Electronic fuse for controlling firework launching, implementation method of electronic fuse and display shell

Abstract

The invention provides an electronic fuse for controlling firework launching, an implementation method of the electronic fuse and a display shell. The electronic fuse is characterized in that an MCU is connected with an IO pin of an IMU module through the IO pin; the MCU is connected with a DOUT pin of the electronic ignition dedicated chip through a DIN pin; the MCU is connected with a first port of the safety switch through a LOCK pin; the electronic ignition dedicated chip is connected with the non-polar dual-bus interface through an AB pin; a VDD pin is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor, and a GND pin is connected with the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor; the capacitor is connected with the positive electrode of the ignition capacitor through a VCHG pin, and is connected with the negative electrode of the ignition capacitor through a GND pin; the first port is connected with the second port of the safety switch through a VCHG pin; the second port is connected with the first port of the ignition switch through an FIRE pin; the first port is connected with the second port of the ignition switch through a GND pin; a third port of the ignition switch is connected with one end of the patch bridge wire / ignition resistor; and the other end of the patch bridge wire / ignition resistor is connected with a third port of the safety switch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fireworks electronic fuses, in particular to an electronic fuse for controlling the launch of fireworks and an implementation method thereof, as well as a display shell. More particularly, the present invention relates to a fireworks opening charge electronic fuse with the functions of calculating muzzle velocity and terminating detonation. Background Art

[0002] Traditional fireworks launch control mostly uses fuse / fuse tube fuzes or simple electronic timing fuzes, which have a single function and cannot dynamically adjust the detonation according to the actual launch status. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fireworks opening charge electronic fuze that can calculate the muzzle velocity and has the function of terminating detonation.

[0003] Patent document CN216745748U (application number: 202123210067.2) discloses an electronic fuse for controlling the height of fireworks, which relates to the technical field of electronic fuses for fireworks. The fuse includes a display shell decapping charge, a chip module, a patch bridge wire, a DB25 line, an RS485 line, and a control module wiring board. The display shell decapping charge is provided with a chip module inside, an electronic pin is provided on one side of the chip module, a patch bridge wire is connected to one side of the chip module, an ignition charge head is provided on the outside of the patch bridge wire, a chip interface is provided on one side of the control module wiring board, a dual-core bus is provided on the outside of the chip interface, and a pin connection for cooperating with the electronic pin is provided at one end of the dual-core bus. The control module wiring board is electrically connected to a detection circuit module via a DB line. The ignition capacitor and the patch bridge wire are inherently electrically connected in the patent, and the detonation of the decapping charge cannot be terminated when the display shell launch fails to meet the blasting height requirements.

[0004] Patent document CN205784910U (Application Number: 201620508832.9) discloses an electronic ignition delay fireworks system. The electronic delay ignition modules are located in the ignition and blasting charges of each display shell; they are connected to a host computer via a fieldbus network. Two-core wires are connected to the electronic delay ignition modules. Two sets of two-core wires are led from each electronic delay ignition module. These two sets of two-core wires are connected to a connecting device, which leads to a set of communication pins. Within the connecting device, the two sets of two-core wires are connected in parallel to the communication pins. These pins are connected to a bus wiring card. The communication pins of different display shells are connected in parallel to a field communication busbar via the bus wiring card. The field communication busbar is connected to a terminal on the host computer. This patent also lacks the function of terminating the detonation of the opening charge after an abnormal launch. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an electronic fuse for controlling the launch of fireworks, a method for implementing the same, and a display shell.

[0006] An electronic fuse for controlling the launch of fireworks according to the present invention includes: an MCU 1, a dedicated electronic ignition chip 2, a non-polar dual-bus interface 3, an IMU module 4, an energy storage capacitor 5, a firing switch 6, a firing capacitor 7, a patch bridge wire / firing resistor 8, and a safety switch 9;

[0007] The MCU 1 is connected to the IO pins of the IMU module 4 through its IO pins; the MCU 1 is connected to the DOUT pin of the dedicated electronic ignition chip 2 through its DIN pin; the MCU 1 is connected to the first port of the safety switch 9 through its LOCK pin;

[0008] The dedicated electronic ignition chip 2 is connected to the non-polar dual-bus interface 3 through its AB pins; is connected to the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor 5 through its VDD pin, and is connected to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor 5 through its GND pin; is connected to the positive electrode of the firing capacitor 7 through its VCHG pin, and is connected to the negative electrode of the firing capacitor 7 through its GND pin; is connected to the second port of the safety switch 9 through its VCHG pin; is connected to the first port of the firing switch 6 through its FIRE pin; is connected to the second port of the firing switch 6 through its GND pin; the third port of the firing switch 6 is connected to one end of the patch bridge wire / firing resistor 8; the other end of the patch bridge wire / firing resistor 8 is connected to the third port of the safety switch 9.

[0009] Preferably, the MCU 1 is used to obtain the data transmitted by the IMU module (4) and determine the muzzle time based on the data transmitted by the IMU module (4); and is also used to control the safety switch 9;

[0010] The dedicated electronic ignition chip 2 is used to receive the instructions sent by the controller to the electronic fuse and transmit the received instructions to the MCU 1; and is also used to control the firing switch 6;

[0011] The non-polar dual-bus interface 3 is used for energy extraction and communication of the electronic fuse;

[0012] The IMU module 4 is used to obtain 6-axis data based on the IMU module 4; wherein, the 6-axis data includes 3-axis acceleration data and 3-axis gyroscope data;

[0013] The energy storage capacitor 5 is used to charge when the electronic fuse is connected to the non-polar dual-bus and supply power to the electronic fuse after the electronic fuse disconnects from the non-polar dual-bus connection;

[0014] The firing switch 6 is used to control the opening or closing of the firing channel;

[0015] The firing capacitor 7 is used to discharge and heat the patch bridge wire / firing resistor at the end of the delay timing; and is also used to supply power to the electronic fuse during the countdown stage;

[0016] The patch bridge wire / ignition resistor 8 is used to be heated by discharging the ignition capacitor 7 to detonate the ignition charge head;

[0017] The safety switch 9 is used to control the opening or closing of the safety channel.

[0018] Preferably, the controller is connected to the dedicated electronic ignition chip 2;

[0019] The controller is connected to the dedicated electronic ignition chip 2, including: the controller is connected to the non-polar dual-bus interface 3 in the dedicated electronic ignition chip 2 through a non-polar dual bus.

[0020] Preferably, the controller communicates with the electronic fuse for controlling the fireworks launch through a non-polar dual bus;

[0021] The controller issues an instruction to the electronic fuse for controlling the fireworks launch by transmitting a differential signal; the electronic fuse for controlling the fireworks launch feeds back data to the controller by changing the bus current.

[0022] According to an implementation method of an electronic fuse for controlling the fireworks launch provided by the present invention, the following steps are implemented by using the above-mentioned electronic fuse for controlling the fireworks launch:

[0023] Step S1: Before launching, the controller is connected to the non-polar dual-bus interface 3 through a non-polar dual bus to charge the energy storage capacitor 5 in the electronic fuse at a low voltage, and injects the preset initial velocity v0, preset deflection angle θ, minimum initiation height h, and launch tube length L into the MCU1 through a non-polar differential signal; injects the initiation delay t into the dedicated electronic ignition chip 2, and issues an instruction to enable the MCU1 to perform static calibration on the IMU module 4;

[0024] Step S2: In the preparation for launching stage, the controller is connected to the non-polar dual-bus interface 3 through a non-polar dual bus to charge the ignition capacitor 7 in the electronic fuse at a high voltage, and issues an initiation instruction, and ensures that the moment when the instruction is issued is synchronized with the moment when the propellant is ignited through the fireworks electronic ignition system, triggers the dedicated electronic ignition chip 2 to start the delay timing, and synchronously triggers the MCU1 to start acquiring data of the IMU module 4;

[0025] Step S3: After the propellant is ignited, detect the acceleration in all axis directions based on the data of the IMU module 4 obtained by the MCU1. When the acceleration in any axis direction is greater than the preset value, record the current moment as the ignition moment t1; when the acceleration in all axis directions is less than the preset value, record the current moment as the muzzle exit moment t2, and the MCU1 stops obtaining the data of the IMU module 4 after the muzzle exit moment t2; calculate the muzzle exit velocity v of the fireworks based on the length L of the launch tube, the ignition moment t1, and the muzzle exit moment t2; estimate the detonation height H based on the launch tube skew angle θ, the detonation delay t, and the muzzle exit velocity v of the fireworks; compare the calculated detonation height H with the minimum detonation height h to determine whether the current situation is a low detonation; when it is determined that the current is a low detonation, the MCU1 controls the safety switch 9 to open; otherwise, the MCU1 controls the safety switch 9 to close;

[0026] Step S4: When the dedicated electronic ignition chip 2 reaches the preset delay, trigger the ignition switch 6 to open. If the current safety switch 9 is closed, the firing capacitor 7 discharges to heat the patch bridge wire / firing resistor 8 to detonate the primer head, and then detonate the unpacking charge of the fireworks shell; if the current safety switch 9 is open, the firing capacitor 7 cannot discharge to heat the patch bridge wire / firing resistor 8 to detonate the primer head, and thus cannot detonate the unpacking charge of the fireworks shell.

[0027] Preferably, the instruction for the MCU1 to perform static calibration on the IMU module 4 includes: calculating the angular difference between the Z axis of the IMU module and the preset skew angle θ of the launch tube according to the measured values of the three-axis accelerometers of the IMU module 4 built in the electronic fuse in the static state inside the launch tube, and judging whether the error between the actual skew angle and the preset skew angle of the launch tube meets the requirements;

[0028] The numerical values A x 、A y 、A z of the static x, y, and z three-axis accelerations read by the IMU module 4 are used to calculate the actual skew angle θ' of the Z axis:

[0029]

[0030] When the angular difference between θ' and θ is less than or equal to the preset value, it is considered that the actual inclination angle of the launch tube meets the preset requirements;

[0031] When the angular difference between θ' and θ is greater than the preset value, it is considered that the actual inclination angle of the launch tube does not meet the preset requirements; then adjust the inclination angle of the launch tube, and repeat triggering the static calibration until the actual inclination angle of the launch tube meets the preset requirements.

[0032] Preferably, the calculation of the muzzle exit velocity v of the fireworks based on the length L of the launch tube, the ignition moment t1, and the muzzle exit moment t2 includes:

[0033]

[0034] Preferably, the detonation height H is estimated based on the launcher deflection angle θ, the detonation delay t, and the muzzle velocity v of the fireworks shell:

[0035]

[0036] Preferably, comparing the calculated detonation height H with the minimum detonation height h to determine whether it is a low detonation currently includes:

[0037] Comparing the estimated detonation height H and the minimum detonation height h, and when H < h * factor_h, it is determined as a low detonation; where factor_h is the minimum detonation height coefficient.

[0038] A fireworks shell according to the present invention uses the above-mentioned electronic fuse for controlling the launch of fireworks, and further includes: a fireworks shell body;

[0039] A cylindrical fuse slot is internally provided at the bottom of the fireworks shell body, and the fuse slot is used to install the electronic fuse for the fireworks unpacking charge with the function of calculating the muzzle initial velocity and terminating the detonation;

[0040] The top of the electronic fuse is the detonating powder and its protection conduit that wraps the patch bridge wire / firing resistor, and the bottom is a pluggable non-polar double-bus interface;

[0041] When installing the electronic fuse, insert the top of the electronic fuse into the fuse slot of the fireworks shell, and connect the bottom interface to the non-polar double-bus.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] 1. By changing the traditional lead ignition to electronic ignition, the present invention improves the safety of the fireworks shell during storage, transportation, and construction stages, and improves the control accuracy of the detonation time of the fireworks unpacking charge;

[0044] 2. By internally installing an IMU module and an algorithm to calculate the muzzle velocity of the fireworks shell and estimate the detonation height of the fireworks shell, and terminating the detonation of the unpacking charge when the detonation height is less than the minimum allowable height, the safety is improved;

[0045] 3. During the process of the propellant launching the fireworks shell into the air, based on the internally installed IMU module, the electronic fuse calculates the muzzle velocity of the fireworks shell, estimates the explosion height of the fireworks shell, and compares it with the preset data; when the detonation height is within the safe range, the electronic fuse detonates the unpacking charge through electronic ignition after a preset delay; when the data deviation indicates a low detonation risk for the detonation height, the firing function of the electronic fuse is locked to avoid or reduce the harm. Description of the Drawings

[0046] Other features, objectives, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0047] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an electronic fuse.

[0048] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the operation of the electronic fuse.

[0049] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the electronic fuse.

[0050] Among them, 1 - MCU; 2 - special electronic ignition chip; 3 - non-polar dual-bus interface; 4 - IMU module; 5 - energy storage capacitor; 6 - ignition switch; 7 - ignition capacitor; 8 - patch bridge wire / ignition resistor; 9 - safety switch. Specific Embodiments

[0051] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several changes and improvements can still be made. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0052] Embodiment 1

[0053] According to an electronic fuse for fireworks unpacking medicine provided by the present invention, which has the functions of calculating the muzzle initial velocity and terminating the initiation, as Figures 1 to 3 shown, it includes: MCU 1, special electronic ignition chip 2, non-polar dual-bus interface 3, IMU module 4, energy storage capacitor 5, ignition capacitor 7, patch bridge wire / ignition resistor 8, ignition switch 6, safety switch 9;

[0054] The MCU 1 is connected to the IMU module 4 through the IO pin; connected to the special electronic ignition chip 2 through the DIN pin; connected to the safety switch 9 through the LOCK pin.

[0055] The special electronic ignition chip 2 is connected to the MCU 1 through the DOUT pin; connected to the non-polar dual-bus interface 3 through the AB pin; the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor 5 is connected through the VDD pin, and the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor 5 is connected through the GND pin; the positive electrode of the ignition capacitor 7 is connected through the VCHG pin, and the negative electrode of the ignition capacitor 7 is connected through the GND pin; the safety switch 9 is connected through the VCHG pin; the ignition switch 6 is connected through the FIRE pin.

[0056] The non-polar dual-bus interface 3 is connected to the AB pin of the special electronic ignition chip 2.

[0057] The IMU module 4 is connected to the MCU1 through the IO pin. The energy storage capacitor 5 is connected to the VDD pin and the GND pin of the electronic ignition dedicated chip 2. One end of the ignition switch 6 is connected to the patch bridge wire / ignition resistor 8, one end is connected to the GND pin of the electronic ignition dedicated chip 2, and one end is connected to the FIRE pin of the electronic ignition dedicated chip 2. The ignition capacitor 7 is connected to the VCHG pin and the GND pin of the electronic ignition dedicated chip 2. One end of the patch bridge wire / ignition resistor 8 is connected to the safety switch 9, and one end is connected to the ignition switch 7. One end of the safety switch 9 is connected to the VCHG pin of the electronic ignition dedicated chip 2, one end is connected to the patch bridge wire / ignition resistor 8, and one end is connected to the LOCK pin of MCU1.

[0058] The MCU1 is used to obtain data transmitted by the IMU module 4, control the IMU module 4 to enter the working mode or the standby mode; and determine the discharge time based on the data transmitted by the IMU module 4; and is also used to control the safety switch 9 to open or close;

[0059] The IMU module 4 is used to obtain 6-axis data based on the IMU module 4; wherein the 6-axis data includes 3-axis acceleration data and 3-axis gyroscope data;

[0060] The electronic ignition dedicated chip 2 is used to receive instructions issued by the controller to the electronic fuse, and transmit the received instructions to the MCU1;

[0061] More specifically, the dedicated electronic ignition chip 2 draws energy and supplies power to various components within the electronic fuze via a non-polarity dual bus. It also receives and decodes differential signals from the controller via the non-polarity dual bus. It converts the differential signals from the non-polarity dual bus into single-ended signals and outputs them to the MCU 1 via the DOUT pin. It also provides feedback to the controller via the non-polarity dual bus. It controls charging and drawing power from the energy storage capacitor 5. It controls charging and controlling the voltage of the firing capacitor 7. It executes delay timer timing. It controls the opening and closing of the firing switch 6 via the FIRE pin. The dedicated electronic ignition chip 2 has a self-test function that can detect the on / off state of the chip bridge wire / firing resistor 8 and estimate the capacitance of the firing capacitor 7. The electronic ignition dedicated chip 2 has an ignition code verification function; specifically, the controller issues a "verify ignition code" instruction, sends the detonation code to the electronic ignition dedicated chip 2 for verification, and the chip replies with the verification result.

[0062] The energy storage capacitor 5 is charged when the electronic fuze is connected to the non-polarity dual bus; the energy storage capacitor supplies power to the electronic fuze after the electronic fuze is disconnected from the non-polarity dual bus.

[0063] The firing capacitor 7 is charged after the electronic fuse is connected to the non-polar double bus and receives a charging command; the firing capacitor discharges to heat the patch bridge wire / firing resistor at the end of the delay timing; the firing capacitor 7 can supply power to the electronic fuse during the delay timing stage.

[0064] The patch bridge wire / firing resistor 8 is heated when the firing capacitor discharges, detonating the ignition primer.

[0065] The firing switch 6 is controlled by the dedicated electronic firing chip 2FIRE PIN to open or close the firing channel.

[0066] The safety switch 9 is controlled by MCU LOCK PIN to open or close.

[0067] The non-polar double bus interface 3 is connected to the dedicated electronic firing chip A / B PIN for power taking and communication of the electronic fuse.

[0068] The controller communicates with the electronic fuse through the non-polar double bus. The controller issues commands to the electronic fuse by transmitting differential signals; the electronic fuse feeds back data to the controller by changing the bus current.

[0069] Before the non-polar double bus interface of the controller is connected or the non-polar double bus is not powered, there is no power supply inside the electronic fuse, and there is no possibility of firing during transportation, storage, and installation construction stages.

[0070] A method for implementing a fireworks unpacking charge electronic fuse with the functions of calculating muzzle initial velocity and terminating detonation according to the present invention includes:

[0071] Before launch, the double bus is connected to the controller. The controller supplies power to the electronic fuse through the low voltage of the non-polar double bus to charge the energy storage capacitor. At this time, the firing capacitor is not charged. The controller injects the preset initial velocity (v0), preset deflection angle (θ), minimum detonation height (h), and launch tube length (L) into the MCU through the non-polar differential signal, injects the detonation delay (t) into the dedicated electronic firing chip, and issues a command to let the MCU perform static calibration on the built-in IMU module.

[0072] Among them, static calibration refers to calculating the angular difference between the Z axis of the IMU module and the preset deflection angle θ of the launch tube according to the measured values of the three-axis accelerometers of the built-in IMU module of the electronic fuse in the static state inside the launch tube, so as to judge whether the error between the actual deflection angle and the preset deflection angle of the launch tube meets the requirements.

[0073] After the accelerometer of the built-in IMU module of the electronic fuse is rotated, the Z-axis is aligned with the axis of the electronic fuse cylinder, and the direction is from the bottom to the top of the electronic fuse. The rotation matrix parameters are calculated according to the PCB layout and solidified at the factory. The electronic fuse is installed in the fuse slot at the bottom of the fireworks shell, and the Z-axis of the accelerometer of the IMU module points in the same direction as from the bottom to the top of the fireworks shell. When the fireworks shell is loaded into the launch tube, it is required that the top is upward and the direction is basically the same as that of the launch tube. Therefore, the Z-axis of the accelerometer of the IMU module should be basically the same as the direction of the launch tube. During static calibration, the static x, y, and z-axis acceleration values A x 、A y 、A z read through the IMU module can be used to calculate the actual skew angle θ′ of the Z-axis:

[0074]

[0075] Compare θ' with the preset skew angle θ and make the following judgments:

[0076] If θ' is close to θ, it can be considered that the actual tilt angle of the launch tube meets the preset requirements;

[0077] If θ' differs greatly from θ, it is prompted that the tilt angle deviation is large. The operator needs to confirm the error between the actual tilt angle of the launch tube and the preset tilt angle and that the direction of the fireworks shell in the launch tube meets the requirements. If the requirements are not met, adjustments need to be made, and static calibration can be performed again if necessary.

[0078] During the preparation for launch, the controller charges the firing capacitor of the electronic fuse through a non-polarized double bus high voltage, issues a detonation command through the non-polarized double bus, the moment when the command is issued is synchronized with the ignition moment of the propellant, the electronic firing dedicated chip starts the delay timing, and the MCU starts to read the data of the IMU module.

[0079] After the propellant is ignited, it does work to push the fireworks shell to accelerate in the launch tube. When the MCU detects that the acceleration in any axis direction > 2g, it is recorded as the ignition moment t1, and when the acceleration in all axis directions < 2g, it is recorded as the muzzle exit moment t2. After t2, the MCU stops reading the data of the IMU module and starts to calculate the muzzle exit velocity of the fireworks shell. Considering that the acceleration measurement range of the IMU module is much smaller than the actual acceleration, the acceleration integration method cannot be used to calculate the muzzle exit velocity. Assuming that the fireworks shell accelerates uniformly in the launch tube, calculate the initial velocity v according to the launch tube length (L), ignition moment t1, and muzzle exit moment t2:

[0080]

[0081] Estimate the detonation height H according to the launch tube skew angle θ, detonation delay t, and initial velocity v:

[0082]

[0083] Compare the estimated initiation height H and the minimum initiation height h. When H < h * factor_h, it is judged as low explosion, where factor_h is the minimum initiation height coefficient, which can be set as a value between [0.8, 1] in engineering practice. In this case, the MCU disconnects the safety switch; in other cases, the MCU closes the safety switch.

[0084] The MCU then configures the IMU module and itself to enter the low-power standby mode to reduce the overall power consumption of the electronic fuse. The dedicated electronic ignition chip turns on the ignition switch when the preset delay is reached. At this time, if the safety switch is closed, the ignition capacitor discharges to heat the patch bridge wire / ignition resistor to detonate the primer head and then detonate the unpacking charge of the fireworks shell; if the safety switch is open, the ignition capacitor cannot discharge to heat the patch bridge wire / ignition resistor, and the unpacking charge cannot be detonated.

[0085] The present invention also provides a system for implementing an electronic fuse for unpacking charge of fireworks with the functions of calculating the muzzle velocity and terminating initiation. The system for implementing an electronic fuse for unpacking charge of fireworks with the functions of calculating the muzzle velocity and terminating initiation can be implemented by executing the process steps of the method for implementing an electronic fuse for unpacking charge of fireworks with the functions of calculating the muzzle velocity and terminating initiation. That is, those skilled in the art can understand the method for implementing an electronic fuse for unpacking charge of fireworks with the functions of calculating the muzzle velocity and terminating initiation as a preferred implementation manner of the system for implementing an electronic fuse for unpacking charge of fireworks with the functions of calculating the muzzle velocity and terminating initiation.

[0086] A fireworks shell according to the present invention includes:

[0087] A cylindrical fuse slot is built into the bottom of the fireworks shell. The fuse is cylindrical in shape, with a primer containing a patch bridge wire / ignition resistor and its protective conduit at the top, and a plug-in non-polar double-bus interface at the bottom. Other components are built into the cylinder. When installing the electronic fuse, insert the top of the fuse into the fuse slot of the fireworks shell, and connect the bottom interface to the non-polar double bus.

[0088] When installing the fireworks shell in the launch barrel, connect the non-polar double-bus interface 3 of the electronic fuse to one end of the double bus, and short-circuit the other end of the double bus after leading it out of the barrel. There is no power supply inside the electronic fuse, and there is no possibility of ignition.

[0089] Those skilled in the art know that in addition to implementing the systems, devices, and their respective modules provided by the present invention in the form of pure computer-readable program code, it is entirely possible to make the systems, devices, and their respective modules provided by the present invention be implemented in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers, etc. by logically programming the method steps. Therefore, the systems, devices, and their respective modules provided by the present invention can be considered as a kind of hardware component, and the modules included therein for implementing various programs can also be regarded as the structures within the hardware component; the modules for implementing various functions can also be regarded as either software programs for implementing the methods or the structures within the hardware component.

[0090] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims

1. An electronic fuse for controlling the launch of fireworks, characterized in that, Including: MCU (1), dedicated electronic ignition chip (2), non-polar dual-bus interface (3), IMU module (4), energy storage capacitor (5), ignition switch (6), ignition capacitor (7), patch bridge wire / ignition resistor (8), safety switch (9); The MCU (1) is connected to the IO pins of the IMU module (4) through its IO pins; the MCU (1) is connected to the DOUT pin of the dedicated electronic ignition chip (2) through its DIN pin; the MCU (1) is connected to the first port of the safety switch (9) through its LOCK pin; The dedicated electronic ignition chip (2) is connected to the non-polar dual-bus interface (3) through its AB pins; is connected to the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor (5) through its VDD pin and to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor (5) through its GND pin; is connected to the positive electrode of the ignition capacitor (7) through its VCHG pin and to the negative electrode of the ignition capacitor (7) through its GND pin; is connected to the second port of the safety switch (9) through its VCHG pin; is connected to the first port of the ignition switch (6) through its FIRE pin; is connected to the second port of the ignition switch (6) through its GND pin; the third port of the ignition switch (6) is connected to one end of the patch bridge wire / ignition resistor (8); the other end of the patch bridge wire / ignition resistor (8) is connected to the third port of the safety switch (9).

2. The electronic fuse for controlling the launch of fireworks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MCU (1) is used to obtain the data transmitted by the IMU module (4) and determine the muzzle exit moment based on the data transmitted by the IMU module (4); and is also used to control the safety switch (9); The dedicated electronic ignition chip (2) is used to receive the instructions sent by the controller to the electronic fuze and transmit the received instructions to the MCU (1); and is also used to control the ignition switch (6); The non-polar dual-bus interface (3) is used for energy extraction and communication of the electronic fuze; The IMU module (4) is used to obtain 6-axis data based on the IMU module (4); among them, the 6-axis data includes 3-axis acceleration data and 3-axis gyroscope data; The energy storage capacitor (5) is used to charge when the electronic fuze is connected to the non-polar dual-bus and supply power to the electronic fuze after the electronic fuze disconnects from the non-polar dual-bus connection; The ignition switch (6) is used to control the opening or closing of the ignition channel; The ignition capacitor (7) is used to discharge and heat the patch bridge wire / ignition resistor at the end of the delay timing; and is also used to supply power to the electronic fuze during the countdown stage; The patch bridge wire / ignition resistor (8) is used to be heated by the discharge of the ignition capacitor (7) to detonate the ignition charge; The safety switch (9) is used to control the opening or closing of the safety channel.

3. The electronic fuse for controlling the launch of fireworks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller is connected to the dedicated electronic ignition chip (2); The controller is connected to the dedicated electronic ignition chip (2), including: the controller is connected to the non-polar dual-bus interface (3) in the dedicated electronic ignition chip (2) through the non-polar dual-bus.

4. The electronic fuse for controlling the launch of fireworks according to claim 3, characterized in that, The controller communicates with the electronic fuze that controls the fireworks launch through the non-polar dual-bus; The controller issues commands to the electronic fuse for controlling the fireworks launch by transmitting differential signals; the electronic fuse for controlling the fireworks launch feeds back data to the controller by changing the bus current.

5. An implementation method of an electronic fuse for controlling the launch of fireworks, characterized in that, The following steps are implemented by using the electronic fuse for controlling the fireworks launch according to any one of claims 1 to 4: Step S1: Before launch, the controller charges the energy storage capacitor (5) in the electronic fuse at low voltage through a non-polar double bus connected to the non-polar double bus interface (3), and injects the preset initial velocity v, preset deflection angle θ, minimum initiation height h, and launch tube length L into the MCU (1) through a non-polar differential signal; injects the initiation delay t into the dedicated electronic ignition chip (2), and issues a command to enable the MCU (1) to perform static calibration on the IMU module (4). Step S2: In the preparation for launch stage, the controller charges the firing capacitor (7) in the electronic fuse at high voltage through a non-polar double bus connected to the non-polar double bus interface (3), and issues an initiation command, and ensures that the moment when the command is issued is synchronized with the ignition moment of the propellant through the fireworks electronic ignition system, triggers the dedicated electronic ignition chip (2) to start the delay timing, and synchronously triggers the MCU (1) to start acquiring data of the IMU module (4). Step S3: After the propellant is ignited, detect the acceleration in all axis directions based on the data of the IMU module (4) acquired by the MCU (1). When the acceleration in any axis direction is greater than the preset value, record the current moment as the ignition moment t1. When the acceleration in all axis directions is less than the preset value, record the current moment as the muzzle exit moment t2. After the muzzle exit moment t2, the MCU (1) stops acquiring data of the IMU module (4); calculate the muzzle exit velocity v of the fireworks based on the launch tube length L, ignition moment t1, and muzzle exit moment t2; estimate the initiation height H based on the launch tube deflection angle θ, initiation delay t, and muzzle exit velocity v of the fireworks; compare the calculated initiation height H with the minimum initiation height h to determine whether the current is a low explosion; when it is determined that the current is a low explosion, the MCU (1) controls the safety switch (9) to open; otherwise, the MCU (1) controls the safety switch (9) to close. Step S4: When the dedicated electronic ignition chip (2) reaches the preset delay, trigger the firing switch (6) to open. If the current safety switch (9) is closed, the firing capacitor (7) discharges to heat the patch bridge wire / firing resistor (8) to detonate the primer head, and then detonate the unpacking charge of the fireworks shell; if the current safety switch (9) is open, the firing capacitor (7) cannot discharge to heat the patch bridge wire / firing resistor (8) to detonate the primer head, and thus cannot detonate the unpacking charge of the fireworks shell.

6. The method for implementing an electronic fuse for controlling the launch of fireworks according to claim 5, characterized in that, The issuing of the command to enable the MCU (1) to perform static calibration on the IMU module (4) includes: calculating the angular difference between the Z axis of the IMU module and the preset deflection angle θ of the launch tube according to the measured values of the triaxial accelerometers of the IMU module (4) built in the electronic fuse in the static state inside the launch tube, and judging whether the error between the actual deflection angle and the preset deflection angle of the launch tube meets the requirements according to the angular difference. The values A of the static x, y, and z-axis accelerations read by the IMU module (4) x , A y , A z Calculate the actual skew angle θ' of the Z axis: When the angular difference between θ′ and θ is less than or equal to the preset value, it is considered that the actual inclination angle of the launch tube meets the preset requirements. When the angular difference between θ′ and θ is greater than the preset value, it is considered that the actual inclination angle of the launcher does not meet the preset requirements; then the inclination angle of the launcher is adjusted, and the static calibration is triggered repeatedly until the actual inclination angle of the launcher meets the preset requirements.

7. The method for implementing an electronic fuse for controlling the launch of fireworks according to claim 5, characterized in that, The calculation of the muzzle velocity v of the fireworks based on the launcher length L, the ignition time t1, and the muzzle time t2 includes:

8. The method for implementing an electronic fuse for controlling the launch of fireworks according to claim 5, characterized in that, The estimation of the detonation height H based on the launcher deflection angle θ, the detonation delay t, and the muzzle velocity v of the fireworks:

9. The method for implementing an electronic fuse for controlling the launch of fireworks according to claim 5, characterized in that, The comparison of the calculated detonation height H with the minimum detonation height h to determine whether it is a low explosion currently includes: Comparing the estimated detonation height H and the minimum detonation height h, when H < h * factor_h, it is judged as a low explosion; where factor_h is the minimum detonation height coefficient.

10. A fireworks shell, characterized in that, The electronic fuse for controlling the fireworks launch according to any one of claims 1 to 4 further includes: a firework shell body; A cylindrical fuse slot is internally provided at the bottom of the firework shell body, and the fuse slot is used to install the electronic fuse for controlling the fireworks launch; The top of the electronic fuse is a detonating charge and its protection conduit that wraps the patch bridge wire / ignition resistor, and the bottom is a pluggable non-polar double-bus interface; When installing the electronic fuse, insert the top of the electronic fuse into the fuse slot of the firework shell, and connect the bottom interface to the non-polar double bus.

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