A rare earth extraction and separation device based on heavy calcium carbonate

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of rare earth metal production equipment, and in particular to a rare earth extraction and separation device based on heavy calcium carbonate, comprising: a base; an extraction shell fixedly connected to the base, the extraction shell being provided with symmetrically distributed liquid inlets, a discharge port being provided on the lower side of the extraction shell, a fixed shell being fixedly connected inside the extraction shell; a rotating shell rotatably connected to the fixed shell, a guide block being fixedly connected inside the rotating shell via a fixed block, the guide block being provided with a through hole; a flow guide shell fixedly connected to the fixed shell, the flow guide shell being fixedly connected and connected to a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe, the flow guide shell being limitedly slidably connected to a first flow guide block and a second flow guide block. The present invention automatically closes the light phase collection channel by floating the first flow guide block, and blocks the heavy phase collection channel and opens a reflux path by sinking the second flow guide block, thereby reducing the probability of mixing of the heavy phase product and the light phase product and ensuring product purity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rare earth metal production equipment, in particular to a rare earth extraction and separation device based on heavy calcium carbonate. Background Art

[0002] Rare earth elements (REEs) are key strategic resources for modern high-tech industries, and their separation and purification technologies are directly related to material performance and the security of the industrial chain. Typical rare earth ores (such as bastnaesite and monazite) generally contain high levels of fluorine. During the acid hydrolysis process of ore smelting, fluorine enters the solution (rare earth concentrate) in the form of hydrogen fluoride or fluoride ions. Directly adding an extractant to the rare earth concentrate at this time will poison the extractant, reducing extraction efficiency. Therefore, heavy calcium carbonate is added to the rare earth concentrate before extraction to adjust its pH. As the pH increases, the fluoride ions in the rare earth concentrate combine with calcium ions to form a calcium fluoride precipitate with extremely low solubility, thereby reducing the negative impact of fluoride ions on subsequent extraction processes.

[0003] The core of rare earth extraction and separation lies in leveraging the differential distribution ratios of rare earth elements between the organic and aqueous phases to achieve efficient separation through multi-stage mass transfer. Centrifugal extractors are widely used in rare earth extraction processes because they utilize a centrifugal field instead of a gravitational field to achieve two-phase separation, significantly improving mass transfer efficiency and separation precision. After a mixture of an organic extractant and a rare earth concentrate treated with heavy calcium carbonate enters the centrifugal extractor, centrifugal force separates the light (organic) phase from the heavy (aqueous) phase within seconds. The separated light phase flows out through the light phase outlet, while the heavy phase flows out through the heavy phase outlet.

[0004] While centrifugal extractors offer significant advantages over transmission extraction devices in terms of light and heavy phase separation, a key issue remains in long-term operation: the stability of light and heavy phase transport directly impacts the integrity of the separation interface. When the heavy phase transport volume in the feed system increases per unit time (e.g., due to pumping fluctuations or concentration changes), the equilibrium interface between the two phases in the centrifugal extractor shifts. At this point, the denser heavy phase reverses and invades the light phase collection channel. Conversely, if the light phase feed flux decreases significantly, this will also cause the light phase to invade the heavy phase collection channel, disrupting the separation effect and affecting the quality of the extracted rare earths. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings mentioned in the above background technology, the present invention provides a rare earth extraction and separation device based on heavy calcium carbonate.

[0006] The technical implementation scheme of the present invention is: a rare earth extraction and separation device based on heavy calcium carbonate, comprising:

[0007] base;

[0008] An extraction shell is fixedly connected to the base, the extraction shell is provided with symmetrically distributed liquid inlets, a discharge port is provided on the lower side of the extraction shell, and a fixed shell is fixedly connected inside the extraction shell;

[0009] A rotating shell is rotatably connected to the fixed shell, wherein a guide block is fixedly connected to the rotating shell via a fixed block, the guide block is provided with a through hole, and a tapered block is fixedly connected to the through hole of the guide block via a support rod;

[0010] a rotating member fixedly connected to the conical block;

[0011] The guide shell is fixed to the fixed shell, and the guide shell is rotatably connected to the guide block, the conical block and the rotating member, and the guide block and the fixed shell are both communicated with the guide shell. The guide shell is fixed and communicated with a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe for discharging the light phase and the heavy phase respectively. The guide shell is limitedly and slidingly connected with a first guide block and a second guide block. The first guide block is used to change the flow area of ​​the first connecting pipe, and the second guide block is used to change the flow area of ​​the second connecting pipe.

[0012] More preferably, a first chamber and a second chamber are provided in the guide shell, the first chamber is connected to the through hole of the guide block, the second chamber is connected to the fixed shell, the first guide block is located in the first chamber, the second guide block is located in the second chamber, the first connecting pipe is connected to the first chamber, and the second connecting pipe is connected to the second chamber.

[0013] More preferably, the first guide block and the second guide block are both composed of a circular ring, an arc-shaped block and a connecting plate therebetween.

[0014] More preferably, the guide shell is fixed with a first guide tube and a second guide tube, both of which are fixed with and communicated with the extraction shell, and the first guide tube is communicated with the first chamber, and the second guide tube is communicated with the second chamber.

[0015] More preferably, a liquid collecting shell is fixedly connected to the upper side of the extraction shell, and the interior of the liquid collecting shell is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity. The liquid collecting shell is provided with two flow holes respectively connected to the first cavity and the second cavity, the first cavity is provided with a first inclined arc surface, and the second cavity is provided with a second inclined arc surface. The first cavity is connected to the first connecting pipe, and the second cavity is connected to the second connecting pipe.

[0016] More preferably, the maximum height difference between the first inclined arc surface and the fixed shell is smaller than the maximum height difference between the second inclined arc surface and the fixed shell, and the ring on the second guide block is higher than the first guide pipe.

[0017] More preferably, it further comprises:

[0018] a fixing frame, slidably connected to the interior of the extraction shell;

[0019] a movable shell, slidably connected to the rotating shell, the movable shell being rotatably connected to the fixed frame, and the movable shell being provided with a liquid inlet hole communicating with the extraction shell;

[0020] A filter element is fixed to the movable shell, and the filter element is fixed to the rotating element, and the filter element is in contact with the rotating shell;

[0021] The mounting shell is detachably connected to one side of the extraction shell, and a moving module for driving the fixing frame to move is arranged in the mounting shell.

[0022] More preferably, the filter element is made of a flexible material but has no elasticity.

[0023] More preferably, it further comprises:

[0024] The limiting rings are provided with two symmetrically distributed ones, both of which are fixed in the filter element.

[0025] More preferably, the limiting ring is made of an elastically deformable material.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention automatically closes the light phase collection channel by floating the first guide block, and blocks the heavy phase collection channel by sinking the second guide block, opening the reflux path, thereby reducing the probability of mixing of heavy phase products and light phase products and ensuring product purity.

[0027] By arranging a synchronously rotating filter element inside the rotating shell, the mixed solution is isolated from the inner wall of the rotating shell, the volume of solid impurities adhering to the inner wall of the rotating shell is reduced, and the stability and separation effect of the separation process are ensured.

[0028] The mobile module intermittently drives the fixed frame and the mobile shell to move up and down, causing the filter element to change its shape, applying continuous and changing mechanical stress to the solid impurities attached to its surface, destroying the adhesion of the impurities to the filter element, and realizing in-situ, active stripping. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the extraction shell of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotating shell and the rotating member of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the rotating shell of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the liquid collecting shell of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first inclined arc surface and the second inclined arc surface of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 A sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the guide block of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the guide shell of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the mounting shell of the present invention.

[0038] The components in the accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. Base, 2. Extraction shell, 3. Rotating shell, 4. Guide block, 41. Conical block, 5. Rotating member, 6. Fixed shell, 7. Guide shell, 71. First connecting pipe, 72. Second connecting pipe, 73. First chamber, 74. Second chamber, 8. First guide block, 9. Second guide block, 10. First guide pipe, 11. Second guide pipe, 111. Liquid collecting shell, 112. First cavity, 113. Second cavity, 12. First inclined arc surface, 13. Second inclined arc surface, 14. Fixed frame, 15. Moving shell, 16. Filter element, 17. Mounting shell, 18. Limiting ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1: A rare earth extraction and separation device based on heavy calcium carbonate, such as Figures 1-8As shown, it includes: a base 1; an extraction shell 2, fixedly connected to the base 1, the extraction shell 2 is provided with symmetrically distributed liquid inlet holes, the lower side of the extraction shell 2 is provided with a discharge port, and a fixed shell 6 is fixedly connected to the extraction shell 2; a rotating shell 3, rotatably connected to the fixed shell 6, a guide block 4 is fixedly connected to the rotating shell 3 through a fixed block, the guide block 4 is provided with a through hole, and a tapered block 41 is fixedly connected to the through hole of the guide block 4 through a support rod; a rotating member 5, fixedly connected to the tapered block 41; a guide shell 7, fixedly connected to the fixed shell 6 The guide shell 7 is rotatably connected to the guide block 4, the conical block 41 and the rotating member 5, and the guide block 4 and the fixed shell 6 are both connected to the guide shell 7. The guide shell 7 is fixedly connected and connected with the first connecting pipe 71 and the second connecting pipe 72 for discharging the light phase and the heavy phase respectively. The guide shell 7 is limitedly slidably connected with the first guide block 8 and the second guide block 9. The first guide block 8 is used to change the flow area of ​​the first connecting pipe 71, and the second guide block 9 is used to change the flow area of ​​the second connecting pipe 72.

[0041] In the above scheme, the rare earth raw liquid after being treated with heavy calcium carbonate enters from the liquid inlet on the right side of the extraction shell 2, and the organic extractant enters from the liquid inlet on the left side of the extraction shell 2; the fixed shell 6 is located in the extraction shell 2; the rotating shell 3 is rotatably connected to the lower side of the fixed shell 6, and the rotating shell 3 is located in the extraction shell 2; there is a gap between the guide block 4 and the fixed shell 6 for the heavy phase to flow; the through hole of the guide block 4 is used for the light phase to flow; there is a gap between the conical block 41 and the guide block 4; the rotating member 5 is composed of a drive shaft and a stirring turbine, wherein the stirring turbine is fixed to the lower part of the drive shaft, and the stirring turbine is located outside the rotating shell 3, and the rotating member 5 A baffle is fixedly connected to the middle part, and the baffle is located inside the rotating shell 3; the guide shell 7 consists of three circular tubes, the outer, middle and inner parts, and the three circular tubes are fixedly connected by rectangular plates, among which the outer circular tube is fixedly connected to the fixed shell 6, the inner circular tube is sealed and rotatably connected to the rotating member 5 and the tapered block 41, the middle circular tube is sealed and rotatably connected to the guide block 4, and the lengths of the middle circular tube, the inner circular tube and the outer circular tube decrease in sequence; two limit blocks are fixedly connected to the guide shell 7 for limiting the first guide block 8 and the second guide block 9 respectively; the first connecting pipe 71 passes through the outer circular tube and is fixed to the middle circular tube, and the second connecting pipe 72 is fixed to the outer circular tube.

[0042] like Figure 7 As shown, a first chamber 73 and a second chamber 74 are provided in the guide shell 7. The first chamber 73 is connected to the through hole of the guide block 4, and the second chamber 74 is connected to the fixed shell 6. The first guide block 8 is located in the first chamber 73, and the second guide block 9 is located in the second chamber 74. The first connecting pipe 71 is connected to the first chamber 73, and the second connecting pipe 72 is connected to the second chamber 74.

[0043] In the above scheme, the first chamber 73 is between the inner and middle circular tubes of the guide shell 7, and the second chamber 74 is between the middle and outer circular tubes. The two limit blocks on the guide shell 7 are respectively located in the first chamber 73 and the second chamber 74.

[0044] like Figure 8 As shown, the first guide block 8 and the second guide block 9 are both composed of a circular ring, an arc-shaped block and a connecting plate therebetween.

[0045] In the above scheme, the density of the first guide block 8 is greater than the density of the organic extractant, but less than half of the sum of the density of the organic extractant and the density of the rare earth stock solution. The density of the second guide block 9 is less than the density of the rare earth stock solution, but greater than half of the sum of the density of the organic extractant and the density of the rare earth stock solution. In the initial state, the ring on the first guide block 8 and the ring on the second guide block 9 are respectively in contact with the adjacent limit blocks.

[0046] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the flow guide shell 7 is fixed with a first flow guide tube 10 and a second flow guide tube 11 , both of which are fixed with and communicate with the extraction shell 2 , and the first flow guide tube 10 is communicated with the first chamber 73 , and the second flow guide tube 11 is communicated with the second chamber 74 .

[0047] In the above scheme, the connection point between the first flow guide pipe 10 and the flow guide shell 7 is located above the first connecting pipe 71, and the connection point between the second flow guide pipe 11 and the flow guide shell 7 is located below the second connecting pipe 72. The first flow guide pipe 10 and the second flow guide pipe 11 are respectively used to redirect the mixed liquid of the heavy phase and the light phase into the extraction shell 2.

[0048] like Figure 4-Figure 6 As shown, a liquid collecting shell 111 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the extraction shell 2. The interior of the liquid collecting shell 111 is divided into a first cavity 112 and a second cavity 113. The liquid collecting shell 111 is provided with two flow holes that are respectively connected to the first cavity 112 and the second cavity 113. The first cavity 112 is provided with a first inclined arc surface 12, and the second cavity 113 is provided with a second inclined arc surface 13. The first cavity 112 is connected to the first connecting pipe 71, and the second cavity 113 is connected to the second connecting pipe 72.

[0049] In the above scheme, the liquid collecting shell 111 is located on the upper side of the extraction shell 2, and a driving motor for driving the rotating part 5 to rotate is provided on the upper side of the liquid collecting shell 111, and the two flow holes on the liquid collecting shell 111 are both connected to the external collection device; the first cavity 112 is located on the right side of the liquid collecting shell 111, and the second cavity 113 is located on the left side thereof, wherein the first cavity 112 is used to store the light phase, and the second cavity 113 is used to store the heavy phase; the first inclined arc surface 12 and the second inclined arc surface 13 are used to guide the flow of the light phase and the heavy phase, respectively.

[0050] like Figure 6 As shown, the maximum height difference between the first inclined arc surface 12 and the fixed shell 6 is smaller than the maximum height difference between the second inclined arc surface 13 and the fixed shell 6, and the ring on the second guide block 9 is higher than the first guide tube 10, thereby avoiding the ring on the second guide block 9 from colliding with the first guide tube 10 during movement, thereby ensuring the normal use of both.

[0051] The specific workflow of the above solution is as follows:

[0052] When using this device for rare earth extraction, the staff connects the pumping device to the two liquid inlets on the extraction shell 2, and then uses the pumping device to transport the rare earth stock solution treated with heavy calcium carbonate into the liquid inlet on the right side of the extraction shell 2, and transports the organic extractant into the liquid inlet on the left side of the extraction shell 2. Then, the rare earth stock solution and the organic extractant are mixed in the extraction shell 2 and the extraction work is completed. The mixed liquid (this part of the liquid is the liquid that has completed extraction) enters the rotating shell 3 from the lower side of the rotating shell 3.

[0053] When feeding the rare earth stock solution and the organic extractant into the extraction shell 2, the staff starts the drive motor, which drives the rotating member 5 to rotate, and the rotating member 5 drives the rotating turbofan and the baffle thereon to rotate. The rotating turbofan stirs the rare earth stock solution and the organic extractant in the extraction shell 2, thereby accelerating the mixing speed of the two, improving the mass transfer efficiency of the two, and accelerating the extraction speed. At the same time, the mixed liquid collides with the baffle in the process of entering the rotating shell 3, and the baffle reduces the kinetic energy of the mixed liquid in the process of entering the rotating shell 3, thereby facilitating the separation of the light and heavy phases in the rotating shell 3.

[0054] During the rotation of the above-mentioned rotating member 5, the rotating member 5 drives the conical block 41 to rotate, and the conical block 41 drives the guide block 4 to rotate synchronously through the support rod. The guide block 4 drives the rotating shell 3 to rotate through the fixed block, and then the rotating shell 3 drives the mixed liquid therein to rotate, so that the mixed liquid in the rotating shell 3 is separated by centrifugal force, and the light phase (organic solution carrying rare earth elements) gathers at a position close to the rotating member 5, and the heavy phase (solution not carrying rare earth elements) gathers at a position close to the inner wall of the rotating shell 3. The separated light phase flows upward along the through hole in the middle of the guide block 4 into the first chamber 73, and the heavy phase enters the second chamber 74 along the gap between the guide block 4 and the fixed shell 6.

[0055] The light phase entering the first chamber 73 moves upward and contacts the ring on the first guide block 8. However, because the density of the first guide block 8 is greater than the density of the light phase, the first guide block 8 remains stationary. Then the light phase flows along the first connecting pipe 71 into the first cavity 112 of the liquid collecting shell 111 (at this time, the ring on the first guide block 8 separates the first chamber 73 into two parts, upper and lower, and the upper part is blocked, thereby preventing the light phase from flowing into the first guide pipe 10), and then flows downward along the first inclined arc surface 12, and finally flows into the collection device.

[0056] The heavy phase entering the second chamber 74 moves upward and contacts the second guide block 9. Since the density of the second guide block 9 is less than that of the heavy phase, the second guide block 9 moves upward due to the buoyancy when contacting the heavy phase, and the connection between the second connecting pipe 72 and the second chamber 74 is released, so that the heavy phase can flow along the second connecting pipe 72 to the second cavity 113 of the liquid collecting shell 111 (at this time, the arc block on the second guide block 9 blocks the second guide pipe 11, and the second guide block 9 moves upward to the extreme position, the upper side surface of the arc block on the second guide block 9 contacts the adjacent limit block, and is intercepted by the adjacent limit block and cannot move upward anymore), and then flows downward along the second inclined arc surface 13, and finally flows into the collection device for subsequent operations.

[0057] In the above-mentioned light and heavy phase separation process, if the volume of the light phase flowing into the extraction shell 2 per unit time fluctuates and decreases, the volume of the light phase entering the rotating shell 3 will decrease, causing part of the heavy phase to enter the light phase channel and flow upward along the through hole in the middle of the guide block 4 together with the light phase (the following description will take the mixed liquid as an example). When the mixed liquid enters the first chamber 73 and contacts the ring on the first guide block 8, the buoyancy of the ring on the first guide block 8 increases, causing the first guide block 8 to move upward. In this process, the first guide block The arc-shaped block on 8 gradually blocks the connection between the first connecting pipe 71 and the first chamber 73, so that the mixed liquid cannot continue to flow into the light phase collecting device, and at the same time gradually opens the connection between the first guide pipe 10 and the first chamber 73, so that the mixed liquid entering the first chamber 73 flows along the first guide pipe 10 into the extraction shell 2, and this part of the mixed liquid re-participates in the extraction process, reducing the volume of the heavy phase after extraction flowing into the light phase collecting device, reducing the influence of the heavy phase after extraction on the light phase after extraction, and improving the accuracy of the extraction result.

[0058] When the first guide block 8 moves upward to the extreme position (at this time, the upper side of the arc block of the first guide block 8 contacts the adjacent limit block and is intercepted by the adjacent limit block and cannot continue to move upward), the ring on the first guide block 8 is located above the first guide pipe 10, and the arc plate of the first guide block 8 still keeps blocking the entrance of the first connecting pipe until the volume of the light phase flowing into the extraction shell 2 per unit time is restored, so that the light phase flows along the through hole of the guide block 4 and the heavy phase flows along the gap between the guide block 4 and the fixed shell 6. At this time, the buoyancy of the first guide block 8 decreases, thereby causing the first guide block 8 to move downward, re-isolating the connection between the first chamber 73 and the first guide pipe 10, and re-releasing the connection between the first chamber 73 and the first connecting pipe 71, so that the light phase flows into the collection device.

[0059] If the volume of the heavy phase flowing into the extraction shell 2 per unit time fluctuates and decreases, the volume of the heavy phase entering the rotating shell 3 will decrease, causing the mixed liquid to enter the second chamber 74 along the gap between the guide block 4 and the fixed shell 6 and contact the upper ring of the second guide block 9, so that the buoyancy of the upper ring decreases, thereby causing the second guide block 9 to move downward under the action of its own gravity until the second guide block 9 moves downward until its upper ring contacts the adjacent limit block, and the second guide block 9 stops moving downward. At this time, the second guide pipe 11 is completely released, and the second guide pipe 11 is opened. The circular ring on the guide block 9 separates the second chamber 74 so that the mixed liquid no longer flows into the second connecting pipe 72. At this time, the mixed liquid flows along the second guide pipe 11, and the mixed liquid is refluxed, further improving the accuracy of the extraction result. After the volume of the heavy phase flowing into the extraction shell 2 per unit time is restored, the heavy phase flows along the gap between the guide block 4 and the fixed shell 6, increasing the buoyancy of the first guide block 8, thereby causing the first guide block 8 to move upward and re-block the connection between the second chamber 74 and the second guide pipe 11, so that the heavy phase flows into the collection device.

[0060] After the device has been running for a preset time (set by the staff), the staff will stop feeding the light phase and heavy phase into the extraction shell 2 and turn off the drive motor. The two liquids remaining in the extraction shell 2 will then be discharged from the discharge port on the lower side of the extraction shell 2. After the discharge, the device will be cleaned and maintained for subsequent use.

[0061] Example 2: Figure 2-Figure 5 and Figure 9As shown, it also includes: a fixed frame 14, which is slidably connected to the inside of the extraction shell 2; a movable shell 15, which is slidably connected to the rotating shell 3, the movable shell 15 is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 14, and the movable shell 15 is provided with a liquid inlet hole connected to the extraction shell 2; a filter element 16, which is fixed to the movable shell 15, and the filter element 16 is fixed to the rotating member 5, and the filter element 16 is fitted with the rotating shell 3, and the filter element 16 is made of a flexible material but has no elasticity; a mounting shell 17, which is detachably connected to one side of the extraction shell 2, and a movable module for driving the fixed frame 14 to move is provided in the mounting shell 17.

[0062] In the above scheme, the movable shell 15 is located on the outside of the rotating shell 3; the diameter of the liquid inlet hole on the movable shell 15 is smaller than the diameter of the rotating shell 3, and the diameter of the liquid inlet hole on the movable shell 15 is smaller than the diameter of the baffle on the rotating member 5; the filter element 16 is used to filter the light phase and heavy phase after extraction, so that the solid impurities generated during the extraction process adhere to it; the middle part of the lower side of the filter element 16 is fixedly connected to the rotating member 5; the movable module is an existing device, and the figure shows an electric push rod as an example, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 14.

[0063] like Figure 5 As shown, it also includes: two limiting rings 18, which are symmetrically distributed up and down and are both fixed to the filter element 16. The limiting rings 18 are made of elastic and variable material. The two limiting rings 18 are used together to support the filter element 16 so that the filter element 16 fits the inner wall of the rotating shell 3.

[0064] The specific workflow of the above solution is as follows:

[0065] During the extraction process, some impurities contained in the rare earth raw solution may react with the organic solution to form solid impurities. The solid impurities formed will adhere to the inner wall of the rotating shell 3, causing the rotating shell 3 to vibrate due to uneven mass distribution during rotation (imbalanced centrifugal force), thereby affecting the separation effect of the light phase and the heavy phase after extraction. The present invention solves this problem by adopting the following measures:

[0066] During the rotation of the rotating shell 3, the rotating shell 3 drives the movable shell 15 to rotate synchronously, and then drives the filter element 16 to rotate synchronously, so that the filter element 16 remains relatively stationary with the rotating shell 3, the rotating element 5 and the movable shell 15, thereby ensuring the stability of the shape of the filter element 16 and the filtering effect on the solution. At the same time, the filter element 16 isolates the solution from the inner wall of the rotating shell 3, so that solid impurities generated during the extraction process adhere to the inner surface of the filter element 16.

[0067] During the extraction process, the staff intermittently starts the moving module. At the same time as starting the moving module, the staff controls the pumping device to stop transporting the rare earth raw solution and organic extractant into the extraction shell 2. The moving module drives the fixed frame 14 to move downward, and the fixed frame 14 drives the moving shell 15 to move downward, thereby pulling the filter element 16 (causing the lower part of the filter element 16 to move downward), thereby changing the shape of the filter element 16, causing the filter element 16 to contract radially under tension (the two limit rings 18 contract synchronously to accumulate force), and then the impurities attached to it are separated from the filter element 16 during the process of the filter element 16 changing its shape, so that the separated impurities move along the filter element 16 into the extraction shell 2 and finally fall to the bottom of the extraction shell 2, reducing the influence of solid impurities on the centrifugal force generated during the rotation of the rotating shell 3, thereby ensuring the separation effect of the light phase and the heavy phase. At the same time, the fixed impurities that fall on the bottom of the extraction shell 2 can be discharged from the discharge port on its lower side.

[0068] After the fixed frame 14 moves downward to the extreme position, the staff controls the moving module to drive the fixed frame 14 to move upward, and then drives the moving shell 15 to move upward, reducing the tension on the filter element 16, and then the filter element 16 is reset to a normal state under the action of the two limit rings 18. After the fixed frame 14 moves upward to the initial position, the staff shuts down the moving module and repeats the operation in the subsequent extraction process to reduce the influence of solid impurities on the light and heavy phase separation effect.

[0069] After the device has been running for a preset time, the staff will clean and maintain the device according to the above operations in preparation for subsequent use.

[0070] The above is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes within the technical scope disclosed in the present application based on the technical solution and its improved ideas, which should be covered by the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A rare earth extraction and separation device based on heavy calcium carbonate, characterized in that: include: Base (1); An extraction shell (2) is fixedly connected to the base (1), the extraction shell (2) is provided with symmetrically distributed liquid inlet holes, a discharge port is provided on the lower side of the extraction shell (2), and a fixed shell (6) is fixedly connected inside the extraction shell (2); A rotating shell (3) is rotatably connected to the fixed shell (6); a guide block (4) is fixedly connected to the rotating shell (3) via a fixed block; the guide block (4) is provided with a through hole; a conical block (41) is fixedly connected to the through hole of the guide block (4) via a support rod; A rotating member (5) fixedly connected to the conical block (41); A guide shell (7) is fixed to the fixed shell (6), the guide shell (7) is rotatably connected to the guide block (4), the conical block (41) and the rotating member (5), and the guide block (4) and the fixed shell (6) are both connected to the guide shell (7), the guide shell (7) is fixed to and connected with a first connecting pipe (71) and a second connecting pipe (72) for discharging a light phase and a heavy phase respectively, and the guide shell (7) is limitedly slidably connected with a first guide block (8) and a second guide block (9), the first guide block (8) is used to change the flow area of ​​the first connecting pipe (71), and the second guide block (9) is used to change the flow area of ​​the second connecting pipe (72); A first chamber (73) and a second chamber (74) are provided in the guide housing (7); the first chamber (73) is communicated with the through hole of the guide block (4); the second chamber (74) is communicated with the fixed housing (6); the first guide block (8) is located in the first chamber (73); the second guide block (9) is located in the second chamber (74); the first connecting pipe (71) is communicated with the first chamber (73); and the second connecting pipe (72) is communicated with the second chamber (74); The flow guide shell (7) is fixedly connected to a first flow guide tube (10) and a second flow guide tube (11); the first flow guide tube (10) and the second flow guide tube (11) are both fixedly connected to and communicated with the extraction shell (2); the first flow guide tube (10) is communicated with the first chamber (73), and the second flow guide tube (11) is communicated with the second chamber (74).

2. A rare earth extraction and separation device based on heavy calcium carbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first guide block (8) and the second guide block (9) are both composed of a circular ring, an arc-shaped block and a connecting plate therebetween.

3. A rare earth extraction and separation device based on heavy calcium carbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid collecting shell (111) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the extraction shell (2). The interior of the liquid collecting shell (111) is divided into a first cavity (112) and a second cavity (113). The liquid collecting shell (111) is provided with two flow holes that are respectively connected to the first cavity (112) and the second cavity (113). The first cavity (112) is provided with a first inclined arc surface (12), and the second cavity (113) is provided with a second inclined arc surface (13). The first cavity (112) is connected to the first connecting pipe (71), and the second cavity (113) is connected to the second connecting pipe (72).

4. A rare earth extraction and separation device based on heavy calcium carbonate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The maximum height difference between the first inclined arc surface (12) and the fixed shell (6) is smaller than the maximum height difference between the second inclined arc surface (13) and the fixed shell (6), and the ring on the second guide block (9) is higher than the first guide pipe (10).

5. The rare earth extraction and separation device based on heavy calcium carbonate according to claim 3 is characterized in that include: A fixing frame (14) is slidably connected to the interior of the extraction shell (2); A movable shell (15) is slidably connected to the rotating shell (3), the movable shell (15) is rotatably connected to the fixed frame (14), and the movable shell (15) is provided with a liquid inlet hole communicating with the extraction shell (2); A filter element (16) is fixed to the movable shell (15), and the filter element (16) is fixed to the rotating element (5), and the filter element (16) is in contact with the rotating shell (3); The mounting shell (17) is detachably connected to one side of the extraction shell (2), and a moving module for driving the fixing frame (14) to move is provided in the mounting shell (17).

6. A rare earth extraction and separation device based on heavy calcium carbonate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filter element (16) is made of a flexible material but does not have elasticity.

7. The rare earth extraction and separation device based on heavy calcium carbonate according to claim 5, characterized in that: include: The limiting rings (18) are provided with two symmetrically distributed ones, both of which are fixed in the filter element (16).

8. A rare earth extraction and separation device based on heavy calcium carbonate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limiting ring (18) is made of an elastically deformable material.

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