Combustion type air supply self-driven air inlet heating system of supercharged engine

Abstract

The invention provides a combustion type air supply self-driving air inlet heating system of a supercharged engine. The combustion type air supply self-driving air inlet heating system mainly comprises an engine main engine, a supercharger air compressor, a supercharger turbine, a combustion type heater, related connecting pipelines, a controller and other auxiliary mechanisms. The method is mainly characterized in that under the adjustment of a controller, a downstream high-temperature working medium of a combustion type heater can be converged into a main circulation gas path between a supercharger gas compressor and an engine; and a main circulation gas path between the engine and a supercharger turbine can be converged, the supercharger is driven to operate at a high speed under the low-speed working condition of the engine, the gas inlet flow of the engine is increased, cooperative increase of the gas inlet temperature and the gas inlet amount of the engine in the high-altitude low-temperature external environment and the like is supported, and continuous and stable combustion in an engine cylinder is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of supercharging power, and in particular relates to a supercharging engine combustion-type air-supplementing self-driven intake heating system. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of a supercharged engine, prolonged downtime in low-temperature environments can cause the engine body temperature to drop excessively. This can lead to unstable ignition and even start failure during cold starts due to low intake and body temperatures. Currently, a common solution is to install a combustion-type intake air heater upstream of the engine main engine. This consumes some fuel and intake air to increase the engine intake temperature, enabling a fast and stable cold start of the engine main engine.

[0003] However, combustion-based intake heaters require additional oxygen consumption beyond the engine's existing intake conditions. This is particularly true in extreme environments, such as high altitudes, where engine intake volume is low. The turbocharger cannot operate at high speeds during startup, preventing it from providing sufficient intake air to the engine. Furthermore, the additional oxygen consumption from combustion-based intake heating further reduces the oxygen content in the engine's intake air. Consequently, engineers implementing combustion-based intake heaters must find a balance between increasing intake air temperature and decreasing intake air oxygen content. This creates significant challenges, such as a narrowing or even disappearing balance in extreme environments, and the inability to start the engine reliably. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a supercharged engine combustion-type air-supply self-driven intake heating system to solve at least one problem existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0006] A supercharged engine combustion-type air-supplementing self-driven intake heating system includes an engine main engine, a supercharger compressor, a supercharger turbine, a combustion-type heater, connecting pipes, and a controller. The supercharger compressor is connected to the engine main engine and the combustion-type heater pipeline respectively through connecting pipes. A controller is further installed between the supercharger compressor, the engine main engine, and the combustion-type heater. The combustion-type heater is connected to the engine main engine and the supercharger turbine pipeline respectively through connecting pipes. A controller is further installed between the combustion-type heater, the engine main engine, and the supercharger turbine.

[0007] The system's working modes include self-driven heating mode, supercharged self-driven mode, intake heating mode and simple supercharged mode. The system can be switched between self-driven heating mode, supercharged self-driven mode, intake heating mode and simple supercharged mode by connecting the pipelines and the controller.

[0008] Furthermore, the supercharger compressor, the engine main unit, the supercharger turbine and the connecting pipeline form a main circulation sub-air path, the supercharger compressor, the combustion heater, the engine main unit and the connecting pipeline form an intake heating sub-air path, the supercharger compressor, the combustion heater, the supercharger turbine and the connecting pipeline form a boost self-drive sub-air path, and the intake heating sub-air path and the boost self-drive sub-air path form a heating-drive sub-air path.

[0009] Furthermore, there are two controllers, namely controller A and controller B, which can change the distribution of the high-pressure working fluid of the supercharger compressor and the high-temperature working fluid of the combustion heater in their respective downstream branch gas paths.

[0010] Furthermore, in the simple supercharging mode, the working fluid only passes through one sub-gas path of the main circulation sub-gas path, which is responsible for the engine intake supercharging.

[0011] Furthermore, in the intake air heating mode, the working fluid passes through the main circulation sub-path and the intake air heating sub-path, and is responsible for engine intake pressure boosting and engine intake heating.

[0012] Furthermore, in the supercharged self-driven mode, the working fluid is responsible for the engine intake supercharging and the supercharger turbine driving air supply through the main circulation sub-gas path and the supercharged self-driven sub-gas path.

[0013] Furthermore, in the self-driven heating mode, the working fluid passes through the main circulation sub-path, the intake heating sub-path and the supercharged self-driven sub-path, and is responsible for engine intake supercharging, engine intake heating and supercharger turbine driven air supply.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the supercharged engine combustion-type air-supplemented self-driven intake heating system described in the present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] The present invention describes a supercharged engine combustion-type air-supplementing and self-driven intake heating system, which supports the system to further form two operating modes, "supercharged self-drive" and "self-driven heating", on the basis of the original "simple supercharging" and "intake heating" modes by adding a connecting pipe for conveying working fluid between the engine main unit and the supercharger turbine downstream of the combustion-type intake heater and adding a related control system. This supports the heater to provide air supplement to the supercharger and drive the supercharger to exceed the engine exhaust energy limit to achieve a higher air supply level, thereby achieving partial decoupling of the supercharger speed and the engine speed under low-speed engine conditions, and improving problems such as severe supercharging lag and difficulty in cold starting at low temperatures in special environments such as high altitudes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of the present invention, are provided to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are provided to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a common combustion-type intake air heating system and working gas path principle in the intake air heating mode;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a common combustion-type intake heating system and working gas path principle in simple supercharging mode;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the principle of the supercharged engine combustion-type air-supplemented self-driven intake heating system and the working gas path in the self-driven heating mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the principle of the supercharged engine combustion-type air-supplemented self-driven intake heating system and the working gas path in the supercharged self-driven mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the principle of the combustion-type air-supply self-driven intake heating system and the working gas path of a supercharged engine in the intake heating mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the combustion-type air-supply self-driven intake heating system and the working gas path of the supercharged engine in the simple supercharging mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a supercharged engine combustion-type air-supplemented self-driven intake heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0027] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0028] like Figures 3 to 7 As shown, a supercharged engine combustion-type air-supply self-driven intake heating system mainly includes an engine main unit, a supercharger compressor, a supercharger turbine, a combustion-type heater, related connecting pipes and controllers and other ancillary mechanisms. Under the constraints of related connecting pipes and controllers and other ancillary mechanisms, the high-temperature working fluid downstream of the combustion-type heater can simultaneously complete the two tasks of providing a heat source to heat the engine intake air and providing an air source to drive the supercharger to operate at high speed, thereby supporting the coordinated improvement of the engine intake air temperature and intake air flow rate under external environments such as high altitude and low temperature, and realizing continuous and stable combustion in the engine cylinder.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the relevant connecting pipelines are capable of constituting the main circulation sub-air path of "supercharger compressor-engine main engine-supercharger turbine", the intake heating sub-air path of "supercharger compressor-combustion heater-engine main engine" and the boost self-drive sub-air path of "supercharger compressor-combustion heater-supercharger turbine", wherein the latter two are combined to form the heating-drive sub-air path.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the controller is capable of changing the distribution of the high-pressure working fluid of the supercharger compressor and the high-temperature working fluid of the combustion heater in their respective downstream branch air paths. Its specific form can be a single or multiple valve plugs and other mechanisms, and its driving method can be pneumatic, hydraulic, electromagnetic, mechanical or related combinations.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the relevant connecting pipelines and auxiliary mechanisms such as controllers can, based on environmental parameters such as external air temperature and air pressure and the starting requirements of the engine main engine, on the one hand control the reasonable distribution of the high-pressure working fluid downstream of the supercharger compressor between entering the heating-driving sub-air path and remaining in the main circulation sub-air path; on the other hand control the reasonable distribution of the high-temperature working fluid downstream of the combustion heater between entering the upstream of the engine main engine to heat the intake and entering the downstream of the engine main engine to drive the supercharging, thereby realizing the switching of the system between modes such as simple supercharging mode, intake heating mode, supercharging self-drive mode and self-drive heating mode.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the simple supercharging mode, the working medium only passes through one sub-circuit of the main circulation sub-circuit of "supercharger compressor-engine main engine-supercharger turbine". At this time, the system is only responsible for the engine intake supercharging, and the working process is the same as that of a conventional supercharged engine.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the intake air heating mode, the working medium passes through two sub-air paths: the main circulation sub-air path of "supercharger compressor-engine main engine-supercharger turbine" and the intake air heating sub-air path of "supercharger compressor-combustion heater-engine main engine". At this time, the system is responsible for both engine intake pressurization and engine intake heating, and the working process is the same as that of a conventional supercharged engine combustion-type intake air heating system.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the supercharged self-driven mode, the working medium passes through two sub-circuits: the main circulation sub-circuit of "supercharger compressor-engine main engine-supercharger turbine" and the supercharged self-driven sub-circuit of "supercharger compressor-combustion heater-supercharger turbine". At this time, the system is responsible for both the engine intake supercharging and the supercharger turbine driven air supply, thereby supporting the supercharger to run at high speed under low engine speed conditions and providing higher intake pressure for the engine.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the self-driven heating mode, the working medium passes through three sub-paths: the main circulation sub-path of "supercharger compressor-engine main engine-supercharger turbine", the intake heating sub-path of "supercharger compressor-combustion heater-engine main engine" and the boost self-driven sub-path of "supercharger compressor-combustion heater-supercharger turbine". At this time, the system is simultaneously responsible for engine intake boosting, engine intake heating and supercharger turbine driven air supply, thereby supporting the coordinated improvement of engine intake temperature and intake flow rate.

[0036] Figures 1 to 2 This is a common combustion-type intake heating system and working gas circuit principle, where light color indicates the pipeline is closed; Figure 1 Intake air heating mode (main cycle + intake air heating sub-circuit), Figure 2 It is a simple boosting mode (main cycle sub-gas path);

[0037] Figures 3 to 6 This is the principle diagram of the combustion-type intake heating and air supplement drive system and the working gas circuit of this application, where light colors indicate closed pipelines; Figure 3 It is self-driven heating mode (main cycle + heating-driven sub-gas path). Figure 4 It is the supercharged self-driven mode (main cycle + supercharged self-driven sub-gas path). Figure 5 Intake air heating mode (main cycle + intake air heating sub-circuit), Figure 6 It is a simple boost mode (main circulation sub-gas path).

[0038] Based on the conventional supercharged engine combustion-type intake heating system, the present invention constructs a supercharged self-driven sub-air path of "supercharger compressor-combustion-type heater-supercharger turbine" by adding a combustion-type intake heater to the connecting pipe between the engine main unit and the supercharger turbine and related controllers. Based on the original system's "simple supercharging mode" and "intake heating mode", it further constitutes two operating modes of "supercharged self-drive" and "self-driven heating". The system can use the high-temperature working fluid generated by the combustion-type intake heater to supply air to the supercharger turbine while realizing the engine intake supercharging and intake heating functions. Furthermore, under low-speed operating conditions such as engine cold start, the supercharger is driven to exceed the engine exhaust energy limit and achieve a higher operating speed and supercharging level, thereby realizing partial decoupling of the supercharger speed and the engine speed, and realizing the coordinated improvement of the intake temperature and intake volume during the engine cold start process.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] 1. By adding relevant controllers upstream of the combustion-type intake heater, the distribution of the high-pressure working fluid generated by the turbocharger compressor flowing upstream of the engine main engine and upstream of the combustion-type intake heater is controlled, thereby restricting the participation of the compressor high-pressure working fluid in the main engine combustion and the heater combustion.

[0041] 2. Add a connecting pipe downstream of the combustion-type intake air heater to transport the working fluid between the engine main unit and the supercharger turbine, and control the distribution of the high-temperature working fluid generated by the combustion-type intake air heater in the flow to the upstream of the engine main unit and the flow to the upstream of the supercharger turbine by adding relevant controllers, thereby restricting the participation of the heater's high-temperature working fluid in the two processes of intake heating and air supply drive.

[0042] 3. In the simple supercharging mode, the control system cuts off the intake of the combustion-type intake heater, and the working fluid only passes through the main circulation sub-air path of "supercharger compressor-engine main engine-supercharger turbine" to support the system to supercharge the engine's intake air. The working process is the same as that of a conventional supercharged engine.

[0043] 4. In the intake air heating mode, the control system cuts off the air supply line from the combustion-type intake air heater to the downstream of the engine main engine, and controls part of the working fluid to supercharge the engine's intake air through the main circulation sub-air path of "supercharger compressor-engine main engine-supercharger turbine" and the supporting system, and controls part of the working fluid to heat the engine's intake air through the intake heating sub-air path of "supercharger compressor-combustion-type heater-engine main engine" and the supporting system. The working process is the same as that of the combustion-type intake air heating system of a conventional supercharged engine.

[0044] 5. In the supercharged self-driven mode, the control system cuts off the air supply line from the combustion-type intake heater to the upstream of the engine main engine, and controls part of the working fluid to pass through the main circulation sub-air path of "supercharger compressor-engine main engine-supercharger turbine" and the support system to supercharge the engine's intake air, and controls part of the working fluid to pass through the supercharged self-driven sub-air path of "supercharger compressor-combustion-type heater-supercharger turbine" and the support system to drive the supercharger's air supply, thereby achieving partial decoupling of the supercharger speed and the engine speed under low-speed engine conditions and further improving the intake supercharger level of the engine main engine.

[0045] 6. In the self-driven heating mode, the control system does not cut off any air supply pipeline of the system, and controls part of the working fluid to pass through the main circulation sub-air path of "supercharger compressor-engine main engine-supercharger turbine" and the support system to boost the engine's intake, controls part of the working fluid to pass through the intake heating sub-air path of "supercharger compressor-combustion heater-engine main engine" and the support system to heat the engine's intake, and controls part of the working fluid to pass through the boosted self-driven sub-air path of "supercharger compressor-combustion heater-supercharger turbine" and the support system to drive the supercharger with supplementary air. On the one hand, it provides a heat source to maintain the heating of the engine's intake, and on the other hand, it drives the supercharger to exceed the engine's exhaust energy limit and achieve a higher level of boosted air supply, thereby suppressing the negative impact of the heater's oxygen consumption while heating the intake, achieving a coordinated improvement in the engine's intake temperature and intake flow rate, and supporting a rapid temperature cold start of the engine.

[0046] The present invention adds a connecting pipeline for conveying working fluid between the engine main unit and the supercharger turbine downstream of the combustion-type intake heater and adds a related control system. The support system further forms two operating modes of "supercharging self-drive" and "self-drive heating" on the basis of the original "simple supercharging" and "intake heating" modes, thereby supporting the heater to provide air supplement to the supercharger and drive the supercharger to exceed the engine exhaust energy limit to achieve a higher air supply level, thereby achieving partial decoupling of the supercharger speed and the engine speed under low-speed engine conditions, and improving problems such as severe supercharging lag and difficulty in cold starting at low temperatures in special environments such as high altitudes.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] This embodiment provides a qualitative judgment analysis of virtual working status based on assumed data (wherein, the purpose of setting the assumed data is to facilitate a better understanding of this solution, the assumed data does not represent the operating data during actual use, and the actual operation must be based on the actual situation).

[0049] Assume that an engine requires fresh air intake at 20°C and 1 kg / s for stable starting, exhaust air at 2.5 kg / s or more for stable boost, and a pressure ratio ≥ 1.5, ignoring the effect of fuel on exhaust flow. Furthermore, its naturally aspirated air intake is 2 kg / s at plains, 1.5 kg / s at mid-altitudes, and 1 kg / s at high altitudes.

[0050] Then, when it is in a low temperature environment and needs to consume 30% of fresh air to ensure the intake air temperature:

[0051] Under plain conditions, the naturally aspirated air intake volume is 2kg / s, and the normal air intake heating start process is as follows:

[0052] Heating consumes 0.6kg / s of fresh air, and the remaining fresh air is 1.4kg / s>1kg / s, which enables stable starting;

[0053] The total exhaust volume is 2kg / s<2.5kg / s, and the supercharger is not working stably;

[0054] At medium altitude, with a self-priming air intake of 1.5 kg / s, the following is the normal air intake heating start process:

[0055] Heating consumes 0.45kg / s of fresh air, and the remaining fresh air is 1.05kg / s>1kg / s, which enables stable starting;

[0056] The total exhaust volume is 1.5kg / s<2.5kg / s, and the supercharger is not working stably;

[0057] At high altitudes:

[0058] Without air supply drive, heating consumes 0.3kg / s of intake air, and the remaining fresh intake air is 0.7kg / s < 1kg / s, which makes it impossible to start stably;

[0059] Without air supply drive, the total exhaust volume is 1kg / s<2.5kg / s, and the supercharger does not work stably;

[0060] The boost air supply is 1.5kg / s, the total exhaust volume is 2.5kg / s≥2.5kg / s, the supercharger works stably, and the pressure ratio is ≥1.5;

[0061] When the pressure ratio is ≥1.5, the intake air is ≥1.5kg / s, and the remaining fresh intake air is ≥1.05kg / s>1kg / s, the engine can start stably;

[0062] At higher altitudes, the air supply volume can be further driven to achieve a higher boost pressure ratio to ensure stable starting.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A supercharged engine combustion-type air-supply self-driven intake heating system, characterized by: The system comprises an engine main unit, a supercharger compressor, a supercharger turbine, a combustion heater, connecting pipes and a controller. The supercharger compressor is connected to the engine main unit and the combustion heater pipes respectively through connecting pipes. A controller is further installed between the supercharger compressor, the engine main unit and the combustion heater. The combustion heater is connected to the engine main unit and the supercharger turbine pipes respectively through connecting pipes. A controller is further installed between the combustion heater, the engine main unit and the supercharger turbine. The system's working modes include self-driven heating mode, supercharged self-driven mode, intake heating mode and simple supercharged mode. The system can be switched between self-driven heating mode, supercharged self-driven mode, intake heating mode and simple supercharged mode by connecting the pipelines and the controller.

2. The supercharged engine combustion-type air-supply self-driven intake heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supercharger compressor, the engine main unit, the supercharger turbine and the connecting pipeline form a main circulation sub-air path, the supercharger compressor, the combustion heater, the engine main unit and the connecting pipeline form an intake heating sub-air path, the supercharger compressor, the combustion heater, the supercharger turbine and the connecting pipeline form a supercharged self-driven sub-air path, and the intake heating sub-air path and the supercharged self-driven sub-air path form a heating-driven sub-air path.

3. The supercharged engine combustion-type air-supply self-driven intake heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are two controllers, namely controller A and controller B. The controllers can change the distribution of the high-pressure working fluid of the supercharger compressor and the high-temperature working fluid of the combustion heater in their respective downstream branch gas paths.

4. The supercharged engine combustion-type air-supply self-driven intake heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the simple boost mode, the working fluid only passes through one sub-gas path of the main circulation sub-gas path, which is responsible for the engine intake boost.

5. The supercharged engine combustion-type air-supply self-driven intake heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the intake heating mode, the working fluid passes through the main circulation sub-gas path and the intake heating sub-gas path, and is responsible for engine intake boosting and engine intake heating.

6. The supercharged engine combustion-type air-supply self-driven intake heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the supercharged self-driven mode, the working fluid passes through the main circulation sub-air path and the supercharged self-driven sub-air path, and is responsible for the engine intake supercharging and supercharger turbine drive air supply.

7. The supercharged engine combustion-type air-supply self-driven intake heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the self-driven heating mode, the working fluid passes through the main circulation sub-gas path, the intake heating sub-gas path and the supercharged self-driven sub-gas path, and is responsible for engine intake supercharging, engine intake heating and supercharger turbine drive air supply.

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