Auxiliary supporting mechanism for assembling internal parts of Tokamak and assembling method

Abstract

According to the auxiliary supporting mechanism for assembling the internal parts of the Tokamak and the assembling method, all auxiliary stand columns and a center stand column are installed at the same center distance, and the center stand column is provided with an upper-layer disc-type turn buckle supporting mechanism and a lower-layer disc-type turn buckle supporting mechanism so as to be connected with the outer surface of a vertical section of a vacuum chamber ring petal; the outer side supporting mechanism is connected around the outer surface of the vacuum chamber ring valve set, the double-column type bottom supporting table is located below the vacuum chamber ring valve set, and the vacuum chamber ring valve set is supported from the outer side and the lower portion of the vacuum chamber ring valve set; a stand column connecting rod is connected between every two adjacent auxiliary stand columns, and a limiting mechanism capable of extending into a window in a vacuum chamber ring petal is installed on each stand column connecting rod. The U-shaped operation platform penetrates through the vacuum chamber ring petal set, and a plurality of small internal part assembling auxiliary tools are movably installed on the surface of the U-shaped operation platform. The method is wide in application range, can effectively solve the problems that transportation channels of internal parts are few and the assembly construction space is limited, and reduces the construction difficulty and the construction cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nuclear fusion equipment installation, in particular to an auxiliary support mechanism and an assembly method for tokamak internal components. Background Art

[0002] Nuclear fusion energy is a new type of clean energy, and controlled nuclear fusion is a key area of research and exploration being actively pursued worldwide. Controlled nuclear fusion utilizes a fusion device called a tokamak to magnetically confine high-temperature plasma, causing it to fuse within a vacuum chamber. This releases enormous amounts of energy, which is then converted into energy for human use.

[0003] A tokamak is composed of thousands of components. Its main vacuum chamber is a closed, hollow, donut-like structure constructed from welded D-shaped petals. For ease of processing and manufacturing, the chamber is divided into n separate petals (typically 8 or 9), each D-shaped and designated as a 1 / n vacuum chamber. Assembly typically involves lowering each vacuum chamber into the tokamak's main pit, where they are assembled and welded together until they form a ring. The internal components are then transported and installed. The vacuum chamber houses a large number of internal components, including the divertor, blanket, fast control coil, and passive feedback plate. The variety and number of these components make smooth assembly a crucial step in the completion of the tokamak's mainframe construction.

[0004] The assembly of internal components within the tokamak's vacuum chamber is typically a late stage in the overall assembly of the tokamak's mainframe. The vacuum chamber's ring-shaped welding is performed within the tokamak's mainframe pit, followed by the subsequent assembly of internal components. During the assembly process, internal components can only be transported into the vacuum chamber through the relatively small vacuum chamber windows, resulting in limited available transport channels. Furthermore, once the vacuum chamber is ringed, the available assembly space within it is limited, making it impossible to utilize a significant amount of large, heavy tooling equipment. This increases the difficulty and cost of assembly work, slowing the overall progress of the tokamak's mainframe assembly.

[0005] In addition, the assembly method of internal components after the tokamak vacuum chamber is closed is a serial method. Since the internal components of the tokamak contain tens of thousands of parts, the serial assembly method has a long construction period. During the process, various types of transportation tooling built on the outside of the tokamak main unit occupy the construction space of other systems of the main unit. The assembly of other systems needs to be stopped and wait for the installation of internal components to be completed before continuing, which further slows down the overall assembly progress of the tokamak main unit.

[0006] More specifically, methods for assembling tokamaks' internal components include the upper window hoisting method and the middle window track method. The upper window hoisting method is primarily used in large tokamaks, where internal component assembly occurs after the vacuum chamber is formed into a ring. This method utilizes the upper window to directly hoist internal components into the vacuum chamber, but requires the tokamak's upper window to be large enough to accommodate all internal components, making it unsuitable for small tokamaks. The middle window track method, primarily used in the international collaborative project ITER fusion experimental reactor, also begins internal component assembly after the vacuum chamber is formed into a ring. Internal components are transported via a track built within the vacuum chamber's middle window, and most assembly aids, such as robotic arms, also enter the vacuum chamber through the middle window. This method has the advantage of not requiring consideration of the upper window size, and the various assembly tools and equipment used are highly automated. However, its disadvantage is the lengthy assembly cycle and the need to design numerous types of costly automated equipment.

[0007] The assembly auxiliary tooling and mechanisms used in the above method are only constructed after the vacuum chamber is closed. During the construction and use process, a large amount of space inside and outside the tokamak host is required, occupying the installation position of other components and systems of the host, resulting in the inability to carry out construction of other components, slowing down the overall assembly process of the tokamak host. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the introduction to the above technical status quo, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary support mechanism and assembly method for the assembly of tokamak internal components, which is suitable for the assembly of all annular tokamak vacuum chambers and has a wide range of applications. It can effectively solve the problems of few internal component transportation channels and limited assembly construction space, reduce construction difficulty and construction costs, thereby effectively improving the assembly efficiency and assembly quality of internal components, and greatly accelerating the final assembly progress of the tokamak main engine.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an auxiliary support mechanism for assembling internal components of a tokamak, comprising a central column and at least two auxiliary columns, all of which are vertically mounted. All the auxiliary columns are mounted at equal center distances from the central column. The central column is provided with an upper and lower layer of disc-type basket bolt support mechanisms, wherein the disc-type basket bolt support mechanism comprises a connecting disk coaxially mounted on the outer surface of the central column, and basket bolts connected around the connecting disk in an annular array, wherein one end of the basket bolt is connected to the outer surface of the vertical section of the vacuum chamber ring petal; and further comprising a bracket surrounding the outer surface of the vacuum chamber ring petal group. The outer supporting mechanism connected to the surface and the double-column bottom supporting platform located below the vacuum chamber ring petal group are used to support the vacuum chamber ring petal group from the outside and below of the vacuum chamber ring petal group respectively; the top ends of the two adjacent auxiliary columns are connected as a whole through the anti-dumping beam and the central column, and a pair of column connecting rods arranged perpendicular to them are connected between the two adjacent auxiliary columns. At least one column connecting rod in each pair of column connecting rods is installed with a limiting mechanism that can extend into the window in the vacuum chamber ring petal, and the limiting mechanism is used to limit the movement of the vacuum chamber in the circumferential direction; It also includes a U-shaped operating platform located in a horizontal plane. The U-shaped operating platform passes through the vacuum chamber ring petal group. The curved section of the U-shaped operating platform is located inside the vacuum chamber ring petal group, and the curvature of the curved section is consistent with the curvature of the vacuum chamber ring petal group in the splicing direction. Several small internal component assembly auxiliary tooling is movably installed on the U-shaped operating platform.

[0010] Furthermore, a top connecting piece is fixed to the end of the basket bolt, and the top connecting piece is used to fit and connect with the outer surface of the vertical section.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom of the U-shaped operating platform is connected to a support leg, and the support leg is installed at the bottom of the inner area of the vacuum chamber ring petal.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the anti-dumping beam is fixed to the top center of the auxiliary column by a pin connection, and the other end is fixed to the top center of the central column by a pin connection, and the other end of the anti-dumping beam is an isosceles triangle wedge structure, and the inclined surfaces of the ends of two adjacent anti-dumping beams fit together.

[0013] Furthermore, the double-column bottom support platform includes an arc-shaped support platform with a top recessed into an arc shape, and a pair of support columns for supporting the arc-shaped support platform.

[0014] Furthermore, a steel cable is connected to the bottom of the anti-dumping beam, and the steel cable is connected to a lifting lug provided on the top surface of the vacuum chamber ring petal.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer supporting mechanism includes an oblique arm and two vertical arms of different lengths. The two vertical arms are installed vertically. The top end of the oblique arm and the top end of the long vertical arm are fixed on a block. The block is tightly attached to the outer surface of the lower part of the vacuum chamber ring petal. The short vertical arm is fixedly installed in the lower middle part of the oblique arm.

[0016] Furthermore, the limiting mechanism includes a horizontal bar and two longitudinal bars. The horizontal bar and the longitudinal bars are connected as a whole to make the limiting mechanism have a P-shaped frame structure. The two longitudinal bars are used to contact the two opposite inner walls of the window in the vacuum chamber ring at the side facing away from each other, and the ends of the two longitudinal bars away from the horizontal bar are connected to the column connecting rod to fix the limiting mechanism.

[0017] Furthermore, the limiting mechanism includes an adjusting stud, a moving tube, an inner limiting rod, an outer limiting rod, a cross column and a pair of oppositely arranged anti-rotation columns, wherein: One end of the adjusting screw is rotatably installed in the column connecting rod in situ, and the other end of the adjusting screw extends out of the column connecting rod and is threadedly installed in the moving tube. On the inner side wall of the threaded blind hole of the moving tube for the adjusting screw to be screwed in, two strip-shaped limit grooves with a length shorter than the depth of the threaded blind hole are provided along the depth direction of the threaded blind hole. The strip-shaped limit groove is for the first limit rod to be slidably inserted, and a cylindrical light hole section with a larger aperture and coaxially connected to the threaded blind hole is provided below the strip-shaped limit groove; the first limit rod is fixed to the column connecting rod, and a second limit rod parallel to the first limit rod is also fixed on the column connecting rod. A stop column is respectively fixed on the two opposite outer walls of the moving tube, and the ends of the two stop columns are respectively fixed on the two ends of the cross column to form a P-shaped frame structure; In the initial state, the two stop posts are arranged vertically opposite each other, and the first limit rod is located in the first limit groove, so that when the adjusting stud is rotated, the movable tube moves axially and carries the cross column completely through the window in the vacuum chamber ring petal. At this time, the first limit rod is completely separated from the strip limit groove, so that the movable tube can rotate with the adjusting stud, and in the process of reversing the adjusting stud, one of the stop posts contacts the second limit rod, so that the movable tube can no longer rotate with the adjusting stud, and at this time the end of the first limit rod is facing the second limit groove and can slide into it, and the reversal of the adjusting stud is continued. The first limit rod slides into the second limit groove and causes the movable tube to move closer to the side of the column connecting rod, so that the cross column is squeezed on the inner end face of the window in the vacuum chamber ring petal.

[0018] The present invention also proposes a method for assembling internal components of a tokamak, which is installed using an auxiliary support mechanism, including the following steps: fixing the central column and the auxiliary columns, installing two disc-type basket bolt support mechanisms on the central column, and adjusting each basket bolt to the shortest, fixing the adjacent auxiliary columns with column connecting rods, and positioning and installing the double-column bottom support platform and the outer support mechanism, and fixing them to the ground; using the vacuum chamber top lifting lug, first hang the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group between the central column and the auxiliary column, weld and fix the double-column bottom support platform and the outer support mechanism at the contact point with the vacuum chamber, and then install and fix the anti-dumping beam and connect its bottom to the top surface of the vacuum chamber ring petal. , then adjust the screw of the disc-type basket bolt mechanism on the central column until the top connecting piece of each basket bolt presses against the inner surface of the vertical section on the central side of the vacuum chamber; build the U-shaped operating platform inside the vacuum chamber, and connect it to the bottom of the vacuum chamber through a number of supporting legs. The two ends of the U-shaped operating platform extending out of the outside of the vacuum chamber ring petal group are supported by two supporting columns. Then, on the U-shaped operating platform, pass the limiting mechanism through the window in the vacuum chamber ring petal from the inside of the vacuum chamber, and install it on the corresponding column connecting rod to limit the vacuum chamber. Finally, various small internal component assembly auxiliary toolings are hoisted one by one onto the U-shaped operating platform, enter the vacuum chamber from the D-shaped notches on both sides of the vacuum chamber ring petal group, and start assembling internal components.

[0019] Assemble the internal components of the vacuum chamber ring petal group, and send multiple sets of small internal component assembly auxiliary tooling into the D-shaped notches at both ends of the vacuum chamber ring petal group. First, assemble the middle ring petal of the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group and the cladding, upper passive plate and lower passive plate in the ring petal on one side. After completion, assemble the cladding, upper passive plate and lower passive plate in the ring petal on the other side until all three sets of cladding, upper passive plate and lower passive plate in the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group are assembled; withdraw all kinds of small internal component assembly auxiliary tooling from the D-shaped notches on both sides, dismantle the U-shaped operating platform, use a forklift or crane to send the divertor to the bottom of the vacuum chamber, and push it horizontally to the corresponding assembly position of each divertor until the divertor in the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group is assembled.

[0020] Next, disconnect the anti-tipping crossbeam from the top of the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal assembly, connect the forklift or crane's lifting device to the top of the vacuum chamber ring petal assembly, then adjust the disc-type turnbuckle mechanism to its shortest length. Cut the welds between the double-column bottom support platform, the outer support mechanism, and the vacuum chamber, and polish the welds on the vacuum chamber surface. Finally, hoist the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal assembly and its internal components into the tokamak mainframe pit for installation. Simultaneously, perform construction operations on multiple sets of 2 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petals or 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petals. For the 2 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal assembly, follow the same assembly method for the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal assembly. Finally, hoist all vacuum chamber ring petal assemblies and their internal components into the tokamak mainframe pit for installation until the vacuum chamber ring is complete. After the vacuum chamber is complete in the tokamak mainframe pit, install the internal components at the three D-shaped welds of the vacuum chamber until all internal components are installed.

[0021] Beneficial effects: The assembly method proposed in the present invention is a parallel type, which divides the assembly process of the tokamak internal components into sections. Most of the internal components are pre-installed offline in parallel in multiple groups before the vacuum chamber is closed. After completion, the internal components are sent into the tokamak mainframe pit together with the vacuum chamber for ring closing and welding, and then a small number of internal components are installed in the seam area of the vacuum chamber. The auxiliary support mechanism for assembly in the present invention is suitable for all ring-shaped tokamak vacuum chambers and has a wide range of applications. It can effectively solve the problems of few internal component transportation channels and limited assembly construction space. Various large-scale general equipment can transport and install internal components through the side notch of the vacuum chamber, reducing the construction difficulty and construction cost, thereby effectively improving the assembly efficiency and quality of internal components and greatly accelerating the final assembly progress of the tokamak device mainframe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The following are auxiliary diagrams for explaining some specific embodiments of the present invention. The drawings described are mainly the principles of the specific operation execution structure or method of some embodiments of the present invention, but this does not mean that the physical structure or operation steps of the present invention can only be as shown in the drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 The distribution of internal components of an existing compact tokamak; Figure 2 Flowchart for assembling the internal components of a single vacuum chamber ring; Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a method for assembling internal components of a tokamak according to the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of an auxiliary support mechanism for assembling internal components of a tokamak according to the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the disc-type turnbuckle bolt mechanism; Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of a double-column bottom support platform; Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the column connecting rod and the anti-dumping beam.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the outer supporting mechanism and the window limiting mechanism in the vacuum chamber ring petal; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the initial state of another structure of the limiting mechanism; Figure 10 for Figure 9 a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the structure shown; Figure 11 for Figure 10 A longitudinal cross-sectional view of the mobile tube in FIG. Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the mobile tube sliding axially away; Figure 13 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the movable tube and its accessory components in the limiting mechanism during axial retraction shown.

[0025] Component number description: Center column 1, anti-dumping beam 2, auxiliary column 3, column connecting rod 4, limiting mechanism 5, longitudinal rod 501, horizontal rod 502, outer support mechanism 6, inclined arm 601, long vertical arm 602, short vertical arm 603, sticker 604, small internal component assembly auxiliary tooling 7, column bottom support platform 8, disc-type basket bolt support mechanism 9, U-shaped operating platform 10, 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal assembly 11, connecting plate 12, basket bolt 13 , top connecting piece 14, arc-shaped support platform 15, support column 16, steel cable 17, pin 18, adjusting stud 19, moving tube 20, first limiting groove 2001, second limiting groove 2002, threaded blind hole 2003, cylindrical light hole section 2004, first limiting rod 21, anti-rotation column 22, cross column 23, second limiting rod 24, pre-tightening spring 25, upper passive plate 26, internal diagnostic cable 27, cladding module 28, divertor 29, lower passive plate 30. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following is a comprehensive description of the embodiments of the present invention. Some core features of the embodiments are specifically illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar technical features, or structures, steps, or processes with similar functions. Other embodiments substituted by ordinary technicians based on these embodiments without requiring creative work also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] First of all, it should be noted that the assembly method of the tokamak internal components of the present invention is a parallel type, rather than a traditional series type, that is, the present method divides the tokamak internal components into two types for assembly. Most of the internal components are pre-installed offline in multiple groups at the same time, and a small number of internal components are assembled in the main engine pit. The present method takes into account the structural form and installation welding of the vacuum chamber. According to the petal situation of the vacuum chamber, each vacuum chamber is first required to be welded in pairs or threes in the offline pre-installation hall to form a ring petal group, that is, to form a vacuum chamber ring petal. Then, each 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group 11 is placed on the internal component assembly auxiliary mechanism of the present invention, and then the corresponding internal component is installed on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber. Multiple groups of construction operations are carried out in parallel at the same time. Then, each 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group 11 and its internal components are hoisted together into the tokamak main engine pit for vacuum chamber ring installation. Finally, the internal components at the vacuum chamber weld are supplemented in the main engine pit, effectively shortening the overall cycle of internal component assembly.

[0028] Specifically, for the assembly of the internal components of each vacuum chamber ring petal, this embodiment is based on Figure 1 The distribution of internal components of a certain compact tokamak shown in the figure is described as an example. Each 1 / n vacuum chamber ring corresponds to a set of D-shaped internal components. The internal component assembly flow chart of a single vacuum chamber ring can be found in Figure 2 As shown, the specific assembly method is as follows: first, assemble the internal diagnostic cable 27, which is tightly attached to the inner wall of the vacuum chamber annulus. Then, lay the cooling pipe of the cladding system along the D-shaped cross-section of the vacuum chamber annulus. Then, begin assembling the cladding module 28. The assembly sequence is assigned according to the shape of each cladding module 28. First, assemble the #4 cladding, #5 cladding, and #6 cladding in sequence. Then, assemble the #3 cladding, #2 cladding, and #1 cladding. Since the upper passive plate 26 is relatively small, if the on-site space permits, the upper passive plate 26 can be installed simultaneously during construction. After the upper passive plate 26 is assembled, assemble the #7 cladding, #8 cladding, and #9 cladding in sequence. Then, assemble the lower passive plate 30. Finally, assemble the divertor 29 on the inner bottom support platform of the vacuum chamber annulus. This completes the assembly of the internal components of one vacuum chamber annulus.

[0029] To further illustrate the assembly method of the present invention, the assembly method of a vacuum chamber divided into 8 petals is taken as an example. The specific flow chart is as follows: Figure 3 As shown; the specific assembly method is as follows: the 8 1 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petals are divided into three groups A, B, and C. Group A contains 3 1 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petals, group B contains 2 1 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petals, and group C contains 3 1 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petals. The three groups of welding construction operations are carried out simultaneously to form 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group A, 2 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group B, and 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group C respectively. The three 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal groups 11 are placed on three special auxiliary support mechanisms for assembling internal components of the tokamak, and then the assembly process is started. Figure 2 The corresponding internal components are installed in the assembly sequence shown in the internal component assembly flow chart. Since the D-shaped notches on both sides of each 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group 11 are completely open, the internal components of two 1 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petals can be assembled simultaneously, further improving assembly efficiency. After completing the installation of the internal components of each 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group 11, the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group 11 and its internal components are hoisted into the main engine pit. First, the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group A and the 2 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group B are welded to form a 5 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group. Then, the internal components at the vacuum chamber weld between the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group A and the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group B are installed. Then, the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group C is welded to the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal groups A and B. Then, the internal components at the vacuum chamber weld between the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group A and the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group C and the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group B and the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group C are installed.

[0030] As a more detailed embodiment, the auxiliary support mechanism for assembling the internal components of the tokamak mentioned in the above assembly method is as follows: Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown, it mainly includes a supporting column mechanism, a column connecting rod 4, and a limiting mechanism 5 for the window in the vacuum chamber ring petal, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 The disc-type turnbuckle bolt support mechanism 9, the anti-dumping beam 2 and the Figure 7 The double-column bottom support platform, the outer support mechanism 6, the U-shaped operating platform 10 and the small internal component assembly auxiliary tooling 7 are shown. The mutual connection relationship between the above components is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the support column mechanism mainly includes four support columns, which are specifically divided into 1 central column 1 and 3 auxiliary columns 3. Two disc-type basket bolt support mechanisms 9 are installed on the central column 1. The top of the central column 1 and the three auxiliary columns 3 are provided with positioning pins 18 for installing the anti-dumping beam 2 of the vacuum chamber. The anti-dumping beam 2 is connected to the top ear of the vacuum chamber through a steel cable 17. The three auxiliary columns 3 are fixedly connected by a column connecting rod 4. In addition, it is also necessary to install at least two limiting mechanisms 5 for the windows in the vacuum chamber ring petals on the lower column connecting rod 4, and three double-column bottom support platforms are provided at the bottom of the vacuum chamber ring petals, aligned with the center of the bottom of each vacuum chamber ring petal, and six outer support mechanisms 6 are provided on the outer side of the vacuum chamber ring petals, which are pressed against the outer side of the vacuum chamber ring petals. A U-shaped operating platform 10 is set up inside the vacuum chamber, and both ends of the U-shaped operating platform 10 are connected to the ground through support columns 16, and the middle section is connected to the interior of the vacuum chamber through the bottom support legs. A small internal component assembly auxiliary tooling 7 is provided with a wheel set at the bottom, which can move on the U-shaped operating platform 10 to implement the installation of internal components.

[0031] In the above embodiments, the limiting mechanism 5 can have two structural designs: First, it is the simplest structure, that is, Figure 8 As shown, the limiting mechanism 5 mainly comprises a horizontal bar 502 and two vertical bars 501. The horizontal bar 502 and the vertical bars 501 are integrally connected and can be integrally formed during manufacture. This allows the limiting mechanism 5 to have a "P"-shaped frame structure. The two vertical bars 501, facing away from each other, are adjacent to the horizontal bar 502 and are used to contact the two opposite inner walls of the window in the vacuum chamber annular petal. The ends of the two vertical bars 501 away from the horizontal bar 502 are connected to the column connecting rod 4 to fix the limiting mechanism 5. In practice, the limiting mechanism 5 can be inserted through the window in the vacuum chamber annular petal and fixed to the column connecting rod 4 to form a limiting function.

[0032] The second limiting mechanism 5 please refer to Figures 9-13 , specifically including an adjusting stud 19, a moving tube 20, an inner limit rod, an outer limit rod, a cross column 23 and a pair of oppositely arranged anti-rotation columns 22, wherein one end of the adjusting stud 19 is installed in situ in the column connecting rod 4 for self-rotation. During manufacturing, a disc (not shown in the figure) can be coaxially installed at its end. The disc is located in the inner hollow of the column connecting rod 4. An inner hexagonal groove is provided on the end surface of one end of the adjusting stud 19 to facilitate the rotation of the adjusting stud 19. After the other end of the adjusting screw 19 extends out of the column connecting rod 4, it is threadedly installed in the moving tube 20. On the inner side wall of the threaded blind hole 2003 of the moving tube 20 for the adjusting screw 19 to be screwed in, two strip-shaped limit grooves are provided along the depth direction of the threaded blind hole 2003, both of which are shorter than the depth of the threaded blind hole 2003. The two strip-shaped limit grooves are for the first limit rod 21 to be slidably inserted into, and a cylindrical light hole section 2004 with a larger aperture and coaxially connected to the threaded blind hole 2003 is provided below the strip-shaped limit groove, so that when the first limit rod 21 is located in the light hole section, the moving tube 20 can rotate without being restricted by it. The first limiting rod 21 is fixed to the column connecting rod 4, and the second limiting rod 24 parallel to the first limiting rod 21 is also fixed to the column connecting rod. A stopper 22 is fixed to the two opposite outer walls of the moving tube 20. The ends of the two stopper 22 are fixed to the two ends of the horizontal column 23, forming a П-shaped frame structure. In addition, Figure 11 In this embodiment, a first limiting groove 2001 and a second limiting groove 2002 are provided on the inner wall of the moving tube 20. In the initial state where the limiting mechanism 5 is not limiting, Figure 9-10The two stop posts 22 are arranged vertically opposite each other, that is, one is above the other, and the first limiting rod 21 is located in the first limiting groove 2001, so that when the adjusting screw 19 is rotated, the mobile tube 20 moves axially, thereby carrying the cross column 23 completely through the window in the vacuum chamber ring petal and entering the interior of the vacuum chamber ring petal. After entering the interior of the vacuum chamber ring petal, the first limiting rod 21 completely breaks away from the strip limiting groove and enters the above-mentioned cylindrical light hole section 2004, losing its guiding effect on the mobile tube 20, so that the mobile tube 20 can move along with the adjusting screw due to the effect of the threaded connection. 19 rotates synchronously or asynchronously, and in the process of reversing the adjusting screw 19, one of the anti-rotation columns 22 contacts the second limit rod 24, so that the moving tube 20 cannot rotate with the adjusting screw 19 again, and the end of the first limit rod 21 at this time is just facing the second limit groove 2002 and can slide into the second limit groove 2002, and continue to reverse the adjusting screw 19. Because the first limit rod 21 slides into the second limit groove 2002, the moving tube 20 moves toward the side of the column connecting rod 4, so that the cross column 23 is squeezed on the inner end face of the window in the ring petal of the vacuum chamber.

[0033] In the above structure, it is worth mentioning that the provision of the second limiting groove 2002 is a preferred design solution, the purpose of which is to allow the movable tube 20 and the aforementioned frame structure to be more stably connected to the middle window, and to prevent the frame structure from accidentally rotating and loosening during use after being connected to the middle window as a whole. In fact, relying solely on the second limiting rod 24 is sufficient to guide the movable tube 20 to move axially back, so it is also possible not to provide the second limiting groove 2002, but its reliability will be greatly reduced. The movable tube 20 is easily rotated by accident under the influence of accidental factors such as vibration, causing the limiting mechanism to lose its limiting effect. During disassembly, rotate the adjusting screw 19 counterclockwise to move the crossbar 23 away from the inner port of the middle window, that is, continue to move it inward until the movable tube 20 is disengaged from the threaded connection relationship with the adjusting screw 19. Then, the movable tube 20 and the aforementioned frame structure of the limiting mechanism can be removed, and then it is convenient to lift the vacuum chamber ring petal assembly. The approximate movement path of the limiting mechanism 5 of the present design structure is to first move toward the window in the vacuum chamber annular petal and pass through the window in the vacuum chamber annular petal, enter the interior of the vacuum chamber annular petal, and then reverse 90 degrees and move back. Figure 13 , so that the horizontal column 23 is pressed against the inner port of the window in the vacuum chamber ring petal, and together with the anti-rotation column 22, it limits the movement of the vacuum chamber ring petal in the corresponding direction.

[0034] In the above-mentioned limiting mechanism 5, as a preferred design structure, a preload spring 25 can be further provided between the end face of the adjusting screw 19 and the inner wall of the movable tube 20, thereby constantly exerting an axial thrust on the adjusting screw 19. This ensures that when the first limiting rod 21 slides out of the first limiting groove 2001, the adjusting screw 19 and the movable tube 20 are connected as a whole and can rotate synchronously. Furthermore, as a further preferred design structure, the preload spring 25 can also be a torsion spring. Once the first limiting rod 21 slides out of the first limiting groove 2001 of the movable tube 20, the torsion spring acts to rapidly rotate the movable tube 20 to a position where the first limiting rod 21 is opposite the second limiting groove 2002.

[0035] The auxiliary support mechanism for assembling the internal components of the tokamak mentioned in the above embodiment is specifically used as follows in practice: First, the main support structure must be built, which specifically includes 4 supporting columns, namely a central column 1 and 3 auxiliary columns 3. Among them, two disc-type basket bolt support mechanisms 9 are installed on the central column 1. According to the volume of the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group 11, 6 basket bolts 13 are selected and each basket bolt 13 is adjusted to the shortest. The three auxiliary columns 3 are fixedly connected by column connecting rods 4, and the three double-column bottom support platforms and the 6 outer support mechanisms 6 are positioned and installed, and fixed to the ground.

[0036] Secondly, use the top lifting lug of the vacuum chamber ring petal to hang the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group 11 onto the main support structure, weld and fix the double-column bottom support platform and the outer support mechanism 6 at the contact point with the vacuum chamber ring petal, then install the anti-dumping beams 2 of the three vacuum chamber ring petals on the top of the four supporting columns, connect the steel cable 17 on the anti-dumping beam 2 to the top lifting lug of the vacuum chamber ring petal, and then adjust the screw of the disc-type basket bolt 13 mechanism on the central column 1 until the top connecting piece 14 of each basket bolt 13 presses against the inner surface of the vertical section on the center side of the D-type vacuum chamber ring petal.

[0037] Then, a U-shaped operating platform 10 is built inside the vacuum chamber ring petal, connected to the bottom of the vacuum chamber through several supporting legs, and extended to the two ends of the outer side of the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group 11 and supported by two supporting columns 16. Subsequently, on the U-shaped operating platform 10, the limiting mechanism 5 of the window in the vacuum chamber ring petal is passed through the window in the vacuum chamber ring petal from the inside of the vacuum chamber ring petal and installed on the corresponding column connecting rod 4 to limit the vacuum chamber ring petal. Finally, various small internal component assembly auxiliary tooling 7 is hoisted one by one onto the U-shaped operating platform 10, and enters the vacuum chamber ring petal from the D-shaped notch on both sides of the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group 11, and starts the assembly of a series of internal components.

[0038] During installation, each vacuum chamber ring petal is assembled according to the assembly process of the internal components of the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group 11. In order to speed up the assembly progress, two sets of assembly auxiliary tooling are respectively sent into the D-shaped notches at both ends of the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group 11. First, the middle ring petal of the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group 11 and the cladding, upper passive plate 26, lower passive plate 30 and other internal components in the ring petal on one side are assembled. After completion, the cladding, upper passive plate 26, lower passive plate 30 and other internal components in the vacuum chamber ring petal on the other side are assembled until all three groups of cladding, upper passive plate 26 and lower passive plate 30 in the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group 11 are assembled.

[0039] Subsequently, the various small internal component assembly auxiliary tools 7 are removed from the D-shaped notches on both sides, and the U-shaped operating platform 10 is dismantled. Using a general-purpose transport device such as a forklift or crane, the divertor 29 is transported to the inner bottom of the vacuum chamber annulus and pushed horizontally to the corresponding assembly position for each divertor 29 until the divertor 29 within the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber annulus assembly 11 is fully assembled. The connection between the anti-tipping crossbeam 2 and the top lifting lug of the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber annulus assembly 11 is then disconnected, and the hoisting device of the transport crane is connected to the lifting lug. The disc turnbuckle 13 mechanism is then adjusted to its minimum length. The welds between the double-column bottom support platform, the outer support mechanism 6, and the vacuum chamber are cut, and the welds on the surface of the vacuum chamber annulus are polished. Finally, the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber annulus assembly 11 and its internal components are hoisted together into the tokamak mainframe pit for installation.

[0040] During the above installation, two or three sets of vacuum chamber ring petals are constructed simultaneously. The same method is applied to the 2 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group 11. Finally, all 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal groups 11 and their internal components are hoisted into the tokamak mainframe pit for installation until the vacuum chamber ring is complete. After the vacuum chamber is closed in the tokamak mainframe pit, the internal components at the three D-shaped welds of the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group 11 are installed until all internal components are installed.

[0041] The above series of specific implementation details are merely some preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can simply change the design ideas based on their understanding of the above embodiments and reference to the basic principles recorded in the claims of the present invention. However, these changed designs still fall within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. An auxiliary support mechanism for assembling internal components of a tokamak, characterized in that: The invention comprises a central column (1) and at least two auxiliary columns (3) all of which are installed vertically, wherein all the auxiliary columns (3) are installed at equal center distances from the central column (1), and an upper and lower disc-type turnbuckle bolt support mechanism (9) is provided on the central column (1), wherein the disc-type turnbuckle bolt support mechanism (9) comprises a connecting disk (12) coaxially installed on the outer surface of the central column, and turnbuckle bolts (13) connected to the connecting disk (12) in an annular array, wherein one end of the turnbuckle bolt (13) is connected to the outer surface of the vertical section of the vacuum chamber ring petal; The vacuum chamber ring petal assembly also includes an outer supporting mechanism (6) connected around the outer surface of the vacuum chamber ring petal assembly and a double-column bottom supporting platform located below the vacuum chamber ring petal assembly, so as to support the vacuum chamber ring petal assembly from the outer side and the bottom of the vacuum chamber ring petal assembly respectively; the top ends of the two adjacent auxiliary columns (3) are connected as a whole through an anti-dumping crossbeam (2) and a central column (1), and a pair of column connecting rods (4) arranged perpendicular to the auxiliary columns (3) are connected between the two adjacent auxiliary columns (3); at least one column connecting rod (4) in each pair of column connecting rods (4) is installed with a limiting mechanism (5) that can extend into a window in the vacuum chamber ring petal, and the limiting mechanism (5) is used to limit the movement of the vacuum chamber; The invention also includes a U-shaped operating platform (10) located in a horizontal plane, the U-shaped operating platform (10) passing through the vacuum chamber annular petal group, the curved section of the U-shaped operating platform (10) being located inside the vacuum chamber annular petal group, and the curvature of the curved section being consistent with the curvature of the vacuum chamber annular petal group in the splicing direction, and a plurality of small internal component assembly auxiliary tooling (7) being movably mounted on the U-shaped operating platform (10).

2. The auxiliary support mechanism for assembling internal components of a tokamak according to claim 1, characterized in that: A top connecting piece (14) is fixed to the end of the turnbuckle bolt (13), and the top connecting piece (14) is used for fitting and connecting with the outer surface of the vertical section.

3. The auxiliary support mechanism for assembling internal components of a tokamak according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the U-shaped operating platform (10) is connected to a support leg, and the support leg is installed at the bottom of the inner area of the vacuum chamber ring.

4. The auxiliary support mechanism for assembling internal components of a tokamak according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the anti-tipping cross beam (2) is fixed to the top center of the auxiliary column (3) through a pin connection, and the other end is fixed to the top center of the central column (1) through a pin connection, and the other end of the anti-tipping cross beam (2) is an isosceles triangle wedge structure, and the inclined surfaces of the ends of two adjacent anti-tipping cross beams (2) are in contact with each other.

5. The auxiliary support mechanism for assembling internal components of a tokamak according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-column bottom support platform comprises an arc-shaped support platform (15) with a top recessed into an arc shape, and a pair of support columns (16) for supporting the arc-shaped support platform (15).

6. The auxiliary support mechanism for assembling internal components of a tokamak according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the anti-tipping crossbeam (2) is connected to a steel cable (17), and the steel cable (17) is connected to a lifting lug provided on the top surface of the vacuum chamber ring petal; the outer supporting mechanism (6) comprises an oblique arm (601) and two vertical arms of different lengths, the two vertical arms are vertically installed, the top of the oblique arm (601) and the top of the long vertical arm (602) are fixed on a patch (604), the patch (604) is tightly attached to the outer surface of the lower part of the vacuum chamber ring petal, and the short vertical arm (603) is fixedly installed at the lower middle part of the oblique arm (601).

7. The auxiliary support mechanism for assembling internal components of a tokamak according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (5) comprises a transverse rod (502) and two longitudinal rods (501). The transverse rod (502) and the longitudinal rods (501) are integrally connected, so that the limiting mechanism (5) presents a P-shaped frame structure. The two longitudinal rods (501) are used to contact two opposite inner side walls of the window in the vacuum chamber ring at the ends of the transverse rod (502) away from each other. The ends of the two longitudinal rods (501) away from the transverse rod (502) are connected to the column connecting rod (4) to fix the limiting mechanism (5).

8. The auxiliary support mechanism for assembling internal components of a tokamak according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (5) comprises an adjusting screw (19), a moving tube (20), an inner limiting rod, an outer limiting rod, a transverse column (23) and a pair of oppositely arranged anti-rotation columns (22), wherein: One end of the adjusting screw (19) is installed in the column connecting rod (4) in a self-rotating manner in situ, and the other end thereof is installed in the moving tube (20) in a threaded manner after extending out of the column connecting rod (4). On the inner side wall of the threaded blind hole (2003) of the moving tube (20) for the adjusting screw (19) to be screwed in, two strip-shaped limiting grooves with a length shorter than the depth of the threaded blind hole (2003) are provided along the depth direction of the threaded blind hole (2003). The strip-shaped limiting groove is provided for the first limiting rod (21) to be inserted in a sliding manner, and a connecting rod coaxial with the threaded blind hole (2003) is provided below the strip-shaped limiting groove. The cylindrical light hole section (2004) is connected to the vertical column connecting rod (4); the first limiting rod (21) is fixed to the vertical column connecting rod (4); a second limiting rod (24) parallel to the first limiting rod (21) is also fixed to the vertical column connecting rod; a stop column (22) is fixed to two opposite outer walls of the moving tube (20), and the ends of the two stop columns (22) are fixed to the two ends of the horizontal column (23) to form a П-shaped frame structure; the inner wall of the moving tube (20) is provided with a first limiting groove (2001) and a second limiting groove (2002) parallel to each other; In the initial state, the two stop posts (22) are arranged vertically opposite each other, and the first limiting rod (21) is located in the first limiting groove (2001), so that when the adjusting screw (19) is rotated, the moving tube (20) moves axially and carries the cross column (23) to completely pass through the window in the ring petal of the vacuum chamber. At this time, the first limiting rod (21) is completely separated from the strip limiting groove, so that the moving tube (20) can rotate with the adjusting screw (19), and in the process of reversing the adjusting screw (19), one of the stop posts (21) is rotated. The column (22) contacts the second limiting rod (24), so that the movable tube (20) cannot rotate with the adjusting screw (19), and the end of the first limiting rod (21) is facing the second limiting groove (2002) and can slide into it. The adjusting screw (19) is further reversed, and the first limiting rod (21) slides into the second limiting groove (2002), so that the movable tube (20) moves toward the side of the column connecting rod (4), so that the cross column (23) is squeezed on the inner end surface of the window in the ring petal of the vacuum chamber.

9. A method for assembling internal components of a tokamak, characterized in that: The installation is performed using the auxiliary support mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: S1. Fix and install the central column (1) and the auxiliary columns (3), install two disc-type turnbuckle bolt support mechanisms (9) on the central column (1), adjust each turnbuckle bolt (13) to the shortest length, fix the adjacent auxiliary columns (3) with the column connecting rod (4), and position and install the double-column bottom support platform and the outer support mechanism (6), and fix them on the ground; S2. Using the lifting lugs at the top of the vacuum chamber, first hang the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal assembly (11) between the central column (1) and the auxiliary column (3), weld and fix the double-column bottom support platform and the outer support mechanism (6) where they contact the vacuum chamber, then install and fix the anti-dumping crossbeam (2) and connect its bottom to the top surface of the vacuum chamber ring petal, and then adjust the screw rod of the disc-type basket bolt mechanism on the central column (1) until the top connecting piece (14) of each basket bolt (13) presses against the inner surface of the vertical section on the central side of the vacuum chamber; S3. The U-shaped operating platform (10) is built inside the vacuum chamber and connected to the bottom of the vacuum chamber through a plurality of supporting legs. The two ends of the U-shaped operating platform (10) extending outside the vacuum chamber ring petal group are supported by two supporting columns (16). Then, on the U-shaped operating platform (10), the limiting mechanism (5) is passed through the window in the vacuum chamber ring petal from the inside of the vacuum chamber and installed on the corresponding column connecting rod (4) to limit the vacuum chamber. Finally, various small internal component assembly auxiliary tooling (7) are hoisted one by one onto the U-shaped operating platform (10), enter the vacuum chamber from the D-shaped notches on both sides of the vacuum chamber ring petal group, and start assembling the internal components. S4, assembling the internal components of the vacuum chamber ring petal group, respectively feeding multiple sets of small internal component assembly auxiliary tooling (7) from the D-shaped notches at both ends of the vacuum chamber ring petal group, first assembling the middle ring petal of the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group (11) and the cladding, upper passive plate (26), and lower passive plate (30) in the ring petal on one side, and then assembling the cladding, upper passive plate (26), and lower passive plate (30) in the ring petal on the other side, until all three sets of cladding, upper passive plate (26), and lower passive plate (30) in the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group (11) are assembled; S5. Remove the various small internal component assembly auxiliary tools (7) from the D-shaped notches on both sides, dismantle the U-shaped operating platform (10), use a forklift or a crane to deliver the divertor (29) to the bottom of the vacuum chamber, and push it horizontally to the corresponding assembly position of each divertor (29) until the divertor (29) in the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring valve group (11) is assembled.

10. The method for assembling internal components of a tokamak according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: S6. Unlock the connection between the anti-dumping crossbeam (2) and the top of the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal assembly (11), connect the lifting device of a forklift or crane to the top of the vacuum chamber ring petal assembly, then adjust the disc-type basket bolt mechanism to the shortest, cut the welding points between the double-column bottom support platform, the outer support mechanism (6) and the vacuum chamber, and polish the welding points on the surface of the vacuum chamber. Finally, hoist the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal assembly (11) and its internal components together into the tokamak mainframe pit for installation; S7, simultaneously carry out the construction operation of multiple groups of 2 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petals or 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petals. For the 2 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group, the same assembly method of the 3 / 8 vacuum chamber ring petal group (11) is followed. Finally, all the vacuum chamber ring petal groups and their internal components are hoisted into the tokamak mainframe pit for installation until the vacuum chamber ring is completed. S8. After the vacuum chamber in the Tokamak main pit is closed, additional internal components are installed at the three D-shaped welds of the vacuum chamber until all internal components are installed.

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