Deformation measuring device and deformation measuring method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of manufacturing deformation measurement, and discloses a deformation measuring device and a deformation measuring method.The deformation measuring device comprises a mounting base and a measuring assembly, the mounting base is suitable for being detachably arranged in the center of the inner surface of an end socket, and the measuring assembly comprises a guide column and a measuring piece; the guide column extends along the height of the cylinder, the lower end of the guide column is connected with the mounting seat, and the measuring part is arranged on the guide column, can move in the axial direction and / or the circumferential direction of the guide column and is used for measuring deformation of the arc-shaped plate after welding. According to the deformation measuring device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the mounting seat and the measuring assembly are arranged, so that measurement can be carried out in the manufacturing process of the pressure vessel, and large size deformation of the pressure vessel after manufacturing is completed is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of manufacturing deformation measurement, and particularly to a deformation measurement device and a deformation measurement method. Background Art

[0002] Pressure vessels are core pressure-bearing components in petroleum, chemical, and energy devices. Their material properties and manufacturing processes directly determine the safety, durability, and economy of the devices. Stainless steel materials have become the mainstream manufacturing materials for pressure vessels due to their excellent corrosion resistance, high-temperature stability, and mechanical properties. Taking the pressure vessel of a nuclear fusion device as an example, the pressure vessel mainly consists of a cylinder body and a head. The diameter and height of the cylinder body are very large, reaching more than 10 meters, making the manufacturing process face huge challenges.

[0003] In the welding manufacturing process of related pressure vessels, effective measurement and control are not carried out, resulting in extremely large welding deformation of the cylinder body. For example, problems such as out-of-roundness exceeding the standard and straightness exceeding the standard occur, seriously affecting the performance of the pressure vessel. Therefore, there is room for improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, an object of the present invention is to provide a deformation measurement device that can be used for measurement during the manufacturing process of a pressure vessel, so that subsequent welding can be guided based on the measurement results, and large-size deformation of the pressure vessel after manufacturing can be avoided.

[0005] The present invention also provides a deformation measurement method.

[0006] The deformation measurement device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is used for the pressure vessel of a nuclear fusion device. The pressure vessel includes a head and a cylinder body. The cylinder body includes a plurality of arc-shaped plates arranged circumferentially around the head, and adjacent two arc-shaped plates are welded to each other, and the arc-shaped plate is welded to the head.

[0007] The deformation measurement device includes a mounting seat and a measurement assembly. The mounting seat is adapted to be detachably disposed at the center of the inner surface of the head. The measurement assembly includes a guide post and a measuring member. The guide post extends along the height of the cylinder body and its lower end is connected to the mounting seat. The measuring member is disposed on the guide post and is movable in the axial direction and / or circumferential direction of the guide post for measuring the deformation amount of the arc-shaped plate after welding.

[0008] According to the deformation measurement device of the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the deformation measurement device to include a mounting seat and a measurement assembly and setting the deformation measurement device on the head, measurement can be carried out during the manufacturing process of the pressure vessel, and large-size deformation of the pressure vessel after manufacturing can be avoided.

[0009] In some embodiments, the measuring member includes a mounting rod and a measuring body. The mounting rod extends radially along the guiding column, and one axial end thereof is movably disposed on the guiding column. The measuring body is disposed on the mounting rod and moves together with the mounting rod. The measuring body is used to measure the deformation amount of the arc-shaped plate.

[0010] In some specific embodiments, the mounting rod defines a mounting cavity extending along its axial direction. The measuring body is movable between a first position and a second position along the axial direction of the mounting rod. In the first position, the measuring body is received in the mounting cavity. In the second position, a part of the measuring body protrudes out of the mounting cavity.

[0011] In some specific embodiments, the mounting rod is a telescopic rod.

[0012] In some examples, the measuring assembly further includes a sliding member. The sliding member is sleeved on the guiding column and is movable in the axial direction and / or circumferential direction of the guiding column. The measuring member is disposed on the guiding column through the sliding member to move together with the sliding member.

[0013] In some specific examples, the guiding column is provided with a plurality of first positioning portions. The plurality of first positioning portions are arranged axially on the guiding column. The sliding member is provided with a second positioning portion. The plurality of first positioning portions are selectively connected to the second positioning portion through a positioning member.

[0014] In some examples, the first positioning portion is a first positioning hole. The number of the second positioning portions is multiple. The second positioning portions are second positioning holes. The plurality of second positioning holes are selectively connected to any one of the first positioning holes through the positioning member.

[0015] In some embodiments, the number of the measuring members is multiple. The multiple measuring members are arranged circumferentially on the sliding member. In a plane perpendicular to the guiding column, the included angle between the projections of two adjacent second positioning holes in the plane and the projection of the axis of the guiding column in the plane is a first included angle. The included angle between the projections of two adjacent measuring members in the plane is a second included angle. The first included angle is smaller than the second included angle.

[0016] In some alternative embodiments, the first positioning portion is a first positioning hole. The second positioning portion is an annular positioning groove. The positioning member is detachably disposed at the first positioning hole and is slidable along the extending direction of the annular positioning groove.

[0017] In some specific embodiments, the number of the measuring members is multiple. The multiple measuring members are arranged circumferentially on the guiding column.

[0018] According to the deformation measurement method of the second aspect embodiment of the present invention, during the welding process of the pressure vessel of the nuclear fusion device, the deformation measurement device described in any of the above embodiments is used for deformation measurement. The deformation measurement method includes the following steps: When installing each of the arc-shaped plates on the head in a preset order, measure the distance between each arc-shaped plate and the center of the guiding column respectively until rough positioning of the plurality of arc-shaped plates on the head is completed; Weld the plurality of arc-shaped plates in batches. After each welding of the plurality of arc-shaped plates, measure the deformation amount of the plurality of arc-shaped plates, and according to the measurement result, adjust the welding parameters and / or welding sequence for the next welding of the plurality of arc-shaped plates.

[0019] According to the deformation measurement method of the embodiment of the present invention, during multiple welding processes of the cylinder body, the deformation measurement device is used for multiple deformation measurements. The subsequent welding parameters and / or welding sequence can be adjusted through the measurement results, so that the welding deformation during the welding of the pressure vessel is controllable, and the pressure vessel can meet the high-precision requirements.

[0020] In some embodiments, the weld seam between two adjacent arc-shaped plates includes a plurality of welding parts, and the plurality of welding parts are arranged axially on the cylinder body. Define the welding part close to the head as the first welding part formed; After each welding of the plurality of arc-shaped plates, measuring the deformation amount of the plurality of arc-shaped plates includes: Weld the plurality of arc-shaped plates for the first time to form the first welding part between any two adjacent arc-shaped plates, and measure the deformation amount of the plurality of arc-shaped plates when forming the first welding part; Weld the plurality of arc-shaped plates for the second time to form the second welding part between any two adjacent arc-shaped plates, and measure the deformation amount of the plurality of arc-shaped plates when forming the second welding part until welding is completed.

[0021] In some specific embodiments, before welding the plurality of arc-shaped plates in batches, it includes welding the head and the plurality of arc-shaped plates; The deformation measurement method further includes the following steps: After welding the head and the plurality of arc-shaped plates, measure the deformation amount of the plurality of arc-shaped plates; According to the measurement result, adjust the welding parameters and / or welding sequence when welding the plurality of arc-shaped plates.

[0022] The additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partially given in the following description, partially become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and be readily understood from the following description of embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, where: Figure 1 is a schematic installation diagram of a deformation measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention inside a pressure vessel; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a deformation measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is Figure 2 an enlarged view of part A shown in Figure 4 is Figure 2 an enlarged view of part B shown in Figure 5 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of the arc plate of the pressure vessel shown in Figure 6 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of the head of the pressure vessel shown in Figure 7 is Figure 6 an enlarged view of part C shown in Figure 8 is Figure 6 an enlarged view of part D shown in Figure 9 is a flowchart of a deformation measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Reference numerals: Pressure vessel 100; head 10; target seat 11; fastening clamp 12; cylinder body 20; arc plate 21; weld 22; Deformation measurement device 300; mounting seat 40; connection hole 41; measurement assembly 50; guide post 51; first positioning portion 511; first positioning hole 5111; measuring member 52; mounting rod 521; mounting cavity 521a; measuring body 522; sliding member 53; second positioning portion 531; second positioning hole 5311; positioning member 54; bottom plate 60; First included angle a1; second included angle a2. Detailed description of the specific implementation

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0026] Reference will be made below to Figures 1 - 8 describe the deformation measurement device 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 , the deformation measurement device 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention is used for the pressure vessel 100 of a nuclear fusion device. The pressure vessel 100 includes a head 10 and a cylinder 20. The cylinder 20 includes a plurality of arc-shaped plates 21. The plurality of arc-shaped plates 21 are arranged circumferentially around the head 10, and are welded to each other between adjacent two arc-shaped plates 21 and between the arc-shaped plate 21 and the head 10.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the deformation measurement device 300 includes a mounting seat 40 and a measurement assembly 50. The mounting seat 40 is adapted to be detachably disposed at the center of the inner surface of the head 10.

[0029] The measurement assembly 50 includes a guide post 51 and a measuring member 52. The guide post 51 extends along the height of the cylinder 20, and the lower end of the guide post 51 is connected to the mounting seat 40. The measuring member 52 is disposed on the guide post 51, and the measuring member 52 can be movable in the axial direction and / or circumferential direction of the guide post 51. The measuring member 52 is used to measure the deformation amount of the arc-shaped plate 21 after welding.

[0030] For example, after the plurality of arc-shaped plates 21 are roughly positioned on the head 10, the plurality of arc-shaped plates 21 can be welded in batches. After each welding of the plurality of arc-shaped plates 21, the deformation amount of the plurality of arc-shaped plates 21 can be measured by using the measuring member 52, and according to the measurement result, the welding parameters and / or welding sequence of the next welding of the plurality of arc-shaped plates 21 can be adjusted.

[0031] Wherein, the measuring member 52 can directly measure the distances between the central axis of the guide post 51 and different positions of the arc-shaped plate 21. After analysis, the deformation amount of the arc-shaped plate 21 after welding can be obtained. Of course, the measuring member 52 can also measure the cylindricity or other parameters of different positions of the arc-shaped plate 21 to obtain the deformation amount of the arc-shaped plate 21 after welding.

[0032] Taking the example that the measuring member 52 can directly measure the distances between the central axis of the guide post 51 and different positions of the arc-shaped plate 21 for illustration.

[0033] If the measuring member 52 is movable in the axial direction of the guide post 51, after the adjacent two arc-shaped plates 21 are welded in batches, the position of the measuring member 52 in the axial direction of the guide post 51 can be changed, and the measuring member 52 is used to measure the distance between the corresponding position of the arc-shaped plate 21 and the central axis of the guide post 51, so as to obtain the deformation amount of the arc-shaped plate 21 after this welding, and further, the adjustment of the subsequent welding parameters and / or sequence can be guided according to the measurement result.

[0034] If the measuring member 52 is movable in the circumferential direction of the guide post 51, after the adjacent two arc-shaped plates 21 are welded in batches, the position of the measuring member 52 in the circumferential direction of the guide post 51 can be changed, and the distance between the corresponding position of the arc-shaped plate 21 and the central axis of the guide post 51 is measured by the measuring member 52, so as to obtain the deformation amount of the arc-shaped plate 21 after this welding, and then the adjustment of the subsequent welding parameters and / or sequence can be guided according to the measurement result.

[0035] That is to say, if the measuring member 52 is movable in the axial direction of the guide post 51, it is convenient to measure the deformation amount of the arc-shaped plate 21 after welding in the axial direction. If the measuring member 52 can move in the circumferential direction of the guide post 51, it is convenient to measure the deformation amount of the arc-shaped plate 21 after welding in the circumferential direction. If the measuring member 52 is movable in the axial and circumferential directions of the guide post 51, it is convenient to measure the deformation amount of the arc-shaped plate 21 after welding in the axial and circumferential directions, so that the adjustment of the subsequent welding parameters and / or sequence can be guided according to the measurement result.

[0036] Therefore, according to the deformation measurement device 300 of the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the deformation measurement device 300 to include a mounting seat 40 and a measurement assembly 50, and setting the deformation measurement device 300 on the head 10, measurement can be performed during the manufacturing process of the pressure vessel 100, avoiding large dimensional deformation of the pressure vessel 100 after manufacturing.

[0037] Refer to Figure 4 , in some embodiments, the measuring member 52 includes a mounting rod 521 and a measurement body 522. The mounting rod 521 extends along the radial direction of the guide post 51. One axial end of the mounting rod 521 is movably arranged on the guide post 51. The measurement body 522 is arranged on the mounting rod 521 and moves together with the mounting rod 521. The measurement body 522 is used to measure the deformation amount of the arc-shaped plate 21.

[0038] Specifically, the mounting rod 521 extends along the radial direction of the guide post 51. The length of the mounting rod 521 is less than the distance from the center of the inner surface of the head 10 to the edge of the head 10, and one axial end of the mounting rod 521 is movably arranged on the guide post 51, so that the measurement body 522 can be driven to move, and the measurement body 522 can measure different positions of the arc-shaped plate 21.

[0039] Exemplarily, the measurement body 522 is a structure with a conical measuring head. The end of the measurement body 522 away from the mounting rod 521 is a conical end. Such a design can reduce the contact area between the measurement body 522 and the cylinder 20, make the measurement result more accurate, and increase the measurement accuracy of the deformation measurement device 300.

[0040] The measurement basis of the measurement body 522 can be the horizontal distance from the arc-shaped plate 21 of the cylinder body 20 to the center of the inner surface of the head 10. Accordingly, a scale can be provided on the measurement body 522. The measurement basis of the measurement body 522 can also be data such as the cylindricity and surface curvature of the cylinder body 20. Accordingly, the measurement body 522 can be a measuring head capable of measuring cylindricity or surface curvature. Through the measurement data obtained by the measurement body 522, the measurement personnel can obtain the deformation amount of the arc-shaped plate 21.

[0041] In the above technical solution, the mounting rod 521 can provide a mounting carrier for the measurement body 522. Since the structure of the mounting rod 521 is simple, it can not only reduce the production cost, but also reduce the occupied space and will not affect the arrangement of other structures in the pressure vessel 100.

[0042] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , in some specific embodiments, the mounting rod 521 defines a mounting cavity 521a extending along its axial direction. The measurement body 522 is movable along the axial direction of the mounting rod 521 between a first position and a second position. In the first position, the measurement body 522 is received in the mounting cavity 521a. In the second position, a part of the measurement body 522 extends out of the mounting cavity 521a.

[0043] Wherein, the first position refers to the position when the measurement body 522 is entirely located in the mounting cavity 521a, and the second position refers to the position when the length of the measurement body 522 extending out of the mounting cavity 521a is the maximum length.

[0044] Specifically, before or after measurement, the measurement body 522 can be moved to the first position. At this time, the measurement body 522 is received in the mounting cavity 521a, which can better protect the measurement body 522 and avoid affecting its measurement function due to the measurement body 522 being knocked by the outside world, and to a large extent ensures the reliability of the deformation measurement device 300. During measurement, the measurement body 522 can adjust the length of the measurement body 522 extending out of the mounting cavity 521a according to the actual situation, so that the measurement body 522 can abut against the inner surface of the arc-shaped plate 21, thereby measuring the deformation amount of the arc-shaped plate 21.

[0045] Therefore, in the above technical solution, by using the mounting rod 521 to define the mounting cavity 521a, the measurement body 522 can move between the first position and the second position along the axial direction of the mounting rod 521 according to the measurement requirements, so as to smoothly complete the measurement work. Moreover, such a design not only makes the structure of the measurement assembly 50 relatively simple, but also reduces the operation difficulty and is convenient for the measurement personnel to perform measurement operations.

[0046] In some specific embodiments, the mounting rod 521 is a telescopic rod. With this arrangement, the mounting rod 521 can freely expand and contract along its axial direction, which not only improves the convenience of the deformation measuring device 300, but also provides a certain protection for the measuring assembly 50 after the measurement is completed, avoiding its long length and thus causing bumps, which may affect the measurement accuracy of the measuring assembly 50.

[0047] Referring to Figure 2 , in some examples, the measuring assembly 50 further includes a sliding member 53. The sliding member 53 is sleeved on the guiding column 51, and the sliding member 53 is movable in the axial direction and / or circumferential direction of the guiding column 51. The measuring member 52 is disposed on the guiding column 51 through the sliding member 53 to move together with the sliding member 53.

[0048] Exemplarily, the sliding member 53 is movable in the axial direction of the guiding column 51, so as to drive the measuring member 52 to move in the axial direction of the guiding column 51, making it convenient for the measuring member 52 to measure the deformation amount after the arc-shaped plate 21 is welded in the axial direction of the guiding column 51.

[0049] Exemplarily, the sliding member 53 is movable in the circumferential direction of the guiding column 51, so as to drive the measuring member 52 to move in the circumferential direction of the guiding column 51, making it convenient for the measuring member 52 to measure the deformation amount after the arc-shaped plate 21 is welded in the circumferential direction of the guiding column 51.

[0050] In the embodiment where the measuring member 52 includes a mounting rod 521 and a measuring body 522, one end of the mounting rod 521 is connected to the sliding member 53, and the other end of the mounting rod 521 is matched with the measuring body 522. When the sliding member 53 moves on the guiding column 51, it can drive the mounting rod 521 to move, and the mounting rod 521 drives the measuring body 522 to move, thereby changing the relative position between the measuring body 522 and the arc-shaped plate 21. The deformation amount at different positions of the arc-shaped plate 21 can be measured by using the measuring body 522.

[0051] In the above technical solution, by setting the measuring assembly 50 to include the sliding member 53 and sleeving the sliding member 53 on the guiding column 51, on the one hand, the sliding member 53 can provide an installation carrier for the measuring member 52, reducing the installation difficulty of the measuring member 52 on the guiding column 51. On the other hand, by the cooperation between the sliding member 53 and the guiding column 51, the measuring member 52 can be guided to move by the guiding column 51, improving the movement reliability of the measuring member 52, and thus improving the measurement accuracy.

[0052] Referring again to Figure 2 , in some specific examples, the guiding column 51 is provided with a plurality of first positioning portions 511, the plurality of first positioning portions 511 are arranged in the axial direction of the guiding column 51, the sliding member 53 is provided with a second positioning portion 531, and the plurality of first positioning portions 511 are selectively connected to the second positioning portion 531 through the positioning member 54.

[0053] For example, after the rough positioning of multiple arc-shaped plates 21 on the head 10 is completed, the multiple arc-shaped plates 21 can be welded in multiple times from bottom to top. After the first welding of the lower parts of the multiple arc-shaped plates 21 is completed, the sliding member 53 can be moved to a position closer to the lower part of the guide post 51, and the positioning member 54 is used to connect the first positioning portion 511 at the lowermost part of the guide post 51 and the second positioning portion 531 of the sliding member 53 to complete one measurement; then the sliding member 53 is moved upward along the axial direction of the guide post 51 to the middle part of the guide post 51, and the positioning member 54 is used to connect the first positioning portion 511 in the middle of the guide post 51 and the second positioning portion 531 of the sliding member 53 to complete one measurement; finally, the sliding member 53 is moved upward along the axial direction of the guide post 51 to a position closer to the upper part of the guide post 51, and the positioning member 54 is used to connect the first positioning portion 511 at the uppermost part of the guide post 51 and the second positioning portion 531 of the sliding member 53 to complete one measurement. Based on the measurement results after this welding, the deformation situation of the arc-shaped plate 21 after this welding can be analyzed, so that the welding parameters and / or the adjustment of the welding sequence of the second welding can be guided according to the specific deformation situation, and so on until the welding is completed.

[0054] Of course, after the first welding of the lower parts of the multiple arc-shaped plates 21 is completed, the sliding member 53 can also be fixed at a position closer to the upper part of the guide post 51 to complete one measurement first; then the sliding member 53 is fixed in the middle of the guide post 51 to complete one measurement; finally, the sliding member 53 is fixed at a position closer to the lower part of the guide post 51 to complete one measurement. The measurement sequence after each welding can be selected as needed and is not limited here.

[0055] Thus, by providing multiple first positioning portions 511 on the guide post 51 and a second positioning portion 531 on the sliding member 53, the sliding member 53 can be fixed at different positions on the axial direction of the guide post 51, and the measurement of the arc-shaped plate 21 at different height positions can be realized, which is convenient for the measurement personnel to understand the deformation situation of the arc-shaped plate 21 at different heights.

[0056] In some examples, continue to refer to Figure 2 , and further refer to Figure 4 , the first positioning portion 511 is a first positioning hole 5111, the number of the second positioning portions 531 is multiple, the second positioning portion 531 is a second positioning hole 5311, and multiple second positioning holes 5311 are selectively connected to any one of the first positioning holes 5111 through the positioning member 54.

[0057] Among them, the first positioning portion 511 may include one first positioning hole 5111, the second positioning portion 531 may include one second positioning hole 5311, and when the sliding member 53 is fixed each time, one positioning member 54 is used to connect the first positioning hole 5111 and the second positioning hole 5311 at the corresponding position.

[0058] Alternatively, the first positioning portion 511 may include two first positioning holes 5111, and the second positioning portion 531 includes two second positioning holes 5311. Each time the sliding member 53 is fixed, two positioning members 54 are used to connect the two first positioning holes 5111 and the two second positioning holes 5311 at the corresponding positions. Of course, the number of positioning holes of the first positioning portion 511 and the second positioning portion 531 may both be more than two.

[0059] As Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, after the plurality of arc-shaped plates 21 are roughly positioned on the head 10, the plurality of arc-shaped plates 21 can be welded in batches from bottom to top.

[0060] After the first welding is completed on the lower portions of the plurality of arc-shaped plates 21, first, the sliding member 53 can be moved to a position close to the lower part of the guide post 51, and two positioning members 54 are used to connect the two lowermost first positioning holes 5111 of the guide post 51 and the two second positioning portions 531 of the sliding member 53 to complete one measurement; then the sliding member 53 is rotated, and two positioning members 54 are used to connect the two lowermost first positioning holes 5111 of the guide post 51 and the other two second positioning holes 5311 of the sliding member 53 to complete one measurement; until the sliding member 53 rotates one week.

[0061] Secondly, the sliding member 53 can be moved upward along the axial direction of the guide post 51 to the middle of the guide post 51, and two positioning members 54 are used to connect the two first positioning holes 5111 in the middle of the guide post 51 and the two second positioning holes 5311 of the sliding member 53 to complete one measurement; then the sliding member 53 is rotated, and two positioning members 54 are used to connect the two first positioning holes 5111 in the middle of the guide post 51 and the other two second positioning holes 5311 of the sliding member 53 to complete one measurement; until the sliding member 53 rotates one week.

[0062] Finally, the sliding member 53 can be moved upward along the axial direction of the guide post 51 to a position close to the upper part of the guide post 51, and two positioning members 54 are used to connect the two uppermost first positioning holes 5111 of the guide post 51 and the two second positioning holes 5311 of the sliding member 53 to complete one measurement; then the sliding member 53 is rotated, and two positioning members 54 are used to connect the two uppermost first positioning holes 5111 of the guide post 51 and the other two second positioning holes 5311 of the sliding member 53 to complete one measurement; until the sliding member 53 rotates one week.

[0063] In the above technical solution, by providing a plurality of first positioning portions 511 on the guide post 51 and a plurality of second positioning portions 531 on the sliding member 53, the sliding member 53 can be fixed at different positions in the axial direction of the guide post 51, thereby enabling measurement of the arc-shaped plate 21 at different height positions. Also, the sliding member 53 can be fixed at different positions in the circumferential direction of the guide post 51, enabling measurement of different positions of the arc-shaped plate 21 at the same height. Thus, measurement of the arc-shaped plate 21 at different height positions and different circumferential positions can be achieved. Based on the results of multiple measurements, the deformation condition of the arc-shaped plate 21 after welding can be analyzed, and accordingly, the welding parameters and / or the adjustment of the welding sequence for the next welding can be guided according to the specific deformation condition.

[0064] Referring to Figure 2 , in some embodiments, the number of the measuring members 52 is multiple, and the multiple measuring members 52 are arranged circumferentially on the sliding member 53. In a plane perpendicular to the guide post 51, the included angle between the projection of the connection line between the axes of two adjacent second positioning holes 5311 in the plane and the projection of the axis of the guide post 51 in the plane is a first included angle a1, and the included angle between the projections of two adjacent measuring members 52 in the plane is a second included angle a2, and the first included angle a1 is less than the second included angle a2.

[0065] Thus, by providing a plurality of measuring members 52 and arranging the plurality of measuring members 52 circumferentially on the sliding member 53, during one measurement process, the arc-shaped plate 21 at multiple positions can be measured simultaneously by using the multiple measuring members 52, greatly improving the measurement efficiency.

[0066] In addition, by defining that the first included angle a1 is less than the second included angle a2, when the sliding member 53 rotates by a1, the measurement points of the measuring member 52 after rotation along with the sliding member 53 will not be the same as those before rotation. In this way, the measuring member 52 can measure different positions of the arc-shaped plate 21 in the circumferential direction, that is, the measuring member 52 can measure new points on the arc-shaped plate 21, greatly improving the practicability of the deformation measuring device 300.

[0067] In some alternative embodiments, the first positioning portion 511 is a first positioning hole 5111, the second positioning portion 531 is an annular positioning groove (not shown in the figure), the positioning member 54 is detachably disposed at the first positioning hole 5111, and the positioning member 54 is slidable along the extending direction of the annular positioning groove.

[0068] Specifically, after the first welding of the lower parts of multiple arc-shaped plates 21 is completed, the sliding member 53 can be moved to a position below the guiding column 51. By cooperating the positioning member 54 with the annular positioning groove of the sliding member 53, the sliding member 53 can rotate at any angle along the extending direction of the annular positioning groove, enabling the measuring member 52 to measure different points on the arc-shaped plate 21 at the same height or continuously measure the same height position of the arc-shaped plate 21. This continues until the measurement of different height positions of the arc-shaped plate 21 is completed.

[0069] Thus, by setting the second positioning portion 531 as an annular positioning groove, on the one hand, the measuring member 52 can measure different points on the arc-shaped plate 21 at the same height or continuously measure. On the other hand, during the measurement at the same height, the number of times of fixing the sliding member 53 can be reduced, improving the convenience of operation and thus enhancing the measurement efficiency.

[0070] Refer to Figure 2 , in some specific embodiments, the number of measuring members 52 is multiple, and the multiple measuring members 52 are arranged circumferentially around the guiding column 51. By arranging the multiple measuring members 52 circumferentially around the guiding column 51, when the measuring members 52 measure axially or circumferentially, the multiple measuring members 52 can simultaneously measure the points of multiple arc-shaped plates 21, facilitating a quick understanding of the overall deformation of the cylinder body 20.

[0071] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the cylinder body 20 is mainly composed of multiple arc-shaped plates 21, and the multiple arc-shaped plates 21 are arranged circumferentially along the head 10. An outer single-bevel groove structure (not shown in the figure) is adopted between the head 10 and the arc-shaped plate 21, and a double-sided symmetric bevel groove structure (not shown in the figure) is adopted between adjacent two arc-shaped plates 21.

[0072] The single-bevel groove structure not only has a relatively simple form, less machining amount, can save materials and machining time, but also can achieve good fusion of the weld 22 when welding the head 10 and the arc-shaped plate 21, making the welding between the head 10 and the arc-shaped plate 21 more firm. Since the wall thickness of the arc-shaped plate 21 is relatively large, adopting the double-bevel groove structure can better fill and fuse the weld 22 through welding on both the inner and outer sides, making the welding between adjacent two arc-shaped plates 21 more firm.

[0073] Refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in some embodiments, a bottom plate 60 is provided in the middle of the inner surface of the head 10, and the mounting seat 40 is adapted to be detachably provided at the central position of the bottom plate 60, so as to be installed at the center of the inner surface of the head 10.

[0074] Specifically, the mounting base 40 is provided with a connection hole 41. The mounting base 40 can be detachably arranged on the bottom plate 60 through fasteners such as bolts (not shown in the figure), which is convenient for fixing the deformation measuring device 300, avoiding the tipping and damage of the deformation measuring device 300, and also avoiding the influence on the measurement result due to the position change of the deformation measuring device 300, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the deformation measuring device 300.

[0075] In some examples, referring to Figure 7 , a plurality of fastening blocks 12 are provided at a position close to the center of the inner surface of the head 10. The bottom plate 60 can be fixed to the inner surface of the head 10 through the plurality of fastening blocks 12, providing a mounting carrier for the deformation measuring device 300.

[0076] In some examples, referring to Figure 6 and Figure 8 , a plurality of target seats 11 are dispersedly arranged on the inner surface of the peripheral edge of the head 10. The target seats 11 are measured and analyzed by a laser tracker to determine the center position of the inner surface of the head 10, and marks are made on the bottom plate 60, so that the deformation measuring device 300 can be fixed at the center position of the inner surface of the head 10.

[0077] Next, refer to Figures 1 - 9 to describe the deformation measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0078] Referring to Figures 1 - 4 , Figure 9 , in the welding process of the pressure vessel 100 of the nuclear fusion device, the deformation measuring device 300 of any one of the above is used for deformation measurement according to the deformation measurement method of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0079] The deformation measurement method includes the following steps: When installing each arc plate on the head in a preset order, measure the distance between each arc plate and the center of the guide post respectively until the plurality of arc plates are roughly positioned on the head; Then weld the plurality of arc plates in batches. After each welding of the plurality of arc plates, measure the deformation amount of the plurality of arc plates, and adjust the welding parameters and / or welding sequence of the next welding of the plurality of arc plates according to the measurement result.

[0080] Specifically, before measurement, fix the bottom plate 60 to the middle of the inner surface of the head 10 through the fastening blocks 12, measure the head 10 by a laser tracker to determine the center position (center position of the circle) of the inner surface of the head 10, and mark it on the bottom plate 60; fix the deformation measuring device 300 on the bottom plate 60 so that the center of the guide post 51 of the deformation measuring device 300 coincides with the marked position on the bottom plate 60. Specifically, the mounting base 40 can be installed at the marked position on the bottom plate 60 by using fasteners such as bolts, thereby completing the installation of the deformation measuring device 300.

[0081] Subsequently, the arc plates 21 are installed on the head 10 in a preset order. When installing each arc plate 21, the distance between each arc plate 21 and the center of the guide post 51 is measured by the deformation measuring device 300, and the arc plate 21 is adjusted according to the measurement results until the distance between the arc plate 21 and the center of the guide post 51 is consistent with the radius of the arc plate 21, and the arc plate 21 and the head 10 are roughly positioned.

[0082] For example, the sliding member 53 can be axially moved along the guide post 51 to the middle of the guide post 51, and the positioning member 54 is used to connect the first positioning portion 511 in the middle of the guide post 51 and the second positioning portion 531 of the sliding member 53 to complete one measurement. The position of the arc plate 21 is gradually adjusted according to the measurement results, so that each arc plate 21 can be located at a preset position on the head 10. After the adjustment is completed, the arc plate 21 and the head 10 can be temporarily fixed by spot welding or welding lugs until multiple arc plates 21 are roughly positioned on the head 10. Among them, the welding lugs can be removed after welding is completed.

[0083] After the rough positioning is completed, the adjacent arc plates 21 can be welded from bottom to top, and the welding of the adjacent arc plates 21 is carried out by multiple welding methods. For example, the whole process can be divided into 3 times, 5 times, or 7 times.

[0084] Since the welding deformation is affected not only by factors such as the material itself, such as specific heat capacity, density, thickness, etc., but also by the external welding line energy, which is mainly reflected in the welding current, voltage, and welding speed, etc. Therefore, during the welding process, by measuring the deformation amounts at different positions of the arc plate 21 and accordingly adjusting parameters such as the welding current, voltage, and welding speed, as well as adjusting the welding sequence, the purpose of minimizing the welding deformation and making the deformation more uniform can be achieved.

[0085] For example, after each welding of multiple arc plates 21, it is necessary to use the deformation measuring device 300 to measure different positions of the multiple arc plates 21 in the axial direction and / or circumferential direction, obtain the deformation amounts of the arc plates 21 at different positions according to the measurement results, and adjust the welding parameters and / or welding sequence of the next welding of the multiple arc plates 21 according to the deformation amounts of the arc plates 21 at different positions.

[0086] Exemplarily, during the first welding process, if the deformation amount of a certain arc plate 21 is too large, then the welding parameters can be appropriately adjusted, such as slowing down the welding speed of this arc plate 21 or accelerating the welding speed of other arc plates 21, or reducing the welding current and voltage of this arc plate 21 or increasing the welding voltage and current of other arc plates 21, so as to minimize the welding deformation and make the deformation more uniform.

[0087] Therefore, according to the deformation measurement method of the embodiments of the present invention, by using the deformation measurement device 300 to perform multiple measurements on the multiple welding processes of the plurality of arc-shaped plates 21, and using the measurement results to guide the adjustment of subsequent welding parameters and / or sequences, the deformation of the pressure vessel 100 of the nuclear fusion device during the welding process can be controlled, and the high-precision requirements of the nuclear fusion device for the pressure vessel 100 can be met.

[0088] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 9 , in some embodiments, the weld 22 between two adjacent arc-shaped plates 21 includes a plurality of welding parts (not shown in the figure), and the plurality of welding parts are arranged axially on the cylinder body 20. The welding part close to the head 10 is defined as the first formed welding part.

[0089] After each welding of the plurality of arc-shaped plates, the deformation amount of the plurality of arc-shaped plates is measured, including: When welding the plurality of arc-shaped plates for the first time, a first welding part is formed between any two adjacent arc-shaped plates, and the deformation amount of the plurality of arc-shaped plates when forming the first welding part is measured; When welding the plurality of arc-shaped plates for the second time, a second welding part is formed between any two adjacent arc-shaped plates, and the deformation amount of the plurality of arc-shaped plates when forming the second welding part is measured until the welding is completed.

[0090] That is to say, the entire welding process is divided into multiple times. After each welding, a welding part will be formed between two adjacent arc-shaped plates 21. Finally, the plurality of welding parts between two adjacent arc-shaped plates 21 form the weld 22. Among them, the plurality of welding parts are arranged axially on the cylinder body 20, and a welding part close to the head 10 is defined as the first formed welding part.

[0091] After each welding of the plurality of arc-shaped plates 21, it is necessary to measure the deformation amount of the plurality of arc-shaped plates 21. Specifically, after the first welding is completed, the deformation measurement device 300 measures the left-right direction and up-down direction of the arc-shaped plates 21 at the first formed welding part, and analyzes the measurement data to obtain the deformation amount of two adjacent arc-shaped plates 21 during the first welding, and adjusts the welding parameters and / or welding sequence accordingly for the next welding.

[0092] After the second welding is completed, the deformation measurement device 300 measures the up-down direction and left-right direction of the arc-shaped plates 21 at the second formed welding part, and analyzes the measurement data to obtain the deformation amount of two adjacent arc-shaped plates 21 during the second welding, and adjusts the welding parameters and / or welding sequence accordingly for the next welding.

[0093] Before the next welding, adjust the welding parameters and / or welding sequence according to the measurement data of the previous time, and then perform the welding. After that, conduct measurements in the same steps, and adjust the parameters for the next welding according to the measured data. Repeat this operation until the welding is completed.

[0094] Such a welding method can understand the deformation of the arc-shaped plate 21 in real time during the welding process, facilitating the measurer to adjust the welding process in a timely manner, and ensuring that a pressure vessel 100 with high precision can be welded ultimately.

[0095] Refer to Figure 1 , in some specific embodiments, before welding multiple arc-shaped plates in batches, it includes welding the head and multiple arc-shaped plates. The deformation measurement method further includes the following steps: After welding the head and multiple arc-shaped plates, measure the deformation of the multiple arc-shaped plates; According to the measurement results, adjust the welding parameters and / or welding sequence when welding the multiple arc-shaped plates.

[0096] That is to say, before welding multiple arc-shaped plates 21 in batches, it is also necessary to weld the head 10 and multiple arc-shaped plates 21. After welding the head 10 and multiple arc-shaped plates 21, use the deformation measurement device 300 to measure the deformation of the multiple arc-shaped plates 21, analyze the measured data, and adjust the welding parameters and / or welding sequence when welding the multiple arc-shaped plates 21, so that the welding deformation of each arc-shaped plate 21 is as small as possible and / or the welding deformation is uniform.

[0097] Thus, through such a welding method, it is possible to measure and understand the welding deformation between each arc-shaped plate 21 and the head 10 in real time during the welding process, facilitating the measurer to adjust the welding process in a timely manner, and ensuring the welding accuracy between the head 10 and the arc-shaped plate 21.

[0098] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0099] For those of ordinary skill in the art, the other constitutions and operations of the deformation measurement device 300 and the deformation measurement method according to the embodiments of the present invention are known, and will not be described in detail here.

[0100] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0101] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A deformation measuring device for a pressure vessel of a nuclear fusion device, the pressure vessel comprising a head and a cylinder body, the cylinder body comprising a plurality of arc-shaped plates arranged circumferentially around the head, and adjacent two of the arc-shaped plates and between the arc-shaped plate and the head are welded together; characterized in that, The deformation measurement device includes: a mounting seat, which is adapted to be detachably arranged at the center of the inner surface of the head; a measurement assembly, the measurement assembly includes a guiding column and a measuring member, the guiding column extends along the height of the cylinder body and the lower end thereof is connected to the mounting seat, the measuring member is arranged on the guiding column and is movable in the axial direction and / or the circumferential direction of the guiding column, and is used for measuring the deformation amount of the arc-shaped plate after welding.

2. The deformation measurement device according to claim 1, wherein The measuring member includes: a mounting rod, the mounting rod extends radially along the guiding column and one axial end thereof is movably arranged on the guiding column; a measuring body, the measuring body is arranged on the mounting rod and moves together with the mounting rod, and the measuring body is used for measuring the deformation amount of the arc-shaped plate.

3. The deformation measurement device according to claim 2, wherein The mounting rod defines a mounting cavity extending along its axial direction, the measuring body is movable between a first position and a second position along the axial direction of the mounting rod, in the first position, the measuring body is received in the mounting cavity, and in the second position, the measuring body partially extends out of the mounting cavity.

4. The deformation measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting rod is a telescopic rod.

5. The deformation measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement assembly further includes a sliding member, the sliding member is sleeved on the guiding column and is movable in the axial direction and / or the circumferential direction of the guiding column, and the measuring member is arranged on the guiding column through the sliding member to move together with the sliding member.

6. The deformation measurement device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The guiding column is provided with a plurality of first positioning portions, the plurality of first positioning portions are arranged axially on the guiding column, the sliding member is provided with a second positioning portion, and the plurality of first positioning portions are selectively connected to the second positioning portion through a positioning member.

7. The deformation measurement device according to claim 6, characterized in that The first positioning portion is a first positioning hole, the number of the second positioning portions is multiple, the second positioning portion is a second positioning hole, and the plurality of second positioning holes are selectively connected to any one of the first positioning holes through the positioning member.

8. The deformation measurement device according to claim 7, wherein The number of the measuring members is multiple, and the multiple measuring members are arranged circumferentially on the sliding member; In a plane perpendicular to the guiding column, the included angle between the projections of two adjacent second positioning holes in the plane and the projection connection line of the axis of the guiding column in the plane is a first included angle, and the included angle between the projections of two adjacent measuring members in the plane is a second included angle, and the first included angle is smaller than the second included angle.

9. The deformation measurement device according to claim 6, characterized in that The first positioning portion is a first positioning hole, the second positioning portion is an annular positioning groove, the positioning member is detachably arranged at the first positioning hole and is slidable along the extending direction of the annular positioning groove.

10. The deformation measurement device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The number of the measuring members is multiple, and the multiple measuring members are arranged circumferentially on the guiding column.

11. A deformation measurement method, characterized in that, During the welding process of the pressure vessel of the nuclear fusion device, the deformation measurement is carried out by using the deformation measurement device according to any one of claims 1-10, and the deformation measurement method includes the following steps: When installing each of the arc-shaped plates on the head in a preset order, respectively measure the distance between each arc-shaped plate and the center of the guiding column until the plurality of arc-shaped plates are roughly positioned on the head in the preset order; Weld the plurality of arc-shaped plates in batches. After welding the plurality of arc-shaped plates each time, measure the deformation amount of the plurality of arc-shaped plates, and adjust the welding parameters and / or welding sequence for the next welding of the plurality of arc-shaped plates according to the measurement results.

12. The deformation measurement method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The weld seam between two adjacent arc-shaped plates includes a plurality of welding parts, and the plurality of welding parts are arranged axially on the cylinder body. Define the welding part close to the head as the first welding part formed. After welding the plurality of arc-shaped plates each time, measuring the deformation amount of the plurality of arc-shaped plates includes: Weld the plurality of arc-shaped plates for the first time to form the first welding part between any two adjacent arc-shaped plates, and measure the deformation amount of the plurality of arc-shaped plates when forming the first welding part. Weld the plurality of arc-shaped plates for the second time to form the second welding part between any two adjacent arc-shaped plates, and measure the deformation amount of the plurality of arc-shaped plates when forming the second welding part until the welding is completed.

13. The deformation measurement method according to claim 11, characterized in that, Before welding the plurality of arc-shaped plates in batches, it includes: welding the head and the plurality of arc-shaped plates. The deformation measurement method further includes the following steps: After welding the head and the plurality of arc-shaped plates, measure the deformation amount of the plurality of arc-shaped plates. According to the measurement results, adjust the welding parameters and / or welding sequence when welding the plurality of arc-shaped plates.

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