Elevator bearing multifunctional test tool

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multifunctional test fixture for elevator bearings, comprising a frame, a core shaft, a fixture seat, a support plate, and a drive plate. The fixture seat is penetrated by a through-hole, and a bearing to be tested is connected between the core shaft and the through-hole. The drive plate is provided with a drive structure for driving the core shaft to operate so that the bearing to be tested operates synchronously to simulate the actual operating conditions of the elevator bearing. The frame is provided with a first simulation structure for applying a static or dynamic radial load to the inner ring of the bearing to be tested to simulate the actual static or dynamic radial load conditions of the bearing. The frame is also provided with a second simulation structure for applying a static radial load to the outer ring of the bearing to be tested, and a third simulation structure for applying a static axial load or a reciprocating axial load to the inner ring of the bearing to be tested to simulate the actual static axial load or reciprocating axial load conditions of the bearing. The present invention solves the problem that traditional elevator bearing test fixtures have a single detection function and are difficult to simulate the different load conditions to which elevator bearings are actually subjected in operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of multifunctional testing tooling for elevator bearings, in particular to a multifunctional testing tooling for elevator bearings. Background Art

[0002] In the field of elevator manufacturing and maintenance, traction machine bearings are core transmission components, and their performance directly affects the safety and reliability of elevator operation. Therefore, comprehensive and accurate performance testing of elevator bearings is a key link in ensuring product quality.

[0003] However, traditional elevator bearing testing tooling has many limitations: on the one hand, the detection function of traditional elevator bearing testing equipment is relatively simple, and most tooling can only test a single type of load (such as static radial load), which cannot meet the requirements of simulating the working conditions of elevator bearings under multiple composite loads in actual operation; on the other hand, existing tooling is difficult to truly restore the stress state of elevator bearings under complex working conditions. For example, during elevator starting, braking and car overload, the bearings need to withstand the coupling of dynamic radial force, axial force and torque at the same time, and traditional tooling lacks effective dynamic loading and multi-load collaborative simulation mechanism, resulting in a large deviation between the test results and the actual operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a multifunctional testing tool for elevator bearings to solve the problem that traditional elevator bearing testing tooling has a single detection function and is difficult to simulate the different load conditions that elevator bearings are actually subjected to during operation.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a multifunctional testing fixture for elevator bearings, comprising a frame, a core shaft and a fixture seat, wherein the frame is provided with a support plate and a drive plate along its height direction, the fixture seat is provided on the support plate and is penetrated by a through hole for the core shaft to pass through, a bearing to be tested is detachably connected between the outer peripheral wall of the core shaft and the inner peripheral wall of the through hole, the drive plate is provided with a driving structure for driving the core shaft to operate so that the bearing to be tested operates synchronously to simulate the actual operating conditions of the elevator bearing, the frame is provided with a first simulation structure for cooperating with the driving structure and applying a static or dynamic radial load to the inner ring of the bearing to be tested to simulate the actual static or dynamic radial load condition of the bearing, the frame is also provided with a second simulation structure for applying a static radial load to the outer ring of the bearing to be tested and a third simulation structure for applying a static axial load or a reciprocating axial load to the inner ring of the bearing to be tested to simulate the actual static axial load or reciprocating axial load condition of the bearing.

[0006] The benefits of adopting the above technical solution are: in the above technology, the frame serves as the basic supporting structure, and the support plate and the drive plate arranged in the height direction form a layered layout, wherein the support plate is used to fix the tooling seat to position the bearing to be tested, and the drive plate provides an installation basis for the drive structure and realizes the linkage of the dynamic loading components; in the above technology, the core shaft passes through the through-hole of the tooling seat and is connected to the inner ring of the bearing to be tested, ensuring that the bearing runs synchronously with the core shaft to simulate the actual rotation working condition, and the perforated design of the tooling seat realizes the detachable installation of the outer ring of the bearing to meet the testing requirements of bearings of different specifications; in the above technology, the drive structure drives the core shaft The shaft rotates to provide a real speed simulation for the bearing, thereby simulating the actual operating conditions of the elevator bearing; the first simulation structure is linked with the drive structure to apply static or dynamic radial loads to the inner ring of the bearing to adapt to the changes in radial force under starting, braking and other working conditions, thereby simulating the radial load conditions of the elevator bearing during actual operation; the second simulation structure applies a static radial load to the outer ring to simulate constant loads such as car gravity; the third simulation structure applies a static or reciprocating axial load to the inner ring of the bearing to be tested, thereby restoring the axial force of the elevator bearing under the condition of uneven wire rope tension during actual operation.

[0007] Through the above-mentioned technical structure, a multi-dimensional load simulation system was constructed: the driving structure ensures that the operating state of the bearing is consistent with the actual working conditions, providing a dynamic basis for load simulation; the first to third simulation structures are used to accurately apply radial and axial loads to the inner and outer rings, respectively, covering static, dynamic, unidirectional and composite load types; and the frame, core shaft and tooling seat are coordinated to achieve stable installation and rapid replacement of bearings. Through the modular structural design and the coordinated work of multiple load simulation components, the above-mentioned technology breaks through the limitations of single load testing of traditional tooling, and can complete multi-condition performance testing of bearings on the same platform, improving test efficiency while ensuring a high degree of consistency between test data and actual operating conditions, providing a comprehensive and reliable technical basis for bearing design optimization and quality assessment.

[0008] The present invention is further provided with: a drive seat and a transmission shaft are provided on the drive plate, a transmission hole for the transmission shaft to pass through is opened on the drive seat, a companion bearing is detachably connected between the outer peripheral wall of the transmission shaft and the inner peripheral wall of the transmission hole, the driving structure includes a servo motor arranged on the drive plate, the output end of the servo motor is coaxially connected to the end of the transmission shaft and is connected with a coupling, two sets of transmission belts are connected with the belt drive between the transmission shaft and the core shaft, and the two sets of transmission belts are respectively arranged at both ends of the core shaft.

[0009] The benefits of adopting the above technical solution are: in the above technology, the drive seat on the drive plate and the drive shaft constitute the power transmission core, and the test bearing in the transmission hole reduces the friction loss during the operation of the drive shaft, thereby improving the stability of the transmission system; and the servo motor is coaxially connected to the drive shaft through a coupling to achieve efficient power output and precise control of the speed; two sets of transmission belts are arranged at both ends of the core shaft to form a symmetrical power transmission path, thereby avoiding eccentric operation of the core shaft due to unilateral force, and at the same time, the elastic characteristics of the transmission belt can buffer the torque impact at the moment of startup, simulating load fluctuations in actual operation.

[0010] The above technical structure, through symmetrical layout and precise transmission design, ensures that the core shaft drives the bearing to be tested at a stable speed, and the speed error is controlled within an extremely small range, providing a constant operating basis for load simulation. The coordination between the test bearing and the transmission belt reduces power loss, improves the system transmission efficiency, and adapts to high-frequency start-stop conditions. The high-precision control of the servo motor enables stepless speed adjustment to meet the testing requirements of bearing speed for different elevator models. The above overall structural setting not only ensures the reliability of the drive system, but also makes the bearing operating state closer to the actual working conditions through symmetrical transmission and elastic buffer design, creating a stable mechanical environment for the precise application of subsequent radial and axial loads, and ensuring the authenticity and repeatability of the bearing stress state during the test.

[0011] The present invention is further provided with: the frame is provided with a slide groove along its height direction, the first drive motor is provided on the top back side of the frame, the end of the drive plate is provided with a sliding portion extending toward the slide groove, the first simulation structure includes a first ball screw opened along the height direction of the frame, the first ball screw includes a first nut portion and a first screw portion, the first nut portion is vertically connected to the sliding portion, the first screw portion is coaxially connected to the output end of the first drive motor, the opening direction of the first screw portion is consistent with the opening direction of the slide groove and the first screw portion and the sliding portion are relatively perpendicular, and two first guide shafts are provided on the frame along its height direction, the two first guide shafts are relatively arranged and pass through the sliding portion.

[0012] The benefits of adopting the above technical solution are: the above technology realizes continuous adjustment of static radial load through mechatronic design through the first simulation structure: that is, the first drive motor adjusts the position of the drive plate in real time according to the preset working condition parameters, drives the drive plate to slide along the height direction of the frame, so that the distance between the drive plate and the support plate changes synchronously, thereby realizing the stretching or retraction of the transmission belt. Because the transmission belt has elasticity, when the distance between the drive plate and the support plate becomes larger, the displacement of the drive plate will drive the drive seat and the servo motor to shift, thereby stretching the transmission belt. When the transmission belt is stretched, the transmission belt deforms and generates deformation mechanical force, thereby increasing the force applied by the transmission belt to the core shaft, and the force applied by the transmission belt to the core shaft will be partially applied through the core shaft. Force is transmitted to the inner ring to be tested, thereby applying a static radial load. In the above-mentioned technology, the frame slideway provides a guide track for the drive plate, ensuring smooth vertical movement. The first drive motor serves as the power source, converting rotational motion into linear motion via a first ball screw. The first nut portion is perpendicularly connected to the drive plate's sliding portion, enabling precise adjustment of the drive plate's position. The sliding portion is passed through the first guide shaft and arranged parallel to the slideway, further enhancing the drive plate's anti-deflection capability during movement and reducing lateral displacement errors. The high-precision transmission characteristics of the ball screw in the above-mentioned technology ensure the resolution of load application, adapting to the simulation requirements of small load changes. The combination of the guide shaft and the slideway forms a rigid support structure, enhancing structural rigidity during the loading process. This configuration achieves precise control of load magnitude and direction, meeting the requirements for radial load simulation of elevator bearings in different operating phases (such as constant speed, acceleration, and deceleration), and improving the tooling's adaptability to complex operating conditions.

[0013] The present invention is further provided with: the first simulation structure also includes two groups of eccentric parts, the two groups of eccentric parts are arranged on both sides of the transmission belt, the eccentric parts include a turntable, a second drive motor for driving the turntable to operate and a loading shaft eccentrically arranged on the turntable, two groups of frame plates are arranged on the drive plate, the two groups of frame plates are arranged opposite to each other and are arranged on both sides of the transmission belt, the two second drive motors are arranged on the two frame plates, the outer peripheral wall surface of the loading shaft is abutting surface for abutting against the outer wall surface of the adjacent transmission belt body, and a high-frequency response pressure sensor is embedded in the abutting surface.

[0014] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: in the above technology, two sets of eccentric members are arranged on both sides of the transmission belt. When the second drive motor drives the turntable to rotate, the eccentrically arranged loading shaft performs a circular motion with the center of the turntable as the center. Its abutment surface contacts the outer wall of the transmission belt and applies periodic pressure or continuous pressure. When the force is applied to the transmission belt, the tension of the transmission belt is changed, thereby simulating the dynamic radial load or static radial load caused by vibration or load fluctuation during elevator operation. The abutment surface of the outer peripheral wall of the loading shaft is made of wear-resistant material, and the embedded high-frequency response pressure sensor collects the contact pressure signal in real time, providing feedback data to the control system to adjust the loading parameters. The above-mentioned adjustable eccentricity design can change the load fluctuation amplitude, and the turntable speed is adjusted to correspond to dynamic loads of different frequencies to meet the simulation requirements of various working conditions. The high-frequency response characteristics of the sensor ensure the complete capture of the dynamic load signal and avoid signal distortion.

[0015] The above structure combines mechanical vibration loading with real-time sensing technology: that is, the periodic motion of the eccentric is transmitted to the core shaft through the transmission belt, so that the inner ring of the bearing to be tested is subjected to regularly changing radial loads, effectively simulating the dynamic forces caused by car vibration or traction machine imbalance; and the pressure sensor monitors the load amplitude and frequency in real time, providing the original signal to the test data acquisition system, facilitating subsequent bearing fatigue life analysis. The symmetrical arrangement of the eccentrics on both sides ensures the symmetry of load application, prevents the bearing from generating additional axial torque due to unilateral force, improves the accuracy and reliability of dynamic load simulation, and enables the tooling to truly restore the stress state of the bearing in a complex vibration environment.

[0016] The present invention is further provided with: an adjustment plate is provided on the drive plate, an adjustment slot is opened on the drive plate along its length direction, a second ball screw is movably provided in the adjustment slot, the second ball screw includes a second nut portion and a second screw portion, the adjustment plate is movably arranged above the drive plate along the length direction of the drive plate, the second nut portion is detachably connected to the bottom wall of the adjustment plate, a third drive motor is provided on the bottom wall of the drive plate, an output end of the third drive motor is connected to the end portion of the second screw portion with a synchronous belt, and the frame plate, drive seat and servo motor are all arranged on the adjustment plate.

[0017] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the adjustment groove in the above technology provides installation space for the second ball screw, and when the third drive motor drives the second screw part to rotate through the synchronous belt, the second nut part moves along the length direction of the second screw part, and the second nut part is connected to the bottom wall of the adjustment plate, so as to realize the linear movement of the adjustment plate along the length direction of the drive plate; and the frame plate, drive seat, and servo motor are integrated into the adjustment plate, and the center distance between the drive shaft and the core shaft changes as the adjustment plate moves, thereby adjusting the transmission belt tension. This adjustment structure realizes stepless adjustment of the transmission belt tension through mechanical transmission: when it is necessary to adapt to bearings of different specifications or simulate the working conditions of wire rope tension changes, the third drive motor drives the adjustment plate to move, accurately controlling the tension of the transmission belt, and the tension adjustment range covers the requirements of conventional working conditions; the drive components integrated into the adjustment plate move synchronously, avoiding installation errors caused by individual adjustments and improving the operating convenience of the tooling. At the same time, this structure provides a hardware foundation for the coordinated simulation of transmission belt tension and radial load. While applying a dynamic radial load, it can simulate the load coupling effect under different working conditions by adjusting the tension, further expanding the testing function of the tooling and meeting the testing requirements of multi-parameter coordinated loading under complex working conditions.

[0018] The present invention is further provided with: a top plate is provided on the top of the frame, and the top plate is provided above the support plate; the second simulation structure includes a loading disk and a plurality of radial loading cylinders; the plurality of radial loading cylinders are evenly distributed on the top plate in an annular direction and the output ends of the plurality of radial loading cylinders pass through the top plate and are all hinged to the top of the loading disk; the output ends of the plurality of radial loading cylinders are all arranged perpendicularly to the core shaft; a pressure shaft is coaxially connected to the bottom of the loading disk, and the pressure shaft is arranged in linkage with the workpiece seat.

[0019] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: in the above technology, the top plate of the frame provides an installation reference for the second simulation structure, and a number of radial loading cylinders are evenly distributed circumferentially on the top plate, with their output ends hinged to the top of the loading disk, forming a multi-point balanced loading structure. The pressure shaft at the bottom of the loading disk cooperates with the tooling seat to convert the thrust of the radial loading cylinder into an action on the tooling seat, and then transmits it to the outer ring of the bearing through the tooling seat, thereby achieving static radial load loading on the outer ring of the bearing. The above structure achieves stable application of static radial load: that is, multiple loading cylinders act synchronously to ensure that the load size is consistent and the direction is perpendicular to the core shaft axis, simulating constant radial loads such as the gravity of the traction wheel, while the rigid connection between the loading disk and the pressure shaft ensures the directness of the load transfer path and reduces energy loss. The static loading system and the dynamic loading structure are independent of each other and work in conjunction with each other. They can continuously apply a constant radial load during the operation of the bearing, thereby simulating the radial load conditions that the bearing is subjected to during actual operation, that is, simulating constant loads such as the gravity of the car. In the above technology, the radial loading cylinder is driven by hydraulic or pneumatic pressure, which has the characteristics of fast response speed and high load control accuracy; and the circumferential uniform distribution design of several radial loading cylinders makes the load evenly distributed on the circumference of the bearing outer ring, avoiding local stress concentration.

[0020] The present invention further provides that: the top wall of the tooling seat is processed into a force-bearing plane through a cutting process, the pressure shaft and the force-bearing plane are hingedly arranged, and a radial load sensor is arranged between the pressure shaft and the loading disk.

[0021] The benefits of adopting the above technical solution are: in the above technology, the force-bearing plane of the top wall of the tooling seat is processed by a cutting process, and has a certain flatness and surface hardness, providing a rigid support surface for the pressure shaft, ensuring the vertical transmission of the static radial load; the radial load sensor arranged between the pressure shaft and the loading disk adopts a high-precision strain or piezoresistive element, which can capture the slight changes in the load during the loading process in real time, and provide feedback signals to the control system to realize closed-loop control, thereby improving the test accuracy and efficiency.

[0022] The present invention further provides: the third simulation structure includes a third ball screw and a fourth drive motor, the third ball screw includes a third screw part and two third nut parts that cooperate with the third screw part and are movably arranged on the third screw part along the opening direction of the third screw part, the third screw part is rotatably arranged on the top plate, the fourth drive motor is arranged on the top plate and the output end of the fourth drive motor is coaxially connected to the end of the third screw part, the two third nut parts are both provided with a base plate, the base plate is arranged relative to the top plate and perpendicularly, the two base plates are respectively arranged on both sides of the tooling seat, a cylinder is provided on the base plate and the output end of the cylinder is arranged toward the tooling seat, and the output end of the cylinder is coaxially connected to an abutment shaft for contacting the side wall of the inner ring of the bearing to be tested.

[0023] The benefits of adopting the above technical solution are: the third ball screw of the third simulation structure in the above technology adopts a bidirectional screw design, and when the fourth drive motor drives the third screw part to rotate, the two third nut parts move synchronously along the screw part, so that the substrates arranged on both sides of the workholding are synchronously displaced, and the cylinder output end on the substrate contacts or separates with the side wall of the inner ring of the bearing through the abutment shaft, thereby realizing unidirectional application or bidirectional application of static axial load or periodic loading of reciprocating axial load. The structure realizes multi-mode simulation of axial load through electromechanical and hydraulic integration design: that is, in static mode, the cylinder maintains a constant thrust to simulate the unidirectional axial load caused by wire rope tension; in reciprocating mode, the cylinder combines the position adjustment of the ball screw to output periodic axial force according to the preset frequency and stroke, thereby restoring the axial load fluctuation caused by the car overload, and then simulating the static or dynamic axial load conditions of the bearing during actual operation, thereby improving test accuracy and test efficiency.

[0024] The present invention further provides that: a wear-resistant head is provided at the end of the abutting shaft, the wear-resistant head is made of rubber material, and a pressure sensor is provided in the wear-resistant head.

[0025] The benefits of adopting the above technical solution are: the wear-resistant head at the end of the abutting shaft in the above technology is made of rubber, and its elastic properties can buffer the instantaneous impact when the axial load is applied, avoiding damage to the end face of the inner ring of the bearing due to rigid contact; and the pressure sensor embedded in the wear-resistant head adopts a thin film or piezoelectric element, which can monitor the contact pressure between the abutting shaft and the inner ring of the bearing in real time, providing real-time data for the closed-loop control of the axial load, thereby improving the test accuracy and test efficiency.

[0026] The present invention is further provided with: a sensor group and two test seats arranged on the support plate, the two test seats are arranged on both sides of the support seat and the test seat is penetrated by a through hole for the core shaft to pass through, the sensor group includes two spoke-type sensors, the inner circumferential wall of the through hole is circumferentially provided with a card slot, the two spoke-type sensors are arranged in the two card slots, the spoke-type sensors are detachably connected to the card slots, the two ends of the core shaft are respectively plugged into the axial holes of the two spoke-type sensors, the sensor group also includes a multi-axis force sensor, the multi-axis force sensor is detachably connected between the outer ring of the bearing to be tested and the through hole.

[0027] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the test seats on the support plate are located on both sides of the tooling base, and the slots in the through-holes are used to fix the spoke-type sensor. The sensor shaft hole is inserted into the two ends of the core shaft to directly measure the radial force acting on the core shaft. The multi-axis force sensor is detachably connected between the outer ring of the bearing to be tested and the through-hole of the tooling base, and can simultaneously monitor the radial, axial and other multi-directional loads on the outer ring. The above technology constructs a multi-dimensional load monitoring system through a distributed layout: the spoke-type sensor directly measures the radial force acting on the core shaft, avoiding interference from external factors such as transmission belt tension on the measurement results; the multi-axis force sensor captures the combined load of the bearing outer ring in real time, providing raw data for analyzing the load distribution of the bearing inner and outer rings and the stress state of the rolling elements. Through multi-source data fusion, it provides rich parameter support for bearing failure analysis, life prediction, etc., and gives the tooling higher testing accuracy and technical added value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view from the front perspective of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A three-dimensional view of the back side of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a partial three-dimensional view of the present invention after removing the frame and top plate;

[0031] Figure 4 A partial three-dimensional view of the support plate and its linkage structure in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a partial three-dimensional view of the driving plate and its linkage structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention provides a multifunctional test fixture for elevator bearings, comprising a frame 1, a core shaft 21 and a fixture seat 2, wherein the frame 1 is provided with a support plate 11 and a drive plate 12 along its height direction, the fixture seat 2 is provided on the support plate 11 and is penetrated by a through-hole 22 for the core shaft 21 to pass through, a bearing to be tested 23 is detachably connected between the outer peripheral wall of the core shaft 21 and the inner peripheral wall of the through-hole 22, the drive plate 12 is provided with a driving structure for driving the core shaft 21 to operate so that the bearing to be tested 23 operates synchronously to simulate the actual operating conditions of the elevator bearing, and the frame 1 is provided with a device for cooperating with the drive structure and applying a static or dynamic radial load to the inner ring of the bearing to be tested 23 to simulate the actual static or dynamic radial load working of the bearing The frame 1 is further provided with a second simulation structure for applying a static radial load to the outer ring of the bearing 23 to be tested and a third simulation structure for applying a static axial load or a reciprocating axial load to the inner ring of the bearing 23 to be tested to simulate the actual working condition of the bearing being subjected to a static axial load or a reciprocating axial load. The drive plate 12 is provided with a drive seat 13 and a transmission shaft 131. The drive seat 13 is provided with a transmission hole 132 for the transmission shaft 131 to pass through. A test bearing 133 is detachably connected between the outer peripheral wall of the transmission shaft 131 and the inner peripheral wall of the transmission hole 132. The drive structure includes a servo motor 14 provided on the drive plate 12, and the output end of the servo motor 14 is coaxially connected to the end of the transmission shaft 131. And it is connected with a coupling, and the transmission shaft 131 and the core shaft 21 are connected with two sets of transmission belts 15. The two sets of transmission belts 15 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the core shaft 21. The frame 1 is provided with a slide groove 16 along its height direction, and a first driving motor 31 is provided on the top and back of the frame 1. The end of the driving plate 12 extends with a sliding portion 121 toward the slide groove 16. The first simulation structure includes a first ball screw 3 opened along the height direction of the frame 1, and the first ball screw 3 includes a first nut portion 32 and a first screw portion 33. The first nut portion 32 is vertically connected to the sliding portion 121, and the first screw portion 33 is coaxially connected to the output end of the first driving motor 31. The first screw portion 33 is opened in a square The first screw rod portion 33 is arranged in the same direction as the opening direction of the slide groove 16 and is relatively perpendicular to the sliding portion 121. Two first guide shafts 34 are provided on the frame 1 along its height direction. The two first guide shafts 34 are arranged oppositely and pass through the sliding portion 121. The first simulation structure also includes two groups of eccentric members. The two groups of eccentric members are arranged on both sides of the transmission belt 15. The eccentric members include a turntable 35, a second drive motor 36 for driving the turntable 35 to operate, and a loading shaft 351 eccentrically arranged on the turntable 35. Two groups of frame plates 361 are provided on the drive plate 12. The two groups of frame plates 361 are arranged oppositely and on both sides of the transmission belt 15. The two second drive motors 36 are arranged on the two frame plates 361.The outer peripheral wall surface of the loading shaft 351 is an abutment surface 352 for abutting against the outer wall surface of the adjacent transmission belt 15, and a high-frequency response pressure sensor is embedded in the abutment surface 352. An adjustment plate 41 is provided on the driving plate 12, and the driving plate 12 is provided with an adjustment groove 122 along its length direction. A second ball screw 4 is movably provided in the adjustment groove 122, and the second ball screw 4 includes a second nut portion and a second screw portion 43. The adjustment plate 41 is movably provided above the driving plate 12 along the length direction of the driving plate 12, and the second nut portion is detachably connected to the bottom wall of the adjustment plate 41. The bottom wall of the driving plate 12 is provided with a third driving motor 44, and the output end of the third driving motor 44 is connected to the end of the second screw portion 43 with a transmission belt. There is a synchronous belt 45, the frame plate 361, the drive seat 13 and the servo motor 14 are all arranged on the adjustment plate 41, and a top plate 5 is arranged on the top of the frame body 1, and the top plate 5 is arranged above the support plate 11. The second simulation structure includes a loading disk 51 and a number of radial loading cylinders 52, and the radial loading cylinders 52 are evenly distributed on the top plate 5 in an annular direction and the output ends of the radial loading cylinders 52 pass through the top plate 5 and are hinged to the top of the loading disk 51. The output ends of the radial loading cylinders 52 are all arranged vertically relative to the core shaft 21, and the bottom of the loading disk 51 is coaxially connected to a pressure shaft 53, and the pressure shaft 53 is arranged in linkage with the tooling seat 2. The top wall of the tooling seat 2 is processed with a force plane 24 by a cutting process, and the pressure shaft 53 is connected to the force plane The surface 24 is hingedly arranged, and a radial load sensor is arranged between the pressure shaft 53 and the loading disk 51. The third simulation structure includes a third ball screw 6 and a fourth drive motor 61. The third ball screw 6 includes a third screw portion 62 and two third nut portions 63 that cooperate with the third screw portion 62 and are movable along the opening direction of the third screw portion 62 on the third screw portion 62. The third screw portion 62 is rotatably arranged on the top plate 5. The fourth drive motor 61 is arranged on the top plate 5 and the output end of the fourth drive motor 61 is coaxially connected to the end of the third screw portion 62. The two third nut portions 63 are both provided with a base plate 64. The base plate 64 is arranged perpendicular to the top plate 5, and the two base plates 64 are arranged on both sides of the tooling seat 2. , a cylinder 641 is provided on the base plate 64 and the output end of the cylinder 641 is arranged toward the position of the tooling seat 2, the output end of the cylinder 641 is coaxially connected with an abutment shaft 642 for contacting the inner ring side wall of the bearing 23 to be tested, and a wear-resistant head 643 is provided at the end of the abutment shaft 642, the wear-resistant head 643 is made of rubber material, a pressure sensor is provided in the wear-resistant head 643, and also includes a sensor group and two test seats 7 arranged on the support plate 11, the two test seats 7 are respectively arranged on both sides of the support seat and the test seat 7 is penetrated by a through hole 71 for the core shaft 21 to pass through, the sensor group includes two spoke-type sensors 72, the inner circumferential wall of the through hole 71 is circumferentially provided with a card slot, and the two spoke-type sensors 72 are respectively arranged in the two card slots,The spoke-type sensors 72 are detachably connected to the slots, and the two ends of the core shaft 21 are respectively plugged into the axial holes of the two spoke-type sensors 72. The sensor group also includes a multi-axis force sensor 73, which is detachably connected between the outer ring of the bearing 23 to be tested and the through hole 22.

[0034] This tooling test process:

[0035] 1. Initialization preparation phase:

[0036] 1. Bearing installation and positioning: Insert the outer ring of the bearing to be tested into the through-hole of the fixture and fix it with a detachable connection structure. The core shaft passes through the inner ring of the bearing and is coaxially positioned with the through-hole of the fixture. After the drive shaft on the drive plate passes through the companion bearing, it is connected to both ends of the core shaft through two sets of transmission belts to form a symmetrical power transmission path.

[0037] 2. Drive system debugging: Start the third drive motor, adjust the position of the adjustment plate on the drive plate through the second ball screw, adjust the center distance between the drive shaft and the core shaft, and make the transmission belt tension meet the test conditions. After the servo motor is powered on, run it in an idling test to confirm the speed control accuracy and the stability of the transmission system.

[0038] 3. Reset of load simulation structure: The first drive motor of the first simulation structure drives the ball screw to reset the sliding part of the drive plate to the initial position along the frame slide groove; the fourth drive motor of the third simulation structure drives the third ball screw to adjust the base plates and cylinders on both sides to the axial load zero position to ensure that the loading component is in the initial state.

[0039] 2. Dynamic operation simulation stage:

[0040] (1) Radial load simulation:

[0041] 1. Spindle drive and speed loading: According to the actual operating parameters of the elevator bearing, the spindle speed is set through the servo motor controller (adjustable from 0 to 3000 rpm). The servo motor drives the drive shaft through the coupling, and the spindle and the bearing to be tested are driven synchronously by two sets of transmission belts to simulate the actual speed working conditions of the elevator traction machine;

[0042] 2. Operation status monitoring: The spoke-type sensor monitors the radial force balance at both ends of the core shaft to ensure that the core shaft operates without eccentricity; the multi-axis force sensor synchronously collects the initial load data of the bearing outer ring as the benchmark parameter for no-load operation.

[0043] 3. Multi-load collaborative loading stage:

[0044] 1. Static radial load application (second simulation structure): The control system sends instructions to the radial loading cylinder, adjusts the hydraulic / pneumatic pressure according to the preset load value (such as 0-50kN), and several circumferentially evenly distributed loading cylinders extend synchronously. The static radial load is applied vertically to the outer ring of the bearing through the loading plate and the pressure shaft. The radial load sensor feeds back the load value in real time to an external intelligent industrial computer, simulating a constant radial load such as the gravity of the car.

[0045] 2. Dynamic radial load application (first simulation structure): Position linkage loading: The first drive motor drives the ball screw according to the operating condition curve (such as sine wave or step wave), driving the drive plate to reciprocate in the height direction. The loading shaft of the eccentric member abuts the transmission belt, converting the displacement change into a dynamic radial load on the bearing inner ring; Vibration load simulation: The second drive motor drives the turntable to rotate, and the eccentrically set loading shaft applies periodic pressure to the transmission belt at a preset frequency (1-50Hz). The pressure is transmitted to the bearing inner ring through the core shaft, simulating dynamic operating conditions such as starting impact and car vibration. The high-frequency response pressure sensor captures the load fluctuation signal in real time.

[0046] (2) Axial load simulation:

[0047] 1. Static axial load application: The fourth drive motor adjusts the third ball screw to move the two baseplates toward each other to the specified position. The abutment shaft at the cylinder output end contacts the side wall of the bearing inner ring. The pressure sensor in the wear-resistant head monitors the contact pressure in real time to ensure that the load acts stably on the inner ring end face.

[0048] 2. Reciprocating axial load application:

[0049] Combined with the elevator start-stop operating parameters, the control system drives the third ball screw to periodically change the baseplate position. The cylinder synchronously outputs the axial force of reciprocating motion to simulate the axial load fluctuations caused by uneven wire rope tension or car eccentricity. The load frequency and stroke can be dynamically adjusted according to the measured data.

[0050] The loading cylinders, motors and cylinders in the above-mentioned technologies are all existing technologies, so their structures and functions will not be described in detail. At the same time, the sensors are also existing technologies, which communicate with external intelligent industrial control equipment to feedback detection data and signals in real time, realize data integration and calculation through external intelligent industrial control equipment, and can also realize the opening and closing of the loading cylinders, motors and cylinders through external intelligent industrial control equipment. Since the sensors and intelligent industrial control equipment are all existing technologies, their structures and functions will not be described in detail.

[0051] The drawings in the above description are only for illustration of the structural positions and connection relationships of the components, and do not limit the specific dimensions in detail.

[0052] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which shall fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multifunctional test tool for elevator bearings, characterized by: The cam is provided with a support plate and a drive plate along its height direction, the cam is provided with a through hole for the cam to pass through, the outer peripheral wall of the cam and the inner peripheral wall of the through hole are detachably connected with the bearing to be tested, the drive plate is provided with a drive structure for driving the cam to operate so that the bearing to be tested can operate synchronously to simulate the actual operating condition of the elevator bearing, the frame is provided with a first simulation structure for cooperating with the drive structure and applying a static or dynamic radial load to the inner ring of the bearing to be tested to simulate the actual static or dynamic radial load condition of the bearing, the frame is also provided with a second simulation structure for applying a static radial load to the outer ring of the bearing to be tested and a third simulation structure for applying a static axial load or a reciprocating axial load to the inner ring of the bearing to be tested to simulate the actual static axial load or reciprocating axial load condition of the bearing, the drive plate is provided with a drive seat and a transmission shaft, The drive seat is provided with a transmission hole for the transmission shaft to pass through, and a test bearing is detachably connected between the outer peripheral wall of the transmission shaft and the inner peripheral wall of the transmission hole. The driving structure includes a servo motor arranged on the driving plate, and the output end of the servo motor is coaxially connected to the end of the transmission shaft and is connected to a coupling. Two sets of transmission belts are connected between the transmission shaft and the core shaft, and the two sets of transmission belts are respectively arranged at both ends of the core shaft. The first simulation structure also includes two sets of eccentric members, and the two sets of eccentric members are respectively arranged on both sides of the transmission belt. The eccentric members include a turntable, a second drive motor for driving the turntable to operate, and a loading shaft eccentrically arranged on the turntable. Two sets of frame plates are provided on the driving plate, and the two sets of frame plates are arranged opposite to each other and are respectively arranged on both sides of the transmission belt. The two second drive motors are respectively arranged on the two frame plates. The outer peripheral wall of the loading shaft is an abutment surface for abutting against the outer wall of the adjacent transmission belt body, and a high-frequency response pressure sensor is embedded in the abutment surface.

2. The multifunctional testing tool for elevator bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame is provided with a slide groove along its height direction, a first drive motor is provided on the top back side of the frame, a sliding portion is extended into the slide groove at the end of the drive plate, the first simulation structure includes a first ball screw opened along the height direction of the frame, the first ball screw includes a first nut portion and a first screw portion, the first nut portion is vertically connected to the sliding portion, the first screw portion is coaxially connected to the output end of the first drive motor, the opening direction of the first screw portion is consistent with the opening direction of the slide groove, and the first screw portion and the sliding portion are relatively perpendicular, and two first guide shafts are provided on the frame along its height direction, and the two first guide shafts are relatively arranged and pass through the sliding portion.

3. The multifunctional testing tool for elevator bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive plate is provided with an adjustment plate, the drive plate is provided with an adjustment slot along its length direction, a second ball screw is movably provided in the adjustment slot, the second ball screw includes a second nut portion and a second screw portion, the adjustment plate is movably arranged above the drive plate along the length direction of the drive plate, the second nut portion is detachably connected to the bottom wall of the adjustment plate, a third drive motor is provided on the bottom wall of the drive plate, an output end of the third drive motor is connected to the end portion of the second screw portion with a synchronous belt, and the frame plate, drive seat and servo motor are all arranged on the adjustment plate.

4. The multifunctional testing tool for elevator bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A top plate is provided on the top of the frame, and the top plate is located above the support plate. The second simulation structure includes a loading disk and a number of radial loading cylinders. The radial loading cylinders are evenly distributed on the top plate in an annular direction, and the output ends of the radial loading cylinders pass through the top plate and are hinged to the top of the loading disk. The output ends of the radial loading cylinders are all arranged perpendicularly to the core shaft. A pressure shaft is coaxially connected to the bottom of the loading disk, and the pressure shaft is linked to the workpiece seat.

5. The multifunctional testing tool for elevator bearings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top wall of the tooling seat is processed to have a force-bearing plane through a cutting process, the pressure shaft is hingedly matched with the force-bearing plane, and a radial load sensor is arranged between the pressure shaft and the loading disk.

6. The multifunctional testing tool for elevator bearings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third simulation structure includes a third ball screw and a fourth drive motor. The third ball screw includes a third screw part and two third nut parts that cooperate with the third screw part and are movably arranged on the third screw part along the opening direction of the third screw part. The third screw part is rotatably arranged on the top plate. The fourth drive motor is arranged on the top plate and the output end of the fourth drive motor is coaxially connected to the end of the third screw part. The two third nut parts are both provided with a base plate. The base plate is arranged relative to the top plate and is perpendicular to the two base plates. The two base plates are respectively arranged on both sides of the tooling seat. A cylinder is provided on the base plate and the output end of the cylinder is arranged toward the tooling seat. The output end of the cylinder is coaxially connected with an abutment shaft for contacting the side wall of the inner ring of the bearing to be tested.

7. The multifunctional testing tool for elevator bearings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the abutting shaft is provided with a wear-resistant head, the wear-resistant head is made of rubber material, and a pressure sensor is provided in the wear-resistant head.

8. The multifunctional testing tool for elevator bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sensor group and two test seats arranged on the support plate, the two test seats are arranged on both sides of the support seat and the test seat is penetrated by a through hole for the core shaft to pass through, the sensor group includes two spoke-type sensors, the inner circumferential wall of the through hole is circumferentially provided with a card slot, the two spoke-type sensors are arranged in the two card slots, the spoke-type sensors are detachably connected to the card slots, the two ends of the core shaft are respectively plugged into the axial holes of the two spoke-type sensors, and the sensor group also includes a multi-axis force sensor, which is detachably connected between the outer ring of the bearing to be tested and the through hole.

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