A flash tank, reforming hydrogen production equipment and SOFC stack system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a reforming hydrogen production device with a flash tank for an SOFC stack system, which relates to the technical field of fuel reforming hydrogen production in an SOFC stack power generation system. The device comprises a tank body for providing a reduced-pressure flash evaporation environment, wherein the tank body is divided into a flash evaporation mixing chamber and two independent evaporation chambers; an air outlet and two liquid inlets are provided on the tank body; the two liquid inlets are respectively connected to one side of the two evaporation chambers and are respectively used to introduce different liquids to be evaporated; the other sides of the two evaporation chambers are connected to the air inlet end of the mixing chamber; a heating device is provided in each of the two evaporation chambers; the air outlet is connected to the air outlet end of the mixing chamber; the two liquids to be evaporated are evaporated by the flash tank and efficiently mixed according to a certain water-carbon ratio, the process is simple, and coking is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel reforming and hydrogen production in a SOFC stack power generation system, and in particular to a flash tank, reforming hydrogen production equipment and a SOFC stack system. Background Art

[0002] SOFC (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell) is a technology that converts chemical energy into electrical energy by utilizing the migration of cations under the action of chemical potential via oxygen ion vacancies in the electrolyte. The most common is the SOFC stack that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy. It has the advantages of being environmentally friendly, having high energy conversion efficiency and wide fuel adaptability.

[0003] The existing technology has a technical solution in which "diesel is pressurized by an oil pump and enters a nozzle for atomization and then enters a mixer; water is pressurized by a water pump and then atomized through a nozzle and enters a mixer; in the mixer, water and diesel are mixed at a certain water-carbon ratio and then enter a reformer for reforming to produce hydrogen, generating hydrogen and CO which then enter the SOFC stack to generate electricity and hot water through electrochemical reactions." However, in the specific implementation process, defects such as "nozzle coking, low efficiency, inability to stably control the water-carbon ratio, and low amount of hydrogen produced H2" are easily generated. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a flash tank, reforming hydrogen production equipment and SOFC stack system to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The two liquids to be evaporated are evaporated by the flash tank and efficiently mixed. The process is simple and coking is avoided.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a flash tank, comprising a tank body for providing a reduced pressure flash evaporation environment, wherein the tank body is divided into a mixing chamber and two independent evaporation chambers;

[0006] The tank body is provided with an air outlet and two liquid inlets;

[0007] The two liquid inlets are respectively connected to one side of the two evaporation chambers and are used to introduce different liquids to be evaporated; the other sides of the two evaporation chambers are both connected to the air inlet end of the mixing chamber; and a heating device is provided in each of the two evaporation chambers;

[0008] The air outlet is communicated with the air outlet end of the mixing chamber.

[0009] Preferably, the flow cross-sections of the two evaporation chambers are respectively larger than the flow cross-sections of the two liquid inlets.

[0010] Preferably, the tank body is connected to a decompression device for providing a decompression flash evaporation environment inside the tank body.

[0011] Preferably, a guide channel located in the tank body is provided between the two evaporation chambers and the mixing chamber, and the output ends of the two evaporation chambers are connected to the air inlet end of the mixing chamber through the guide channel.

[0012] Preferably, the two evaporation chambers are located in the middle of the tank body and are arranged in a vertical direction. One side of the two evaporation chambers in the horizontal direction is respectively connected to the two liquid inlets, and the other side is provided with the vertically extending guide channel;

[0013] The mixing chamber is located at the top end of the tank body and is communicated with the top end portion of the diversion channel.

[0014] Preferably, the air outlet is connected to the top of the mixing chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the heating device adopts a microcrystalline heating body, the microcrystalline heating body is located at the bottom position of the inner side of the evaporation chamber, and the liquid inlet is located above the microcrystalline heating body.

[0016] Also provided is a reforming hydrogen production device, comprising a flash tank, a reformer and two liquid supply pipelines;

[0017] The two liquid supply pipes are respectively connected to the two liquid inlets on the flash tank, and are both provided with a delivery pump, and are respectively used to introduce different liquids to be evaporated into the two evaporation chambers on the flash tank; one of the liquids to be evaporated is a hydrocarbon, and the other liquid to be evaporated is water;

[0018] The input end of the reformer is connected to the gas outlet of the flash tank, and the output end of the reformer is used to be connected to the fuel cell stack device.

[0019] Preferably, the hydrocarbon is diesel.

[0020] Also provided is an SOFC stack system, comprising an SOFC stack and a reforming hydrogen production device; the SOFC stack is connected to the output end of the reformer and is used for electrochemical reaction to generate electricity and heat.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0022] The flash tank provided by the present invention provides a reduced-pressure flash evaporation environment through the tank body of the flash tank, so that the liquid to be evaporated is subjected to a pressure reduction effect after entering the evaporation chamber, and a heating device is provided in the evaporation chamber to heat the liquid to be evaporated after entering the evaporation chamber; the two liquids to be evaporated enter the two evaporation chambers respectively through the two liquid inlets after being pressurized according to a certain molar ratio, and are simultaneously heated and reduced in pressure to become a gaseous state in the two evaporation chambers, and then flow into the mixer for full mixing, and then are discharged into the required device through the gas outlet. The entire mixing process does not require the provision of a nozzle, etc., to avoid coking, and the gas generated after the evaporation of the two liquids to be evaporated can enter the mixing chamber, and the mixing chamber improves the uniformity of gas mixing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a flash tank in one embodiment disclosed in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the SOFC stack system disclosed in the present invention;

[0026] Among them, 1-liquid inlet, 2-evaporation chamber, 3-tank body, 4-flow guide channel, 5-mixing chamber, 6-gas outlet, 7-hydrocarbon supply mechanism, 8-water supply mechanism, 9-delivery pump, 10-liquid supply pipeline, 11-reformer, 12-SOFC stack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a flash tank, reforming hydrogen production equipment and SOFC stack system to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The two liquids to be evaporated are evaporated by the flash tank and efficiently mixed. The process is simple and coking is avoided.

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the present invention provides a flash tank, comprising a tank body 3 for providing a reduced pressure flash evaporation environment, wherein the tank body 3 is divided into a mixing chamber 5 and two independent evaporation chambers 2; preferably, a plurality of partitions are provided in the tank body 3 to separate the tank into different areas, that is, to separate the mixing chamber 5 and the evaporation chamber 2; an air outlet 6 and two liquid inlets 1 are provided on the tank body 3; the two liquid inlets 1 are respectively connected to one side of the two evaporation chambers 2, and are respectively used to introduce different liquids to be evaporated; the other sides of the two evaporation chambers 2 are connected to the air inlet end of the mixing chamber 5; a heating device is provided in the two evaporation chambers 2; the air outlet 6 is connected to the air outlet end of the mixing chamber 5; specifically, the air outlet 6 and the liquid inlet 1 are both provided on the tank wall of the tank body 3, and the air outlet 6 and the liquid inlet 1 after the opening can be connected to the corresponding The mixing chamber 5 is connected to the evaporation chamber 2; the flash tank provided by the present invention provides a reduced pressure flash evaporation environment through the tank body 3 of the flash tank, so that the liquid to be evaporated is subjected to a pressure reduction effect after entering the evaporation chamber 2, and a heating device is provided in the evaporation chamber 2, so that the liquid to be evaporated is heated after entering the evaporation chamber 2; the two liquids to be evaporated enter the two evaporation chambers 2 respectively through the two liquid inlets 1 after being pressurized in a certain molar ratio, and are simultaneously heated and decompressed into a gaseous state in the two evaporation chambers 2, and then flow into the mixer for full mixing, and then are discharged into the required device through the gas outlet 6. The entire mixing process does not require the provision of a nozzle, etc., to avoid coking, and can enable the gas generated after the evaporation of the two liquids to be evaporated to enter the mixing chamber 5, and the mixing chamber 5 improves the uniformity of gas mixing.

[0031] In a specific embodiment, the flow cross-sections of the two evaporation chambers 2 are respectively larger than the flow cross-sections of the two liquid inlets 1, so that when the liquid to be evaporated flows into the evaporation chamber 2 from the liquid inlet 1, the volume increases and the pressure drops instantly, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of decompressing the liquid to be evaporated.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the tank body 3 is connected to a pressure reducing device that provides a reduced pressure flash evaporation environment to the interior thereof; wherein the pressure reducing device can be a vacuum system, such as a vacuum pump. In a specific production process, the pumping rate can be adjusted by a PID controller and a variable frequency vacuum pump to ensure that the pumping volume matches the flash gas generation volume, avoid "over-pumping" resulting in low tank pressure or system instability, and realize dynamic pressure control; and preferably, a wire mesh demister is provided at the position where the tank body 3 is connected to the pressure reducing device to prevent droplets from being sucked away by the vacuum pump.

[0033] In a specific embodiment, a guide channel 4 located in the tank body 3 is provided between the two evaporation chambers 2 and the mixing chamber 5, wherein the guide channel 4 is also a partial structure in the tank body 3. The output ends of the two evaporation chambers 2 are connected to the air inlet end of the mixing chamber 5 through the guide channel 4. The two evaporation chambers 2 and the mixing chamber 5 are connected through the guide channel 4. Then, after the liquid to be evaporated evaporates into gas, it first enters the guide channel 4 and then flows into the mixing chamber 5. That is to say, the mixing path and mixing time of the two gases are increased, thereby ensuring the sufficiency of mixing and improving the mixing efficiency.

[0034] In a specific embodiment, the two evaporation chambers 2 are located in the middle of the tank body 3 and are arranged in a vertical direction. One side of the two evaporation chambers 2 in the horizontal direction is respectively connected to the two liquid inlets 1, and the other side is provided with a vertically extending guide channel 4. Preferably, the portion of the evaporation chamber 2 close to the guide channel 4 is an open structure as a whole, so as to ensure continuous pressure reduction of the fluid and improve the efficiency of gas discharge into the guide channel 4; the mixing chamber 5 is located at the top position of the tank body 3 and is connected to the top part of the guide channel 4. Preferably, part of the structure of the mixing chamber 5 is located at the top of the tank body 3 and is connected to the top part of the guide channel 4. A partition is provided above one evaporation chamber 2 and between the corresponding evaporation chambers 2. Another portion of the mixing chamber 5 is located above the guide channel 4 and is open-ended, communicating with the guide channel 4 to improve the efficiency of gas discharge from the guide channel 4 into the mixing chamber 5. That is, the guide channel 4 and the two evaporation chambers 2 are located in the middle of the tank body 3, and the mixing chamber 5 is located at the top of the tank body 3, to achieve an optimized arrangement of the guide channel 4, evaporation chamber 2, and mixing chamber 5, thereby improving the utilization rate of the internal space of the tank body 3 and optimizing the structure of the entire tank body 3. In the specific preparation process, after the evaporated liquid is heated and decompressed to become a gas, it enters the guide channel 4 horizontally. Since it is a heated gas, it can flow upward along the vertically extending guide channel 4 and eventually enter the mixing chamber 5 for further mixing.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the gas outlet 6 is connected to the top of the mixing chamber 5 so that the heated gas can be discharged from the mixing chamber 5 from above, thereby ensuring the efficiency of gas discharge.

[0036] In one specific embodiment, the heating device utilizes a microcrystalline heater. The microcrystalline heater is preferably a glass-ceramic electric heater, which has a low coefficient of thermal expansion and excellent thermal conductivity. This allows for rapid and uniform heat transfer throughout the evaporation chamber 2, preventing localized overheating or uneven temperatures. Furthermore, the heater maintains excellent insulation even at high temperatures, minimizing the risk of electrical leakage and improving safety. Preferably, the microcrystalline heater is located at the bottom of the interior of the evaporation chamber 2, with the liquid inlet 1 positioned above the heater to further enhance the effectiveness of heating the entire evaporation chamber 2.

[0037] Furthermore, a reforming hydrogen production device is also provided, including a flash tank, a reformer 11 and two liquid supply pipes 10; the two liquid supply pipes 10 are respectively connected to the two liquid inlets 1 on the flash tank, and are both provided with a delivery pump 9, and are respectively used to introduce different liquids to be evaporated into the two evaporation chambers 2 on the flash tank; one liquid to be evaporated is a hydrocarbon, preferably diesel, which is easy to obtain and can effectively reduce the cost of use. One end of the corresponding liquid supply pipe 10 is connected to a hydrocarbon supply mechanism 7, and the other end is connected to the corresponding liquid inlet 1; the other liquid to be evaporated is water, and one end of the corresponding liquid supply pipe 10 is connected to a water supply mechanism 8, and the other end is connected to the corresponding liquid inlet 1; the input end of the reformer 11 is connected to the air outlet 6 of the flash tank, and the output end of the reformer 11 is used to be connected to the fuel cell device. Hydrocarbons and water are pressurized by the delivery pump 9 in a certain amount ratio and enter the two evaporation chambers 2. The heating of the heating device and the instantaneous volume increase and the pressure reduction of the pressure reducing device evaporate the hydrocarbons and water into gas. After being fully mixed by the mixer, the hydrocarbons and water enter the reformer 11 for reforming and hydrogen production, generating stable hydrogen and CO. Then, the hydrogen and CO are generated through electrochemical reactions in the fuel cell device.

[0038] Furthermore, a SOFC stack 12 system is provided, comprising a SOFC stack 12 and a reforming hydrogen production device; the SOFC stack 12 is connected to the output end of the reformer 11 and is used for electrochemical reaction to generate electricity and heat.

[0039] Adaptive changes based on actual needs are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be encompassed within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claim to which they relate.

[0041] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A flash tank, characterized in that: It includes a flash mixing tank body for providing a reduced pressure flash evaporation environment, wherein the tank body is divided into a mixing chamber and two independent evaporation chambers; The tank body is provided with an air outlet and two liquid inlets; The two liquid inlets are respectively connected to one side of the two evaporation chambers and are used to introduce different liquids to be evaporated; the other sides of the two evaporation chambers are both connected to the air inlet end of the mixing chamber; and a heating device is provided in each of the two evaporation chambers; The air outlet is connected to the air outlet end of the mixing chamber; A guide channel is provided in the tank body between the two evaporation chambers and the mixing chamber, and the output ends of the two evaporation chambers are connected to the air inlet end of the mixing chamber through the guide channel; The two evaporation chambers are both located in the middle of the tank body and arranged in a vertical direction. One side of the two evaporation chambers in the horizontal direction is respectively connected to the two liquid inlets, and the other side is provided with the vertically extending guide channel; The mixing chamber is located at the top end of the tank body and is communicated with the top end portion of the diversion channel.

2. The flash tank according to claim 1, characterized in that The flow cross-sections of the two evaporation chambers are respectively larger than the flow cross-sections of the two liquid inlets.

3. The flash tank according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The tank body is connected to a decompression device for providing a decompression flash evaporation environment inside the tank body.

4. The flash tank according to claim 3, characterized in that The air outlet is communicated with the top of the mixing chamber.

5. The flash tank according to claim 1, characterized in that The heating device adopts a microcrystalline heating body, the microcrystalline heating body is located at the bottom position of the inner side of the evaporation chamber, and the liquid inlet is located above the microcrystalline heating body.

6. A reforming hydrogen production device, characterized in that: It comprises a flash tank, a reformer and two liquid supply pipes according to any one of claims 1 to 5; The two liquid supply pipes are respectively connected to the two liquid inlets on the flash tank, and are both provided with a delivery pump, and are respectively used to introduce different liquids to be evaporated into the two evaporation chambers on the flash tank; one of the liquids to be evaporated is a hydrocarbon, and the other liquid to be evaporated is water; The input end of the reformer is connected to the gas outlet of the flash tank, and the output end of the reformer is used to be connected to the fuel cell stack device.

7. The reforming hydrogen production equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hydrocarbon is diesel.

8. A SOFC stack system, characterized in that: It comprises an SOFC stack and the reforming hydrogen production equipment according to claim 6 or 7; the SOFC stack is connected to the output end of the reformer and is used for electrochemical reaction to generate electricity and heat.

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