Phase change heat storage water tank and heat supply system and method applying phase change heat storage water tank
By introducing phase change materials into the phase change hot water storage tank, the problem of increasing hot water supply costs when the heat demand increases sharply is solved, and the stability of hot water supply and energy savings are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510798613.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-08
AI Technical Summary
When the demand for heat usage increases sharply, existing heat storage water tanks cannot meet the supply demand, resulting in a significant increase in the cost of hot water supply and concentrated energy consumption during heating.
A phase change heat storage water tank is designed, which includes a phase change zone and a heating zone. The phase change material is used to release heat when heat is used to heat and replenish water to reduce energy consumption during the heating process.
Heat is stored by phase change materials to ensure the stability of hot water supply, reduce concentrated energy consumption during the sudden increase in heat demand, and save heating costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN120444666A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of heating, and in particular to a phase-change water storage tank, and a heating system and method using the phase-change water storage tank. Background Art
[0002] In many industrial production fields, the operation of production equipment often requires a large amount of heat. A common hot water supply method is to store hot water in a water storage tank and then transport the hot water to the various production equipment that need it when the demand is there.
[0003] However, in actual production, equipment often experiences significant heat demand during certain periods. When the water in the hot water storage tank is insufficient to meet this demand, the system must replenish the system with room-temperature water. This requires significant energy or fuel to raise the temperature of the replenished water to the required supply temperature. Furthermore, this concentrated heating process consumes significant energy, significantly increasing the cost of hot water supply. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problem in the prior art that the cost of hot water supply increases significantly when the heat demand increases sharply, and to provide a phase change heat storage tank. The phase change heat storage tank can store heat in the phase change element in the phase change zone and release the heat to heat the replenished water when the heat demand increases sharply, thereby reducing energy consumption during the heating process and saving costs.
[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a phase change water storage tank, comprising a tank body, wherein the tank body has a phase change zone and a heating zone inside, an insulating partition is fixedly provided in the tank body for separating the phase change zone and the heating zone, and a water outlet and a water inlet are opened on the tank body, the water outlet is connected to the heating zone, and the water in the phase change zone flows to the heating zone in an overflowing manner.
[0006] In some embodiments, the phase change zone is provided with several phase change layers distributed along the vertical direction, the phase change layer is provided with several phase change parts, the phase change parts include a heat-conducting container and a phase change material provided in the heat-conducting container, and a fixed net for separating the phase change layers is fixed in the phase change zone.
[0007] In some embodiments, the horizontal cross-sectional area relationship between the heating zone and the phase change zone is:
[0008] in: S is the cross-sectional area of the heating zone; The minimum cross-sectional area of the phase change zone is required to meet the requirement of maximum power heat release after a single layer of the phase change elements is distributed; H is the effective water level of the phase change water storage tank; V is the maximum effective volume of the phase change water storage tank under the effective water level; ρ is the density of water; c is the specific heat capacity of water; T1 is the design heat storage temperature of the phase change water storage tank; T2 is the heat demand temperature; T is the initial temperature of the make-up water; n is the number of phase change elements; Q is the heat content of a single phase change element at the designed heat storage temperature of the phase change water storage tank; λ is the redundancy coefficient.
[0009] In some embodiments, the heat release power configuration of the phase change element satisfies:
[0010] in: W 和 is the sum of the heat release powers of all the phase change elements in the phase change zone; t is the time required for the replenishment water to enter the phase change zone and overflow; It is the heat required to heat the water in the phase change zone to the designed heat storage temperature within the time t.
[0011] A second aspect of the present invention provides a heating system using the phase-change water storage tank described above, the heating system comprising: A heat pump station, wherein the water inlet of the heat pump station is connected to the water outlet of the box; a supply pipeline, one end of which is connected to the water outlet of the heat pump station and the other end of which is used to supply hot water to the production equipment; a heat storage pipeline, one end of which is connected to the water outlet of the heat supply pump station, and the other end of which is connected to the water inlet of the box; a first supplementary pipeline, the first supplementary pipeline being in communication with the water inlet of the box; a heat pump unit, wherein the heat pump is configured to heat the water in the heat storage pipeline; A liquid level gauge, the liquid level gauge is used to monitor the liquid level in the heating area; A first thermometer is used to monitor the water temperature of the heating area.
[0012] In some embodiments, the heating system also includes a second supplementary pipeline, a merging valve and a second thermometer. The merging valve and the second thermometer are both arranged on the supply pipeline and the second thermometer is located downstream of the merging valve. The merging valve is used to merge the water in the supply pipeline and the second supplementary pipeline, and the second thermometer is used to monitor the water temperature downstream of the merging valve.
[0013] In some embodiments, the heating system further includes a return pipe, one end of which is connected to the water inlet, and the other end of which is connected to a side of the supply pipe away from the water outlet.
[0014] A third aspect of the present invention provides a heating method using the above-mentioned heating system, the heating method comprising the following steps: Determine whether the current period is in the heating period; During the heating period, it is determined whether the water temperature in the heating area is lower than the designed heat storage temperature. If the water temperature in the heating area is lower than the designed heat storage temperature, a heating supplement step is performed; otherwise, a heating step is performed. When the heating period is not in progress, determining whether the water level in the heating zone is lower than the effective water level; if so, replenishing normal temperature water into the phase change zone through the first replenishing pipeline until the water level in the heating zone is no lower than the effective water level; otherwise, determining whether the current period is in a low electricity price period; if so, performing a heat storage step; otherwise, performing a standby step; in: The heat replenishment step includes starting the heat pump station and the heat pump unit, the heat pump station supplies water to the supply pipeline and the heat storage pipeline at the same time, and the first replenishment pipeline replenishes normal temperature water into the box; The heating step includes starting a heat pump station, the heat pump station only supplies water to the supply pipeline, and the first replenishing pipeline replenishes normal temperature water into the box; The heat storage step includes starting the heat pump station and the heat pump unit, and the heat pump station only supplies water to the heat storage pipeline; The standby step includes determining whether the water temperature in the heating area is lower than the designed heat storage temperature. If the water temperature in the heating area is lower than the designed heat storage temperature, the heating pump station and the heat pump unit are turned on. The heating pump station only supplies water to the heat storage pipeline until the water temperature in the heating area is no lower than the designed heat storage temperature. Otherwise, the heating pump station and the heat pump unit are kept closed.
[0015] In some embodiments, when the heating system is equipped with a second supplementary pipeline, a combining valve, and a second thermometer, the heating method further includes the following steps: If there is a demand for heat and the water temperature in the heating area is higher than the heat demand temperature of the heat-consuming equipment, normal temperature water is added to the supply pipeline through the second supplementary pipeline and the combining valve, and the water temperature monitored by the second thermometer is maintained equal to the heat demand temperature of the heat-consuming equipment.
[0016] In some embodiments, when a return line is provided in the heating system, the heating method further comprises the following steps: A preheating period is set before the heating period to determine whether the current period is in the preheating period. If the current period is in the preheating period, the heating pump station is turned on to allow hot water to flow along the flow path of the tank, supply pipe, return pipe, and tank. Otherwise, it is determined whether the current period is in the heating period.
[0017] A phase-change water storage tank using the above technical solution of the present invention has the following effects: Hot water is stored in the heating area of the box. When the heat demand increases suddenly, the hot water in the heating area is discharged through the water outlet for use, and normal temperature water enters the phase change area through the water inlet. The normal temperature water is heated by the heat stored in the phase change element in the phase change area. The heated water overflows from the top of the insulation partition to the heating area in the form of overflow, ensuring the stability of the hot water supply. The normal temperature water is heated by the heat stored in the phase change material, reducing the concentrated energy consumption during the sudden increase in heat demand and saving heating costs.
[0018] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a phase-change water storage tank according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of liquid level change during heating in a phase-change water storage tank under a first setting according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of liquid level change during heating process under the second setting condition of the effective water level in a phase-change water storage tank according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a phase change element according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after a single layer of spherical phase change elements are flatly distributed in the phase change region; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a single layer of spherical phase change elements are flatly distributed in the phase change region and there is spacing between the phase change elements; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in which single-layer rectangular phase change elements are flatly distributed in the phase change region and there is spacing between the phase change elements; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a heating system according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of hot water flow at the end of a supply pipeline of a heating system in a heating step according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of hot water flow at the end of a supply pipeline in a preheating step of a heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 It is a logic block diagram of a heating method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0020] Description of Reference Numerals 100. Box; 101. Phase change zone; 102. Heating zone; 103. Insulating partition; 104. Water outlet; 105. Water inlet; 106. Phase change layer; 107. Phase change element; 108. Heat transfer container; 109. Phase change material; 110. Fixed network; 2. Heating pump station; 3. Supply pipeline; 4. Heat storage pipeline; 5. First supplementary pipeline; 6. Heat pump unit; 7. Liquid level gauge; 8. First thermometer; 9. Second supplementary pipeline; 10. Combining valve; 11. Second thermometer; 12. Return pipeline; 13. First on-off valve; 14. Second on-off valve; 15. Control valve; H. Effective water level. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The following is a detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0022] In the first aspect of the present invention, a phase change heat storage tank is provided. Figure 1 As shown, the phase change water storage tank includes a box body 100, which has a phase change zone 101 and a heating zone 102 inside the box body 100. The box body 100 needs to have good thermal insulation performance to reduce the loss of heat inside the box body 100 and ensure thermal storage performance. The inner liner and the outer shell of the box body 100 are made of stainless steel, and the space between the inner liner and the outer shell is filled with polyurethane, aerogel felt, glass wool and other materials to ensure thermal insulation performance. An insulating partition 103 is fixedly provided in the box body 100 to separate the phase change zone 101 and the heating zone 102. The insulating partition 103 is a double-layer stainless steel plate, filled with an air interlayer inside, and a polyurethane insulation layer is made on the surface. It has good thermal insulation performance to reduce the heat conduction effect between the phase change zone 101 and the heating zone 102. A water outlet 104 and a water inlet 105 are provided on the box body 100. The water outlet 104 is connected to the heating area 102, and the water inlet 105 is connected to the phase change area 101. The water in the phase change area 101 flows to the heating area 102 in an overflowing manner. Therefore, a gap needs to be reserved between the top of the insulating partition 103 and the top wall of the box body 100 so that the water in the phase change area 101 can overflow to the heating area 102.
[0023] During the process of supplying hot water from the phase-change water storage tank, the hot water in the heating zone 102 is discharged through the water outlet 104 and can be used to clean equipment such as the glue cylinder. When the demand for heat increases suddenly, the hot water stored in the heating zone 102 cannot meet the demand for heat. At this time, normal-temperature water enters the phase-change zone 101 through the water inlet 105. The normal-temperature water is heated by the heat stored in the phase-change zone 101. The heated water overflows from the top of the insulation partition 103 to the heating zone 102, and is finally supplied to the heat-using equipment through the water outlet 104. This design avoids the concentrated consumption of large amounts of electricity or fuel energy to heat the normal-temperature water when the demand for heat increases suddenly. The heat stored in the phase-change zone 101 can be replenished during non-heating periods, reducing the concentrated energy consumption during the normal-temperature water heating process and saving costs.
[0024] It should be noted that the water volume in the heating area 102 is obtained by overflowing the phase change area 101. Therefore, when hot water is stored in the heating area 102, the water level in the phase change area 101 must be at least flush with the top of the insulating baffle 103. Generally, a hot water storage tank has a set effective water level H, which refers to the minimum water level that the hot water storage tank can meet the hot water supply. Therefore, under normal conditions, the water level in the hot water storage tank does not fall below the effective water level H. There are two scenarios for setting the effective water level H in the phase change hot water storage tank.
[0025] The first case: combined with the Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, the effective water level H in the phase-change water storage tank is higher than the height of the insulating baffle 103. That is, when the water level in the phase-change water storage tank is at the effective water level H, the water levels in the phase-change zone 101 and the heating zone 102 are aligned and both are above the height of the insulating baffle 103. In this case, if there is a demand for heat and if normal temperature water replenishment is not considered, the water levels in the heating zone 102 and the phase-change zone 101 will drop synchronously until they are aligned with the insulating baffle 103. The water level in the heating zone 102 will continue to drop and fall below the height of the insulating baffle 103, while the water level in the phase-change zone 101 will remain aligned with the height of the insulating baffle 103.
[0026] The second case: combined with the Figure 1 and attached Figure 3 As shown, the effective water level H in the phase-change water storage tank is lower than or equal to the height of the insulating baffle 103. Specifically, when the water level in the phase-change water storage tank reaches the effective water level H, the water level in the phase-change zone 101 is flush with the height of the insulating baffle 103, while the water level in the heating zone 102 is lower than the height of the insulating baffle 103. In this case, if there is a demand for heat and if normal temperature water replenishment is not considered, the water level in the phase-change zone 101 remains flush with the height of the insulating baffle 103, while the hot water level decreases.
[0027] For the setting of the effective water level H of the phase-change water storage tank, one of the above situations can be selected according to actual application requirements.
[0028] In some preferred embodiments, Figure 1 and attached Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of phase change layers 106 are provided in the phase change region 101 and are arranged in the phase change layers 106. The phase change elements 107 are provided in the phase change layers 106. The phase change elements 107 include a heat-conducting container 108 and a phase change material 109 provided in the heat-conducting container 108. A fixed mesh 110 is fixed in the phase change region 101 to separate the phase change layers 106.
[0029] Phase change material 109 can be paraffin wax, which has a lower density than water. Paraffin wax changes from liquid to solid when releasing heat, and from solid to liquid when storing heat. Phase change material 109 is filled into heat-conducting container 108, which is spherical and made of a material with excellent thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance. This prevents phase change material 109 from leaking from container 108 and ultimately flowing with the hot water to the heat-consuming equipment.
[0030] The shape and material of the thermal container 108 and the phase change material 109 can be adjusted according to actual application. Specifically, the phase change material 109 can also be polyoxymethylene, sodium acetate trihydrate, or calcium chloride hexahydrate. The thermal container 108 can be made of a ceramic material with a thickness of 5-15 mm, a metal material with a thickness of 1-3 mm, or a composite material with a thickness of 2-5 mm. The shape of the thermal container 108 can be spherical or rectangular.
[0031] Furthermore, the phase change material 109 undergoes a phase change during the heat release and storage processes, and its volume also changes accordingly. After the phase change material 109 is filled into the thermal container 108, a certain amount of space must be left inside the thermal container 108 to prevent excessive pressure inside the thermal container 108 and leakage caused by the increase in the volume of the phase change material 109. The phase change layer 106 is arranged in several layers along the vertical direction, ensuring that the ambient temperature water fully contacts the phase change elements 107 in the phase change layer 106 during its entry into the phase change zone 101 and until it overflows, ensuring the heating effect on the ambient temperature water.
[0032] The fixed network 110 is used to layer the phase change layer 106 and to regularly stack the phase change elements 107 in the phase change layer 106. If the phase change elements 107 are randomly stacked in the phase change region 101, the heat release efficiency of the phase change elements 107 will be reduced.
[0033] In some preferred embodiments, the horizontal cross-sectional area relationship between the heating zone 102 and the phase change zone 101 is:
[0034] in: S is the cross-sectional area of the heating zone 102; To meet the minimum cross-sectional area of the phase change region 101 under the condition of maximum power heat release after the single-layer phase change element 107 is flatly distributed; H is the effective water level of the phase change water storage tank; V is the maximum effective volume of the phase change water storage tank under the effective water level H; ρ is the density of water; c is the specific heat capacity of water; T1 is the design heat storage temperature of the phase change water storage tank; T2 is the heat demand temperature; T is the initial temperature of the make-up water; n is the number of phase change elements 107; Q is the heat contained in a single phase change element 107 at the design heat storage temperature of the phase change water storage tank; λ is the redundancy coefficient.
[0035] Specifically, as attached Figure 5 As shown in FIG, the minimum cross-section of the phase change region 101 after the single-layer phase change elements 107 are flatly distributed refers to the cross-sectional area of the phase change region 101 when all the phase change elements 107 in the single-layer phase change layer 106 are flatly distributed and there is no spacing between adjacent phase change elements 107. Figure 6 and attached Figure 7 As shown, in order to achieve the maximum heat release power of the phase change material 109 , a certain distance must be maintained between adjacent phase change elements 107 . The distance value is related to the phase change material 109 and needs to be determined experimentally based on different phase change materials 109 .
[0036] In some preferred embodiments, the heat release power configuration of the phase change element 107 satisfies:
[0037] in: W 和 is the sum of the heat release powers of all phase change elements 107 in the phase change region 101; t is the time required for the replenishing water to enter the phase change zone 101 and overflow; The heat required to heat the water in the phase change zone 101 to the designed heat storage temperature within the time t.
[0038] This design ensures that during the process from when normal temperature water is replenished into the phase change zone 101 to when it overflows into the heating zone 102 , the temperature of the normal temperature water can rise to the designed heat storage temperature to meet the heating requirements.
[0039] The second aspect of the present invention provides a heating system, which uses the phase change water storage tank of any of the above embodiments. Figure 8As shown, the heating system includes a heat pump station 2, a supply pipeline 3, a heat storage pipeline 4, a first supplementary pipeline 5, a heat pump unit 6, a liquid level gauge 7, and a first thermometer 8. The water inlet of the heat pump station 2 is connected to the water outlet 104 of the tank 100. The heat pump station 2 uses a variable frequency water pump, capable of supplying hot water at different flow rates and pressures. The heating system can also be equipped with a redundant water pump (not shown) to handle the event that the heat pump station 2 fails. The redundant water pump serves as a backup for the heat pump station 2. One end of the supply pipeline 3 is connected to the water outlet of the heat pump station 2, and the other end is used to supply hot water to the production equipment. One end of the heat storage pipeline 4 is connected to the water outlet of the heat pump station 2, and the other end is connected to the water inlet 105 of the tank 100. The first supplementary pipeline 5 is connected to the water inlet 105 of the tank 100. Heat pump unit 6 is configured to heat the water in heat storage pipe 4. Heat pump unit 6 utilizes a water-source heat pump, which can fully recycle waste heat from the production environment. Liquid level gauge 7 is used to monitor the liquid level in heating zone 102. First thermometer 8 is used to monitor the water temperature in heating zone 102.
[0040] When there is a demand for heat, heat pump station 2 operates and supplies hot water from heating zone 102 to heat production equipment via supply pipeline 3. When the water temperature in heating zone 102 falls below the designed heat storage temperature, indicating that the phase change zone 101's heating effect on ambient temperature water is insufficient to meet the heat demand, heat pump unit 6 operates, with heat pump station 2 supplying hot water to both supply pipeline 3 and heat storage pipeline 4. Some of the hot water is still used to meet the heat demand to ensure production, while the remaining hot water is heated in heat storage pipeline 4 by heat pump unit 6 to reach the designed heat storage temperature and then flows back into the housing 100 through water inlet 105.
[0041] When there is no heat demand, the heat pump station 2 and the heat pump unit 6 are started, so that the water is heated by the heat pump unit 6 and flows into the phase change zone 101 from the water inlet 105. The phase change material 109 stores heat to prepare for heating the room temperature water when there is a need for heat next time.
[0042] In some preferred embodiments, the heating system further includes a second supplementary pipeline 9, a merging valve 10, and a second thermometer 11. The merging valve 10 and the second thermometer 11 are both provided on the supply pipeline 3, with the second thermometer 11 located downstream of the merging valve 10. The merging valve 10 is used to merge the water in the supply pipeline 3 and the second supplementary pipeline 9, and the second thermometer 11 is used to monitor the water temperature downstream of the merging valve 10. Specifically, the designed heat storage temperature of the phase-change water storage tank is generally higher than the required heat temperature. The normal temperature water from the second supplementary pipeline 9 entering the merging valve 10 is merged and mixed with the hot water flowing in the supply pipeline 3. This not only reduces the temperature of the hot water supplied in the phase-change water storage tank to the required heat temperature, but also allows water to be replenished in the heating system, thereby reducing the hot water consumption in the phase-change water storage tank.
[0043] In this embodiment, the converging valve 10 is a converging three-way regulating valve having two input ports and one output port. One input port is used to receive hot water supplied by the heat pump station 2, and the other input port is used to receive normal temperature water supplied by the second replenishment pipeline 9. The output port is directed toward the water outlet of the supply pipeline 3.
[0044] In some preferred embodiments, the heating system further includes a return line 12, one end of which is connected to the water inlet 105 and the other end of which is connected to the side of the supply line 3 away from the water outlet 104. When there is no heat demand, the heat pump station 2 starts and causes hot water to flow along the flow path of the tank 100, the supply line 3, the return line 12, and the tank 100, so that the hot water circulates. This avoids the need for the heating system to first drain a large amount of room-temperature water from the pipeline when heat demand arises, and then supply hot water to the heat-consuming equipment to meet the heat demand, thereby reducing water resource waste and ensuring a fast heat response time.
[0045] Specifically, in conjunction with Figure 9 and attached Figure 10 A control valve 15 can be installed at the end of the supply line 3 to control the direction of hot water flow in the supply line 3. When there is no heat demand, the control valve 15 controls the hot water to flow from the supply line 3 to the return line 12. When there is heat demand, the control valve 15 controls the hot water to flow out of the supply line 3 and supply hot water to the heat-consuming equipment.
[0046] In addition, combined with the Figure 8 As shown, each pipeline in the heating system can be equipped with an on-off valve, and the opening and closing of the on-off valve controls the opening and closing of the corresponding pipeline. For example, a first on-off valve 13 is provided on the first supplementary pipeline 5 to control the opening and closing of the first supplementary pipeline 5. When the first supplementary pipeline 5 needs to replenish the tank 100 with room temperature water, the first on-off valve 13 needs to be opened. For another example, a second on-off valve 14 is provided on the thermal storage pipeline 4 to control the opening and closing of the thermal storage pipeline 4. When the heat pump unit 6 needs to provide heating, the second on-off valve 14 needs to be opened.
[0047] The third aspect of the present invention provides a heating method, which is applied to the heating system of any of the above embodiments. Figure 11 As shown, the heating method includes the following steps: Determine whether the current period is in the heating period; During the heating period, it is determined whether the water temperature in the heating area 102 is lower than the designed heat storage temperature. If the water temperature in the heating area 102 is lower than the designed heat storage temperature, a supplementary heating step is performed; otherwise, a heating step is performed. When it is not in the heating period, determine whether the water level of the heating area 102 is lower than the effective water level H. If the water level of the heating area 102 is lower than the effective water level H, normal temperature water is added to the phase change area 101 through the first supplementary pipeline 5 until the water level of the heating area 102 is not lower than the effective water level H. Otherwise, determine whether the current period is in the off-peak electricity price period. If the current period is in the off-peak electricity price period, perform the heat storage step, otherwise perform the standby step.
[0048] in: The heat replenishment step includes starting the heat pump station 2 and the heat pump unit 6, the heat pump station 2 supplies water to the supply pipeline 3 and the heat storage pipeline 4 at the same time, and the first replenishment pipeline 5 replenishes normal temperature water into the box 100; The heating step includes starting the heat pump station 2, which only supplies water to the supply pipeline 3, and the first replenishing pipeline 5 replenishes normal temperature water into the box 100; The heat storage step includes starting the heat pump station 2 and the heat pump unit 6, with the heat pump station 2 supplying water only to the heat storage pipeline 4; The standby step includes determining whether the water temperature in the heating area 102 is lower than the designed heat storage temperature. If the water temperature in the heating area 102 is lower than the designed heat storage temperature, the heating pump station 2 and the heat pump unit 6 are turned on, and the heating pump station 2 only supplies water to the heat storage pipeline 4 until the water temperature in the heating area 102 is no lower than the designed heat storage temperature. Otherwise, the heating pump station 2 and the heat pump unit 6 are kept closed.
[0049] In actual production, heat usage periods are generally fixed and can be pre-set. Specifically, heat demand is determined by checking whether the factory is within a pre-set heat usage period. If the current period falls within the heat usage period, heat demand is determined; otherwise, heat demand is determined to be absent. For example, in cigarette factories, heat usage is typically between 2:30 p.m. and 11:00 p.m., and typically lasts for half an hour. Therefore, the heat usage period can be set between 2:30 p.m. and 3:00 p.m., and between 11:00 p.m. and 11:30 p.m.
[0050] It should be noted that the heat storage step is performed under the following three conditions: the heating period is not in use, the water level in the heating zone 102 is not lower than the effective water level H, and the current period is in a low electricity price period. Under these conditions, the heat pump station 2 and the heat pump unit 6 are in operation, and the heat pump station 2 only supplies water to the heat storage pipe 4, so that the hot water circulates along the flow path of the tank 100, the heat storage pipe 4, and the tank 100. During this circulation process, the water temperature continues to rise. On the one hand, it can heat the phase change element 107 in the phase change zone 101 to store energy. On the other hand, it can make full use of the low electricity price period to heat the water temperature through the heat pump unit 6, so that the water temperature is higher than the designed heat storage temperature to provide a better heating effect.
[0051] The standby step is performed under the following conditions: the heat supply zone 102 is not in use, the water level in the heat supply zone 102 is not lower than the effective water level H, and the current period is not a low-peak electricity price period. Under these conditions, the standby step only needs to maintain the water temperature in the heat supply zone 102 at the designed heat storage temperature, thus avoiding the heat pump unit 6 from running for a long time and consuming a large amount of electricity, which would increase the investment cost.
[0052] In some preferred embodiments, when the heating system is equipped with a second supplementary pipeline 9, a combining valve 10, and a second thermometer 11, the heating method further includes the following steps: If there is a demand for heat and the water temperature in the heating area 102 is higher than the heat demand temperature of the heat-consuming equipment, normal temperature water is replenished into the supply pipeline 3 through the second replenishment pipeline 9 and the combining valve 10, and the water temperature monitored by the second thermometer 11 is maintained equal to the heat demand temperature of the heat-consuming equipment.
[0053] The designed heat storage temperature of the phase-change water storage tank is generally higher than the required heat temperature. Normal-temperature water is replenished through the second replenishment line 9 and mixed with the hot water in the supply line 3. This ensures that the hot water ultimately supplied to the heat-consuming equipment from the supply line 3 meets the required heat temperature while reducing hot water consumption in the heating area 102. Specifically, the normal-temperature water replenished through the second replenishment line 9 is mixed with the water in the supply line 3. The hot water supplied is sourced from both the hot water in the heating area 102 and the normal-temperature water in the second replenishment line 9. In this case, the hot water consumption in the heating area 102 is lower than if the hot water were supplied entirely from the heating area 102.
[0054] In some preferred embodiments, when a return line 12 is provided in the heating system, the heating method further comprises the following steps: A preheating period is set before the heating period to determine whether the current period is in the preheating period. If the current period is in the preheating period, the heating pump station 2 is turned on to allow hot water to flow along the flow path of the tank 100, the supply pipe 3, the return pipe 12, and the tank 100. Otherwise, it is determined whether the current period is in the heating period.
[0055] Specifically, the preheating period is generally set to 30 minutes. Since the heat usage period in actual production processes is relatively fixed, the preheating period is also fixed accordingly. Specifically, the heat usage period is from 2:30 to 3:00 p.m. and from 11:00 to 11:30 p.m., while the preheating period is from 2:00 to 2:30 p.m. and from 10:30 to 11:00 p.m. During the preheating period, the heat pump station 2 is turned on and hot water flows along the flow path of the tank 100, the supply line 3, the return line 12, and the tank 100. When the period reaches the heat usage period, the temperature of the hot water flowing in the supply line 3 meets the designed heat storage temperature and the heat demand temperature. At this time, the hot water can be directly discharged from the end of the supply line 3 to supply the heat-consuming equipment. If preheating is not performed, when the period reaches the heat usage period, a large amount of room-temperature water will remain in the supply line 3. If hot water is supplied directly to the heat-consuming equipment through the supply line 3, the water initially received by the heat-consuming equipment will be room-temperature water, which will not meet the heat demand and will also result in water waste in the heating system.
[0056] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0057] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any appropriate manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.
[0058] In addition, the various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.
Claims
1. A phase change water storage tank, characterized in that: The invention comprises a box body (100), wherein the box body (100) has a phase change zone (101) and a heating zone (102) inside, and a heat-insulating partition (103) is fixedly provided in the box body (100) for separating the phase change zone (101) and the heating zone (102), and a water outlet (104) and a water inlet (105) are provided on the box body (100), wherein the water outlet (104) is communicated with the heating zone (102), and the water in the phase change zone (101) flows to the heating zone (102) in an overflowing manner.
2. The phase-change water storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change zone (101) is provided with a plurality of phase change layers (106) distributed in a vertical direction, the phase change layer (106) is provided with a plurality of phase change elements (107), the phase change elements (107) include a heat-conducting container (108) and a phase change material (109) provided in the heat-conducting container (108), and a fixed net (110) for separating the phase change layers (106) is fixedly provided in the phase change zone (101).
3. The phase-change water storage tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The relationship between the horizontal cross-sectional areas of the heating zone (102) and the phase change zone (101) is: in: S is the cross-sectional area of the heating zone (102); To meet the minimum cross-sectional area of the phase change zone (101) when the single layer of the phase change element (107) is flatly distributed and releases heat at maximum power; H is the effective water level of the phase change water storage tank; V is the maximum effective volume of the phase change water storage tank under the effective water level; ρ is the density of water; c is the specific heat capacity of water; T1 is the design heat storage temperature of the phase change water storage tank; T2 is the heat demand temperature; T is the initial temperature of the make-up water; n is the number of the phase change elements (107); Q is the heat contained in a single phase change element (107) at the designed heat storage temperature of the phase change water storage tank; λ is the redundancy coefficient.
4. The phase-change water storage tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat release power configuration of the phase change element (107) satisfies: in: W 和 is the sum of the heat release powers of all the phase change elements (107) in the phase change zone (101); t is the time required for the replenishing water to enter the phase change zone (101) and overflow; The heat required to heat the water in the phase change zone (101) to the designed heat storage temperature within the time t.
5. A heating system using the phase change water storage tank according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The heating system comprises: A heat supply pump station (2), wherein the water inlet of the heat supply pump station (2) is in communication with the water outlet (104) of the box (100); A supply pipeline (3), one end of which is connected to the water outlet of the heat pump station (2), and the other end of which is used to supply hot water to the production equipment; a heat storage pipeline (4), one end of the heat storage pipeline (4) being in communication with the water outlet of the heat supply pump station (2), and the other end of the heat storage pipeline (4) being in communication with the water inlet (105) of the box (100); a first supplementary pipeline (5), the first supplementary pipeline (5) being in communication with the water inlet (105) of the box (100); a heat pump unit (6), the heat pump being configured to heat water in the heat storage pipeline (4); A liquid level meter (7), the liquid level meter (7) being used to monitor the liquid level of the heating zone (102); A first thermometer (8), the first thermometer (8) is used to monitor the water temperature of the heating area (102).
6. The heating system according to claim 5, characterized in that The heating system further comprises a second supplementary pipeline (9), a merging valve (10) and a second thermometer (11), wherein the merging valve (10) and the second thermometer (11) are both arranged on the supply pipeline (3), and the second thermometer (11) is located downstream of the merging valve (10), the merging valve (10) is used to merge the water in the supply pipeline (3) and the second supplementary pipeline (9), and the second thermometer (11) is used to monitor the water temperature downstream of the merging valve (10).
7. The heating system according to claim 5, characterized in that The heating system further comprises a return pipeline (12), one end of which is connected to the water inlet (105), and the other end of which is connected to a side of the supply pipeline (3) away from the water outlet (104).
8. A heating method using the heating system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The heat supply method comprises the following steps: Determine whether the current period is in the heating period; When in the heating period, determining whether the water temperature of the heating area (102) is lower than the designed heat storage temperature, if the water temperature of the heating area (102) is lower than the designed heat storage temperature, performing a heating step, otherwise performing a heating step; When the heating period is not in progress, it is determined whether the water level of the heating zone (102) is lower than the effective water level. If the water level of the heating zone (102) is lower than the effective water level, normal temperature water is added to the phase change zone (101) through the first supplementary pipeline (5) until the water level of the heating zone (102) is no lower than the effective water level. Otherwise, it is determined whether the current period is in a low electricity price period. If the current period is in a low electricity price period, a heat storage step is performed; otherwise, a standby step is performed. in: The heat replenishment step includes starting the heat supply pump station (2) and the heat pump unit (6), the heat supply pump station (2) supplies water to the supply pipeline (3) and the heat storage pipeline (4) at the same time, and the first replenishment pipeline (5) replenishes normal temperature water into the box (100); The heating step includes starting the heating pump station (2), the heating pump station (2) only supplies water to the supply pipeline (3), and the first supplementary pipeline (5) supplements normal temperature water into the box (100); The heat storage step includes starting the heat pump station (2) and the heat pump unit (6), wherein the heat pump station (2) only supplies water to the heat storage pipeline (4); The standby step includes determining whether the water temperature of the heating area (102) is lower than the designed heat storage temperature. If the water temperature of the heating area (102) is lower than the designed heat storage temperature, the heating pump station (2) and the heat pump unit (6) are turned on, and the heating pump station (2) only supplies water to the heat storage pipeline (4) until the water temperature of the heating area (102) is no lower than the designed heat storage temperature. Otherwise, the heating pump station (2) and the heat pump unit (6) are kept turned off.
9. The heating method according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the heating system is provided with a second supplementary pipeline (9), a merging valve (10) and a second thermometer (11), the heating method further comprises the following steps: If there is a demand for heat and the water temperature in the heating zone (102) is higher than the heat demand temperature of the heat-consuming equipment, normal temperature water is replenished into the supply pipeline (3) through the second replenishment pipeline (9) and the converging valve (10), and the water temperature monitored by the second thermometer (11) is maintained equal to the heat demand temperature of the heat-consuming equipment.
10. The heating method according to claim 8, characterized in that: When a return line (12) is provided in the heating system, the heating method further comprises the following steps: A preheating period is set before the heating period, and it is determined whether the current period is in the preheating period. If the current period is in the preheating period, the heating pump station (2) is turned on to allow hot water to flow along the flow path of the tank (100), the supply pipe (3), the return pipe (12), and the tank (100). Otherwise, it is determined whether the current period is in the heating period.