Pedestrian and facility interactive simulation system in public building

Abstract

The invention discloses a pedestrian and facility interactive simulation system in a public building, which belongs to the field of computer simulation and comprises a space module, a pedestrian module, a database module, an environment information monitoring module, a communication module, a data management module, an event triggering and management module, a path planning module, a simulation module and a display module. According to the pedestrian and facility interactive simulation system in the public building, the accurate environment in the building and the movement track of the pedestrian are provided in a simulation environment, optimization suggestions can be provided for building design, the experience feeling of a user is improved, and the safety of the user in an emergency situation is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of computer simulation, and particularly to a pedestrian and facility interaction simulation system in public buildings. Background Art

[0002] Human-computer interaction and intelligent systems play an important role in architectural design. Through interaction with intelligent systems, architects can better understand user needs and carry out innovative designs based on these needs.

[0003] First of all, human-computer interaction and intelligent systems provide architects with more efficient design tools. The traditional architectural design process requires a large amount of manual drawing and trial and error. After introducing intelligent systems, architects can use computer-aided design software for 3D modeling and rendering, quickly generating accurate design schemes, greatly improving the design efficiency.

[0004] Secondly, human-computer interaction and intelligent systems can help architects better communicate with users. Through virtual reality technology, architects can simulate the real experience of building spaces, enabling users to better understand the design intent and provide feedback and suggestions. This interactive design process can ensure that the building ultimately meets user needs and provides a better user experience.

[0005] Currently, the safety of personnel evacuation in buildings has also been increasingly emphasized. In the event of emergencies such as natural disasters or man-made accidents like fires and earthquakes, people need to quickly and orderly evacuate the building to avoid casualties and property losses. Therefore, it has become very important to develop a technical solution that can simulate the process of people's activities in buildings. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pedestrian and facility interaction simulation system in public buildings to solve the problems mentioned in the above background art.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a pedestrian and facility interaction simulation system in public buildings, including the following modules: A space module, used to establish a 3D model based on the CAD drawings, floor layout, and facility location information of the building, and import the 3D model into the simulation software; An information acquisition module, used to acquire the boundary coordinates of the parking areas and roaming areas in the building, the boundary coordinates of each parking point included in the parking areas, the global population distribution information of the parking areas and roaming areas; and, acquire the individual parameters of each pedestrian; the individual parameters at least include: the entry position point and entry time into the parking areas and roaming areas, the expected parking points to pass through, the exit position point and exit time expected to leave the parking areas and roaming areas; The residence time generation module generates a sequence including several stop times for each pedestrian respectively, and sequentially assigns each stop time in the sequence to each stop point that the pedestrian is expected to pass by. The stop point generation module is used to obtain each stop area, roaming area and stop points in the stop area in the building according to the 3D model; the stop points are used to simulate fixed facilities, and the stop areas and roaming areas are used to simulate regional facilities. The simulation calculation module is used to calculate the trajectory of the pedestrian when going to each stop point in the stop point list in turn by using the social force model, and generate the movement trajectory of the pedestrian.

[0008] Preferably, the residence time generation module includes: Data collection and analysis: Collect the interaction time data of pedestrians in the facilities represented by the current stop point or stop area, conduct statistical analysis, and determine the distribution characteristics of the interaction time. Probability distribution model selection: Select a suitable probability distribution model according to the data analysis results. Parameter estimation: Use the maximum likelihood estimation method to estimate the parameters of the selected distribution. Residence time sampling: Generate the residence time sequence of each pedestrian by using the probability distribution function according to the estimated parameters.

[0009] Preferably, the stop point generation module includes: According to the individual parameters of the pedestrian, determine the pedestrian information of the stop point to which each stop time belongs during the stop time, and determine the coordinates of the stop point corresponding to the stop time; sequentially insert the stop points corresponding to each stop time in the sequence into the travel route of the pedestrian to generate the stop point list of the pedestrian.

[0010] Preferably, the content of the simulation calculation module is as follows: Taking the stop point starting from the entry position point of the pedestrian, determine whether the pedestrian has reached the last stop point in the stop point list: If so, output the generated movement trajectory. Otherwise, take the next stop point of the pedestrian in the stop point list as the target, and use the attraction between the pedestrian and the target, the repulsion between the pedestrian and the obstacle, and the repulsion between pedestrians to calculate the acceleration and speed of the pedestrian; update the position coordinates of the pedestrian according to the speed of the pedestrian and the current position coordinates of the pedestrian, and when the distance between the updated position coordinates and the next stop point is within the preset distance threshold, determine that the pedestrian has reached the next stop point, take the next stop point as the current stop point and start timing, and when the timing value reaches the residence time corresponding to the current stop point, take the position coordinates of the current stop point as the current position coordinates of the pedestrian, and return to the step of determining whether the pedestrian has reached the last stop point in the stop point list.

[0011] Preferably, it further includes: An environmental information monitoring module, including a camera and information collection sensors. The camera records videos of the behaviors of pedestrians in the building in real time. The information collection sensors monitor the temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, smoke concentration, noise, and lighting in the building environment in real time, and use their own analog-to-digital conversion function to convert the monitored analog quantities into digital quantities, and then transmit the real-time data to the data management module through the communication module; An intention recognition module, which performs biometric recognition and object detection on pedestrians through the camera and information collection sensors to judge the behavior trajectories and emotions of pedestrians; A data management module, responsible for statistically recording the data transmitted by the environmental information monitoring module and the intention recognition and transaction module, sorting out the relevant information of pedestrians in the building and feeding it back to the management module; A management module, which improves the facilities in the building according to the information of pedestrians fed back by the data management module; An emergency event path planning module, which discretizes the three-dimensional model to form a topological structure based on the road network, introduces crowd behavior rules, and uses the fast shortest path algorithm to obtain the shortest path of each pedestrian on the topological structure diagram according to the current position and evacuation end point of the pedestrian.

[0012] Preferably, the information collection sensors include infrared sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, carbon dioxide sensors, smoke sensors, noise detectors, and illuminance sensors; the environmental information monitoring module has an analog-to-digital conversion function, converts the real-time environmental parameters collected by the sensors into digital quantities, and sends the information to the data management module through the communication module.

[0013] Preferably, in the path planning module, the discretization of the three-dimensional model to form a topological structure based on the road network is specifically as follows: Model simplification and segmentation. First, simplify the original three-dimensional model, which is automatically completed by the decimation algorithm, reducing the number of triangles while maintaining the overall shape of the model; then divide the three-dimensional space into uniform voxels, and each voxel represents a unit in the space; Extract the road network, identify the road features in the three-dimensional model through the edge detection algorithm; based on the identified features, extract and construct the road centerline, and use the graph matching method to accurately locate the road boundaries; Construct the topological structure. Define the nodes in the network at the road intersections, ends, and starting points. Each node represents a key decision point for path selection; define a section of road between adjacent nodes as an edge, and attach attributes such as length and traffic capacity information; form a closed or open path, and construct an acyclic topological structure.

[0014] Grid division: Based on the road network, the entire space is divided into grids to form a grid-based map, and each grid cell is associated with the nearest road; Data structuring: Organize the extracted node and edge information into a graph data structure.

[0015] Preferably, the Floyd-Warshall algorithm is selected in the path planning module, and the steps are as follows: Initialization: Create a matrix of size n×n , where represents the direct distance from vertex i to vertex j (if there is an edge, it is the weight; if there is no direct connection, it is usually set to infinity, such as INT_MAX). At the same time, the elements on the diagonal are set to 0, indicating that the distance from a vertex to itself is 0; For each vertex k in the topological structure, perform two nested loops to traverse all vertex pairs (i, j); calculate the path length from i to j through vertex k: ; if , then update , indicating that a shorter path from i to j has been found; The matrix will store the shortest path lengths between all vertex pairs; if for a pair of vertices i and j, is still the infinity value during initialization, it indicates that there is no path between the two points.

[0016] Preferably, it further includes a simulation module to simulate preset event scenarios, and the simulation results are presented through software; A display module to display in real time the parameter configuration information, real-time monitoring data, current system operating status, and executed operations during actual operation.

[0017] Preferably, the simulation module visually presents the occurrence, development, and end of the event scenario in a computer through various media forms such as two-dimensional scenes, three-dimensional scenes, images, or text.

[0018] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned pedestrian and facility interaction simulation system in a public building, and has the following beneficial effects: (1) Through the interaction between pedestrians and the building, optimization suggestions can be provided for building design; (2) By establishing a three-dimensional simulation model for the system, the simulation system becomes more vivid and intuitive; (3)For different types and levels of emergency events, the system will compare and count the specific parameter information with the data in the database module according to the actual situation, and configure the parameters for the corresponding modules. The system can complete the self-tuning and configuration of the parameters, and perform simulation according to the set status, scenario and hazard type, enhancing the versatility of the system.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is the simulation schematic diagram of pedestrians on the escalator according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is the real-time density schematic diagram of pedestrians in the simulation according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiment

[0021] Embodiment The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] Refer to Figures 1 - 3 , the present invention discloses a pedestrian and facility interaction simulation system in a public building, including the following modules: The space module is used to establish a three-dimensional model according to the CAD drawings of the building, floor layout, and facility location information, and import the three-dimensional model into the simulation software; The information acquisition module is used to acquire the boundary coordinates of the stationary area and roaming area in the building, the boundary coordinates of each stationary point included in the stationary area, and the global population distribution information of the stationary area and roaming area; and, acquire the individual parameters of each pedestrian; the individual parameters at least include: the entry position point and entry time into the stationary area and roaming area, the expected stationary points to pass through, the exit position point and exit time expected to leave the stationary area and roaming area; The residence time generation module generates a sequence including a number of residence times for each pedestrian, and sequentially assigns the residence times in the sequence to each stationary point that the pedestrian is expected to pass through.

[0023] Data collection and analysis, collect the interaction time data of pedestrians in the facilities represented by the current stationary point or stationary area, perform statistical analysis, and determine the distribution characteristics of the interaction time; Probability distribution model selection: According to the data analysis results, select a suitable probability distribution model. Parameter estimation: Use the maximum likelihood estimation method to estimate the parameters of the selected distribution. Sojourn time sampling: According to the estimated parameters, use the probability distribution function to generate the sojourn time series of each pedestrian.

[0024] The stop point generation module is used to obtain each stop area, roaming area in the building and the stop points in the stop area according to the 3D model; the stop points are used to simulate fixed facilities, and the stop areas and roaming areas are used to simulate regional facilities.

[0025] The stop point generation module includes: According to the individual parameters of the pedestrian, determine the pedestrian information of the stop point to which each sojourn time belongs during the sojourn time, and determine the coordinates of the stop point corresponding to the sojourn time; insert the stop points corresponding to each sojourn time in the sequence into the travel route of the pedestrian in turn to generate the stop point list of the pedestrian.

[0026] The simulation calculation module is used to use the social force model to calculate the trajectory of the pedestrian when going to each stop point in the stop point list in turn, and generate the movement trajectory of the pedestrian.

[0027] The simulation calculation module: Take the stop point starting from the entry position point of the pedestrian as the starting point, and judge whether the pedestrian reaches the last stop point in the stop point list: If so, output the generated movement trajectory; otherwise, take the next stop point in the stop point list of the pedestrian as the target, and use the attraction between the pedestrian and the target, the repulsion between the pedestrian and the obstacle, and the repulsion between the pedestrian and the pedestrian to calculate the acceleration and speed of the pedestrian; according to the speed of the pedestrian and the current position coordinates of the pedestrian, update the position coordinates of the pedestrian, and when the distance between the updated position coordinates and the next stop point is within the preset distance threshold, determine that the pedestrian reaches the next stop point, take the next stop point as the current stop point and start timing, when the timing value reaches the sojourn time corresponding to the current stop point, take the position coordinates of the current stop point as the current position coordinates of the pedestrian, and return to the step of judging whether the pedestrian reaches the last stop point in the stop point list.

[0028] It also includes: The environmental information monitoring module includes a camera and information collection sensors. The camera records the behavior of pedestrians in the building in real time as a video, and the information collection sensors monitor the temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, smoke concentration, noise and lighting of the building environment in real time, and use their own analog-to-digital conversion function to convert the monitored analog quantity into a digital quantity, and then transmit the real-time data to the data management module through the communication module. The intention recognition module performs biometric recognition and object detection on pedestrians through cameras and information collection sensors, and judges the behavior trajectories and emotions of pedestrians. The data management module is responsible for counting and recording the data transmitted by the environmental information monitoring module and the intention recognition and transaction module, sorting out the relevant information of pedestrians in the building and feeding it back to the management module. The management module improves the facilities in the building according to the information of pedestrians fed back by the data management module. The emergency event path planning module discretizes the three-dimensional model to form a topological structure based on the road network, introduces crowd behavior rules, and uses the fast shortest path algorithm to obtain the shortest path of each pedestrian on the topological structure diagram according to the current position and evacuation end point of the pedestrian.

[0029] The information collection sensors include infrared sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, carbon dioxide sensors, smoke sensors, noise detectors and illuminance sensors; the environmental information monitoring module has an analog-to-digital conversion function, converts the real-time environmental parameters collected by the sensors into digital quantities, and sends the information to the data management module through the communication module.

[0030] In the path planning module, the discretization of the three-dimensional model to form a topological structure based on the road network is as follows: Model simplification and segmentation. First, simplify the original three-dimensional model, which is automatically completed by the face reduction algorithm, reducing the number of triangles while maintaining the overall shape of the model; then divide the three-dimensional space into uniform voxels, and each voxel represents a unit in the space. Extract the road network, identify the road features in the three-dimensional model through the edge detection algorithm; based on the identified features, extract and construct the road center line, and use the graphic matching method to accurately locate the road boundary. Construct the topological structure. Define the nodes in the network at the road intersections, endpoints, and starting points. Each node represents a key decision point for path selection; define a section of road between adjacent nodes as an edge, and attach attributes such as length and traffic capacity information; form a closed or open path to construct an acyclic topological structure.

[0031] Grid division. Based on the road network, divide the entire space into grids to form a grid map, and each grid cell is associated with the nearest road. Data structuring. Organize the extracted node and edge information into a graph data structure.

[0032] The Floyd-Warshall algorithm is selected in the path planning module, and the steps are as follows: Initialization, create a matrix of size n×n , where Denote the direct distance from vertex i to vertex j (if there is an edge, it is the weight; if there is no direct connection, it is usually set to infinity, such as INT_MAX). At the same time, the elements on the diagonal are set to 0, indicating that the distance from a vertex to itself is 0; For each vertex k in the topological structure, perform two nested loops to traverse all vertex pairs (i, j); calculate the path length from i to j through vertex k: ; If , then update , indicating that a shorter path from i to j has been found; The matrix will store the shortest path lengths between all vertex pairs; if for a pair of vertices i and j, is still the infinity value during initialization, it indicates that there is no path between the two points.

[0033] It also includes a simulation module that simulates preset event scenarios, and the simulation results are presented through software; the simulation module visually displays the occurrence, development, and end of the event scenarios in the software on the computer in various media forms such as two-dimensional scenes, three-dimensional scenes, images, or texts.

[0034] A display module that displays the parameter configuration information during actual operation, real-time monitoring data, the running state of the current system, and the executed operations in real time. It allows users to define various types of emergency events according to needs, such as fires, earthquakes, etc. This includes determining parameters such as the starting position, intensity (such as the fire spread speed, earthquake magnitude), and influence range of the event.

[0035] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned pedestrian and facility interaction simulation system in public buildings, which can provide optimization suggestions for building design, improve the user experience, and greatly enhance the safety of users in emergency situations.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify or equivalently replace the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pedestrian and facility interaction simulation system in a public building, characterized in that, It includes the following modules: A space module, which is used to establish a 3D model according to the CAD drawings, floor layout, and facility location information of a building, and import the 3D model into simulation software; An information acquisition module, which is used to acquire the boundary coordinates of the parking areas and roaming areas in the building, the boundary coordinates of each parking point included in the parking areas, and the global population distribution information of the parking areas and roaming areas; And acquire the individual parameters of each pedestrian; The individual parameters at least include: the entry position point and entry time for entering the parking areas and roaming areas, the expected parking points to pass through, the exit position point and exit time for expectedly leaving the parking areas and roaming areas; A residence time generation module, which respectively generates a sequence including several residence times for each pedestrian, and sequentially assigns each residence time in the sequence to each parking point that the pedestrian expects to pass through; A parking point generation module, which is used to obtain each parking area, roaming area, and parking point in the building according to the 3D model; the parking points are used to simulate fixed facilities, and the parking areas and roaming areas are used to simulate regional facilities; A simulation calculation module, which is used to use the social force model to calculate the trajectory of the pedestrian when going to each parking point in the parking point list in sequence, and generate the movement trajectory of the pedestrian.

2. The pedestrian and facility interaction simulation system in a public building according to claim 1, characterized in that The residence time generation module includes: Data collection and analysis, collecting the interaction time data of pedestrians in the facilities represented by the current parking point or parking area, performing statistical analysis, and determining the distribution characteristics of the interaction time; Probability distribution model selection, selecting a suitable probability distribution model according to the data analysis results; Parameter estimation, using the maximum likelihood estimation method to estimate the parameters of the selected distribution; Residence time sampling, generating the residence time sequence of each pedestrian using the probability distribution function according to the estimated parameters.

3. The pedestrian and facility interaction simulation system in a public building according to claim 2, wherein The parking point generation module includes: According to the individual parameters of the pedestrian, determine the pedestrian information at the parking point to which each residence time belongs during the residence time, and determine the coordinates of the parking point corresponding to the residence time; sequentially insert the parking points corresponding to each residence time in the sequence into the travel route of the pedestrian to generate the parking point list of the pedestrian.

4. A pedestrian and facility interaction simulation system in a public building according to claim 3, characterized in that, The content of the simulation calculation module is as follows: Taking the parking point starting from the entry position point of the pedestrian, determine whether the pedestrian has reached the last parking point in the parking point list: If so, output the generated movement trajectory; Otherwise, take the next parking point in the parking point list of the pedestrian as the target, and use the attraction between the pedestrian and the target, the repulsion between the pedestrian and the obstacle, and the repulsion between pedestrians to calculate the acceleration and speed of the pedestrian; According to the speed of the pedestrian and the current position coordinates of the pedestrian, update the position coordinates of the pedestrian, and when the distance between the updated position coordinates and the next parking point is within the preset distance threshold, determine that the pedestrian has reached the next parking point, take the next parking point as the current parking point and start timing, and when the timing value reaches the residence time corresponding to the current parking point, take the position coordinates of the current parking point as the current position coordinates of the pedestrian, and return to the step of determining whether the pedestrian has reached the last parking point in the parking point list.

5. The pedestrian and facility interaction simulation system in a public building according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes: The environmental information monitoring module includes a camera and information collection sensors. The camera records videos of the behaviors of pedestrians in the building in real time. The information collection sensors monitor the temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, smoke concentration, noise, and lighting in the building environment in real time, and use their own analog-to-digital conversion function to convert the monitored analog quantities into digital quantities, and then transmit the real-time data to the data management module through the communication module; The intention recognition module performs biometric recognition and object detection on pedestrians through the camera and information collection sensors to judge the behavior trajectories and emotions of pedestrians; The data management module is responsible for counting and recording the data transmitted by the environmental information monitoring module and the intention recognition and transaction module, sorting out the relevant information of pedestrians in the building and feeding it back to the management module; The management module improves the facilities in the building according to the information of pedestrians fed back by the data management module; The emergency event path planning module discretizes the three-dimensional model to form a topological structure based on the road network, introduces crowd behavior rules, and uses the fast shortest path algorithm to obtain the shortest path of each pedestrian on the topological structure diagram according to the current position and evacuation end point of the pedestrian.

6. The pedestrian and facility interaction simulation system in a public building according to claim 5, wherein: The information collection sensors include infrared sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, carbon dioxide sensors, smoke sensors, noise detectors, and illuminance sensors; the environmental information monitoring module has an analog-to-digital conversion function, converts the real-time environmental parameters collected by the sensors into digital quantities, and sends the information to the data management module through the communication module.

7. The pedestrian and facility interaction simulation system in a public building according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the emergency event path planning module, the discretization of the three-dimensional model to form a topological structure based on the road network is as follows: Model simplification and segmentation. First, simplify the original three-dimensional model, which is automatically completed by the decimation algorithm, reducing the number of triangles while maintaining the overall shape of the model; then divide the three-dimensional space into uniform voxels, and each voxel represents a unit in the space; Extract the road network. Identify the road features in the three-dimensional model through the edge detection algorithm; based on the identified features, extract and construct the road center line, and use the graph matching method to accurately locate the road boundaries; Construct the topological structure. Define the nodes in the network at the road intersections, endpoints, and starting points. Each node represents a key decision point for path selection; define a section of road between adjacent nodes as an edge, and attach attributes such as length and traffic capacity information; form closed or open paths to construct an acyclic topological structure; Grid division. On the basis of the road network, divide the entire space into grids to form a grid map, and each grid cell is associated with the nearest road; Data structuring. Organize the extracted node and edge information into a graph data structure.

8. A pedestrian and facility interaction simulation system in a public building according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the emergency event path planning module, the Floyd-Warshall algorithm is selected, and the steps are as follows: Initialize and create a matrix of size n×n , where represents the direct distance from vertex i to vertex j. At the same time, the elements on the diagonal are set to 0, indicating that the distance from a vertex to itself is 0; For each vertex k in the topological structure, perform two nested loops to traverse all vertex pairs (i, j); Calculate the path length from i to j through vertex k: ; If , then update , indicating that a shorter path from i to j has been found; The matrix will store the shortest path lengths between all pairs of vertices; if for a pair of vertices i and j, it is still the infinite value at initialization, it indicates that there is no path between the two points.

9. The pedestrian and facility interaction simulation system in a public building according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a simulation module that simulates the preset event scenarios, and the simulation results are presented through software; The display module displays in real time the parameter configuration information, real-time monitoring data, the running status of the current system, and the executed operations during actual operation.

10. The pedestrian and facility interaction simulation system in a public building according to claim 9, characterized in that: The simulation module visually presents the occurrence, development, and end of the event scenario in a computer through various media forms such as two-dimensional scenes, three-dimensional scenes, images, or texts.

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