Biomass fuel supply system based on waste heat water explosion pretreatment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biomass energy utilization, in particular to a biomass fuel supply system based on waste heat water explosion pretreatment, comprising: a boiler device comprising a coal boiler, a superheater, a reheater and an economizer arranged above a hearth of the coal boiler; the steam system comprises a high-pressure steam turbine and a low-pressure steam turbine, an inlet and an outlet of the high-pressure steam turbine and an inlet and an outlet of the low-pressure steam turbine are connected with the superheater and the reheater through pipeline assemblies to form a circulation pipeline, and an outlet of the high-pressure steam turbine is further connected with the biomass fuel supply system through a pipeline assembly; the biomass fuel supply system comprises a bursting machine, and part of steam discharged by the high-pressure steam turbine is distributed to a steam inlet of the bursting machine through a pipeline assembly. According to the invention, high-temperature and high-pressure steam generated by the boiler is directly used for water explosion pretreatment of biomass, so that synchronous and efficient completion of crushing and drying is realized, and the overall energy consumption of the system is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biomass energy utilization, and in particular to a biomass fuel supply system based on waste water thermal explosion pretreatment. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing severity of global environmental problems and the gradual depletion of traditional fossil energy, biomass energy has received widespread attention as a renewable and clean energy source. However, existing biomass fuel pretreatment technologies have significant drawbacks: traditional processes usually require the independent configuration of mechanical crushing equipment and drying devices, which not only has complex processes and large equipment investments, but also high energy consumption and low thermal energy utilization rate; at the same time, the segmented processing method makes it difficult to accurately control the particle size and moisture content of the biomass fuel, resulting in low and unstable combustion efficiency. Although existing technologies have attempted to use boiler waste heat for biomass thermal treatment, they still cannot achieve the simultaneous and efficient completion of crushing and drying. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new integrated system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems, and to propose a biomass fuel supply system based on waste heat explosion pretreatment.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a biomass fuel supply system based on waste water explosion pretreatment, comprising:

[0005] The boiler device includes a coal-fired boiler, wherein a superheater, a reheater, and an economizer are arranged above the furnace of the coal-fired boiler, a coal mill and a burner are provided at the bottom of the furnace of the coal-fired boiler, and an outlet of the coal mill is connected to the burner via a conveying pipeline;

[0006] A steam system comprising a high-pressure steam turbine and a low-pressure steam turbine, wherein the inlets and outlets of the high-pressure steam turbine and the low-pressure steam turbine are connected to a superheater and a reheater via a piping assembly to form a circulation pipeline, and the outlet of the high-pressure steam turbine is also connected to a biomass fuel supply system via a piping assembly;

[0007] The biomass fuel supply system includes a blasting machine. Part of the steam discharged from the high-pressure steam turbine is diverted to the steam inlet of the blasting machine through a pipeline assembly. The discharge end of the blasting machine is connected to a dryer and a classifier in sequence. The qualified fuel outlet of the classifier is connected to a burner, and the unqualified fuel is returned to the blasting machine for reprocessing.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the pipeline assembly includes pipeline A, pipeline B, pipeline C, pipeline D and branch pipelines. The inlet of the high-pressure steam turbine is connected to the superheater through pipeline B, and its outlet is connected to the reheater through pipeline C, and part of the steam is introduced into the steam inlet of the blasting machine of the biomass fuel supply system through the branch pipeline. The inlet of the low-pressure steam turbine is connected to the reheater through pipeline A, and its outlet is connected to the superheater through pipeline D. A condenser is provided on pipeline D.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the pipeline A, pipeline B, pipeline C and branch pipelines are all provided with parallel backup pipelines, and the backup pipelines are controlled in linkage with the main pipeline through an electric switching valve.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the working temperature of the blasting machine is ~℃, the working pressure is MPa, and the biomass is crushed and dried by using boiler reheated steam.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the classifier adopts screening or airflow classification to ensure that the particle size of the biomass fuel fed into the burner meets the combustion requirements.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the branch pipeline further branches out to form a branch pipe connected to a dryer for extracting low-temperature steam to dry the exploded biomass.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a control system is also included for monitoring temperature, pressure, flow rate and fuel moisture content in real time, and automatically adjusting steam distribution, explosion parameters and fuel delivery rate to optimize combustion efficiency.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, an auxiliary system is further provided, including a denitrification device, an air heater, a dust removal device, a heat exchanger and a desulfurization device which are connected through an air duct and sequentially arranged at the flue outlet of the coal boiler.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the outlet of the air heater is connected to the denitrification device and the burner respectively through an air duct, so as to simultaneously provide preheated combustion air and adjust the temperature of the denitrification flue gas.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the inlet of one end of the air heater is connected to a fan A through an air duct, the air duct between the dust removal device and the heat exchanger is connected to a fan B, and the outlet of the desulfurization device is connected to a fan C through an air duct.

[0017] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: by directly using the high-temperature and high-pressure steam generated by the boiler for the water explosion pretreatment of biomass, the simultaneous and efficient completion of crushing and drying is achieved, avoiding the high energy consumption problem of mechanical crushing and hot air drying carried out step by step in the traditional process, and greatly reducing the overall energy consumption of the system; utilizing the boiler waste heat and the branch pipeline design of the steam circulation system, energy is utilized in a closed loop, without the need for additional independent heat sources and power equipment, significantly reducing equipment investment and operating costs; through the instantaneous high-pressure steam impact of the blaster, the biomass fiber structure is fully crushed and dehydrated simultaneously, and the refined processing of the dryer and classifier is coordinated to ensure that the fuel particle size and moisture content accurately meet the combustion requirements, effectively improving the combustion efficiency and stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the biomass fuel supply system based on waste water explosion pretreatment according to the present invention;

[0019] In the figure: 10. Coal boiler; 11. Reheater; 12. Superheater; 13. Economizer; 14. Burner; 15. High-pressure steam turbine; 16. Low-pressure steam turbine; 17. Coal mill; 18. Condenser; 20. Pipeline A; 21. Pipeline B; 22. Pipeline C; 23. Pipeline D; 24. Branch pipeline; 30. Crusher; 31. Dryer; 32. Classifier; 4. Denitrification device; 5. Air heater; 6. Dust removal device; 7. Heat exchanger; 8. Desulfurization device; 90. Fan A; 91. Fan B; 92. Fan C. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a biomass fuel supply system based on waste heat water explosion pretreatment, comprising a boiler device, a steam system, and a biomass fuel supply system. The core of the boiler device is a coal boiler 10, on the furnace of which a superheater 12, a reheater 11, and an economizer 13 are arranged in sequence to form a highly efficient heat recovery structure; a coal mill 17 and a burner 14 are provided at the bottom of the furnace, and the coal mill 17 is connected to the burner 14 via a conveying pipe to ensure uniform fuel supply and improve combustion efficiency. This design fully utilizes the waste heat of the boiler while providing a stable source of high-temperature steam for the subsequent pretreatment of the biomass fuel.

[0022] The steam system consists of a high-pressure steam turbine 15 and a low-pressure steam turbine 16. Through piping components, it forms a closed-loop circuit with the superheater 12 and reheater 11, achieving efficient, cascaded steam utilization. A portion of the steam from the high-pressure steam turbine 15 outlet is transported via branch pipeline 24 to the biomass fuel supply system, ensuring power generation while providing a stable heat source for biomass pretreatment, significantly improving energy efficiency.

[0023] The biomass fuel supply system includes a blasting machine 30, a dryer 31, and a classifier 32. A portion of the steam exhausted by the high-pressure steam turbine 15 enters the blasting machine 30 through a branch line 24. The instantaneous impact of the high-temperature, high-pressure steam achieves an integrated biomass pulverization and drying process. The dryer 31 further utilizes waste heat from the boiler to reduce the fuel's moisture content. The classifier 32 ensures that the fuel particle size meets combustion requirements through screening or airflow classification. Unqualified fuel is returned to the blasting machine 30 for reprocessing, forming a closed-loop optimization system that effectively improves fuel quality and combustion stability.

[0024] The piping assembly, consisting of pipelines A20, B21, C22, D23, and branch pipeline 24, forms a complete steam circulation network. The inlet of the high-pressure steam turbine 15 is connected to the superheater 12 via pipeline B21, and the outlet returns to the reheater 11 via pipeline C22. A portion of the steam is supplied to the blasting machine 30 via branch pipeline 24. The inlet of the low-pressure steam turbine 16 is connected to the reheater 11 via pipeline A20, and the outlet returns to the superheater 12 via pipeline D23. A condenser 18 is installed on pipeline D23 to condense and recover steam. This piping layout optimizes steam distribution and ensures stable system operation.

[0025] To improve system reliability, pipeline A20, pipeline B21, pipeline C22 and branch pipeline 24 are all equipped with parallel backup pipelines, and intelligent switching between the main pipeline and the backup pipeline is achieved through electric switching valves to avoid system shutdown due to pipeline failure and enhance overall operational stability.

[0026] During specific implementation, the working temperature of the blasting machine 30 is controlled at 180-320°C and the working pressure is 5MPa. The high temperature and high pressure characteristics of the boiler reheated steam are utilized to enable the biomass to complete fiber explosion and water evaporation in a short time. Compared with traditional mechanical crushing and hot air drying processes, energy consumption is reduced by more than 30%, and the processing time is greatly shortened.

[0027] In specific implementation, the classifier 32 adopts screening or airflow classification to accurately control the fuel particle size according to combustion requirements, ensure that the biomass fuel fed into the burner 14 has optimal combustion characteristics, and reduce energy loss and pollutant emissions caused by incomplete combustion.

[0028] In specific implementation, the branch pipeline 24 is also provided with a branch pipe connected to the dryer 31, and low-temperature steam is introduced into the dryer 31 to perform secondary drying on the exploded biomass, making full use of the waste heat of the steam, further improving energy utilization efficiency, reducing the moisture content of the fuel, and meeting the requirements of efficient combustion.

[0029] During specific implementation, the system is also equipped with an intelligent control system to monitor key parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow rate and fuel moisture content in real time, and achieve dynamic optimization of combustion efficiency by automatically adjusting the steam distribution ratio, blasting machine operating parameters and fuel delivery speed, thereby reducing manual intervention and improving the level of automated operation.

[0030] In practice, an auxiliary system is also provided. It includes a denitrification device 4, an air heater 5, a dust removal device 6, a heat exchanger 7, and a desulfurization device 8. These are sequentially arranged at the flue outlet of a coal-fired boiler 10, forming a complete flue gas purification chain. The air heater 5 is connected to the denitrification device 4 and burner 14 via air ducts. This system not only provides preheated combustion air for combustion but also regulates the temperature of the denitrified flue gas, ensuring efficient denitrification while reducing nitrogen oxide emissions.

[0031] During specific implementation, the outlet of the air heater 5 is connected to the denitrification device 4 and the burner 14 respectively through the air duct, so as to simultaneously provide preheated combustion air and adjust the temperature of the denitrification flue gas.

[0032] During specific implementation, the inlet of the air heater 5 is connected to the fan A90 through the air duct, the air duct between the dust removal device 6 and the heat exchanger 7 is connected to the fan B91, and the outlet of the desulfurization device 8 is connected to the fan C92, forming a forced ventilation system to ensure smooth flow of flue gas, improve the efficiency of pollutant removal, and make the emission indicators meet environmental protection standards.

[0033] The detailed connection means are well-known technologies in this field. The following mainly introduces the working principle and process. The specific operations are as follows.

[0034] The system, centered around a coal-fired boiler 10, generates high-temperature steam by burning biomass fuel or a biomass-coal mixture. This steam then flows sequentially through a superheater 12, a reheater 11, and an economizer 13, transferring heat energy and optimizing steam parameters. A high-pressure steam turbine 15 utilizes this high-temperature, high-pressure steam to generate electricity. A portion of the steam is then recycled to the reheater 11 via pipeline C22. Meanwhile, a branch pipeline 24 diverts the reheated steam, at a temperature of 180-320°C and 5 MPa, to a blasting machine 30. In the blasting machine 30, the biomass feedstock experiences the instantaneous impact of high-pressure steam. Through a three-stage process of "preheating, maintaining pressure, and rapidly reducing pressure," the biomass vaporizes and expands, causing the fiber structure to rupture, simultaneously achieving pulverization and drying. The processed biomass then passes through a dryer 31, utilizing waste heat from the boiler, for further dehydration. The biomass is then sorted by particle size in a classifier 32. Qualified fuel is then directly fed to the burner 14 for combustion, while unqualified particles are returned to the blasting machine 30 for further processing. The entire steam circulation system forms a closed loop through pipelines A20, B21, C22, D23, and branch pipeline 24. Condenser 18 in pipeline D23 condenses and recovers steam. The system dynamically adjusts the steam distribution ratio and blasting mill operating parameters by real-time monitoring of parameters such as temperature, pressure, and fuel moisture content. Auxiliary equipment such as the denitrification unit 4, air heater 5, and dust removal unit 6 collaborate to optimize combustion efficiency and emissions control, ultimately achieving efficient recovery of boiler waste heat and integrated refined processing of biomass fuel.

[0035] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biomass fuel supply system based on waste water explosion pretreatment, characterized in that: Includes: A boiler device comprises a coal-fired boiler (10), wherein a superheater (12), a reheater (11) and an economizer (13) are arranged above the furnace of the coal-fired boiler (10), a coal mill (17) and a burner (14) are provided at the bottom of the furnace of the coal-fired boiler (10), and an outlet of the coal mill (17) is connected to the burner (14) via a conveying pipe; A steam system comprising a high-pressure steam turbine (15) and a low-pressure steam turbine (16), wherein inlets and outlets of the high-pressure steam turbine (15) and the low-pressure steam turbine (16) are connected to a superheater (12) and a reheater (11) via a pipeline assembly to form a circulation pipeline, and an outlet of the high-pressure steam turbine (15) is also connected to a biomass fuel supply system via a pipeline assembly; A biomass fuel supply system includes a blasting machine (30), wherein part of the steam discharged from the high-pressure steam turbine (15) is diverted to the steam inlet of the blasting machine (30) through a pipeline assembly, the discharge end of the blasting machine (30) is sequentially connected to a dryer (31) and a classifier (32), the qualified fuel outlet of the classifier (32) is connected to a burner (14), and unqualified fuel is returned to the blasting machine (30) for reprocessing.

2. The biomass fuel supply system based on waste water explosion pretreatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline assembly includes a pipeline A (20), a pipeline B (21), a pipeline C (22), a pipeline D (23) and a branch pipeline (24); the inlet of the high-pressure steam turbine (15) is connected to the superheater (12) through the pipeline B (21), and the outlet thereof is connected to the reheater (11) through the pipeline C (22); and part of the steam is introduced into the steam inlet of the blasting machine (30) of the biomass fuel supply system through the branch pipeline (24); the inlet of the low-pressure steam turbine (16) is connected to the reheater (11) through the pipeline A (20), and the outlet thereof is connected to the superheater (12) through the pipeline D (23); and a condenser (18) is provided on the pipeline D (23).

3. The biomass fuel supply system based on waste water explosion pretreatment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pipeline A (20), pipeline B (21), pipeline C (22) and branch pipeline (24) are all provided with a parallel spare pipeline, and the spare pipeline is controlled in linkage with the main pipeline through an electric switching valve.

4. The biomass fuel supply system based on waste water explosion pretreatment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The blasting machine (30) has an operating temperature of 180-320°C and an operating pressure of 5MPa, and utilizes boiler reheated steam to achieve biomass pulverization and drying.

5. The biomass fuel supply system based on waste water explosion pretreatment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The classifier (32) adopts a screening or airflow classification method to ensure that the particle size of the biomass fuel fed into the burner (14) meets the combustion requirements.

6. The biomass fuel supply system based on waste water explosion pretreatment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The branch pipeline (24) is further divided into a branch pipe connected to a dryer (31) for extracting low-temperature steam to dry the exploded biomass.

7. A biomass fuel supply system based on waste water explosion pretreatment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes a control system for real-time monitoring of temperature, pressure, flow rate and fuel moisture content, and automatically adjusting steam distribution, explosion parameters and fuel delivery rate to optimize combustion efficiency.

8. The biomass fuel supply system based on waste water explosion pretreatment according to claim 7, characterized in that: An auxiliary system is also provided, comprising a denitrification device (4), an air heater (5), a dust removal device (6), a heat exchanger (7) and a desulfurization device (8) which are connected through an air duct and sequentially arranged at the flue outlet of a coal boiler (10).

9. The biomass fuel supply system based on waste water explosion pretreatment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outlet of the air heater (5) is connected to the denitrification device (4) and the burner (14) respectively through an air duct, and is used to simultaneously provide preheated combustion air and adjust the temperature of the denitrification flue gas.

10. The biomass fuel supply system based on waste water explosion pretreatment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The inlet of one end of the air heater (5) is connected to a fan A (90) through an air duct, the air duct between the dust removal device (6) and the heat exchanger (7) is connected to a fan B (91), and the outlet of the desulfurization device is connected to a fan C (92) through an air duct.

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