A bridge structure hidden damage identification method and device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and device for identifying hidden damage to a bridge structure, which belongs to the technical field of bridge structure detection. A device for identifying hidden damage to a bridge structure includes a liquid separator and a pipeline. The liquid separator includes a main box body and a plurality of partition plates fixedly installed in the main box body. The plurality of partition plates divide the inner cavity of the main box body into a plurality of liquid separation chambers. The top of each liquid separation chamber is provided with a water injection port, and the bottom of each liquid separation chamber is provided with a connecting pipe. A first pressure transmitter is fixed at the end of the connecting pipe. There are multiple pipelines and they are connected to each liquid separation chamber in a one-to-one correspondence. A honeycomb guide plate is provided in the liquid separation chamber, and a guide hole is provided on the honeycomb guide plate. The present invention can measure multiple positions of the bridge and reduce the amplitude of the liquid level fluctuation caused by the vibration of the bridge, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of the bridge flexibility measurement results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge structure detection, and in particular to a method and device for identifying hidden damage to a bridge structure. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of transportation infrastructure, bridges, as important transportation hubs, are becoming increasingly important for their safety and reliability. To promptly detect damage to bridge structures and prevent potential safety hazards, bridge damage identification and detection devices have emerged. Currently, existing bridge damage identification and detection devices on the market meet the demand for bridge structure inspection to a certain extent.

[0003] A prior art Chinese patent application numbered CN201034799Y discloses a connected bridge dynamic deflection tester comprising a liquid tank, a tank support, and a connecting tube. The key design feature is the connection of two connecting tubes to the bottom of the liquid tank, each with a pressure transmitter at its end. This instrument enables long-term, uninterrupted monitoring of changes in bridge dynamic deflection, with a measurement range sufficient to meet the measurement requirements of various bridge types. However, in actual use, the dynamic load of the bridge inside the liquid tank can easily cause the tank to sway when a vehicle passes over the bridge, resulting in significant fluctuations in the liquid level within the tank and reduced accuracy of the deflection measurement results. Furthermore, the instrument can only measure a single location, resulting in incomplete results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to propose a method and device for identifying hidden damage to a bridge structure.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for identifying hidden damage to a bridge structure includes a liquid separator and a pipeline. The liquid separator includes a main box body and several partition plates fixed in the main box body. The several partition plates divide the inner cavity of the main box body into several liquid separation chambers. The top of each liquid separation chamber is provided with a water inlet, and the bottom of each liquid separation chamber is provided with a connecting pipe. The first pressure transmitter is fixed at the end of the connecting pipe. There are multiple pipelines and they are connected one-to-one with each liquid separation chamber. A honeycomb guide plate is provided in the liquid separation chamber, and a guide hole is opened on the honeycomb guide plate.

[0007] Preferably, the main box is provided with a pressurizing interface at each liquid separation cavity, the connecting pipe and the pipeline are provided with an exhaust valve, and the pressurizing interface is connected to a pressure pump through a pressure-resistant hose.

[0008] Preferably, an elastic damping rod is fixedly provided on the top inner wall of the liquid separation chamber, and one end of the elastic damping rod away from the inner wall of the liquid separation chamber is connected to the honeycomb guide plate.

[0009] Preferably, the honeycomb guide plate includes a plurality of movable plates which are equidistantly distributed and slidably connected to the inner wall of the liquid separation chamber, a vertical partition provided between two adjacent movable plates, and a first elastic element.

[0010] Preferably, the vertical partition includes an upper partition and a lower partition hinged to each other, the end of the upper partition away from the lower partition is rotatably connected to a movable plate connected to the upper side of the vertical partition, and the end of the lower partition away from the upper partition is rotatably connected to the movable plate connected to the lower side of the vertical partition.

[0011] Preferably, a rotating rod is rotatably connected in the liquid separation chamber, and a number of guide plates are evenly arranged on the rotating rod in a circumferential manner. A one-way gear that rotates on the inner wall of the liquid separation chamber is fixed at the end of the rotating rod, and a rack plate that meshes with the one-way gear is fixed at the bottom of the movable plate on the uppermost side of the honeycomb guide plate.

[0012] Preferably, the one-way gear includes a fixed wheel fixedly connected to the rotating rod and a movable wheel rotatably connected to the outside of the fixed wheel and meshing with the rack plate. The fixed wheel is provided with a receiving groove, and a latching tooth is rotatably connected to the receiving groove through a pin shaft. The pin shaft is provided with a torsion spring for driving the latching tooth to reset. The inner side wall of the movable wheel is provided with a plurality of latching grooves that cooperate with the latching tooth.

[0013] Preferably, a mounting bracket is provided between the liquid dispenser and the bridge measuring point, the liquid dispenser is fixed on the top of the mounting bracket, the mounting bracket includes a base plate, an adjusting strut connected to the base plate, and a top plate arranged on the top of the adjusting strut, the liquid dispenser is fixed on the top of the top plate, and the first pressure transmitter is fixed on the top of the base plate.

[0014] Preferably, the cross-sectional structure of the liquid dispenser includes a protective layer, a heat-insulating material layer and a corrosion-resistant metal layer.

[0015] The present invention also discloses a method for identifying hidden damage to a bridge structure, which is performed by applying the aforementioned device for identifying hidden damage to a bridge structure, and includes the following steps:

[0016] S1: Determine the detection position:

[0017] Determine the measuring point: mark the measuring point at the cross-section of the bridge structure where the deflection is to be measured, i.e. the installation position of the dispenser;

[0018] Determine the benchmark point: select the benchmark point at a stable position on top of multiple pier supports;

[0019] Plan the pipeline direction: ensure that the distance difference between the pipeline and each measuring point is ≤10 meters, and avoid high temperature and vibration areas;

[0020] S2: Install the liquid dispenser at a measuring point in the middle of the bridge or near a pier, and install a first pressure transmitter at the measuring point. The information sensed by the first pressure transmitter is irrelevant to the deflection of the bridge and is only used to sense the value of the liquid level in the liquid dispenser changing with the ambient temperature.

[0021] S3: Lead a pipeline from the bottom of the liquid distributor and lay it along the longitudinal direction of the bridge to each benchmark area. Secure it to the bridge body with a clamp, and install a second pressure transmitter at the end of the pipeline. The relative position between the second pressure transmitter and the liquid distributor changes with the deflection of the bridge. It is used to test the change in the liquid level height of the liquid distributor under the combined effects of ambient temperature and vehicle load.

[0022] S4: When the bridge deflection is zero, the difference in voltage signals output by the two pressure transmitters is a fixed constant, i.e., V1-V2=C;

[0023] When the bridge deflection is not zero, that is, when flexural deformation occurs, the voltage value corresponding to the deflection change is: V = V1-V2-C;

[0024] By correcting the output data of the two pressure transmitters, the influence of ambient temperature changes on the test results is automatically eliminated.

[0025] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention provides a method and device for identifying hidden damage to bridge structures, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. This method and device for identifying hidden damage to bridge structures sets up multiple liquid separation chambers so that the liquid levels in each chamber do not affect each other. The second pressure transmitters at the ends of multiple pipes are placed at reference points at different locations on the bridge, increasing the diversity of detection data and thus improving the accuracy of the flexible detection measurement results of the bridge measurement point position.

[0027] 2. This method and device for identifying hidden damage to bridge structures can decompose large-volume liquid movement into micro-unit flow by setting a honeycomb guide plate in the liquid separation chamber, destroying the conditions for vortex formation and suppressing the amplitude of liquid shaking in the liquid separation chamber. The honeycomb guide plate elastically damps movement in the liquid separation chamber, absorbs high-frequency vibrations of the liquid, and maintains a stable liquid level, thereby further improving the accuracy of the detection results.

[0028] 3. This method and device for identifying hidden damage to bridge structures uses a honeycomb guide plate that is impacted by liquid in a liquid separation chamber and moves up and down to absorb vibrations. This causes the uppermost movable plate of the honeycomb guide plate to drive the rack plate to engage with the one-way gear for transmission. The one-way gear drives the rotating rod to rotate when the liquid moves upward, and the rotating rod drives the guide vane to rotate, causing the guide vane to generate a reverse vortex to offset the shaking force. The reverse vortex creates a horizontal counterforce, causing the water to shake toward the side wall of the liquid separation chamber, converting the vertical shaking of the liquid into a horizontal vortex, keeping the liquid level stable, and further improving the accuracy of the detection results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 2 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the liquid dispenser of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the honeycomb guide plate of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the vertical partition of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the one-way gear of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the liquid dispenser of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1, liquid distributor; 101, main box; 102, partition plate; 103, liquid separation chamber; 1031, water inlet; 1032, connecting pipe; 1033, pressurization interface; 1034, exhaust valve; 2, pipeline; 3, first pressure transmitter; 4, second pressure transmitter; 5, honeycomb guide plate; 501, movable plate; 502, vertical partition; 5021, upper partition; 5022, lower Partition; 503, first elastic element; 504, rack plate; 6, elastic damping rod; 7, rotating rod; 701, guide vane; 8, one-way gear; 801, fixed wheel; 8011, latching tooth; 802, movable wheel; 8021, latching slot; 9, mounting frame; 901, bottom plate; 902, adjusting support rod; 903, top plate; 10, protective layer; 11, thermal insulation material layer; 12, corrosion-resistant metal layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "mounted / connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a communication between the internal parts of two components; for ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment proposes a bridge structure hidden damage identification device, including a liquid separator 1 and a pipeline 2, the liquid separator 1 includes a main box 101 and a plurality of partition plates 102 fixedly arranged in the main box 101, the plurality of partition plates 102 divide the inner cavity of the main box 101 into a plurality of liquid separation chambers 103, the top of each liquid separation chamber 103 is provided with a water injection port 1031, the bottom of each liquid separation chamber 103 is provided with a connecting pipe 1032, the first pressure transmitter 3 is fixedly arranged at the end of the connecting pipe 1032, the pipeline 2 is provided with a plurality of and is connected to each liquid separation chamber 103 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the liquid separation chamber 103 is provided with a honeycomb guide Flow plate 5, the honeycomb guide plate 5 is provided with a guide hole; water is poured into each liquid separation cavity 103 through the water injection port 1031, and the partition plate 102 divides the inner cavity of the main box 101 into multiple liquid separation cavities 103. The liquid levels in each liquid separation cavity 103 do not affect each other. Since the liquid separation cavity 103 is connected with the connecting pipe 1032 and the pipeline 2, the water in the liquid separation cavity 103 flows to the connecting pipe 1032 and the pipeline 2. By placing the second pressure transmitters 4 at the ends of multiple pipelines 2 at reference points at different positions of the bridge, the diversity of the detection data can be increased, thereby improving the accuracy of the flexible detection measurement results of the bridge measuring point position.

[0041] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, as a preferred embodiment, on the basis of the above method, further, the main box body 101 is provided with a pressurizing interface 1033 at each liquid separation chamber 103, and the connecting pipe 1032 and the pipeline 2 are provided with an exhaust valve 1034, and the pressurizing interface 1033 is connected to a pressure pump through a pressure-resistant hose; the staff connects the pressure pump to the pressurizing interface 1033 of the liquid separation chamber 103 through the pressure-resistant hose. The pressure pump is a prior art and will not be elaborated here. Before the detection work is carried out, the pressure is applied to 0.1MPa from the top of the liquid separation chamber 103, and the exhaust valve 1034 of each tube body is opened in turn to discharge residual bubbles. After seeing the continuous water flow out, the exhaust valve 1034 is closed to avoid excessive bubbles in the tube body and the liquid separation chamber 103, which affects the subsequent liquid level changes in the liquid separation chamber 103.

[0042] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, as a preferred embodiment, on the basis of the above-mentioned manner, further, an elastic damping rod 6 is fixedly provided on the top inner wall of the liquid separation chamber 103, and one end of the elastic damping rod 6 away from the inner wall of the liquid separation chamber 103 is connected to the honeycomb guide plate 5;

[0043] Furthermore, the honeycomb guide plate 5 includes a plurality of equally spaced movable plates 501 slidably connected to the inner wall of the liquid separation chamber 103 , a vertical partition 502 disposed between two adjacent movable plates 501 , and a first elastic element 503 ;

[0044] Furthermore, the vertical partition 502 includes an upper partition 5021 and a lower partition 5022 that are hinged to each other. The end of the upper partition 5021 away from the lower partition 5022 is rotatably connected to the movable plate 501 connected to the upper side of the vertical partition 502, and the end of the lower partition 5022 away from the upper partition 5021 is rotatably connected to the movable plate 501 connected to the lower side of the vertical partition 502.

[0045] Specifically, by arranging a honeycomb guide plate 5 in the liquid separation chamber 103, the large-volume liquid movement can be decomposed into micro-unit flow, the vortex formation conditions are destroyed, and the liquid shaking amplitude in the liquid separation chamber 103 is suppressed. As the water body shakes in the liquid separation chamber 103, the elastic damping rod 6 and the first elastic element 503 are free to expand and contract, and the honeycomb guide plate 5 performs elastic damping movement in the liquid separation chamber 103, absorbing the high-frequency vibration of the liquid and keeping the liquid level stable, thereby further improving the accuracy of the detection results. The vertical partition 502 between the upper and lower adjacent movable plates 501 can dynamically separate the water flow space in the liquid separation chamber 103, and automatically adjust the hinge angle when the two adjacent movable plates 501 move relative to each other, further suppressing the inertial impact of the water body. The divided space reduces the water flow velocity, promotes the transformation of turbulent flow to laminar flow, and reduces kinetic energy transfer.

[0046] like Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, as a preferred embodiment, on the basis of the above method, further, a rotating rod 7 is rotatably connected in the liquid separation chamber 103, and a number of guide plates 701 are evenly arranged on the rotating rod 7 in a circular shape. A one-way gear 8 that rotates on the inner wall of the liquid separation chamber 103 is fixed at the end of the rotating rod 7, and a rack plate 504 that meshes with the one-way gear 8 is fixed at the bottom of the movable plate 501 on the uppermost side of the honeycomb guide plate 5.

[0047] Furthermore, the one-way gear 8 includes a fixed wheel 801 fixedly connected to the rotating rod 7 and a movable wheel 802 rotatably connected to the outside of the fixed wheel 801 and meshing with the rack plate 504. The fixed wheel 801 is provided with a receiving groove, in which a latching tooth 8011 is rotatably connected via a pin. The pin is provided with a torsion spring for driving the latching tooth 8011 to reset. The inner side wall of the movable wheel 802 is provided with a plurality of latching grooves 8021 that cooperate with the latching tooth 8011.

[0048] Specifically, the setting of the one-way gear 8 can make the rotating rod 7 always rotate in one direction, and the honeycomb guide plate 5 is impacted by the liquid in the liquid separation chamber 103 and moves up and down due to vibration absorption, so that the uppermost movable plate 501 of the honeycomb guide plate 5 drives the rack plate 504 to engage and transmit with the one-way gear 8, so that when the liquid moves upward, the latching tooth 8011 of the one-way gear 8 is engaged in the latching groove 8021, and the movable wheel 802 drives the fixed wheel 801 to rotate, thereby rotating the rotating rod 7, and the rotating rod 7 drives the guide plate 701 to rotate, so that the guide plate 701 generates a reverse vortex to offset the shaking force, and the reverse vortex creates a horizontal counteracting force, so that the water body shakes toward the side wall of the liquid separation chamber 103, and the vertical shaking of the liquid is converted into a horizontal vortex, keeping the liquid level stable, thereby further improving the accuracy of the detection results.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, as a preferred embodiment, on the basis of the above method, a mounting bracket 9 is further provided between the liquid dispenser 1 and the bridge measuring point, and the liquid dispenser 1 is fixed on the top of the mounting bracket 9. The mounting bracket 9 includes a base plate 901, an adjusting strut 902 connected to the base plate 901, and a top plate 903 provided on the top of the adjusting strut 902. The liquid dispenser 1 is fixed on the top of the top plate 903, and the first pressure transmitter 3 is fixed on the top of the base plate 901. The setting of the mounting bracket 9 enables the liquid dispenser 1 to be stably placed at the bridge measuring point, and the adjusting strut provided between the top plate 903 and the base plate 901 can adjust the height according to demand, and the initial height of the liquid level in the liquid dispenser 1 is adjusted by adjusting the height change of the strut 902.

[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, as a preferred embodiment, on the basis of the above-mentioned method, further, the cross-sectional structure of the liquid separator 1 includes a protective layer 10, a heat-insulating material layer 11 and a corrosion-resistant metal layer 12; the protective layer 10 is arranged on the outside of the liquid separator 1 to protect the liquid separator 1, and the corrosion-resistant metal layer 12 can prevent the water stored inside from corroding it. A heat-insulating material layer 11 is arranged between the corrosion-resistant metal layer 12 and the protective layer 10, which can prevent the ambient temperature changes from affecting the liquid density and prevent the internal liquid from evaporating.

[0051] The present invention also discloses a method for identifying hidden damage to a bridge structure, which is performed by applying the aforementioned device for identifying hidden damage to a bridge structure, and includes the following steps:

[0052] S1: Determine the detection position:

[0053] Determine the measuring point: mark the measuring point at the cross-section of the bridge structure where the deflection is to be measured, i.e. the installation position of the dispenser 1;

[0054] Determine the benchmark point: select the benchmark point at a stable position on top of multiple pier supports;

[0055] Plan the route of pipeline 2: ensure that the distance difference between pipeline 2 and each measuring point from liquid distributor 1 is ≤ 10 meters, and avoid high temperature and vibration areas;

[0056] S2: Install the liquid dispenser 1 at a measuring point in the middle of the bridge or near a pier, and install a first pressure transmitter 3 at the measuring point. The information sensed by the first pressure transmitter 3 is irrelevant to the deflection of the bridge and is only used to sense the value of the liquid level in the liquid dispenser 1 changing with the ambient temperature.

[0057] S3: Pipeline 2 is drawn from the bottom of the liquid distributor 1 and laid along the longitudinal direction of the bridge to each reference point area. It is fixed to the bridge body with a clamp. A second pressure transmitter 4 is installed at the end of the pipeline 2. The relative position between the second pressure transmitter 4 and the liquid distributor 1 changes with the deflection of the bridge. It is used to test the change in the liquid level height of the liquid distributor 1 under the combined effects of ambient temperature and vehicle load.

[0058] S4: When the bridge deflection is zero, the difference in voltage signals output by the two pressure transmitters is a fixed constant, i.e., V1-V2=C;

[0059] When the bridge deflection is not zero, that is, when flexural deformation occurs, the voltage value corresponding to the deflection change is: V = V1-V2-C;

[0060] By correcting the output data of the two pressure transmitters, the influence of ambient temperature changes on the test results is automatically eliminated.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge structure hidden damage identification device, comprising a liquid distributor (1) and a pipeline (2), characterized in that: The liquid separator (1) comprises a main box (101) and a plurality of partition plates (102) fixedly arranged in the main box (101), wherein the plurality of partition plates (102) divide the inner cavity of the main box (101) into a plurality of liquid separation cavities (103), a water injection port (1031) is provided at the top of each liquid separation cavity (103), a connecting pipe (1032) is provided at the bottom of each liquid separation cavity (103), a first pressure transmitter (3) is fixedly arranged at the end of the connecting pipe (1032), a plurality of pipelines (2) are provided and are connected to each liquid separation cavity (103) in a one-to-one correspondence, a honeycomb guide plate (5) is provided in the liquid separation cavity (103), and a guide hole is provided on the honeycomb guide plate (5); The main box (101) is provided with a pressurizing interface (1033) at each liquid separation cavity (103), and an exhaust valve (1034) is provided on the connecting pipe (1032) and the pipeline (2). The pressurizing interface (1033) is connected to a pressure pump via a pressure-resistant hose; An elastic damping rod (6) is fixedly provided on the top inner wall of the liquid separation chamber (103), and one end of the elastic damping rod (6) away from the inner wall of the liquid separation chamber (103) is connected to the honeycomb guide plate (5); The honeycomb guide plate (5) comprises a plurality of equally spaced movable plates (501) slidably connected to the inner wall of the liquid separation chamber (103), a vertical partition (502) provided between two adjacent movable plates (501), and a first elastic element (503); The vertical partition (502) comprises an upper partition (5021) and a lower partition (5022) hinged to each other, wherein one end of the upper partition (5021) away from the lower partition (5022) is rotatably connected to a movable plate (501) connected to the upper side of the vertical partition (502), and one end of the lower partition (5022) away from the upper partition (5021) is rotatably connected to the movable plate (501) connected to the lower side of the vertical partition (502).

2. A bridge structure hidden damage identification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating rod (7) is rotatably connected in the liquid separation chamber (103), and a plurality of guide plates (701) are evenly arranged on the rotating rod (7) in a circumferential manner. A one-way gear (8) that rotates on the inner wall of the liquid separation chamber (103) is fixedly provided at the end of the rotating rod (7), and a rack plate (504) that meshes with the one-way gear (8) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the uppermost movable plate (501) of the honeycomb guide plate (5).

3. A bridge structure hidden damage identification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The one-way gear (8) comprises a fixed wheel (801) fixedly connected to the rotating rod (7) and a movable wheel (802) rotatably connected to the outside of the fixed wheel (801) and meshing with the rack plate (504); a receiving groove is provided on the fixed wheel (801); a latching tooth (8011) is rotatably connected to the receiving groove via a pin shaft; a torsion spring is provided on the pin shaft for driving the latching tooth (8011) to reset; and a plurality of latching grooves (8021) are provided on the inner side wall of the movable wheel (802) and are matched with the latching tooth (8011).

4. The bridge structure hidden damage identification device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A mounting frame (9) is provided between the liquid dispenser (1) and the bridge measuring point. The liquid dispenser (1) is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting frame (9). The mounting frame (9) comprises a bottom plate (901), an adjusting support rod (902) connected to the bottom plate (901), and a top plate (903) arranged on the top of the adjusting support rod (902). The liquid dispenser (1) is fixedly mounted on the top of the top plate (903), and the first pressure transmitter (3) is fixedly mounted on the top of the bottom plate (901).

5. The bridge structure hidden damage identification device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The cross-sectional structure of the liquid dispenser (1) comprises a protective layer (10), a heat-insulating material layer (11) and a corrosion-resistant metal layer (12).

6. A method for identifying hidden damage to a bridge structure, comprising: applying the device for identifying hidden damage to a bridge structure according to claim 1 to perform identification and detection, wherein: The following steps are involved: S1: Determine the detection position: Determine the measuring point: mark the measuring point at the cross-section of the bridge structure where the deflection is to be measured, i.e. the installation position of the dispenser (1); Determine the benchmark point: select the benchmark point at a stable position on top of multiple pier supports; Plan the direction of pipeline (2): ensure that the distance difference between pipeline (2) from the liquid distributor (1) to each measuring point is ≤ 10 meters, and avoid high temperature and vibration areas; S2: The liquid distributor (1) is installed at a measuring point in the middle of the bridge or near a bridge pier, and a first pressure transmitter (3) is installed at the measuring point. The information sensed by the first pressure transmitter (3) is irrelevant to the flexural deformation of the bridge and is only used to sense the value of the liquid level of the liquid distributor (1) changing with the ambient temperature. S3: A pipeline (2) is drawn out from the bottom of the liquid distributor (1), laid along the longitudinal direction of the bridge to each reference point area, fixed to the bridge body with a clamp, and a second pressure transmitter (4) is installed at the end of the pipeline (2). The relative position between the second pressure transmitter (4) and the liquid distributor (1) changes with the change of the bridge deflection, and is used to test the change value of the liquid level height of the liquid distributor (1) under the combined action of ambient temperature and vehicle load; S4: When the bridge deflection is zero, the difference in voltage signals output by the two pressure transmitters is a fixed constant, i.e., V1-V2=C; When the bridge deflection is not zero, that is, when flexural deformation occurs, the voltage value corresponding to the deflection change is: V = V1-V2-C; By correcting the output data of the two pressure transmitters, the influence of ambient temperature changes on the test results is automatically eliminated.

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