Pearl gourami deep-sea aquaculture platform domestication method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of deep-sea aquaculture, and discloses a pearl gonytrichum Epinephelus areatus deep-sea aquaculture platform domestication method, which comprises the following steps: transporting Epinephelus areatus to an aquaculture cabin, making the water surface of the aquaculture cabin flush with the fish inlet, pumping water into the aquaculture cabin to a target depth k after fish transportation is completed; stopping feeding on the first day after fish transportation is completed; draining the water in the aquaculture cabin the next day, making the water in the aquaculture cabin reach a first depth m, which is smaller than the target depth k, feeding the fish, observing whether the fish eat in a predetermined time t and reach an expected size s, feeding the fish, and pumping water into the aquaculture cabin to make the water level return to the target depth k after feeding is completed; and increasing the water depth by 1 m on the basis of the water depth of the previous day to reach the target depth k. The domestication method adopts a shallow-to-deep domestication mode, adjusts the feeding habit of the pearl gonytrichum Epinephelus areatus in the cabin in time, enables the pearl gonytrichum Epinephelus areatus to quickly adapt to the new aquaculture environment, and lays a foundation for subsequent successful aquaculture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deep-sea aquaculture technology, specifically a method for domesticating pearl grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform. Background Technology

[0002] Deep-sea aquaculture can further expand the development space of marine fisheries, alleviate the pressure on resources and the ecological burden of my country's nearshore waters, and promote the overall development of my country's marine economy. Deep-sea waters are vast, have excellent water quality, and superior water exchange conditions. Wastewater discharge is far within the self-purification capacity of the sea area, resulting in a large environmental capacity redundancy and minimal impact on the surrounding waters. Furthermore, with the expansion of marine fisheries development space, nearshore aquaculture density can be effectively controlled, reducing nearshore marine aquaculture pollution discharge. This is conducive to the restoration of nearshore marine ecosystems and marine environmental protection, and also helps to achieve the restoration and sustainable utilization of key nearshore biological resources.

[0003] Pearl grouper, an important economic species in China, has high requirements for its aquatic environment. Traditional farming methods, such as cement ponds, elevated ponds, and fish rafts, are prone to disease outbreaks and difficult to control, while also placing significant pressure on the surrounding environment. The transfer of fry to deep-sea aquaculture facilities is crucial. Fry transferred to cages, platforms, or workboats face a significantly different environment compared to their land-based habitat. If feeding patterns are not adjusted, optimized, and retrained in time, they often exhibit poor feeding behavior and health, hindering growth and even leading to significant fry losses. This hinders the foundation for increasing stocking density in future deep-sea grouper farming. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a method for acclimatizing pearl giant grouper in a deep-sea aquaculture platform. This method employs a gradual acclimatization approach, adjusting the feeding habits of pearl giant grouper upon entering the platform in a timely manner. This allows the grouper to quickly adapt to the new aquaculture environment, laying the foundation for successful subsequent aquaculture.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for domesticating pearl grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform Step 1: Transfer the grouper to the rearing tank, ensuring the water level is flush with the inlet. After the fish transfer is complete, pump water into the rearing tank to the target depth k. Stop feeding on the first day; Step 2: The next day, drain the aquaculture tank before feeding, and bring the water level in the aquaculture tank to the first depth m, which is less than the target depth k. Feed the fish and observe whether the fish feed upstream within the predetermined time t and at a scale no smaller than the expected size s. After feeding, transfer water to the aquaculture tank so that the water level returns to the target depth k. If, after feeding, the fish fail to feed upstream within the predetermined time t and at a scale no smaller than the expected size s, then repeat step 2 the next day; if, after feeding, the fish feed upstream within the predetermined time t and at a scale no smaller than the expected size s, then drain the aquaculture tank before feeding the next day, increasing the water depth by 1m based on the previous day's depth, until the target depth k is reached.

[0006] Preferably, the target depth k of the aquaculture chamber is 6-8m, and the first depth m is 3m.

[0007] Preferably, the predetermined time t is 15s-30s, and the expected size s is 95% or more.

[0008] Preferably, the feeding time of the grouper is controlled between 15:30 and 16:00.

[0009] Preferably, the fish are fed the day after the fish transport is completed, using a multi-point feeding method.

[0010] Preferably, a land-sea relay aquaculture platform is used, which includes: The aquaculture tank has an overflow pipe for discharging water from the tank to the outside of the ship. A water input system, the output end of which is connected to the aquaculture tank and used to output seawater into the aquaculture tank; An oxygenation system, the output of which is connected to the aquaculture tank, is used to oxygenate the water in the aquaculture tank.

[0011] Preferably, a drainage column is provided below the aquaculture tank, and the drainage column includes a lower overflow pipe for discharging water from the aquaculture tank through the bottom of the aquaculture tank. The aquaculture tank also includes an overflow pipe for draining water from the upper part of the aquaculture tank.

[0012] Preferably, the oxygenation system includes an oxygenation pump, an oxygen cone, and an oxygen cone pump, wherein the input end of the oxygen cone pump is connected to the oxygen exchange structure of the oxygen cone, the output end of the cone pump is connected to the aquaculture chamber, the oxygenation pump has two input ends, one output end of the oxygenation pump is connected to the aquaculture chamber, and the other output end of the oxygenation pump is connected to the oxygen exchange structure of the oxygen cone.

[0013] The beneficial effects of using this invention are: This invention utilizes a land-to-sea relay aquaculture model to transfer pearl grouper to a deep-sea multi-functional aquaculture platform. At this depth, the bottom is opaque, and the pearl grouper tends to concentrate at the bottom. After transfer, land-based feeding methods might not achieve the desired feeding results. This invention employs a shallow-to-deep acclimatization method on the deep-sea aquaculture platform, promptly adjusting the feeding habits of the pearl grouper upon arrival, enabling them to quickly adapt to the new aquaculture environment and laying the foundation for subsequent successful aquaculture. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the domestication method for pearl grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water circulation system for an aquaculture transfer platform.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage and fish discharge system for an aquaculture transfer platform.

[0017] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the oxygenation system for an aquaculture transfer platform.

[0018] The reference numerals in the figures include: 10-Aquaculture tank, 11-Drainage column, 111-Drainage hole, 12-Water inlet pipe, 13-Lower overflow pipe, 14-Upper overflow pipe, 15-Fish suction pipe; 20 - Oxygenation system, 21 - Oxygenation pump, 22 - Oxygen cone, 23 - Oxygen cone pump. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this technical solution clearer, the following detailed description, in conjunction with specific embodiments, further illustrates this technical solution. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of this technical solution.

[0020] Example 1 This embodiment details the specific steps of the domestication method for pearl grouper in deep-sea aquaculture platforms.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the grouper arrives at the platform via a land-sea relay model: temporary holding base - live fish transport vehicle - live fish transport ship - deep-sea platform. It then enters the aquaculture tank through the fish inlet and fish inlet hose. At this time, the water depth is 5 meters (the fish inlet is located at 5 meters in the aquaculture tank). After the water pump is turned on, the overflow height is 7 meters, so the final water depth of the aquaculture water body is 7 meters.

[0022] Specifically, the aquaculture chamber has a volume of 12 meters, a width of 12 meters, and a height of 9.75 meters.

[0023] The fish used in this experiment were 40,000 pearl grouper fry with an average weight of 93.5 grams. After reaching the market size of 1.2 jin (approximately 0.6 catties), the stocking density was greater than 25 kg / m³. 3 The water body is superior to traditional pond aquaculture models, making this the first experiment of its kind in China, and the density can be further increased in the future.

[0024] No feed was given on the first day. After the fish had just been transported by land and sea, feeding was stopped for one day. This also had a hunger-inducing effect on the subsequent acclimatization. The fish were observed to be in good condition after entering the cabin through an underwater camera.

[0025] Specifically, there is a fixed high-definition camera on each side of the aquaculture tank facing the platform's hull, which allows for a view of the basic underwater conditions. During feeding, staff use a 20-meter-long underwater camera and a handheld display screen to move and observe, capturing real-time high-definition images of the underwater conditions in the aquaculture tank.

[0026] After the land-sea relay, the fish fry need to adapt to the new breeding environment due to transportation and handling. At this time, the water level is lowered to about 3 meters, and a small amount of feed is scattered. The fish fry will immediately gather and compete for food. Feeding should be stopped 1-2 days before transportation, as gathering and competing for food is an important indicator. After raising the water level to 7 meters, if the underwater camera observes that the fish fry are swimming normally in groups, have smooth and uninjured bodies, show no descaling, and show no signs of detachment from the surface, then the condition of the grouper can be judged.

[0027] The next day, the drainage pump was turned on to lower the water level to 3 meters. Multiple feeding points were tried. The underwater camera in the cabin and the handheld mobile camera were used to observe the fish. Within 15 seconds, more than 98% of the fish would swim upstream to feed. The feeding time was adjusted to 15:30-16:00. After feeding, the water pump was turned on to bring the water level back to a depth of 7 meters.

[0028] Specifically, before feeding, prepare the feed in the feed bin of the feeder and use the 8-point feeding method: 4 corners plus 4 middle points on the sides of the bin. The feeder is located at the tail of the platform. The principle is that the blower blows out the feed pellets. Connect the hose from the feeder to the side of the bin. The feeder holds the hose and sprays the feed. Spray each point 5 times clockwise and then switch to another point. During this time, observe the direction of the fish swimming and try to spray the feed in front of the fish swimming.

[0029] After the control room staff observed most of the fish swimming upstream using underwater cameras, the feeding personnel next to the tank used handheld cameras to walk around the tank and then move to the center to observe and make a rough estimate. Later, it was found that about 1% to 2% of the fish, due to discomfort during transport, failed to adapt to the rearing tank environment, resulting in poor feeding, failure to swim upstream to feed, and small, emaciated bodies. In some feasible embodiments, an electronic counter can be used to capture underwater images via cameras, which are then imported into an image recognition system. The acquired images represent the bottom 1-2 meters of water within the rearing tank, and the image recognition system automatically counts the number of fish at the bottom.

[0030] In the initial acclimatization process, the water temperature hovered around 21.3~24℃, which is not the optimal growth temperature for grouper. Therefore, the feeding amount was determined based on the previous feeding situation, at 1%~1.5% of the total fish weight, and feeding was done once a day to establish a fixed habit. Generally, no food sinks during feeding because grouper are voracious eaters. If any food sinks, it will be discharged through the central drain along with the water change. The central drain also serves as a waste collection and discharge point. The cover on the drain hole has large holes, and the bottom of the tank is designed with a certain slope, so excrement and other waste will be discharged with the water change. The water change rate is 18~24 times / day, which is much higher than the traditional cement pond flow mode and even higher than the number of cycles in roadbed recirculating aquaculture.

[0031] On the third day, the drainage pump was turned on to lower the water level to 4 meters. The feeder was used to feed the fish at the normal feeding rate. Within 15 seconds, more than 98% of the fish would swim to the surface to feed. The feeding response was fast, indicating that the fish had successfully adapted to the water depth. After feeding, the inlet pump was turned on to bring the water level back to 7 meters.

[0032] On the fourth day, the drainage pump was turned on to lower the water level to 5 meters. The feeder was used to feed the fish at the normal amount. More than 98% of the fish would swim upstream to feed, but the time spent swimming upstream exceeded 30 seconds, indicating that the fish needed to adapt to the feeding response at this water depth. After feeding, the water pump was turned on to bring the water level back to 7 meters.

[0033] On the fifth day, the drainage pump was turned on to lower the water level to 5 meters. The feeder was used to feed the fish at the normal amount. Within 30 seconds, more than 98% of the fish swam to the surface to feed, indicating that they had successfully adapted to the water depth. After feeding, the inlet pump was turned on to bring the water level back to 7 meters.

[0034] On the sixth day, the drainage pump was turned on to lower the water level to 6 meters. The feeder was used to feed the fish at the normal amount. More than 98% of the fish would swim upstream to feed, but the time took more than 30 seconds. This indicated that the fish needed to adapt to the feeding response at this water depth. After feeding, the water pump was turned on to bring the water level back to 7 meters.

[0035] On the seventh day, the drainage pump was turned on to lower the water level to 6 meters. Within 30 seconds, more than 98% of the fish swam to the surface to feed, indicating that they had successfully adapted to the water depth. After feeding, the inlet pump was turned on to bring the water level back to 7 meters.

[0036] On the eighth day, the water level was maintained at 7 meters. Feeding was done using a feeder at the normal rate. More than 98% of the fish would swim upstream to feed, but the feeding time would exceed 30 seconds. At this depth, the fish would need to adapt to the feeding response again.

[0037] Subsequent feedings were done at a water depth of 7 meters. The fish adapted to the feeding pattern and developed a feeding habit. When it was time to feed, the fish would quickly and actively swim to the surface to feed.

[0038] This invention utilizes a land-sea relay aquaculture model to transfer pearl grouper to a deep-sea multifunctional aquaculture platform. The aquaculture chamber is 10 meters deep, and when the water pump is activated for circulation, the water depth reaches 7 meters (overflow height is 7 meters). At this depth, the bottom is completely opaque, and since pearl grouper tend to concentrate at the bottom, land-based feeding methods after transfer may not achieve the desired feeding results. This invention employs a shallow-to-deep acclimatization method on the deep-sea aquaculture platform, promptly adjusting the feeding habits of the pearl grouper upon arrival in the chamber, enabling them to quickly adapt to the new aquaculture environment and laying the foundation for subsequent successful aquaculture.

[0039] Example 2 This embodiment proposes an aquaculture transfer platform, which is used in conjunction with the aforementioned deep-sea aquaculture platform domestication method for pearl grouper.

[0040] To address the difficulties in transporting pearl grouper in existing technologies, and the resulting quality decline due to oxygen deficiency during transport, this invention proposes a deep-sea aquaculture and transport platform for pearl grouper. The main body of the platform is a hull, and multiple aquaculture compartments 10 are arranged along the length of the hull. The aquaculture compartments 10 form the basis for the transport and aquaculture of pearl grouper.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, a drainage column 11 is installed at the bottom of the aquaculture tank 10. The function of the drainage column 11 is to discharge excess water in the aquaculture tank 10 to the outside of the ship through the lower overflow pipe 13. The overflow interface at the lower part of the drainage column 11 is connected to the lower overflow pipe 13. An upper overflow pipe 14 is installed on the upper side wall of the aquaculture tank 10. The upper overflow pipe 14 and the lower overflow pipe 13 together form the overflow pipe system of a single aquaculture tank 10. A water inlet pipe 12 is installed on the side wall of the aquaculture tank 10. The function of the water inlet pipe 12 is to transport water to the aquaculture tank 10 through the external water input system or the circulating water brought by the oxygenation system 20. In this embodiment, the water inlet pipe 12 is provided with multiple independent branch pipes, and each branch pipe is provided with an individually controlled valve.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the drainage column 11 at the bottom of the aquaculture tank 10 has a multi-stage structure. Part of the drainage column 11 extends into the aquaculture tank 10 and has drainage holes 111. A fish suction pipe 15 is connected to the disc-shaped area below the drainage column 11. That is, after closing the lower overflow pipe 13, opening the fish suction pipe 15 allows the pearl grouper in the aquaculture tank 10 to be transported to the offshore aquaculture area through the fish suction pump installed on the fish suction pipe 15.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the oxygenation system 20 of the aquaculture tank 10. In this embodiment, the active oxygenation system 20 installed in the aquaculture tank 10 includes an oxygenation pump 21 and an oxygen cone 22. The oxygenation pump 21 has two output ends. The first output end of the oxygenation pump 21 is directly connected to the aquaculture tank 10 through a pipeline, meaning that after the oxygenation pump 21 is turned on, some oxygen is directly injected into the water body of the aquaculture tank 10 through the pipeline. In the oxygenation system 20, some of the oxygen output by the oxygenation pump 21 is transported to the oxygen cone 22 through a pipeline. In this embodiment, the oxygen cone 22 forms a circulation pipeline with the aquaculture tank 10 through a pipeline. An oxygen cone pump 23 is installed on the circulation pipeline between the oxygen cone 22 and the aquaculture tank 10. The function of the oxygen cone pump 23 is to provide the driving force for water circulation. When the oxygen content in the aquaculture tank 10 is low, the oxygen pump 21, oxygen cone 22 and oxygen cone pump 23 are turned on. The oxygen output by the oxygen pump 21 enters the oxygen exchange structure in the oxygen cone 22. The water output from the aquaculture tank 10 is driven by the oxygen cone pump 23 into the oxygen exchange structure of the oxygen cone 22 for oxygen exchange. After the oxygen exchange is completed, the oxygen-enriched water is circulated back into the aquaculture tank 10 through the pipeline to achieve the effect of actively oxygenating the water in the aquaculture tank 10.

[0044] The water input system in this embodiment can transport seawater from around the ship's hull to the aquaculture tank 10. Seawater is rich in oxygen and various essential organic matter and microorganisms, which benefits the optimization and replacement of the water inside the aquaculture tank 10. When the water input system is activated, the aquaculture tank 10 forms a seawater state similar to natural conditions, which is conducive to the survival and growth of the pearl grouper. The water input system in this embodiment is a seawater inlet grille, which is located on the side of the ship's hull, preferably on an inclined surface other than the front or side, and preferably on the bow side. The seawater inlet grille on the side of the ship's hull has a large cavity at its rear, which is connected to the aquaculture tank 10 via a pipe. When seawater enters the cavity after passing through the seawater inlet grille, the seawater can be forced into the aquaculture tank 10 non-powered by the pressure difference between the inner and outer aquaculture tank 10 and the cavity.

[0045] The coordination of the above-mentioned pearl grouper deep-sea aquaculture and transfer platform under various working conditions can provide better water conditions for the pearl grouper in the aquaculture tank 10, optimize the aquaculture and transfer environment, and provide a platform for the connection and transfer of live water for pearl grouper, so as to ensure the quality and survival rate of fish fry.

[0046] It should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. At the same time, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] The above content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, many changes can be made in the specific implementation and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. As long as these changes do not depart from the concept of the present invention, they all fall within the protection scope of this patent.

Claims

1. A method for domesticating pearl grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform, characterized in that: Step 1: Transfer the grouper to the rearing tank, ensuring the water level is flush with the inlet. After the fish transfer is complete, pump water into the rearing tank to the target depth k. Stop feeding on the first day; Step 2: The next day, drain the aquaculture tank before feeding, and bring the water level in the aquaculture tank to the first depth m, which is less than the target depth k. Feed the fish and observe whether the fish feed upstream within the predetermined time t and at a scale no smaller than the expected size s. After feeding, transfer water to the aquaculture tank so that the water level returns to the target depth k. If, after feeding, the fish fail to feed upstream within the predetermined time t and at a scale no smaller than the expected size s, then repeat step 2 the next day; if, after feeding, the fish feed upstream within the predetermined time t and at a scale no smaller than the expected size s, then drain the aquaculture tank before feeding the next day, increasing the water depth by 1m based on the previous day's depth, until the target depth k is reached.

2. The method for domesticating pearl grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target depth k of the breeding chamber is 6-8m, and the first depth m is 3m.

3. The method for domesticating pearl grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The predetermined time t is 15s-30s, and the expected scale s is over 95%.

4. The method for domesticating pearl grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding time for the grouper is controlled between 15:30 and 16:

00.

5. The method for domesticating pearl grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fish were fed the day after the fish transport was completed, using a multi-point feeding method.

6. The method for domesticating pearl grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The land-sea relay aquaculture platform is used, wherein the land-sea relay aquaculture platform includes: The aquaculture tank has an overflow pipe for discharging water from the tank to the outside of the ship. A water input system, the output end of which is connected to the aquaculture tank and used to output seawater into the aquaculture tank; An oxygenation system, the output of which is connected to the aquaculture tank, is used to oxygenate the water in the aquaculture tank.

7. The method for domesticating pearl grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform according to claim 6, characterized in that: A drainage column is provided below the aquaculture tank, and the drainage column includes a lower overflow pipe for discharging water out of the aquaculture tank through the bottom of the aquaculture tank; The aquaculture tank also includes an overflow pipe for draining water from the upper part of the aquaculture tank.

8. The method for domesticating pearl grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform according to claim 6, characterized in that: The oxygenation system includes an oxygenation pump, an oxygen cone, and an oxygen cone pump. The input end of the oxygen cone pump is connected to the oxygen exchange structure of the oxygen cone, and the output end of the cone pump is connected to the aquaculture chamber. The oxygenation pump has two input ends, one output end of the oxygenation pump is connected to the aquaculture chamber, and the other output end of the oxygenation pump is connected to the oxygen exchange structure of the oxygen cone.

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