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. Through the energy-saving component and the exhaust air component provided by the present invention, the discharged high-temperature tail gas can provide a heat preservation function for the kiln body, reduce the heat preservation energy consumption, and heat water by using the temperature of the tail gas, thereby improving the utilization rate of heat energy.

[0015] 2. Through the pressure maintaining component provided by the present invention, resistance can be provided for the exhaust of the tail gas, ensuring the stable atmosphere pressure in the firing kiln and improving the firing quality.

[0016] 3. Through the air inlet component provided by the present invention, air in different directions can be added into the kiln body. Cooperating with the energy-saving component, the air is preheated, reducing the energy consumption in the initial heating stage. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a front view of the whole of the present invention; Figure 3 is a perspective view of the kiln assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 is Figure 3 the enlarged view of part A in Figure 5 is a perspective view of the energy-saving component of the present invention; Figure 6 is a perspective view of the heat absorption tube and the top shell of the present invention; Figure 7 is a perspective view of the exhaust air component of the present invention; Figure 8 A cutaway perspective view of the exhaust air component, energy-saving component, and pressure-maintaining component of the present invention; Figure 9 A perspective view of the pressure-maintaining component of the present invention; Figure 10 A perspective view of the exhaust air component of the present invention after removing the fixed frame; Figure 11 An exploded perspective view of the intake air component of the present invention; Figure 12 A perspective view of the adjusting member of the present invention; Figure 13 A cutaway perspective view of the commutation member of the present invention; Figure 14 is Figure 13 An enlarged view of part B in Figure 15 A partial cross-sectional view of the present invention from the rear to the front perspective; Figure 16 A perspective view of the flow splitting component of the present invention.

[0018] Wherein, 1, furnace component; 2, energy-saving component; 3, exhaust air component; 4, pressure-maintaining component; 5, intake air component; 101, furnace body; 102, heating wire; 103, intake air housing; 104, wind blocking body; 105, furnace door; 106, placement base; 107, walking wheel frame; 108, limiting rail; 109, tail gas port; 1041, wind blocking groove; 201, bottom frame; 202, heat preservation water tank; 203, circulating water pump; 204, liquid inlet pipe; 205, heat exchange housing; 206, heat absorption pipe; 207, top housing; 208, return liquid pipe; 209, protective housing; 301, tail gas heat preservation housing; 302, exhaust passage; 303, inlet; 401, fixed frame; 402, pressure-maintaining plate; 403, end piece; 404, scale bar; 405, pressure application sleeve; 406, adjusting nut; 407, pressure-maintaining spring; 408, connecting rod; 501, air inlet housing; 502, fan; 503, commutation member; 504, intermediate housing; 505, adjusting member; 5051, servo motor; 5052, driving pulley; 5053, intermediate pulley; 5054, driven member; 5055, passive member; 5056, edge pulley; 5031, connecting pipe; 5032, commutation housing; 5033, driving shaft; 5034, sealing ring; 5035, blocking edge; 601, lifting member; 602, flow splitting piece; 603, flow splitting spring one; 604, flow splitting spring two. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] As Figures 1 - 16 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a ceramic energy-saving firing kiln, which includes a kiln component 1. The kiln component 1 includes a kiln body 101. An electric heating wire 102 is provided on the inner wall of the kiln body 101. A kiln door 105 is rotatably connected to the front part of the kiln body 101. Referring to Figure 1 , the kiln body 101 is integrally in the shape of a hollow cuboid and has a space inside, which can be used to accommodate a placement base 106 and ceramic blanks to ensure the stability of the firing process. The electric heating wire 102 is used to convert electrical energy into heat energy, and the number of the electric heating wires 102 can be freely selected according to the size of the kiln body 101. The kiln door 105 is used to cooperate with the kiln body 101 to form a heat preservation space, providing necessary conditions for maintaining the firing temperature. In order to detect the temperature inside the kiln body 101, a temperature sensor can be used for real-time monitoring to ensure the accuracy of the firing temperature.

[0021] An air inlet channel is provided on the top wall of the kiln body 101. An air inlet shell 103 is fixedly connected at the air inlet channel. A horizontal opening is provided on the side wall of the air inlet shell 103. A limiting rail 108 is provided at the lower part of the kiln body 101. A walking wheel frame 107 is provided inside the limiting rail 108. A placement base 106 is provided on the upper part of the walking wheel frame 107. The placement base 106 cooperates with the kiln body 101. A tail gas port 109 is provided at the lower part of the kiln body 101. A wind blocking body 104 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the kiln body 101 and below the electric heating wire 102. A wind blocking groove 1041 is provided on the upper part of the wind blocking body 104. A flow dividing component for dividing the air flow is provided inside the placement base 106. Referring to Figure 3 、 Figure 4, The intake channel is used for air to enter the intake housing 103 and then discharge from the horizontal opening of the intake housing 103. The air flow will contact the heating wire 102, enabling the air flow to be fully heated by the heating wire 102. A part of the air flow enters the air blocking groove 1041. The air blocking groove 1041 obstructs the air flow from flowing along the side wall and slows down the air flow velocity, allowing more air flow to act on the embryo body; the walking wheel frame 107 can be moved out of or into the kiln body 101, providing operational convenience for the removal and placement of the embryo body; the placement base 106 has the same heat preservation function as the side wall of the kiln body 101; the tail gas port 109 is used for discharging tail gas. In the initial stage, the tail gas contains moisture. The tail gas port 109 is strip-shaped, which can discharge the water-containing tail gas to the greatest extent, shorten the water drainage process of the embryo body, and improve the firing efficiency.

[0022] The flow splitting assembly includes a flow splitting plate 602 and a lifting member 601 that are slidably mounted on the placement base 106. The lifting member 601 is located below the flow splitting plate 602. A first flow splitting spring 603 is sleeved on the rod-shaped portion of the lifting member 601, and a second flow splitting spring 604 is fixedly connected to the end of the lifting member 601; Reference Figure 16 , As the placement base 106 is moved into the kiln body 101, the lifting member 601 will contact the inner wall of the kiln body 101 and move into the placement base 106. The inclined surface on the upper part of the lifting member 601 can push up the flow splitting plate 602. When the lifting member 601 moves, it will squeeze the first flow splitting spring 603 and the second flow splitting spring 604. The first flow splitting spring 603 and the second flow splitting spring 604 will be compressed. Both ends of the first flow splitting spring 603 and the second flow splitting spring 604 have spiral parts, which are used to better contact the cavity in the placement base 106. This part can provide a certain supporting force for the flow splitting plate 602 to ensure the stability of the flow splitting plate 602.

[0023] It also includes: An exhaust air assembly 3, which is arranged on the outer wall of the kiln body 101 and is used to guide and utilize the high-temperature tail gas; the exhaust air assembly 3 includes a tail gas heat preservation housing 301 adapted to the kiln body 101. An inlet 303 is provided at the lower part of the tail gas heat preservation housing 301, and an exhaust channel 302 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the tail gas heat preservation housing 301; Reference Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 8, During the exhaust process, the exhaust gas enters the exhaust gas heat preservation shell 301 from the inlet 303, and then can be discharged from the exhaust passage 302 into the subsequent exhaust gas treatment device. The exhaust gas heat preservation shell 301 has the function of heat preservation. Since the exhaust gas heat preservation shell 301 is located outside the kiln body 101, therefore, on the premise of the heat preservation of the kiln body 101 itself, the exhaust gas heat preservation shell 301 can also provide a heat preservation effect, further reducing the loss of temperature, being suitable for the heat preservation stage of the firing process, reducing the energy consumption for maintaining the temperature, and being relatively energy-saving in use; Since there is a certain amount of dust in the exhaust gas, a filter screen box can be added at the inlet 303 to achieve the filtering function of the dust, and it can be optionally added or not.

[0024] Energy-saving component 2, the energy-saving component 2 is arranged outside the kiln body 101 and is used to absorb the temperature of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas heat preservation shell 301; The energy-saving component 2 includes a heat preservation water tank 202, a circulating water pump 203 is fixedly installed at the front of the heat preservation water tank 202, the water outlet end of the circulating water pump 203 is connected with a heat exchange shell 205 through a liquid inlet pipe 204, the water pumping end of the circulating water pump 203 is communicated with the heat preservation water tank 202 through a pipeline, the heat exchange shell 205 is communicated with a heat absorption pipe 206 through a pipeline, and the end of the heat absorption pipe 206 is connected with the heat preservation water tank 202 through a liquid return pipe 208; The longitudinal section of the heat exchange shell 205 is in the shape of an inverted U, there are two channels at the lower part of the middle shell 504, the heat exchange shell 205 can extend into the two channels, and the heat exchange shell 205 is located below the reversing part 503; Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 , The heat preservation water tank 202 has the function of heat preservation, and the heat preservation water tank 202 is also provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe for adding water into the heat preservation water tank 202 or discharging the water in the heat preservation water tank 202 for use; When circulating water flow is needed, the circulating water pump 203 works under the action of an external power supply and a controller, injects the water in the heat preservation water tank 202 into the heat exchange shell 205 through the liquid inlet pipe 204, and then flows into the heat absorption pipe 206. The overall length of the heat absorption pipe 206 is relatively long, and the heat absorption pipe 206 is located in the exhaust gas heat preservation shell 301. The high-temperature exhaust gas in the exhaust gas heat preservation shell 301 will exchange heat with the heat absorption pipe 206 to heat the water flow in the heat absorption pipe 206. By using the heat absorption of the water flow, the temperature of the exhaust gas can be reduced, thus avoiding the waste of the temperature in the exhaust gas. The heated water flows back into the heat preservation water tank 202 through the liquid return pipe 208 again, and the heat preservation water tank 202 keeps the water with heat warm; In addition, since the heat exchange shell 205 is located inside the middle shell 504, the air flow circulating in the middle shell 504 will contact the heat exchange shell 205. After the heat of the tail gas is absorbed by water during the preheating process and the water temperature rises, the temperature of the heat exchange shell 205 will rise synchronously with the water temperature during the heat preservation stage. The normal temperature air flow in the middle shell 504 will be heated, realizing the preheating function, avoiding too large a temperature difference between the embryo temperature and the incoming air flow temperature, which may cause a decline in the quality of embryo firing, and thus improving the firing quality; the shape of the longitudinal section of the heat exchange shell 205 is an inverted U shape, and the parts of the heat exchange shell 205 extending into the two channels of the middle shell 504 will increase the contact area between the air flow and the heat exchange shell 205, improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0025] A chassis 201 is provided at the bottom of the heat preservation water tank 202. The chassis 201 is located outside the kiln furnace body 101. A protective shell 209 is fixedly connected to the front part of the heat absorption pipe 206. A top shell 207 is fixedly connected to the protective shell 209. The top shell 207 is located above the heat absorption pipe 206. The shape of the longitudinal section of the top shell 207 is C-shaped, and the width of the top shell 207 occupies half of the inner cavity width of the tail gas heat preservation shell 301. Reference Figure 5 , the chassis 201 provides a supporting force for the heat preservation water tank 202 to prevent the heat preservation water tank 202 from being collided; the protective shell 209 is used to provide protection for the heat absorption pipe 206 to ensure the stable installation of the heat absorption pipe 206; the C-shaped top shell 207 is used to block the flow of the tail gas, enabling the tail gas to flow countercurrently downward. The countercurrent tail gas impacts the downstream tail gas, reducing the tail gas flow velocity, allowing the tail gas to fully contact the heat absorption pipe 206, and improving the heat exchange efficiency; the top shell 207 occupies half of the inner cavity width of the tail gas heat preservation shell 301, and the air flow in the unoccupied inner cavity part can flow normally to ensure the most basic tail gas flow velocity.

[0026] The pressure maintaining assembly 4 is arranged in the exhaust passage 302 and is used to provide adjustable resistance to the tail gas discharged from the exhaust passage 302. The pressure maintaining assembly 4 includes a fixed frame 401 fixedly installed in the exhaust passage 302. A connecting rod 408 is slidably connected in the fixed frame 401. One end of the connecting rod 408 is fixedly connected with a pressure maintaining plate 402. The pressure maintaining plate 402 is adapted to the fixed frame 401. The other end of the connecting rod 408 is fixedly connected with an end piece 403. An adjusting nut 406 is threadedly connected to the connecting rod 408. A pressure applying sleeve 405 is movably sleeved on the connecting rod 408. The pressure applying sleeve 405 is located on the side of the adjusting nut 406 close to the fixed frame 401. A pressure maintaining spring 407 is sleeved on the connecting rod 408 between the pressure applying sleeve 405 and the fixed frame 401. A scale bar 404 is fixedly connected between the end piece 403 and the pressure maintaining plate 402. The scale bar 404 passes through the pressure applying sleeve 405. Reference Figure 8 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10, during the pressure holding operation, when the tail gas flows upward into the exhaust passage 302, it will be blocked by the pressure holding plate 402, thereby increasing the gas pressure inside the furnace body 101, the tail gas heat preservation shell 301 and the exhaust passage 302, ensuring that the tail gas can enter the reversing shell 5032 through the connecting pipe 5031, and also ensuring that the tail gas can fully contact the heat absorption pipe 206; due to the increase in gas pressure, the air pressure will overcome the elastic force of the pressure holding spring 407, causing the pressure holding plate 402 to move away from the fixed frame 401, and the tail gas will be discharged from the gap between the pressure holding plate 402 and the fixed frame 401, completing the smooth release of the tail gas; in order to adapt to the temperature of the tail gas, the pressure holding spring 407 should be made of materials that can adapt to high temperatures, such as nickel-based alloy springs; When the pressure holding pressure needs to be adjusted, by rotating the adjusting nut 406, the position of the pressure applying sleeve 405 on the connecting rod 408 can be changed. When the adjusting nut 406 is tightened, the pressure applying sleeve 405 approaches the fixed frame 401, the deformation amount of the compressed pressure holding spring 407 increases, and the reaction force provided by the pressure holding spring 407 increases, so a greater air pressure is required to overcome the elastic force; conversely, the deformation amount of the pressure holding spring 407 can be reduced, and a smaller air pressure can overcome the elastic force, thus realizing the function of adjusting the air pressure; in order to improve the adjustment accuracy, according to the position of the pressure applying sleeve 405 on the scale bar 404, observe the scale value where the pressure applying sleeve 405 is located to intuitively reflect the magnitude of the adjusted pressure.

[0027] The air intake assembly 5 is provided at the top of the furnace body 101 and is used to introduce air into the furnace body 101; the air intake assembly 5 includes an intermediate housing 504 fixedly installed on the top of the furnace body 101, a reversing member 503 is provided on the upper part of the intermediate housing 504, an adjusting member 505 is provided at the front of the intermediate housing 504, and the adjusting member 505 is used to control the angular position of the reversing member 503. A blower 502 is provided on the top of the intermediate housing 504, and an air inlet housing 501 is provided above the blower 502; both the reversing shell 5032 and the heat exchange shell 205 are made of copper material, and an opening is provided on the side wall of the air inlet housing 501; Reference Figure 11 , Figure 1 , the blower 502 is used to blow the outside air into the intermediate housing 504, and the reversing member 503 can change the flow direction of the air flow. For example, when the reversing member 503 is in a vertical state, the air flow flows vertically downward. When the reversing member 503 is in an inclined state, the air flow is blocked by the reversing member 503 and then flows to the unblocked side, thereby achieving the purpose of changing the air flow direction; when the reversing shell 5032 is in a horizontal state, multiple reversing shells 5032 will block the upper inner cavity of the intermediate housing 504, thereby reducing the air supply volume and ensuring the stability of the input air flow. Both the reversing shell 5032 and the heat exchange shell 205 are made of copper material, and copper material has good heat exchange efficiency. It can also be replaced with other materials with good heat exchange efficiency, which can be selected according to specific circumstances.

[0028] The reversing member 503 includes a connecting pipe 5031 communicating with the exhaust gas heat preservation shell 301. One end of the connecting pipe 5031 away from the exhaust gas heat preservation shell 301 is fixedly connected with a blocking edge 5035. One end of the connecting pipe 5031 away from the exhaust gas heat preservation shell 301 is rotatably connected with a reversing shell 5032. The connecting pipe 5031 extends into the reversing shell 5032. A sealing ring 5034 is provided between the blocking edge 5035 and the reversing shell 5032. One end of the reversing shell 5032 away from the connecting pipe 5031 is fixedly connected with a driving shaft 5033. The driving shaft 5033 is rotatably matched with the intermediate housing 504; Reference Figure 11 , Figure 13 , the exhaust gas will enter the reversing shell 5032 through the connecting pipe 5031; since the connecting pipe 5031 is rotatably connected with the reversing shell 5032, therefore, the reversing shell 5032 can rotate. Among them, the sealing ring 5034 and the blocking edge 5035 can ensure that the exhaust gas will not leak from the connection between the connecting pipe 5031 and the reversing shell 5032, ensuring good sealing performance; the reversing shell 5032 is integrally in the shape of a long strip, providing a good guiding effect for the flow direction of the air flow; since the temperature of the reversing shell 5032 will change with the temperature of the exhaust gas, therefore, the air flowing in the intermediate housing 504 will also be preheated by the reversing shell 5032, increasing the air temperature and reducing heat waste and improving the utilization rate of heat.

[0029] The adjusting member 505 includes a servo motor 5051 fixedly installed on the outer side of the intermediate housing 504. The output end of the servo motor 5051 is fixedly connected with a driving pulley 5052. An intermediate pulley 5053, a driven member 5054, a passive member 5055, and an edge pulley 5056 are provided outside the driving pulley 5052. The driving pulley 5052 and the intermediate pulley 5053 are driven by a synchronous belt. The intermediate pulley 5053 and the driven member 5054 are driven by a synchronous belt. The driven member 5054 and the passive member 5055 are driven by gear meshing. The passive member 5055 and the edge pulley 5056 are driven by a synchronous belt. The intermediate pulley 5053, the driven member 5054, the passive member 5055, and the edge pulley 5056 are fixedly connected with the corresponding driving shaft 5033; Reference Figure 12, during the adjustment operation, the servo motor 5051 operates under the action of an external power supply and a controller, driving the driving pulley 5052 to rotate to the required angle. The control of the angle is achieved through the built-in encoder of the servo motor 5051, which monitors the position, speed, and torque of the rotor in real time and feeds back signals to the controller to achieve precise control. The driving pulley 5052 drives the intermediate pulley 5053 to rotate synchronously through a timing belt, and the intermediate pulley 5053 drives the driven member 5054 to rotate synchronously through a timing belt, thereby driving the drive shaft 5033 fixedly connected to the driving pulley 5052, the intermediate pulley 5053, and the driven member 5054 to rotate. The driven member 5054 drives the passive member 5055 to rotate in the reverse direction through gear meshing, and the passive member 5055 drives the edge pulley 5056 to rotate synchronously in the reverse direction through a timing belt, thereby driving the drive shaft 5033 fixedly connected to the driving pulley 5052, the intermediate pulley 5053, and the driven member 5054 to rotate, so as to control the symmetric rotation of the reversing members 503 on both sides, enabling the airflow to be guided to the heat exchange shell 205 by the reversing members 503, allowing the airflow to fully contact and exchange heat with the heat exchange shell 205, and ensuring good preheating effect.

[0030] Working principle: During use, place the blank to be fired on the placement base 106, and then move the placement base 106 and the blank into the kiln body 101 through the walking wheel frame 107, and close the kiln door 105; The heating wire 102 and the blower 502 operate, and the circulating water pump 203 operates to inject the water in the heat preservation water tank 202 into the heat exchange shell 205 through the liquid inlet pipe 204, and then flow into the heat absorption pipe 206. The overall length of the heat absorption pipe 206 is relatively long, and the heat absorption pipe 206 is located in the exhaust gas heat preservation shell 301. The high-temperature exhaust gas in the exhaust gas heat preservation shell 301 will exchange heat with the heat absorption pipe 206 to heat the water flow in the heat absorption pipe 206. By using the heat absorption of the water flow, the temperature of the exhaust gas can be reduced, thus avoiding the waste of the temperature in the exhaust gas. The heated water flows back into the heat preservation water tank 202 through the liquid return pipe 208 again, and the heat preservation water tank 202 keeps the water with heat warm; When the water temperature rises, during the heat preservation stage, the temperature of the heat exchange shell 205 will rise synchronously with the water temperature. The servo motor 5051 operates to control the symmetric rotation of the reversing members 503 on both sides, enabling the airflow to be guided to the heat exchange shell 205 by the reversing members 503, allowing the airflow to fully contact and exchange heat with the heat exchange shell 205. The normal-temperature airflow in the intermediate housing 504 will be heated, realizing the preheating function, avoiding too large a temperature difference between the temperature of the blank and the temperature of the incoming airflow, which may cause a decline in the firing quality of the blank, and thus improving the firing quality; During the pressure holding operation, when the tail gas flows upward into the exhaust passage 302, it will be blocked by the pressure holding plate 402, thereby increasing the gas pressure in the furnace body 101, the tail gas heat preservation shell 301 and the exhaust passage 302, ensuring that the tail gas can enter the reversing shell 5032 through the connecting pipe 5031, and also ensuring that the tail gas can fully contact the heat absorption pipe 206. Due to the increase in gas pressure, the air pressure will overcome the elastic force of the pressure holding spring 407, causing the pressure holding plate 402 to move away from the fixed frame 401, and the tail gas will be discharged from the gap between the pressure holding plate 402 and the fixed frame 401, completing the smooth release of the tail gas; During the cooling process, the above-mentioned circulating water pump 203 can also work. After releasing the hot water, cold water is added to the heat preservation water tank 202, and then the heat in the tail gas is absorbed again. By using the heat of the tail gas in the cooling stage, the waste of heat is reduced as a whole, and it is very energy-saving to use.

[0031] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A ceramic energy-saving firing kiln, comprising a kiln assembly (1), the kiln assembly (1) includes a kiln body (101), the inner wall of the kiln body (101) is provided with heating wires (102), and a kiln door (105) is rotatably connected to the front part of the kiln body (101), characterized in that, Also included are: An exhaust air assembly (3), which is arranged on the outer wall of the kiln furnace body (101) and is used to guide and utilize high-temperature tail gas; the exhaust air assembly (3) includes a tail gas heat preservation shell (301) adapted to the kiln furnace body (101), an inlet (303) is arranged at the lower part of the tail gas heat preservation shell (301), and an exhaust passage (302) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the tail gas heat preservation shell (301); An energy-saving assembly (2), which is arranged outside the kiln furnace body (101) and is used to absorb the temperature of the tail gas in the tail gas heat preservation shell (301); the energy-saving assembly (2) includes a heat preservation water tank (202), a circulating water pump (203) is fixedly installed at the front part of the heat preservation water tank (202), the water outlet end of the circulating water pump (203) is connected with a heat exchange shell (205) through a liquid inlet pipe (204), the water pumping end of the circulating water pump (203) is communicated with the heat preservation water tank (202) through a pipeline, the heat exchange shell (205) is communicated with a heat absorption pipe (206) through a pipeline, and the end of the heat absorption pipe (206) is communicated with the heat preservation water tank (202) through a liquid return pipe (208); A pressure maintaining assembly (4), which is arranged in the exhaust passage (302) and is used to provide adjustable resistance for the tail gas discharged from the exhaust passage (302); An air inlet assembly (5), which is arranged at the top of the kiln furnace body (101) and is used to add air into the kiln furnace body (101); the air inlet assembly (5) includes an intermediate shell (504) fixedly installed at the top of the kiln furnace body (101), a reversing member (503) is arranged at the upper part of the intermediate shell (504), an adjusting member (505) is arranged at the front part of the intermediate shell (504), the adjusting member (505) is used to control the angular position of the reversing member (503), a blower (502) is arranged at the top of the intermediate shell (504), and an air inlet shell (501) is arranged at the upper part of the blower (502).

2. The ceramic energy-saving firing kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet passage is arranged on the top wall of the kiln furnace body (101), an air inlet shell (103) is fixedly connected at the air inlet passage, a horizontal opening is arranged on the side wall of the air inlet shell (103), a limiting rail (108) is arranged at the lower part of the kiln furnace body (101), a traveling wheel frame (107) is arranged in the limiting rail (108), a placing base (106) is arranged at the upper part of the traveling wheel frame (107), the placing base (106) cooperates with the kiln furnace body (101), a tail gas port (109) is arranged at the lower part of the kiln furnace body (101), a wind blocking body (104) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the kiln furnace body (101) and below the electric heating wire (102), a wind blocking groove (1041) is arranged at the upper part of the wind blocking body (104); a flow dividing assembly for dividing air flow is arranged in the placing base (106).

3. The ceramic energy-saving firing kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the heat preservation water tank (202) is provided with a chassis (201), the chassis (201) is located outside the kiln body (101), the front part of the heat absorption pipe (206) is fixedly connected with a protective shell (209), the protective shell (209) is fixedly connected with a top shell (207), the top shell (207) is located above the heat absorption pipe (206), the longitudinal section of the top shell (207) is in the shape of a C, and the width of the top shell (207) occupies half of the inner cavity width of the exhaust gas heat preservation shell (301).

4. A ceramic energy-saving firing kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure maintaining assembly (4) includes a fixed frame (401) fixedly installed in the exhaust passage (302), a connecting rod (408) is slidably connected in the fixed frame (401), one end of the connecting rod (408) is fixedly connected with a pressure maintaining plate (402), the pressure maintaining plate (402) is adapted to the fixed frame (401), the other end of the connecting rod (408) is fixedly connected with an end piece (403), an adjusting nut (406) is threadedly connected to the connecting rod (408), a pressure applying sleeve (405) is movably sleeved on the connecting rod (408), the pressure applying sleeve (405) is located on the side of the adjusting nut (406) close to the fixed frame (401), a pressure maintaining spring (407) is sleeved on the connecting rod (408) between the pressure applying sleeve (405) and the fixed frame (401), a scale bar (404) is fixedly connected between the end piece (403) and the pressure maintaining plate (402), and the scale bar (404) passes through the pressure applying sleeve (405).

5. A ceramic energy-saving firing kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reversing part (503) includes a communicating pipe (5031) communicated with the exhaust gas heat preservation shell (301), a blocking edge (5035) is fixedly connected to one end of the communicating pipe (5031) away from the exhaust gas heat preservation shell (301), a reversing shell (5032) is rotatably connected to one end of the communicating pipe (5031) away from the exhaust gas heat preservation shell (301), the communicating pipe (5031) extends into the reversing shell (5032), a sealing ring (5034) is arranged between the blocking edge (5035) and the reversing shell (5032), a driving shaft (5033) is fixedly connected to one end of the reversing shell (5032) away from the communicating pipe (5031), and the driving shaft (5033) is rotationally matched with the middle shell (504); both the reversing shell (5032) and the heat exchange shell (205) are made of copper materials, and an opening is arranged on the side wall of the air inlet shell (501).

6. The ceramic energy-saving firing kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting member (505) includes a servo motor (5051) fixedly installed on the outer side of the intermediate housing (504). The output end of the servo motor (5051) is fixedly connected with a driving pulley (5052). An intermediate pulley (5053), a driven member (5054), a passive member (5055), and an edge pulley (5056) are arranged outside the driving pulley (5052). The driving pulley (5052) and the intermediate pulley (5053) are driven by a timing belt. The intermediate pulley (5053) and the driven member (5054) are driven by a timing belt. The driven member (5054) and the passive member (5055) are driven by gear meshing. The passive member (5055) and the edge pulley (5056) are driven by a timing belt. The intermediate pulley (5053), the driven member (5054), the passive member (5055), and the edge pulley (5056) are fixedly connected with corresponding drive shafts (5033).

7. A ceramic energy-saving firing kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal section of the heat exchange shell (205) is in an inverted U shape. Two channels are provided at the lower part of the intermediate housing (504). The heat exchange shell (205) can extend into the two channels. The heat exchange shell (205) is located below the reversing member (503).

8. A ceramic energy-saving firing kiln according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flow splitting assembly includes a flow splitting piece (602) and a lifting member (601) slidably installed on the placing base (106). The lifting member (601) is located below the flow splitting piece (602). A first flow splitting spring (603) is sleeved on the rod-shaped part of the lifting member (601). The end of the lifting member (601) is fixedly connected with a second flow splitting spring (604).

Images