Deep sea freezing pilot-operated type suction anchor structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep sea freezing pilot-operated type suction anchor structure and a construction method thereof, and relates to the technical field of suction anchors, the deep sea freezing pilot-operated type suction anchor structure comprises a suction anchor assembly, the suction anchor assembly comprises an anchor cylinder, vacuum pipes are fixed to the four corners of the top of the anchor cylinder, the top ends of the vacuum pipes communicate with connecting pipes through connecting pieces, an anchor frame is fixed to the top of the anchor cylinder, and a freezing pipe is fixed to the middle of the anchor cylinder; a communicating pipe is communicated with the top end of the base, and a thermo-acoustic refrigerator is fixed to the top end of the communicating pipe; and the mounting assembly is arranged at the top of the anchor cylinder and comprises a mounting ring rotationally connected to the end of the freezing pipe, and handles are fixed to the two sides of the mounting ring correspondingly. Pilot-operated freezing operation can be carried out through the suction anchor assembly, gravel and seawater on the inner side of the suction anchor are frozen in advance, the strength of the suction anchor is improved, and therefore the suction anchor is more stable and convenient to arrange, meanwhile, by arranging the mounting assembly, all components are more convenient to disassemble after arrangement of the suction anchor is completed, and the construction efficiency is improved. And workers do not need to go to deep sea for operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of suction anchors, in particular to a deep-sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Suction anchor is a typical construction method that uses seawater pressure to sink piles based on the negative pressure principle. Compared with traditional pile foundations, it has significant advantages such as less construction equipment required and faster construction speed. However, a large number of applications have also shown that this type of construction method also has certain shortcomings in highly permeable and highly non-uniform strata such as sand and soil. Specifically, it manifests itself in two aspects: pressure loss and verticality difference. For highly permeable strata, when the suction anchor is constructed under negative pressure, seawater will quickly enter the suction anchor along the pores of the sand layer, resulting in its negative pressure suction effect being deteriorated, and may even cause local liquefaction of the stratum, making it impossible to continue construction. For highly non-uniform strata, due to the non-uniform force around the pile, the wellbore may be deflected, reducing the construction quality. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new suction anchor structure with strong stratum adaptability, good verticality control, and high pile-soil bearing capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: The problem to be solved by the present invention is that for highly permeable formations, when the suction anchor is used for negative pressure construction, seawater will quickly enter the suction anchor along the pores of the sand layer, resulting in a deterioration of its negative pressure suction effect, and may even cause local liquefaction of the formation, making it impossible to continue construction; for highly non-uniform formations, due to the non-uniformity of the force around the pile, the wellbore may be deviated, reducing the construction quality.

[0004] Technical solution: The present invention provides a deep-sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure, which includes a suction anchor assembly, including an anchor barrel, with vacuum tubes fixed at the four corners of the top, the top of the vacuum tube is connected to a connecting pipe through a connecting piece, an anchor frame is fixed to the top of the anchor barrel, a freezing pipe is fixed in the middle of the anchor barrel, the top of the vacuum tube is connected to a connecting pipe, and a thermoacoustic cooler is fixed to the top of the connecting pipe; and a mounting assembly, which is arranged at the top of the anchor barrel, including a mounting ring rotatably connected to the end of the freezing pipe, handles are fixed on both sides of the mounting ring, an inclined plate is fixed at the bottom of the mounting ring, a pulley is fixed at the top of the anchor barrel, a pull rope is wound around the surface of the pull rope, one end of the pull rope is fixed to the handle, a driving member cooperating with the inclined plate is fixed to the top of the anchor barrel, the connecting member cooperates with the driving member, and a fastener is fixed to the inside of the anchor frame.

[0005] Furthermore, the suction anchor assembly of this structure also includes fixing blocks fixed to both sides of the bottom of the connecting pipe, and a sliding groove is provided in the mounting ring, and the fixing blocks slide in the sliding groove.

[0006] Furthermore, the connecting part of this structure includes a connecting cover fixed to the bottom end of the connecting tube, which is sleeved on the top of the vacuum tube. Insert blocks are fixed to the top of both sides of the vacuum tube. A slot that cooperates with it is provided on the inner wall of the connecting cover. A plug plate is sliding on the top of the anchor tube, and a fixing groove that cooperates with it is provided on the vacuum tube.

[0007] Furthermore, the driving member of this structure includes a movable plate sliding on the top of the anchor cylinder, a first through slot being opened in the middle thereof, the movable plate being fixed to the end of the plug plate, a first guide plate being fixed on the top of the anchor cylinder, sliding in the first through slot, and a first spring being fixed in the first through slot.

[0008] Furthermore, the fastener of this structure includes a vertical plate sliding on the inner side of the anchor frame, a rod sliding on the top wall of the anchor frame, and a positioning plate fixed to the bottom of the thermoacoustic cooler, wherein a positioning hole cooperating with the rod is opened in the middle.

[0009] Furthermore, the fastener of the structure also includes a limit frame fixed on the anchor frame, the vertical plate slides in the limit frame, and a second spring is fixed on the top of the limit frame.

[0010] Furthermore, a second through slot is provided in the insertion rod of the structure, a second guide plate is fixed to the top wall of the anchor frame, which is located in the second through slot, and a third spring is fixed in the second through slot.

[0011] Furthermore, the installation assembly of the structure also includes anchor hooks fixed around the anchor barrel.

[0012] Furthermore, the anchor cylinder of the structure is provided with arc-shaped grooves on all sides, and the bottom end thereof is inclined.

[0013] Furthermore, the construction method of the deep-sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure includes: when the anchor barrel is placed at a designated location, the freezing pipe is first inserted into the seabed to freeze the sand and gravel in the middle area of the anchor barrel;

[0014] The anchor barrel is inserted into the seabed under the action of vacuum and surrounding water pressure through four vacuum tubes;

[0015] When the anchor barrel is completely submerged in the seabed, the freezing pipe is removed by pulling the pull rope and handle, and the thermoacoustic cooler and connecting pipe are removed simultaneously;

[0016] Secure the anchor rope with the anchor hook and anchor bracket.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Compared with the existing technology, the significant advantages of the present invention are: a pilot freezing operation can be performed through the suction anchor assembly, and the sand and seawater inside the suction anchor can be frozen in advance to improve its strength, thereby making the arrangement of the suction anchor more stable and convenient. At the same time, the setting of the installation assembly makes it easier to remove the various components of the suction anchor after the arrangement is completed, without the need for staff to go down to the deep sea to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The overall structural diagram of the deep-sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure and its construction method;

[0019] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an installation assembly of a deep-sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure and a construction method thereof;

[0020] Figure 3 Deep sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure and construction method thereof Figure 2 Enlarged view of inner part A;

[0021] Figure 4 Deep sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure and construction method thereof Figure 2 Enlarged view of inner part B;

[0022] Figure 5 Another perspective view of the installation components of the deep-sea frozen pilot suction anchor structure and its construction method;

[0023] Figure 6 The installation ring structure diagram of the deep-sea frozen pilot suction anchor structure and its construction method;

[0024] Figure 7 A diagram of the fastener structure of a deep-sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure and its construction method;

[0025] Figure 8 A structural diagram of the connectors for a deep-sea frozen pilot suction anchor structure and its construction method;

[0026] Figure 9 Another perspective view of the connecting parts of the deep-sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure and its construction method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a deep-sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure and a construction method thereof. The deep-sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure and the construction method thereof include a suction anchor assembly 100 and an installation assembly 200. The setting of the suction anchor assembly 100 makes its arrangement more convenient, and at the same time, the installation assembly 200 makes its disassembly efficiency higher.

[0031] Specifically, the suction anchor assembly 100 includes an anchor barrel 101, on which vacuum tubes 102 are fixed at the four corners of the top. The top of the vacuum tube 102 is connected to a connecting tube 104 through a connector 103. Four vacuum tubes 102 are provided, which are symmetrically distributed at the four corners of the top of the anchor barrel 101. The connecting tubes 104 are connected to the vacuum tubes 102 and to external vacuum equipment to perform vacuum operations. The working principle of this part is the existing technology and will not be elaborated here. An anchor frame 105 is fixed to the top of the anchor barrel 101, a freezing tube 106 is fixed to the middle of the anchor barrel 101, the top of which is connected to a connecting tube 107, and the top of the connecting tube 107 is fixed to a thermoacoustic cooler 108.

[0032] The anchor frame 105 is divided into two parts. The top is circular and is used to support the thermoacoustic cooler 108. Four cylindrical supports are fixed to the circular bottom, which can support the thermoacoustic cooler 108. At the same time, after the thermoacoustic cooler 108 is removed, ropes can be fixed on the anchor frame 105, so that multiple ropes can be fixed more firmly. The freezing pipe 106 cooperates with the thermoacoustic cooler 108 to perform cooling operations. The bottom end of the freezing pipe 106 extends from the bottom of the anchor barrel 101. When the anchor barrel 101 is installed, the freezing pipe 106 will first be inserted into the seabed to freeze the sand and seawater, so that the device can avoid sand or seawater from being sucked away during the vacuum operation, which greatly improves the convenience and stability of the installation of the anchor barrel 101.

[0033] The working principles of the freezing tube 106 and the thermoacoustic cooler 108 are both prior arts, which are clearly known to those skilled in the art and are not described in detail here.

[0034] The mounting assembly 200 is arranged at the top of the anchor barrel 101, and includes a mounting ring 201 that is rotatably connected to the end of the freezing pipe 106. Handles 202 are fixed on both sides of the mounting ring 201. The mounting ring 201 is rotatably connected to the freezing pipe 106 through a bearing. The bearing adopts a bearing with large friction to prevent the mounting ring 201 from accidentally rotating during use. This part can be set by technical personnel in this field as needed, and a sealing ring is fixed at the bottom of the connecting pipe 104. When it is fixed to the freezing pipe 106, it can play a sealing effect. There are two handles 202. During installation, the staff can rotate the mounting ring 201 through the handle 202 to perform the installation operation.

[0035] An inclined plate 203 is fixed to the bottom of the mounting ring 201, a pulley 204 is fixed to the top of the anchor cylinder 101, a pull rope 205 is wrapped around its surface, one end of the pull rope 205 is fixed to the handle 202, a driving member 206 that cooperates with the inclined plate 203 is fixed to the top of the anchor cylinder 101, the connecting member 103 cooperates with the driving member 206, and a fastener 207 is fixed to the inside of the anchor frame 105.

[0036] There are four inclined plates 203, evenly distributed at the bottom of the mounting ring 201. When the thermoacoustic cooler 108 needs to be removed, the pull rope 205 is manually pulled. The pulley 204 is set so that the staff can move the handle 202 when pulling, thereby driving the mounting ring 201 to rotate. The setting of the driving member 206 can simultaneously drive the connecting member 103 and the fastener 207 to move, so as to perform the disassembly and assembly operations of the thermoacoustic cooler 108 and the vacuum tube 102.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] Reference Figures 1 to 9 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention, and is based on the previous embodiment.

[0039] Specifically, the suction anchor assembly 100 also includes fixed blocks 109 fixed on both sides of the bottom of the connecting pipe 107. A sliding groove V is opened in the mounting ring 201. The fixed block 109 slides in the sliding groove V. The sliding groove V is L-shaped. During installation, the fixed block 109 is placed in the sliding groove V accordingly, and then the mounting ring 201 is rotated so that the fixed block 109 slides into the sliding groove V. The connecting pipe 107 can be fixed so that it can be more firmly fixed to the freezing pipe 106.

[0040] The connecting piece 103 includes a connecting cover 103a fixed to the bottom end of the connecting tube 104, which is sleeved on the top of the vacuum tube 102. Insert blocks 103b are fixed to the top of both sides of the vacuum tube 102. The inner wall of the connecting cover 103a is provided with a slot S that cooperates with it. The setting of the insert block 103b and the slot S can guide and limit the connecting tube 104, making it more accurate and convenient to install.

[0041] A plug plate 103c is slidably provided on the top of the anchor cylinder 101, and a fixing groove K cooperating therewith is provided on the vacuum tube 102. The plug plate 103c is divided into two parts, one part is rectangular and the other part is U-shaped. When the driving member 206 performs the tightening operation, the two ends of the U-shaped part of the plug plate 103c pass through the connecting cover 103a and are inserted into the fixing groove K, thereby fixing the connecting tube 104 and the vacuum tube 102, making their installation more convenient and stable. When removal is required, the driving member 206 moves in the reverse direction, driving the plug plate 103c to disengage from the fixing groove K, so that the staff can directly pull the connecting tube 104 out of the vacuum tube 102.

[0042] Magnets can be set at the contact positions of the connecting tube 104 and the vacuum tube 102, so that the two have a certain pre-fixing function during installation, which is convenient for the staff to further tighten. Those skilled in the art in this area can set it as needed.

[0043] The driving member 206 includes a movable plate 206a that slides on the top of the anchor cylinder 101, with a first through groove P1 formed in the middle thereof. The movable plate 206a is fixed to the end of the plug plate 103c, and the end of the movable plate 206a that contacts the inclined plate 203 is inclined. During installation, the mounting ring 201 rotates to drive the inclined plate 203 to move, and the inclined plate 203 pushes the movable plate 206a to move outward, thereby driving the plug plate 103c to be inserted into the fixing groove K through the movable plate 206a to fix the connecting pipe 104 and the vacuum tube 102.

[0044] A first guide plate 206b is fixed to the top of the anchor cylinder 101, which slides in the first through slot P1. A first spring 206c is fixed in the first through slot P1. The first guide plate 206b and the first through slot P1 are used to limit and guide the movable plate 206a to prevent it from deflecting during movement. The first spring 206c applies a force to the movable plate 206a to move in the direction of the inclined plate 203, so that when the mounting ring 201 rotates in the opposite direction, the movable plate 206a slides on the inclined plate 203 and gradually moves in the direction of the mounting ring 201, driving the insert plate 103c to disengage from the fixed slot K.

[0045] The fastener 207 includes a vertical plate 207a that slides on the inner side of the anchor frame 105. A slope is provided at the position where the bottom end of the vertical plate 207a contacts the movable plate 206a, so that when the movable plate 206a moves in the direction away from the inclined plate 203, it can push the vertical plate 207a to move upward. A rod 207b is sliding on the top wall of the anchor frame 105, and a slope is also provided at the end of the rod 207b close to the vertical plate 207a. When the vertical plate 207a moves upward, it can push the rod 207b to move toward the thermoacoustic cooler 108.

[0046] A positioning plate 207c is fixed to the bottom of the thermoacoustic cooler 108, and a positioning hole H is provided in the middle thereof for cooperating with the insertion rod 207b. During installation, the insertion rod 207b will be inserted into the positioning hole H during movement, so that the thermoacoustic cooler 108 can be fastened by the four positioning plates 207c, and another set of anchor hooks are fixed at the four corners of the top of the anchor frame 105 to increase the connectable position of the rope. At the same time, the thermoacoustic cooler 108 can be preliminarily positioned, making its installation more accurate.

[0047] The fastener 207 further includes a limit frame 207d fixed on the anchor frame 105, the vertical plate 207a slides in the limit frame 207b, and a second spring 207e is fixed on the top of the limit frame 207d.

[0048] The vertical plate 207a is limited by the limit frame 207d to prevent it from deflecting during the up and down movement. The second spring 207e applies a downward thrust to the vertical plate 207a. When the movable plate 206a is separated from the vertical plate 207a, it is pushed downward by the second spring 207e to reset.

[0049] A second through slot P2 is provided in the insertion rod 207b, and a second guide plate 207f is fixed to the top wall of the anchor frame 105, which is located in the second through slot P2, and a third spring 207g is fixed in the second through slot P2. The second guide plate 207f is used to limit the insertion rod 207b to prevent it from deflecting during movement. The third spring 207g applies a force to the insertion rod 207b away from the positioning plate 207c, so that when the vertical plate 207a moves downward, the insertion rod 207b can be synchronously disengaged from the positioning hole H, thereby releasing the limiting effect on the thermoacoustic cooler 108. The staff can fix a traction rope on the thermoacoustic cooler 108 to facilitate pulling the thermoacoustic cooler 108 out of the water.

[0050] The installation assembly 200 also includes anchor hooks 208 fixed around the anchor barrel 101. Multiple groups of anchor hooks 208 make the rope installation more selective and improve the applicability of the suction anchor. Arc grooves are provided around the anchor barrel 101. The overall anchor barrel 101 is cross-shaped, which improves its overall strength and stability. Its bottom end is inclined to facilitate moving into the seabed in the initial state.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] Reference Figures 1 to 9 , which is the third embodiment of the present invention, is based on the first two embodiments.

[0053] Specifically, when the anchor cylinder 101 is placed at a designated location, the freezing pipe 106 is first inserted into the seabed to freeze the sand and gravel in the middle area of the anchor cylinder 101, thereby preventing sand and seawater from entering the anchor cylinder 101 during vacuum suction and affecting its installation.

[0054] The anchor cylinder 101 is inserted into the seabed under the action of vacuum and surrounding water pressure by performing vacuum operation through four vacuum tubes 102;

[0055] When the anchor barrel 101 is completely submerged in the seabed, the freezing pipe 106 is removed by pulling the pull rope 205 and the handle 202, and the thermoacoustic cooler 108 and the connecting pipe 104 are removed simultaneously; the anchor rope is fixed by the anchor hook 208 and the anchor frame 105.

Claims

1. A deep-sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure, characterized by: include, A suction anchor assembly (100) comprises an anchor barrel (101), wherein vacuum tubes (102) are fixed at the four corners of the top of the anchor barrel, the top of the vacuum tube (102) is connected to a connecting tube (104) via a connecting piece (103), an anchor frame (105) is fixed to the top of the anchor barrel (101), a freezing tube (106) is fixed in the middle of the anchor barrel (101), the top of the freezing tube (106) is connected to a connecting tube (107), and a thermoacoustic cooler (108) is fixed to the top of the connecting tube (107); and The mounting assembly (200) is arranged at the top of the anchor barrel (101), and includes a mounting ring (201) rotatably connected to the end of the freezing pipe (106), handles (202) are fixed on both sides of the mounting ring (201), an inclined plate (203) is fixed at the bottom of the mounting ring (201), a pulley (204) is fixed on the top of the anchor barrel (101), a pull rope (205) is wound around the surface of the pull rope, one end of the pull rope (205) is fixed to the handle (202), a driving member (206) that cooperates with the inclined plate (203) is fixed on the top of the anchor barrel (101), the connecting member (103) cooperates with the driving member (206), and a fastener (207) is fixed on the inner side of the anchor frame (105).

2. The deep-sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suction anchor assembly (100) further comprises fixing blocks (109) fixed to both sides of the bottom of the connecting pipe (107); a sliding groove (V) is provided in the mounting ring (201), and the fixing blocks (109) slide in the sliding groove (V).

3. The deep-sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The connecting member (103) comprises a connecting cover (103a) fixed to the bottom end of the connecting tube (104), which is sleeved on the top of the vacuum tube (102). Insert blocks (103b) are fixed to the tops of both sides of the vacuum tube (102). A slot (S) cooperating with the connecting cover (103a) is provided on the inner wall of the connecting cover (103a). A plug plate (103c) is slidably provided on the top of the anchor cylinder (101), and a fixing groove (K) cooperating with the connecting cover (103c) is provided on the vacuum tube (102).

4. The deep-sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving member (206) includes a movable plate (206a) sliding on the top of the anchor cylinder (101), with a first through slot (P1) being provided in the middle thereof, the movable plate (206a) being fixed to the end of the plug plate (103c), a first guide plate (206b) being fixed on the top of the anchor cylinder (101) and sliding in the first through slot (P1), and a first spring (206c) being fixed in the first through slot (P1).

5. The deep-sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fastener (207) includes a vertical plate (207a) sliding on the inner side of the anchor frame (105), an insertion rod (207b) sliding on the inner top wall of the anchor frame (105), and a positioning plate (207c) is fixed to the bottom of the thermoacoustic cooler (108), wherein a positioning hole (H) is opened in the middle thereof to cooperate with the insertion rod (207b).

6. The deep-sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fastener (207) further comprises a limit frame (207d) fixed on the anchor frame (105), the vertical plate (207a) slides in the limit frame (207b), and a second spring (207e) is fixed on the top of the limit frame (207d).

7. The deep-sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second through slot (P2) is provided in the insertion rod (207b), a second guide plate (207f) is fixed to the top wall of the anchor frame (105), and is located in the second through slot (P2), and a third spring (207g) is fixed in the second through slot (P2).

8. The deep-sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The installation assembly (200) further comprises an anchor hook (208) fixed around the anchor cylinder (101).

9. The deep-sea freezing pilot suction anchor structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The anchor cylinder (101) is provided with arc grooves on all sides, and its bottom end is inclined.

10. A construction method for a deep-sea frozen pilot suction anchor structure, characterized by: The suction anchor structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9 further comprises the following construction steps: When the anchor cylinder (101) is placed at a designated location, the freezing pipe (106) is first inserted into the seabed to freeze the sand and gravel in the middle area of the anchor cylinder (101); The anchor cylinder (101) is inserted into the seabed under the action of vacuum and surrounding water pressure by performing vacuum operation through four vacuum tubes (102); When the anchor barrel (101) is completely submerged in the seabed, the freezing pipe (106) is removed by pulling the pull rope (205) and the handle (202), and the thermoacoustic cooler (108) and the connecting pipe (104) are removed simultaneously; The anchor rope is fixed by the anchor hook (208) and the anchor frame (105).

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