Deep hole machining method and deep hole machining device

Abstract

The invention provides a deep hole machining method and device, and belongs to the technical field of machining. The machining method comprises the steps that a machining device is provided, the machining device comprises n gun drills, the lengths of the gun drills are sequentially increased from the first gun drill to the nth gun drill, and the diameters of the gun drills are sequentially decreased; and the gun drills from the first gun drill to the nth gun drill are sequentially adopted to conduct progressive drilling on the surface of the workpiece to be machined till the drilling depth reaches the set depth. The deep hole machining difficulty can be reduced, and the machining precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of mechanical processing technology, and in particular to a deep hole processing method and processing device. Background Art

[0002] CNC machining often requires deep holes with a length greater than 10 mm and a through-hole diameter less than 20 mm to be machined on the workpiece surface. Currently, CNC machine tools are usually used to machine such long and narrow deep holes.

[0003] However, the spindle stroke of CNC machine tools is smaller than the drilling depth of the workpiece, making it difficult to complete deep hole processing with a large depth; and the aspect ratio of the deep hole is too large, making it difficult to observe and detect the processing conditions inside the hole, resulting in difficulty in ensuring the processing accuracy of the deep hole. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present disclosure provides a deep hole machining method and apparatus, which can reduce the difficulty of deep hole machining and improve machining accuracy. The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a deep hole processing method, which includes: providing a processing device, wherein the processing device includes n gun drills, and from the first gun drill to the nth gun drill, the length of the gun drills increases successively, and the diameter of the gun drills decreases successively; using the first gun drill to the nth gun drill in sequence to drill holes progressively on the surface of the workpiece to be processed until the drilling depth reaches a set depth.

[0006] In one implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the length difference between two adjacent gun drills is less than or equal to 1m, the diameter difference between two adjacent gun drills is 0.01mm to 0.02mm, the maximum length of the gun drill is less than or equal to the set depth, and the maximum diameter of the gun drill is less than or equal to the diameter of the deep hole to be processed.

[0007] In another implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, using the gun drill to drill a hole on the surface of a workpiece to be processed includes: each time the gun drill drills a set distance, detecting the radial distance between the actual center axis and the theoretical center axis of the deep hole to be processed; if the radial distance exceeds the set deviation value, correcting the deviation of the workpiece to be processed.

[0008] In another implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, before using the gun drill to drill a hole on the surface of the workpiece to be processed, the method further includes: installing the workpiece to be processed on a fixed tool, the fixed tool including a base, a plurality of pressure plates, a plurality of first pads, a plurality of second pads, a plurality of first screws and a plurality of second screws, the base having a long U-shaped groove, a plurality of first pads arranged at intervals along the length direction of the U-shaped groove at the bottom of the U-shaped groove, a plurality of second pads arranged at intervals along the length direction of the U-shaped groove on a groove wall of the U-shaped groove, the workpiece to be processed Located in the U-shaped groove and on the surface of the first pad, the first screw corresponds to the first pad one by one, the first screw passes through the bottom of the U-shaped groove and abuts against the corresponding first pad, one side wall of the workpiece to be processed abuts against the second pad, each second screw passes through the side wall of the U-shaped groove and abuts against the side wall of the workpiece to be processed away from the second pad, and multiple pressing plates are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the U-shaped groove at the open end of the U-shaped groove, and the pressing plates are pressed onto the surface of the workpiece to be processed away from the first pad.

[0009] In another implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, if the radial distance exceeds the set deviation value, the deviation correction of the workpiece to be processed includes: pressing the pressure plate on the surface of the workpiece to be processed corresponding to the current maximum depth of the deep hole to be processed; if the actual center axis of the deep hole to be processed deviates in the vertical direction along the direction away from the first pad, adjusting the first screw with a set length from the current maximum depth of the deep hole to be processed, so that the corresponding first pad moves away from the bottom of the U-shaped groove by a set adjustment amount; if the actual center axis of the deep hole to be processed deviates in the vertical direction along the direction close to the first pad, adjusting the distance from the deep hole to be processed The first screw of the set length is set at the current maximum depth of the deep hole to be processed, so that the corresponding first pad is moved toward the bottom of the U-shaped groove by a set adjustment amount; if the actual center axis of the deep hole to be processed is offset in the horizontal direction along the direction away from the second pad, the thickness of the second pad is increased by the set length from the current maximum depth of the deep hole to be processed, and the thickness increase value of the second pad is the set adjustment amount; if the actual center axis of the deep hole to be processed is offset in the horizontal direction along the direction close to the second pad, the thickness of the second pad is reduced by the set length from the current maximum depth of the deep hole to be processed, and the thickness reduction value of the second pad is the set adjustment amount.

[0010] In another implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the radial distance includes a first spacing in the vertical direction between the actual center axis of the deep hole to be processed and the theoretical center axis, and a second spacing in the horizontal direction between the actual center axis of the deep hole to be processed and the theoretical center axis; detecting the radial distance between the actual center axis of the deep hole to be processed and the theoretical center axis includes: using a thickness gauge to detect the shortest distance from the surface of the workpiece to be processed to the inner wall of the deep hole to be processed in the vertical direction to obtain a first minimum wall thickness; taking the difference between the shortest distance in the vertical direction from the surface of the workpiece to be processed to the inner wall of the deep hole to be processed at the theoretical position and the first minimum wall thickness as the first spacing; using a thickness gauge to detect the shortest distance in the horizontal direction from the surface of the workpiece to be processed to the inner wall of the deep hole to be processed at the theoretical position and the second minimum wall thickness as the second spacing.

[0011] In another implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, in another implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the set distance is 100 mm to 150 mm, and the deviation value is half of the position accuracy of the deep hole.

[0012] In another implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, after the first to nth gun drills are used sequentially to drill holes progressively on the surface of the workpiece to be processed, the method further includes: turning the workpiece to be processed so that the surface of the workpiece to be processed opposite to the surface where the hole is formed faces the gun drill; and sequentially using the first to nth gun drills to drill holes progressively on the workpiece to be processed to form a deep hole penetrating the workpiece to be processed.

[0013] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a deep hole processing device, which is used to perform the processing method as described above. The processing device includes n gun drills, and from the first gun drill to the nth gun drill, the length of the gun drill increases successively, and the diameter of the gun drill decreases successively.

[0014] In another implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the processing device also includes a fixed tooling, which includes a base, a plurality of pressure plates, a plurality of first pads, a plurality of second pads, a plurality of first screws and a plurality of second screws, the base having a long U-shaped groove, a plurality of first pads arranged at intervals along the length direction of the U-shaped groove at the bottom of the groove, a plurality of second pads arranged at intervals along the length direction of the U-shaped groove on a groove wall of the U-shaped groove, the workpiece to be processed is located in the U-shaped groove and on the surface of the first pad, the first screws correspond to the first pads one by one, the first screws pass through the bottom of the U-shaped groove and abut against the corresponding first pad, a side wall of the workpiece to be processed abuts against the second pad, each second screw passes through the side wall of the U-shaped groove and abuts against the side wall of the workpiece to be processed away from the second pad, a plurality of pressure plates are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the U-shaped groove at the open end of the U-shaped groove, and the pressure plate is pressed on the surface of the workpiece to be processed away from the first pad.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure include at least:

[0016] The deep hole machining method provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure utilizes a machining device to drill a deep hole in the surface of a workpiece. During the machining process, a first gun drill, followed by an nth gun drill, is used to progressively drill a hole in the surface of the workpiece until the drilling depth reaches a set depth. The gun drill lengths increase and the gun drill diameters decrease from the first gun drill to the nth gun drill.

[0017] Compared to the prior art method of drilling directly with a single drill bit, the disclosed embodiment utilizes multiple gun drills of increasing length. First, the shorter first gun drill ensures better positioning during initial drilling. Because the first gun drill maintains a shorter contact length with the workpiece, it is easier to maintain the drill's linear motion under reduced cutting forces. As the drilling depth increases, the subsequent, longer (nth) gun drill extends the previously drilled hole, providing excellent guidance and ensuring the straightness of the entire deep hole.

[0018] Furthermore, when drilling with multiple gun drills of decreasing diameter, starting with the largest diameter gun drill removes the majority of the material, creating a more stable hole wall foundation. As the gun drill diameter decreases, further finishing the hole wall builds upon the existing foundation, gradually improving the hole diameter accuracy and effectively reducing drill bit vibration during the drilling process, thereby preventing hole diameter deviation.

[0019] At the same time, the progressive drilling method allows the gun drill to perform a finishing action on the hole wall at each stage. After the larger diameter gun drill initially forms the hole wall, the smaller diameter gun drill can further remove burrs, squeeze, and smooth the hole wall surface during the subsequent drilling process, reducing the surface roughness of the final deep hole wall and significantly improving the surface quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a deep hole machining method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a gun drill provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a tool bar provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a cutter head provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a workpiece to be processed provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a front view of a fixing tool provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a fixing tool provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a deep hole position detection method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of deep hole correction provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] The descriptions of the marks in the figure are as follows:

[0031] 10. Gun drill; 11. Cutter head; 12. Cutter bar; 13. Cutter handle; 14. Oil guide hole; 15. Chip removal groove;

[0032] 21. Base; 210. U-shaped groove;

[0033] 22. Pressing plate; 23. First pad; 24. Second pad; 25. First screw; 26. Second screw;

[0034] 30. Workpiece to be processed; 31. Deep hole to be processed;

[0035] 40. Probe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more clear, the embodiments of the present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms "first," "second," "third," and similar words used in the patent specification and claims of this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish between different components. Similarly, terms such as "a" or "an" do not indicate a quantitative limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. Terms such as "include" or "comprising" mean that the elements or objects preceding "include" or "comprising" encompass the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprising," and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "top," and "bottom" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a deep hole processing method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 As shown, the processing method includes:

[0039] Step 101: Provide a processing device.

[0040] The processing device includes n gun drills, and from the first gun drill to the nth gun drill, the length of the gun drill increases successively, and the diameter of the gun drill decreases successively.

[0041] Step 102: Using the first gun drill to the nth gun drill in sequence to drill holes progressively on the surface of the workpiece to be processed until the drilling depth reaches a set depth.

[0042] The deep hole machining method provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure utilizes a machining device to drill a deep hole in the surface of a workpiece. During the machining process, a first gun drill, followed by an nth gun drill, is used to progressively drill a hole in the surface of the workpiece until the drilling depth reaches a set depth. The gun drill lengths increase and the gun drill diameters decrease from the first gun drill to the nth gun drill.

[0043] Compared to the prior art method of drilling directly with a single drill bit, the disclosed embodiment utilizes multiple gun drills of increasing length. First, the shorter first gun drill ensures better positioning during initial drilling. Because the first gun drill maintains a shorter contact length with the workpiece, it is easier to maintain the drill's linear motion under reduced cutting forces. As the drilling depth increases, the subsequent, longer (nth) gun drill extends the previously drilled hole, providing excellent guidance and ensuring the straightness of the entire deep hole.

[0044] Furthermore, when drilling with multiple gun drills of decreasing diameter, starting with the largest diameter gun drill removes the majority of the material, creating a more stable hole wall foundation. As the gun drill diameter decreases, further finishing the hole wall builds upon the existing foundation, gradually improving the hole diameter accuracy and effectively reducing drill bit vibration during the drilling process, thereby preventing hole diameter deviation.

[0045] At the same time, the progressive drilling method allows the gun drill to perform a finishing action on the hole wall at each stage. After the larger diameter gun drill initially forms the hole wall, the smaller diameter gun drill can further remove burrs, squeeze, and smooth the hole wall surface during the subsequent drilling process, reducing the surface roughness of the final deep hole wall and significantly improving the surface quality.

[0046] In addition, a larger diameter gun drill can create a larger chip removal space in the early stages of drilling, which is conducive to chip discharge. As the drilling depth increases, although the hole diameter gradually decreases, the good chip removal channel has been established in the early stage, and the subsequent drill bit continuously trims the hole wall during the drilling process, so that the chips can be discharged more smoothly in the subsequent drilling process, avoiding problems such as scratches on the hole wall caused by chip accumulation.

[0047] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gun drill 10 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 As shown, the gun drill 10 includes a coaxially connected cutter head 11, a cutter shank 12, and a shank 13. The cutter shank 12, cutter head 11, and shank 13 are welded together. The cutter head 11 is made of cemented carbide, while the cutter shank 12 and shank 13 are made of high-strength alloy steel. The diameter of the cutter shank 12 is 1 mm to 1.5 mm smaller than that of the cutter head 11.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the total length L of the gun drill 10 includes the maximum drilling depth L1 and the support clamping length L2 of the machine tool, where L= L1 + L2.

[0049] In the disclosed embodiment, when selecting the gun drill 10, the length difference between two adjacent gun drills 10 can be controlled to be less than or equal to 1 meter, and the diameter difference between two adjacent gun drills 10 can be controlled to be 0.01 mm to 0.02 mm. The maximum length of the gun drill 10 is less than or equal to the set depth, and the maximum diameter of the gun drill 10 is less than or equal to the diameter of the deep hole 31 to be machined.

[0050] The set depth may be the total length of the deep hole, and the set depth may be less than the total length of the deep hole and greater than half of the total length of the deep hole.

[0051] For example, when the length of the deep hole is less than or equal to 6 m, multiple gun drills 10 may be directly used to drill holes in a progressive manner to form a 6 m deep hole.

[0052] For example, when the length of the deep hole is greater than 6 m, drilling only from one side of the workpiece 30 may not completely penetrate the workpiece 30. After executing step 102, the process may further include: rotating the workpiece 30 so that the surface of the workpiece 30 opposite the hole faces the gun drill 10; and progressively drilling holes in the workpiece 30 using the first gun drill 10 to the nth gun drill 10 to form a deep hole penetrating the workpiece 30.

[0053] For example, when the length of the deep hole reaches 10m and the deep hole penetrates the workpiece, multiple gun drills 10 can be used to progressively form a blind hole less than 10m on one end face of the workpiece, and then multiple gun drills 10 can be used to progressively form a through hole connecting the blind hole on the other end face of the workpiece.

[0054] In this embodiment, a deep hole with a length of 12 meters and a diameter of 10 mm needs to be drilled in a workpiece. Six gun drills 10 can be used, with the length difference between adjacent gun drills 10 being 1 meter and the diameter difference between adjacent gun drills 10 being 0.02 mm. The set depth can be set between 6 and 7 meters, and the maximum diameter of the gun drill 10 is 10 mm.

[0055] For example, the first gun drill 10 has a diameter of 10.0 mm and a length of 2 m, and the drilling depth of the first gun drill can be 1.2 m; the second gun drill 10 has a diameter of 9.98 mm and a length of 3 m, and the drilling depth of the second gun drill can be 3 m; the third gun drill 10 has a diameter of 9.96 mm and a length of 4 m, and the drilling depth of the third gun drill can be 4 m; the fourth gun drill 10 has a diameter of 9.94 mm and a length of 5 m, and the drilling depth of the fourth gun drill can be 5 m; the fifth gun drill 10 has a diameter of 9.92 mm and a length of 6 m, and the drilling depth of the fifth gun drill can be 6 m; the sixth gun drill 10 has a diameter of 9.90 mm and a length of 7 m, and the drilling depth of the sixth gun drill can be 6.1 m.

[0056] Figure 3 1 is a cross-sectional view of a knife bar 12 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 As shown, the inside of the shank 12 is provided with an oil guide hole 14 that passes through the shank 12. Figure 2 、 3 As shown, the outer surface of the tool shank 12 is provided with a 120° V-shaped chip groove 15.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the inside of the knife handle 13 is also provided with an oil guide hole 14 which passes through the knife handle 13. Figure 3 The oil conducting through hole 14 of the illustrated tool rod 12 has the same structure, and the oil conducting through hole 14 of the tool handle 13 is connected to the oil conducting through hole 14 of the tool rod 12 .

[0058] Figure 4 1 is a cross-sectional view of a cutter head 11 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4 As shown, the inside of the cutter head 11 is provided with two oil conducting holes 14 arranged at intervals and passing through the cutter head 11. The oil conducting holes 14 on the cutter head 11 are all connected to the oil conducting holes 14 on the cutter rod 12. Figure 2 、 4 As shown, the outer surface of the cutter head 11 is provided with a 120° V-shaped chip groove 15 .

[0059] In this way, when drilling a hole with the gun drill 10 , lubricating liquid can be injected through the oil guide hole 14 to cool the gun drill 10 and prevent the gun drill 10 from burning.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, before executing step 102 of drilling a hole on the surface of the workpiece 30 to be processed using the gun drill 10 , the process further includes: mounting the workpiece 30 to be processed on a fixed fixture.

[0061] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of a workpiece 30 to be processed provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5As shown, the cross-section of the workpiece 30 to be processed is rectangular, and the length of the workpiece 30 to be processed is 12m. The deep hole 31 to be processed is located on the end face of the workpiece 30 to be processed, and the deep hole 31 to be processed passes through the workpiece 30 to be processed. The diameter of the deep hole 31 to be processed is 10mm.

[0062] For example, Figure 5 As shown, the shortest distance between the center of the deep hole and the side of the workpiece 30 to be processed in the vertical direction is Y; the shortest distance between the center of the deep hole and the side of the workpiece 30 to be processed in the horizontal direction is X. The positional accuracy of the distance between the center of the deep hole and the side of the workpiece 30 to be processed is required to be ±1 mm.

[0063] Among them, in order to facilitate the precise measurement of subsequent deep hole processing, the four sides of the workpiece before the deep hole should be perpendicular to each other, and the surface finish should be guaranteed to meet the finish requirements required by ultrasonic testing.

[0064] Figure 6 This is a front view of a fixing tool provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7 : is a cross-sectional view of a fixing tool provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 6 、 7 As shown, the fixing fixture includes a base 21 , a plurality of pressing plates 22 , a plurality of first pads 23 , a plurality of second pads 24 , a plurality of first screws 25 and a plurality of second screws 26 .

[0065] The base 21 has a long U-shaped groove 210 , a plurality of first pads 23 are arranged at intervals along the length of the U-shaped groove 210 at the bottom of the U-shaped groove 210 , and a plurality of second pads 24 are arranged at intervals along the length of the U-shaped groove 210 at a groove wall of the U-shaped groove 210 .

[0066] like Figure 7 As shown, the workpiece 30 to be processed is located in the U-shaped groove 210 and on the surface of the first pad 23. The first screw 25 corresponds to the first pad 23 one by one. The first screw 25 passes through the bottom of the U-shaped groove 210 and abuts against the corresponding first pad 23. One side wall of the workpiece 30 to be processed abuts against the second pad 24. Each second screw 26 passes through the side wall of the U-shaped groove 210 and abuts against the side wall of the workpiece 30 to be processed away from the second pad 24. A plurality of pressure plates 22 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the U-shaped groove 210 at the open end of the U-shaped groove 210, and the pressure plates 22 are pressed onto the surface of the workpiece 30 to be processed away from the first pad 23.

[0067] Exemplarily, the first screws 25 are spaced apart at a distance of 100 mm to 200 mm, and the second screws 26 are spaced apart at a distance of 100 mm to 200 mm.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the spacing distance between the first pads in the U-shaped groove 210 is 200 mm to 300 mm, and the spacing distance between the second pads is 200 mm to 300 mm.

[0069] Exemplarily, both the first spacer and the second spacer may be copper blocks.

[0070] like Figure 6 、 7 As shown, the upper portion of the workpiece 30 to be processed is vertically pressed by the pressing plate 22, and the side of the workpiece 30 to be processed is pressed by the second screw 26. Using a fixed fixture to fix the workpiece 30 to be processed can prevent the workpiece 30 from loosening during drilling and improve the accuracy of drilling.

[0071] Among them, since the cutting force is relatively small, in order to facilitate the subsequent correction and adjustment of the workpiece, during the initial clamping, it is only necessary to control part of the pressing plate 22 to press the head end of the workpiece for a distance of about 500mm to 1000mm, and the rest of the section can be in a free state.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, each time a gun drill 10 is used to drill a hole in step 102, the step 102 may include the following two steps:

[0073] In the first step, each time the gun drill 10 drills a set distance, the radial distance between the actual center axis and the theoretical center axis of the deep hole 31 to be machined is detected.

[0074] Exemplarily, the distance is set to 100 mm to 150 mm.

[0075] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a deep hole position detection method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 8 As shown, the disclosed embodiment uses an ultrasonic thickness gauge to detect deep hole locations. The ultrasonic thickness gauge operates based on the principle of ultrasonic pulse reflection. A probe 40 contacts the surface of a material. Upon reaching the interface of the object being measured, the ultrasonic pulse emitted by the probe 40 is reflected back to the probe 40 at the interface. The instrument accurately measures the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave in the material, thereby calculating the thickness of the object at the interface. The measured thickness is displayed on the instrument's display, i.e., thickness H = Vt / 2 (where V is the velocity of sound in the object being measured and t is the time it takes for the ultrasonic wave to travel through the object).

[0076] like Figure 8 As shown, by manually moving the detection point of the thickness gauge probe 40, the minimum wall thickness X of the deep hole of the workpiece at any depth position can be detected. min and Y minBased on the difference between the actual minimum wall thickness of the deep hole and the theoretical minimum wall thickness, the offset and direction of the deep hole at that position relative to the x-axis and y-axis can be determined. Based on the size of the offset, the offset value and direction of the actual hole relative to the theoretical hole can be determined. Different materials and different measured wall thicknesses correspond to different actual sound velocity values. The sound velocity calibration value for each deep hole wall thickness inspection is calibrated based on the actual wall thickness value of the hole mouth. That is, by adjusting the wall thickness value of the instrument to make the measured wall thickness value the same as the theoretical value, the calibrated sound velocity value is used as the block velocity calibration value for subsequent internal deep hole inspections.

[0077] Optionally, the radial distance includes a first spacing and a second spacing.

[0078] like Figure 8 As shown, the first distance is the distance between the actual center axis of the deep hole 31 to be machined and the theoretical center axis in the vertical direction (Y0-Y min ), the second spacing is the spacing between the actual center axis of the deep hole 31 to be processed and the theoretical center axis in the horizontal direction (X0-X min ).

[0079] In the first step, detecting the radial distance between the actual center axis and the theoretical center axis of the deep hole 31 to be machined may include:

[0080] The thickness gauge is used to detect the shortest distance from the surface of the workpiece 30 to the inner wall of the deep hole 31 to be processed in the vertical direction to obtain the first minimum wall thickness Y min .

[0081] The shortest distance Y0 in the vertical direction from the surface of the workpiece 30 to the inner wall of the deep hole 31 to be processed at the theoretical position and the first minimum wall thickness Y min The difference between the first spacing (Y0-Y min ).

[0082] The thickness gauge is used to detect the shortest distance from the surface of the workpiece 30 to the inner wall of the deep hole 31 to be processed in the horizontal direction, and the second minimum wall thickness X is obtained. min .

[0083] The shortest distance X0 in the horizontal direction from the surface of the workpiece 30 to the inner wall of the deep hole 31 to be processed at the theoretical position and the second minimum wall thickness X min The difference is taken as the second spacing (X0-X min ).

[0084] In the second step, if the radial distance exceeds the set deviation value, the workpiece 30 to be processed is corrected.

[0085] The deviation value is half of the position accuracy of the deep hole. For example, the position accuracy of the deep hole is 1 mm, so the deviation value is 0.5 mm.

[0086] In the implementation of the present disclosure, when the first distance exceeds the deviation value, and Y0 is greater than Y min , it indicates that the actual center axis of the deep hole 31 to be machined is offset in the vertical direction away from the first pad 23 .

[0087] When the first spacing exceeds the deviation value and Y0 is less than Y min , it indicates that the actual center axis of the deep hole 31 to be machined is offset in the vertical direction toward the first pad 23 .

[0088] When the second spacing exceeds the deviation value and X0 is greater than X min , it indicates that the actual center axis of the deep hole 31 to be machined is offset in the horizontal direction away from the second pad 24.

[0089] When the second spacing exceeds the deviation value and X0 is less than X min , it indicates that the actual center axis of the deep hole 31 to be machined is offset in the horizontal direction along the direction close to the second pad 24.

[0090] Therefore, the second step may specifically include: firstly pressing the pressing plate 22 on the surface of the workpiece 30 to be processed at a position corresponding to the current maximum depth of the deep hole 31 to be processed.

[0091] If the actual center axis of the deep hole 31 to be processed is offset in the vertical direction away from the first pad 23, the first screw 25 is adjusted to a set length at the current maximum depth of the deep hole 31 to be processed, so that the corresponding first pad 23 moves away from the bottom of the U-shaped groove 210 by the set adjustment amount.

[0092] If the actual center axis of the deep hole 31 to be processed is offset in the vertical direction along the direction close to the first pad 23, the first screw 25 is adjusted to a set length from the current maximum depth of the deep hole 31 to be processed, so that the corresponding first pad 23 moves toward the bottom of the U-shaped groove 210 by the set adjustment amount.

[0093] If the actual center axis of the deep hole 31 to be processed is offset in the horizontal direction away from the second pad 24, the thickness of the second pad 24 is increased by a set length from the current maximum depth of the deep hole 31 to be processed, and the thickness increase value of the second pad 24 is the set adjustment amount.

[0094] If the actual center axis of the deep hole 31 to be processed is offset in the horizontal direction along the direction close to the second pad 24, the thickness of the second pad 24 is reduced by a set length from the current maximum depth of the deep hole 31 to be processed, and the thickness reduction value of the second pad 24 is the set adjustment amount.

[0095] In an example provided in the present disclosure, the first distance exceeds the deviation value, and Y0 is greater than Y min . Figure 9 Schematic diagram of a deep hole correction provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 9 As shown, the actual center axis of the deep hole 31 to be machined is offset in the vertical direction away from the first pad 23 .

[0096] like Figure 9 As shown, during correction, the pressure plate 22 is first pressed against the surface of the workpiece 30 at a point corresponding to the current maximum depth of the deep hole 31 to be machined. Then, the first screw 25 is adjusted to a set length from the current maximum depth of the deep hole 31 to be machined, causing the corresponding first pad 23 to move away from the bottom of the U-shaped groove 210 by a set adjustment amount. This causes the subsequent unmachined portion of the workpiece 30 to bend upward, while the deep hole in the previous portion is also offset upward. This ensures that the central axis of the deep hole in the workpiece after correction is as close as possible to the actual tool feed axis.

[0097] Exemplarily, the length A is set to 200 mm to 300 mm.

[0098] Exemplarily, the adjustment amount B is set to 1 mm.

[0099] The present disclosure provides a deep hole machining device. The device is configured to perform the aforementioned machining method. The device includes n gun drills 10 , with the lengths of the gun drills 10 increasing and the diameters of the gun drills 10 decreasing from the first gun drill 10 to the nth gun drill 10 .

[0100] like Figure 2 As shown, each gun drill 10 includes a coaxially connected cutter head 11, a cutter shank 12, and a shank 13. The cutter shank 12, cutter head 11, and shank 13 are welded together. The cutter head 11 is made of cemented carbide, while the cutter shank 12 and shank 13 are made of high-strength alloy steel. The diameter of the cutter shank 12 is 1 mm to 1.5 mm smaller than that of the cutter head 11.

[0101] like Figure 2 As shown, the total length L of the gun drill 10 includes the maximum drilling depth L1 and the support clamping length L2 of the machine tool, L= L1 + L2.

[0102] In the disclosed embodiment, when selecting the gun drill 10, the length difference between two adjacent gun drills 10 can be controlled to be less than or equal to 1 meter, and the diameter difference between two adjacent gun drills 10 can be controlled to be 0.01 mm to 0.02 mm. The maximum length of the gun drill 10 is less than or equal to the set depth, and the maximum diameter of the gun drill 10 is less than or equal to the diameter of the deep hole 31 to be machined.

[0103] Alternatively, as Figure 6 、 7As shown, the processing device further includes a fixing tool, which includes a base 21, a plurality of pressing plates 22, a plurality of first pads 23, a plurality of second pads 24, a plurality of first screws 25 and a plurality of second screws 26.

[0104] The base 21 has a long U-shaped groove 210 , a plurality of first pads 23 are arranged at intervals along the length of the U-shaped groove 210 at the bottom of the U-shaped groove 210 , and a plurality of second pads 24 are arranged at intervals along the length of the U-shaped groove 210 at a groove wall of the U-shaped groove 210 .

[0105] like Figure 7 As shown, the workpiece 30 to be processed is located in the U-shaped groove 210 and on the surface of the first pad 23. The first screw 25 corresponds to the first pad 23 one by one. The first screw 25 passes through the bottom of the U-shaped groove 210 and abuts against the corresponding first pad 23. One side wall of the workpiece 30 to be processed abuts against the second pad 24. Each second screw 26 passes through the side wall of the U-shaped groove 210 and abuts against the side wall of the workpiece 30 to be processed away from the second pad 24. A plurality of pressure plates 22 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the U-shaped groove 210 at the open end of the U-shaped groove 210, and the pressure plates 22 are pressed onto the surface of the workpiece 30 to be processed away from the first pad 23.

[0106] Exemplarily, the first screws 25 are spaced apart at a distance of 100 mm to 200 mm, and the second screws 26 are spaced apart at a distance of 100 mm to 200 mm.

[0107] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the spacing distance between the first pads in the U-shaped groove 210 is 200 mm to 300 mm, and the spacing distance between the second pads is 200 mm to 300 mm.

[0108] Exemplarily, both the first spacer and the second spacer may be copper blocks.

[0109] like Figure 6 、 7 As shown, the upper portion of the workpiece 30 to be processed is vertically pressed by the pressing plate 22, and the side of the workpiece 30 to be processed is pressed by the second screw 26. Using a fixed fixture to fix the workpiece 30 to be processed can prevent the workpiece 30 from loosening during drilling and improve the accuracy of drilling.

[0110] The above does not limit the present disclosure in any form. Although the present disclosure has been disclosed as above through the embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any technician familiar with the profession can make slight changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes using the technical content disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present disclosure. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present disclosure without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present disclosure are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A deep hole processing method, characterized in that: The processing method comprises: Providing a processing device, the processing device comprising n gun drills, wherein from the first gun drill to the nth gun drill, the lengths of the gun drills increase successively, and the diameters of the gun drills decrease successively; The first gun drill to the nth gun drill are sequentially used to drill holes progressively on the surface of the workpiece to be processed until the drilling depth reaches the set depth.

2. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length difference between two adjacent gun drills is less than or equal to 1m, the diameter difference between two adjacent gun drills is 0.01mm to 0.02mm, the maximum length of the gun drill is less than or equal to the set depth, and the maximum diameter of the gun drill is less than or equal to the diameter of the deep hole to be processed.

3. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Drilling a hole on the surface of a workpiece to be processed by using the gun drill includes: Each time the gun drill drills a set distance, it detects the radial distance between the actual center axis of the deep hole to be machined and the theoretical center axis; If the radial distance exceeds the set deviation value, the workpiece to be processed is corrected.

4. The processing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Before drilling a hole on the surface of a workpiece to be processed using the gun drill, the method further includes: The fixing means of the fixing body is fixed to the fixing body, wherein the fixing body is fixed to the fixing body with the fixing means being fixed thereto.

5. The processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: If the radial distance exceeds the set deviation value, the workpiece to be processed is corrected, including: Pressing the pressing plate on the surface of the workpiece to be machined at a position corresponding to the current maximum depth of the deep hole to be machined; If the actual center axis of the deep hole to be machined is offset in the vertical direction in a direction away from the first pad, the first screw having a set length from the current maximum depth of the deep hole to be machined is adjusted to move the corresponding first pad away from the bottom of the U-shaped groove by the set adjustment amount; If the actual center axis of the deep hole to be machined deviates in the vertical direction in a direction close to the first pad, the first screw with a set length from the current maximum depth of the deep hole to be machined is adjusted to move the corresponding first pad closer to the bottom of the U-shaped groove by the set adjustment amount; If the actual center axis of the deep hole to be processed deviates in the horizontal direction in a direction away from the second pad, the thickness of the second pad is increased by a set length from the current maximum depth of the deep hole to be processed, and the increase in the thickness of the second pad is the set adjustment amount; If the actual center axis of the deep hole to be processed is offset in the horizontal direction along the direction close to the second pad, the thickness of the second pad is reduced by a set length from the current maximum depth of the deep hole to be processed, and the thickness reduction value of the second pad is the set adjustment amount.

6. The processing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radial distance includes a first distance between the actual center axis of the deep hole to be machined and the theoretical center axis in the vertical direction, and a second distance between the actual center axis of the deep hole to be machined and the theoretical center axis in the horizontal direction; Detecting the radial distance between the actual center axis and the theoretical center axis of the deep hole to be machined includes: Using a thickness gauge to detect the shortest distance from the surface of the workpiece to be machined to the inner wall of the deep hole to be machined in the vertical direction, to obtain a first minimum wall thickness; The first spacing is determined by taking the difference between the shortest distance in the vertical direction from the surface of the workpiece to be machined to the inner wall of the deep hole to be machined at the theoretical position and the first minimum wall thickness; A thickness gauge is used to detect the shortest distance from the surface of the workpiece to be machined to the inner wall of the deep hole to be machined in the horizontal direction to obtain the second minimum wall thickness; The difference between the shortest distance in the horizontal direction from the surface of the workpiece to be machined to the inner wall of the deep hole to be machined at the theoretical position and the second minimum wall thickness is used as the second spacing.

7. The processing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The set distance is 100 mm to 150 mm, and the deviation value is half of the position accuracy of the deep hole.

8. The processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: After the first gun drill to the nth gun drill are used to drill holes progressively on the surface of the workpiece to be machined, the method further includes: Turning the workpiece to be processed so that the surface of the workpiece opposite to the hole formed therein faces the gun drill; The first gun drill to the nth gun drill are sequentially used to drill holes progressively on the workpiece to be processed, so as to form a deep hole penetrating the workpiece to be processed.

9. A deep hole processing device, characterized in that: The processing device is used to perform the processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the processing device includes n gun drills, and from the first gun drill to the nth gun drill, the length of the gun drill increases successively, and the diameter of the gun drill decreases successively.

10. The processing device according to claim 9, characterized in that The fixing device further comprises a fixing tool, wherein the fixing tool comprises a base, a plurality of pressure plates, a plurality of first pads, a plurality of second pads, a plurality of first screws and a plurality of second screws, the base having a long U-shaped groove, a plurality of first pads being arranged at intervals along the length direction of the U-shaped groove at the groove bottom of the U-shaped groove, and a plurality of second pads being arranged at intervals along the length direction of the U-shaped groove on a groove wall of the U-shaped groove, the workpiece to be processed is located in the U-shaped groove and on the surface of the first pad, the first screws correspond to the first pads one by one, the first screws pass through the groove bottom of the U-shaped groove and abut against the corresponding first pad, a side wall of the workpiece to be processed abuts against the second pad, each second screw passes through the side wall of the U-shaped groove and abuts against the side wall of the workpiece to be processed away from the second pad, a plurality of pressure plates are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the U-shaped groove at the open end of the U-shaped groove, and the pressure plate is pressed on the surface of the workpiece to be processed away from the first pad.

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