Permanent magnet synchronous motor with self-adaptive heat dissipation structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnet synchronous motors, in particular to a permanent magnet synchronous motor with a self-adaptive heat dissipation structure, which comprises a shell, a main shell and an air inlet pipe are fixedly mounted at the front end and the rear end of the shell through connecting rods respectively, and a movable shell is rotatably connected between the main shell and the air inlet pipe. A plurality of first groove holes are circumferentially formed in the outer wall of the side, close to the movable shell, of the main shell at equal intervals, second groove holes are formed in the outer wall of the side, close to the main shell, of the movable shell, a driving motor is fixedly installed in an inner cavity of the shell, and a conical table body is fixedly installed at the output end of the driving motor; a limiting rod is rotationally connected into an inner cavity of the shell, a gear is welded to the peripheral wall of the limiting rod, and a gear ring is fixedly arranged on the peripheral wall of the air inlet end of the movable shell in a sleeving mode. And the cooling effect on an abnormal high-temperature area is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnet synchronous motors, and particularly to a permanent magnet synchronous motor with an adaptive heat dissipation structure. Background Technique

[0002] The permanent magnet synchronous motor is an efficient motor excited by permanent magnets and is widely used in many fields such as industry, transportation, and household appliances. It mainly consists of two parts: a stator and a rotor. When alternating current is passed through the three-phase windings on the stator, a rotating magnetic field is generated, and the rotor relies on the embedded permanent magnets to rotate synchronously with the stator magnetic field, thereby realizing the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy. The permanent magnet synchronous motor has many remarkable advantages and performs well in scenarios with high power density requirements such as electric vehicles and robots. At the same time, it also has the characteristics of high torque density, small volume, and light weight, and is very suitable for equipment that requires lightweight design. In terms of control, combined with vector control technology, it can achieve high-precision speed regulation and fast dynamic response, and can well meet various complex control requirements. Most of the existing heat dissipation structures of permanent magnet synchronous motors perform heat dissipation operations on the whole inside. A high heat dissipation type permanent magnet synchronous motor is disclosed in the publication number CN109067088B. This device uses a cooling fan to perform heat dissipation operations on the whole device during use. However, in the case of abnormally high temperatures in a single stator winding of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, the current heat dissipation structure cannot achieve adaptive adjustment to effectively dissipate heat from these abnormally high temperature areas. Therefore, in the face of such emergencies, the heat dissipation effect of the current heat dissipation structure needs to be improved; for this reason, the present invention provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor with an adaptive heat dissipation structure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet synchronous motor with an adaptive heat dissipation structure to solve the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a permanent magnet synchronous motor with an adaptive heat dissipation structure, including a housing. The front and rear ends of the housing are respectively fixedly installed with a main housing and an intake pipe through connecting rods. A permanent magnet synchronous motor main body is installed in the inner cavity of the main housing. An activity housing is rotatably connected between the main housing and the intake pipe. A number of first slot holes are evenly circumferentially formed on the outer wall of the main housing close to the activity housing. A second slot hole is formed on the outer wall of the activity housing close to the main housing. A drive motor is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the housing. A conical frustum is fixedly installed at the output end of the drive motor. A limiting rod is rotatably connected in the inner cavity of the housing. A gear is welded on the outer peripheral wall of the limiting rod. A toothed ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the intake end of the activity housing. A chain is wound between the gear and the toothed ring. A number of elastic telescopic rods are fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the activity housing. A convex tooth ring is fixedly installed between the telescopic ends of the number of elastic telescopic rods. A speed change wheel that abuts against the outer surface of the conical frustum is slidably arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the limiting rod. A linkage ring is rotatably connected between the two side walls at both ends of the speed change wheel, and the side of the linkage ring away from the speed change wheel is rotatably connected to the outer circular surface of the convex tooth ring. An external cooling air duct conveys cooling air flow into the intake pipe, and the cooling air flow enters the inner cavity of the activity housing through the intake pipe. At the same time, the set drive motor drives the conical frustum to rotate, the set conical frustum drives the speed change wheel, the limiting rod and the gear to rotate, and the set gear drives the chain, the toothed ring and the activity housing to rotate, so that the second slot hole on the side wall of the activity housing is intermittently aligned with the first slot holes on the side wall of the main housing, and then the cooling air flow sequentially passes through the second slot hole and the first slot hole and enters the inner cavity of the main housing, thereby realizing the sequential heat dissipation of a number of stator windings distributed around in the permanent magnet synchronous motor main body.

[0005] Preferably, a number of air outlet slot holes are evenly circumferentially formed on the outer wall of the main housing away from the activity housing. The air flow carrying the heat of the stator winding is discharged from the inner cavity of the main housing through the air outlet slot holes, so as to carry out heat dissipation operation on the permanent magnet synchronous motor main body.

[0006] Preferably, both side walls at the two ends of the convex teeth of the convex tooth ring are inclined surfaces.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of first pipes are circumferentially and communicatively connected to the outer wall of the main housing on the side away from the movable housing at equal intervals. One end of each first pipe away from the side wall of the main housing is communicatively connected to a first sleeve, and a plurality of first sleeves are fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the main housing. A telescopic airbag is arranged inside each first sleeve, a slide plate is slidably arranged inside each first sleeve, a first slide rod is welded to one side of each slide plate away from the corresponding telescopic airbag, a slot three is formed in the outer peripheral wall of each first slide rod, a plurality of second sleeves are fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the main housing at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, a second pipe and a third pipe are communicatively connected to the top of each second sleeve, and a plurality of first slide rods are respectively slidably connected to the corresponding second pipe and third pipe. One side of each third pipe away from the corresponding second sleeve is communicatively connected to an intake pipe. One-way valves one are installed on the bodies of a plurality of third pipes. A piston plate is slidably arranged in the inner cavity of each second sleeve, a second slide rod is welded to the side wall of each piston plate, and a push block is welded to one side of each second slide rod away from the corresponding piston plate. When an abnormal high temperature occurs in a certain stator winding in the permanent magnet synchronous motor body, the airflow for heat dissipation will carry more heat into the first pipe corresponding to the abnormally high temperature area. At this time, the telescopic airbag inside the first pipe expands due to heat, and the arranged telescopic airbag pushes the slide plate and the first slide rod to slide, so that the slot three formed in the first slide rod is displaced from the second pipe into the third pipe; when the slot two is staggered from the slot one, the airflow in the intake pipe will sequentially pass through the third pipe and the one-way valve one and enter the second sleeve. As the air pressure continuously increases, the piston plate drives the push block to slide towards the movable housing through the second slide rod; when the convex tooth of the convex tooth ring contacts the displaced push block, since the side walls at both ends of the convex tooth of the convex tooth ring are inclined surfaces, the arranged push block will push the convex tooth ring to move away from the main housing, and the arranged convex tooth ring pushes the linkage ring and the speed change wheel to move, so that the speed change wheel moves towards the low-speed end of the conical frustum, so as to realize the deceleration of the speed change wheel, and further realize the deceleration of the limit rod, the gear, the toothed ring and the movable housing; as the rotation speed of the movable housing decreases, the speed at which the slot two on its side wall passes over the slot one corresponding to the locally high temperature area also decreases, thereby prolonging the cooling time of the cooling airflow for the abnormally high temperature area.

[0008] Preferably, vertical plates I are welded to the inner peripheral walls of several of the first sleeves, and several of the first sliding rods are respectively slidably arranged on the side walls of the corresponding vertical plates I. Return springs I are wound around the outer peripheral walls of several of the first sliding rods. Vertical plates II are welded to the inner peripheral walls of several of the second sleeves, and several of the second sliding rods are respectively slidably arranged on the side walls of the corresponding vertical plates II. Return springs II are wound around the outer peripheral walls of several of the second sliding rods. When the temperature returns to the normal value, the provided expansion airbag contracts. The first sliding rod is reset to the initial state under the action of the return spring I. The slot III opened on the first sliding rod is reset from the third pipe into the second pipe. The high-pressure gas retained in the second sleeve is discharged through the second pipe. The provided piston plate is reset under the action of the spring II. Among them, since a one-way valve I is provided on the third pipe, the high-pressure gas retained in the second sleeve cannot re-enter the intake pipe through the third pipe.

[0009] Preferably, a support rod is welded to the outer wall of one side of the main housing close to the movable housing, and a dust filter screen is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the support rod away from the main housing.

[0010] Preferably, a vertical plate III is welded to the inner peripheral wall of the intake pipe of the movable housing. Several sliding rods III are welded to the side wall of the vertical plate III. An installation shell is welded between the sides of several of the sliding rods III away from the vertical plate III. A sliding rod IV is slidably arranged on the side wall of the installation shell. A mounting plate IV is welded to the side of the sliding rod IV located in the inner cavity of the installation shell. A return spring IV is wound around the outer peripheral wall of the sliding rod IV, and the return spring IV is connected between the mounting plate IV and the side wall of the inner cavity of the installation shell. A cleaning plate is welded to the side of the sliding rod IV away from the installation shell. Several sliding rods V are equidistantly and circumferentially slidably arranged on the outer wall of one side of the installation shell close to the cleaning plate, and the sides of several of the sliding rods V away from the installation shell are all abutted against the side wall of the cleaning plate. Mounting plates V are welded to the sides of several of the sliding rods V located in the inner cavity of the installation shell. Return springs V are wound around the outer peripheral walls of several of the sliding rods V, and several of the return springs V are respectively connected between the corresponding mounting plates V and the side wall of the inner cavity of the installation shell. During the rotation of the movable housing, the provided movable housing drives the vertical plate III, the sliding rods III, the installation shell, the sliding rod IV and the cleaning plate to rotate. Since the dust filter screen is fixedly connected to the main housing through the support rod, when the cleaning plate rotates following the movable housing, a relative rotational movement will occur between the cleaning plate and the dust filter screen. At this time, the bristles on the surface of the cleaning plate can clean the dust adhered to the dust filter screen, preventing the dust from blocking the dust filter screen and thus reducing the cooling effect of the device.

[0011] Preferably, a dust removal hole is opened on the pipe wall of the intake pipe. When the slot II and the slot I are in a staggered state, the airflow will carry the swept dust through the dust removal hole into the external discharge pipe, realizing the automatic discharge of the dust.

[0012] The present invention provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor with an adaptive heat dissipation structure through improvement. Compared with the prior art, the following improvements and advantages are achieved: 1. As the rotation speed of the movable housing decreases, the speed at which the slot two on its side wall passes over the corresponding slot one at the locally high-temperature area also decreases, thereby extending the cooling time of the cooling air flow to the abnormally high-temperature area; this device improves the cooling effect on the abnormally high-temperature area by adaptively adjusting the rotation speed of the movable housing and extending its cooling time to the abnormally high-temperature area; 2. When the slot two and the slot one are in a staggered state, the air flow will carry the swept dust through the dust removal hole into the external discharge pipe, realizing the automatic discharge of dust, thereby avoiding the accumulation of dust in the intake pipe and affecting the filtering effect of the dust filter net; 3. As the rotation speed decreases, the centrifugal force received by the sliding rod five gradually decreases. Under the action of the return spring five, the sliding rod five contracts towards the inside of the installation housing. The provided cleaning plate moves towards the dust filter net under the action of the return spring four, making the bristles on the surface of the cleaning plate closely adhere to the dust filter net, thereby enhancing the cleaning effect of the cleaning plate on the dust filter net in case of high-temperature abnormality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the main housing of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the intake pipe structure of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the slot one structure of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the slot two structure of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the inner cavity structure of the main housing of the present invention; Figure 7 is the present invention Figure 6 magnified schematic diagram of the structure of part A; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the convex tooth ring structure of the present invention; Figure 9 is the present invention Figure 8 magnified schematic diagram of the structure of part B; Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the conical frustum and variable speed wheel structure of the present invention; Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the push block and convex tooth ring structure of the present invention; Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the convex tooth ring and linkage ring structure of the present invention; Figure 13 It is a schematic structural diagram of the linkage ring and speed change wheel of the present invention; Figure 14 It is a schematic structural diagram of the dust filter net of the present invention; Figure 15 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cleaning plate of the present invention; Figure 16 It is the present invention Figure 15 A schematic enlarged view of the structure of part C.

[0014] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Outer shell; 2. Main housing; 3. Intake pipe; 4. Movable housing; 5. First slot hole; 6. Second slot hole; 7. Driving motor; 8. Conical frustum; 9. Limiting rod; 10. Gear; 11. Tooth ring; 12. Chain; 13. Elastic telescopic rod; 14. Convex tooth ring; 15. Speed change wheel; 16. Linkage ring; 17. Air outlet slot hole; 18. First pipe; 19. First sleeve; 20. Telescopic airbag; 21. Slide plate; 22. First slide rod; 23. Third slot hole; 24. Second sleeve; 25. Second pipe; 26. Third pipe; 27. First one-way valve; 28. Piston plate; 29. Second slide rod; 30. Push block; 31. First vertical plate; 32. First return spring; 33. Second vertical plate; 34. Second return spring; 35. Support rod; 36. Dust filter net; 37. Third vertical plate; 38. Third slide rod; 39. Installation shell; 40. Fourth slide rod; 41. Fourth installation plate; 42. Fourth return spring; 43. Cleaning plate; 44. Fifth slide rod; 45. Fifth installation plate; 46. Fifth return spring; 47. Dust removal hole; 48. Permanent magnet synchronous motor main body. Detailed implementation manners

[0015] The present invention will be described in detail below. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0016] The present invention provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor with an adaptive heat dissipation structure through improvement. The technical solution of the present invention is: As Figures 1 - 16As shown in the figure, a permanent magnet synchronous motor with an adaptive heat dissipation structure includes a housing 1. The front and rear ends of the housing 1 are respectively fixedly installed with a main housing 2 and an air inlet pipe 3 through connecting rods. A permanent magnet synchronous motor main body 48 is installed in the inner cavity of the main housing 2. Dust removal holes 47 are formed in the pipe wall of the air inlet pipe 3. Before use, an external cooling air duct is connected to the air inlet pipe 3, and an external discharge pipe is connected to the dust removal holes 47. A movable housing 4 is rotatably connected between the main housing 2 and the air inlet pipe 3. A number of first slot holes 5 are equidistantly and circumferentially formed on the outer wall of the main housing 2 close to the movable housing 4. A second slot hole 6 is formed on the outer wall of the movable housing 4 close to the main housing 2. A driving motor 7 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the housing 1. A conical frustum 8 is fixedly installed at the output end of the driving motor 7. A limiting rod 9 is rotatably connected in the inner cavity of the housing 1. A gear 10 is welded on the outer peripheral wall of the limiting rod 9. A toothed ring 11 is fixedly sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the air inlet end of the movable housing 4. A chain 12 is wound between the gear 10 and the toothed ring 11. A number of elastic telescopic rods 13 are fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the movable housing 4. A convex tooth ring 14 is fixedly installed between the telescopic ends of the number of elastic telescopic rods 13. A speed change wheel 15 that abuts against the outer surface of the conical frustum 8 is slidably arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the limiting rod 9. A linkage ring 16 is rotatably connected between the two side walls at both ends of the speed change wheel 15, and the side of the linkage ring 16 away from the speed change wheel 15 is rotatably connected to the outer circular surface of the convex tooth ring 14. During use, the external cooling air duct conveys cooling air flow into the air inlet pipe 3, and the cooling air flow enters the inner cavity of the movable housing 4 through the air inlet pipe 3. At the same time, the set driving motor 7 drives the conical frustum 8 to rotate, the set conical frustum 8 drives the speed change wheel 15, the limiting rod 9 and the gear 10 to rotate, and the set gear 10 drives the chain 12, the toothed ring 11 and the movable housing 4 to rotate, so that the second slot hole 6 on the side wall of the movable housing 4 is intermittently aligned with the first slot hole 5 on the side wall of the main housing 2, and then the cooling air flow sequentially passes through the second slot hole 6 and the first slot hole 5 and enters the inner cavity of the main housing 2, thereby realizing the sequential heat dissipation of a number of stator windings distributed around in the permanent magnet synchronous motor main body 48.

[0017] Furthermore, a plurality of air outlet slots 17 are provided on the outer wall of the side of the main shell 2 away from the movable shell 4 at equal intervals. A plurality of pipes 18 are connected to the outer wall of the side of the main shell 2 away from the movable shell 4 at equal intervals. Each pipe 18 is connected to a sleeve 19 at one end away from the side wall of the main shell 2, and a plurality of sleeves 19 are fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the main shell 2. A telescopic airbag 20 is provided inside each sleeve 19. A slide 21 is slidably provided inside each sleeve 19. A slide bar 22 is welded to the side of each slide bar 21 away from the corresponding telescopic airbag 20. A slot three 23 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of each slide bar 22. A plurality of air outlet slots 17 are fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the main shell 2 at equal intervals. There are a plurality of sleeves 24, and the top of each sleeve 24 is connected to a pipe 25 and a pipe 3 26, and a number of slide bars 1 22 are slidably connected to the corresponding pipe 25 and pipe 3 26, and a number of pipes 3 26 are connected to the air inlet pipe 3 on the side away from the corresponding sleeve 24. A part of the airflow carrying the heat of the stator winding enters the pipe 1 18, and the other part is discharged from the inner cavity of the main shell 2 through the air outlet slot 17, so as to dissipate heat for the permanent magnet synchronous motor body 48; when a stator winding in the permanent magnet synchronous motor body 48 has an abnormally high temperature, the airflow for heat dissipation will carry more heat into the pipe 1 18 corresponding to the abnormally high temperature. At this time, the telescopic airbag 2 inside the pipe 18 0 expands due to heat, and the telescopic airbag 20 pushes the slide plate 21 and the slide bar 1 22 to slide, so that the slot hole 3 23 provided on the slide bar 1 22 moves from the pipe 2 25 to the pipe 3 26; a check valve 1 27 is installed on the pipe body of several pipes 3 26, and a piston plate 28 is slidably provided in the inner cavity of each sleeve 24, and a slide bar 29 is welded to the side wall of each piston plate 28, and a push block 30 is welded on the side of each slide bar 29 away from the corresponding piston plate 28. When the slot hole 26 is staggered with the slot hole 1 5, the air flow in the intake pipe 3 will pass through the pipe 3 26 and the check valve 1 27 in turn and enter the sleeve 2 24. As the air pressure continues to rise, the piston plate 28 drives the push block 30 to move toward the active cavity through the slide bar 29. The movable housing 4 slides in the direction of the convex teeth of the convex tooth ring 14; the side walls at both ends of the convex teeth of the convex tooth ring 14 are inclined surfaces. When the convex teeth of the convex tooth ring 14 contact the displaced push block 30, the set push block 30 will push the convex tooth ring 14 to move away from the main housing 2, and the set convex tooth ring 14 pushes the linkage ring 16 and the speed change wheel 15 to move, so that the speed change wheel 15 moves toward the low-speed end of the conical platform 8, thereby achieving the deceleration of the speed change wheel 15, and then achieving the deceleration of the limit rod 9, gear 10, gear ring 11 and movable housing 4; as the rotation speed of the movable housing 4 decreases, the speed at which the slot hole 2 6 on its side wall passes over the slot hole 1 5 corresponding to the local high temperature area also decreases, thereby extending the cooling time of the cooling airflow to the abnormally high temperature area.

[0018] Further, vertical plates 31 are welded to the inner peripheral walls of a plurality of sleeves 19, and a plurality of first slide rods 22 are respectively slidably arranged on the side walls of the corresponding vertical plates 31. A first return spring 32 is wound around the outer peripheral walls of the plurality of first slide rods 22. Vertical plates 33 are welded to the inner peripheral walls of a plurality of sleeves 24, and a plurality of second slide rods 29 are respectively slidably arranged on the side walls of the corresponding vertical plates 33. A second return spring 34 is wound around the outer peripheral walls of the plurality of second slide rods 29. When the temperature returns to the normal value, the provided expansion airbag 20 contracts, and the first slide rod 22 returns to the initial state under the action of the first return spring 32. The slot 23 formed in the first slide rod 22 returns from the third pipe 26 to the second pipe 25. The high-pressure gas remaining in the sleeve 24 is discharged through the second pipe 25, and the provided piston plate 28 returns under the action of the second spring. Among them, since a one-way valve 27 is provided on the third pipe 26, the high-pressure gas remaining in the sleeve 24 cannot re-enter the intake pipe 3 through the third pipe 26.

[0019] Further, a support rod 35 is welded to the outer wall of one side of the main housing 2 close to the movable housing 4. A dust filter net 36 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the support rod 35 away from the main housing 2. A vertical plate 37 is welded to the inner peripheral wall of the intake pipe 3 of the movable housing 4. A plurality of third slide rods 38 are welded to the side wall of the vertical plate 37. An installation shell 39 is welded between the sides of the plurality of third slide rods 38 away from the vertical plate 37. A fourth slide rod 40 is slidably arranged on the side wall of the installation shell 39. A fourth installation plate 41 is welded to the side of the fourth slide rod 40 located in the inner cavity of the installation shell 39. A fourth return spring 42 is wound around the outer peripheral wall of the fourth slide rod 40, and the fourth return spring 42 is connected between the fourth installation plate 41 and the side wall of the inner cavity of the installation shell 39. A cleaning plate 43 is welded to the side of the fourth slide rod 40 away from the installation shell 39. A plurality of fifth slide rods 44 are slidably arranged on the outer wall of one side of the installation shell 39 close to the cleaning plate 43 at equal intervals in a circumferential manner, and the sides of the plurality of fifth slide rods 44 away from the installation shell 39 are all abutted against the side wall of the cleaning plate 43. A fifth installation plate 45 is welded to the side of the plurality of fifth slide rods 44 located in the inner cavity of the installation shell 39. A fifth return spring 46 is wound around the outer peripheral walls of the plurality of fifth slide rods 44, and the plurality of fifth return springs 46 are respectively connected between the corresponding fifth installation plates 45 and the side wall of the inner cavity of the installation shell 39. During the rotation of the movable housing 4, the provided movable housing 4 drives the vertical plate 37, the third slide rods 38, the installation shell 39, the fourth slide rod 40 and the cleaning plate 43 to rotate. Since the dust filter net 36 is fixedly connected to the main housing 2 through the support rod 35, a relative rotational movement occurs between the cleaning plate 43 and the dust filter net 36 when the cleaning plate 43 rotates following the movable housing 4. At this time, the bristles on the surface of the cleaning plate 43 can clean the dust adhered to the dust filter net 36, preventing the dust from blocking the dust filter net 36 and thus reducing the cooling effect of the device.

[0020] Working principle: Before use, connect the external cooling air duct to the air inlet pipe 3 and connect the external discharge pipe to the dust removal hole 47. During use, the external cooling air duct conveys cooling air flow into the air inlet pipe 3, and the cooling air flow enters the inner cavity of the movable housing 4 through the air inlet pipe 3. At the same time, the set driving motor 7 drives the conical frustum 8 to rotate, the set conical frustum 8 drives the variable speed wheel 15, the limit rod 9 and the gear 10 to rotate, the set gear 10 drives the chain 12, the gear ring 11 and the movable housing 4 to rotate, so that the slot hole two 6 on the side wall of the movable housing 4 is intermittently aligned with the slot hole one 5 on the side wall of the main housing 2, and then the cooling air flow sequentially passes through the slot hole two 6 and the slot hole one 5 and enters the inner cavity of the main housing 2, thereby realizing the sequential heat dissipation of a plurality of stator windings distributed around in the permanent magnet synchronous motor main body 48. Subsequently, a part of the air flow carrying the heat of the stator windings enters the pipe one 18, and the other part is discharged from the inner cavity of the main housing 2 through the air outlet slot hole 17, so as to carry out heat dissipation operation on the permanent magnet synchronous motor main body 48. When a stator winding in the permanent magnet synchronous motor body 48 reaches an abnormally high temperature, the airflow for heat dissipation will carry more heat into the pipe 18 corresponding to the abnormally high temperature. At this time, the telescopic airbag 20 inside the pipe 18 expands due to the heat, and the telescopic airbag 20 pushes the slide plate 21 and the slide bar 1 22 to slide, so that the slot hole 3 23 on the slide bar 1 22 moves from the pipe 2 25 to the pipe 3 26; when the slot hole 26 is staggered with the slot hole 15, the airflow in the intake pipe 3 will pass through the pipe 3 26 and the slide bar 1 22 in sequence. The one-way valve 1 27 enters the sleeve 2 24. As the air pressure continues to rise, the piston plate 28 drives the push block 30 to slide toward the movable housing 4 through the slide rod 2 29. At this time, when the convex teeth of the convex toothed ring 14 come into contact with the displaced push block 30, since the side walls of the convex teeth of the convex toothed ring 14 at both ends are inclined, the push block 30 will push the convex toothed ring 14 to move away from the main housing 2. The convex toothed ring 14 pushes the linkage ring 16 and the speed change wheel 15 to move, so that the speed change wheel 15 moves toward the low-speed end of the conical platform 8. The movable housing 4 is moved to decelerate the speed change wheel 15, thereby decelerating the limit rod 9, the gear 10, the ring gear 11 and the movable housing 4. As the rotation speed of the movable housing 4 decreases, the speed at which the slot 2 6 on its side wall passes over the slot 1 5 corresponding to the local high temperature area also decreases, thereby extending the cooling time of the cooling airflow to the abnormally high temperature area. This device extends its cooling time to the abnormally high temperature area by adaptively adjusting the rotation speed of the movable housing 4, thereby improving its cooling effect on the abnormally high temperature area. When the temperature returns to normal, the telescopic airbag 20 is contracted, and the slide bar 1 22 is reset to its initial state under the action of the reset spring 1 32. The slot 3 23 on the slide bar 1 22 is reset from the pipe 3 26 to the pipe 2 25. The high-pressure gas retained in the sleeve 2 24 is discharged through the pipe 2 25, and the piston plate 28 is reset under the action of the spring 2. Since the one-way valve 1 27 is provided on the pipe 3 26, the high-pressure gas retained in the sleeve 2 24 cannot re-enter the intake pipe 3 through the pipe 3 26. In addition, during the rotation of the movable housing 4, the provided movable housing 4 drives the vertical plate three 37, the slide bar three 38, the mounting housing 39, the slide bar four 40 and the cleaning plate 43 to rotate; since the dust filter screen 36 is fixedly connected to the main housing 2 through the support rod 35, when the cleaning plate 43 rotates following the movable housing 4, a relative rotational movement will occur between the cleaning plate 43 and the dust filter screen 36; at this time, the bristles on the surface of the cleaning plate 43 can clean the dust adhering to the dust filter screen 36, avoiding dust clogging the dust filter screen 36 and thus reducing the cooling effect of the device; when the second slot 6 and the first slot 5 are in a staggered state, the airflow will carry the swept dust through the dust removal hole 47 into the external discharge pipe, realizing the automatic discharge of dust, and thus avoiding dust accumulation in the intake pipe 3 and affecting the filtering effect of the dust filter screen 36; it should be noted that since the opening pressure of the one-way discharge valve on the external discharge pipe is greater than the opening pressure of the first one-way valve 27 on the pipe three 26, when the pipe three 26 communicates with the sleeve two 24, the airflow will preferentially enter the sleeve two 24, and when the air pressure in the sleeve two 24 reaches the threshold value, the airflow will enter the external discharge pipe through the dust removal hole 47; when an abnormally high temperature area appears, the provided movable housing 4 will adaptively decelerate, and at the same time, the provided slide bar five 44 will also decelerate following the movable housing 4; as the rotational speed decreases, the centrifugal force received by the slide bar five 44 gradually decreases, and the slide bar five 44 contracts towards the inside of the mounting housing 39 under the action of the return spring five 46, and the provided cleaning plate 43 moves towards the dust filter screen 36 under the action of the return spring four 42, making the bristles on the surface of the cleaning plate 43 closely adhere to the dust filter screen 36, thereby enhancing the cleaning effect of the cleaning plate 43 on the dust filter screen 36 in the case of high temperature abnormality; the bristles on the surface of the cleaning plate 43 in this device will only closely adhere to the dust filter screen 36 when a high temperature abnormality occurs, and when the temperature returns to the normal value, the bristles will return to the initial state, which to a certain extent reduces the wear rate of the bristles and thus extends the service life of the bristles on the surface of the cleaning plate 43.

[0021] The above description enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet synchronous motor with an adaptive heat dissipation structure, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the outer shell (1) are respectively fixedly installed with a main housing (2) and an air inlet pipe (3) through connecting rods. A permanent magnet synchronous motor body (48) is installed in the inner cavity of the main housing (2). A movable housing (4) is rotatably connected between the main housing (2) and the air inlet pipe (3). A number of first slots (5) are circumferentially and equidistantly formed on the outer wall of the main housing (2) near the movable housing (4). A second slot (6) is formed on the outer wall of the movable housing (4) near the main housing (2). A drive motor (7) is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the outer shell (1). A conical frustum (8) is fixedly installed at the output end of the drive motor (7). A limiting rod (9) is rotatably connected in the inner cavity of the outer shell (1). A gear (10) is welded on the outer peripheral wall of the limiting rod (9). A toothed ring (11) is fixedly sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the air inlet end of the movable housing (4). A chain (12) is wound between the gear (10) and the toothed ring (11). A number of elastic telescopic rods (13) are fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the movable housing (4). A convex tooth ring (14) is fixedly installed between the telescopic ends of the number of elastic telescopic rods (13). A speed change wheel (15) that abuts against the outer surface of the conical frustum (8) is slidably arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the limiting rod (9). A linkage ring (16) is rotatably connected between the two side walls at both ends of the speed change wheel (15), and the side of the linkage ring (16) away from the speed change wheel (15) is rotatably connected to the outer circular surface of the convex tooth ring (14).

2. The permanent magnet synchronous motor with an adaptive heat dissipation structure according to claim 1, wherein: A number of air outlet slots (17) are circumferentially and equidistantly formed on the outer wall of the main housing (2) away from the movable housing (4).

3. The permanent magnet synchronous motor with an adaptive heat dissipation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both side walls at the two ends of the convex teeth of the convex tooth ring (14) are inclined surfaces.

4. A permanent magnet synchronous motor with an adaptive heat dissipation structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: On the outer wall of one side of the main housing (2) away from the movable housing (4), a number of first pipes (18) are connected in a circumferential and equally spaced manner. One end of each first pipe (18) away from the side wall of the main housing (2) is connected to a first sleeve (19), and a number of first sleeves (19) are fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the main housing (2). A telescopic airbag (20) is arranged inside each first sleeve (19). A slide plate (21) is slidably arranged inside each first sleeve (19). A first slide rod (22) is welded to one side of each slide plate (21) away from the corresponding telescopic airbag (20). A third slot (23) is formed on the outer peripheral wall of each first slide rod (22). A number of second sleeves (24) are fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the main housing (2) in a circumferential and equally spaced manner. A second pipe (25) and a third pipe (26) are connected to the top of each second sleeve (24), and a number of first slide rods (22) are respectively slidably connected to the corresponding second pipes (25) and third pipes (26). One side of a number of third pipes (26) away from the corresponding second sleeves (24) is connected to the intake pipe (3). One-way valves one (27) are installed on the bodies of a number of third pipes (26). A piston plate (28) is slidably arranged inside each second sleeve (24). A second slide rod (29) is welded to the side wall of each piston plate (28). A push block (30) is welded to one side of each second slide rod (29) away from the corresponding piston plate (28).

5. The permanent magnet synchronous motor with an adaptive heat dissipation structure according to claim 4, wherein: Vertical plates one (31) are welded to the inner peripheral walls of a number of first sleeves (19), and a number of first slide rods (22) are respectively slidably arranged on the side walls of the corresponding vertical plates one (31). A first return spring (32) is wound around the outer peripheral walls of a number of first slide rods (22). Vertical plates two (33) are welded to the inner peripheral walls of a number of second sleeves (24), and a number of second slide rods (29) are respectively slidably arranged on the side walls of the corresponding vertical plates two (33). A second return spring (34) is wound around the outer peripheral walls of a number of second slide rods (29).

6. The permanent magnet synchronous motor with an adaptive heat dissipation structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A support rod (35) is welded to the outer wall of the main housing (2) on the side close to the movable housing (4). A dust filter screen (36) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the support rod (35) away from the main housing (2).

7. The permanent magnet synchronous motor with an adaptive heat dissipation structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A vertical plate three (37) is welded to the inner peripheral wall of the air inlet pipe (3) of the movable housing (4). A plurality of sliding rods three (38) are welded to the side wall of the vertical plate three (37). An installation shell (39) is welded between the sides of the plurality of sliding rods three (38) away from the vertical plate three (37). A sliding rod four (40) is slidably arranged on the side wall of the installation shell (39). An installation plate four (41) is welded to one side of the sliding rod four (40) located in the inner cavity of the installation shell (39). A return spring four (42) is wound around the outer peripheral wall of the sliding rod four (40), and the return spring four (42) is connected between the installation plate four (41) and the side wall of the inner cavity of the installation shell (39). A cleaning plate (43) is welded to the side of the sliding rod four (40) away from the installation shell (39). A plurality of sliding rods five (44) are slidably arranged on the outer wall of the installation shell (39) close to the cleaning plate (43) at equal intervals in a circumferential manner, and the sides of the plurality of sliding rods five (44) away from the installation shell (39) are all abutted against the side wall of the cleaning plate (43). Installation plates five (45) are welded to one sides of the plurality of sliding rods five (44) located in the inner cavity of the installation shell (39). Return springs five (46) are wound around the outer peripheral walls of the plurality of sliding rods five (44), and the plurality of return springs five (46) are respectively connected between the corresponding installation plates five (45) and the side wall of the inner cavity of the installation shell (39).

8. The permanent magnet synchronous motor with an adaptive heat dissipation structure according to claim 7, wherein: A dust removal hole (47) is formed in the pipe wall of the air inlet pipe (3).

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