A sampling device for water environment detection in arid areas

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of water environment detection technology, and specifically to a sampling device for water environment detection in arid areas, comprising a sampler, a protective unit installed on the lower side of the sampler, and a side suction unit installed on the protective unit. The present invention adopts a plurality of elastic anti-bottoming rods to support the sampling tube to prevent the water inlet pipe from being too close to the riverbed sediment layer. At the same time, a laterally arranged water inlet pipe is used to extract water samples in a side suction manner to reduce the disturbance of the riverbed sediment by the water flow, and a debris retaining group is used to protect the lower part of the water inlet pipe. Then, through a multi-stage setting to prevent the sediment from being extracted synchronously, while maintaining a normal sampling flow rate, it avoids the presence of excessive alkaline substances and other impurities in the water sample to affect the detection of the water body, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of water sampling and detection. The present invention isolates the inner cavity of the sampling tube into two independent sampling cavities through an isolation plate, and cooperates with two piston extraction parts to extract in sequence, so that the independent collection of two water bodies of different depths can be completed by a single lowering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water environment detection, in particular to a sampling device for water environment detection in arid areas. Background Art

[0002] Water environment testing is a key means of assessing water quality and monitoring ecological changes, especially in arid areas. Due to the scarcity of water resources and the weak self-purification capacity of water bodies, the impact of water quality changes on ecosystems and human activities is more significant. In order to accurately reflect the status of water bodies, water samples at different depths need to be collected and analyzed to obtain multidimensional data including pollutant concentrations, microbial indicators, physical and chemical properties, etc.

[0003] Currently, float-fixed-depth samplers are widely used to sample water bodies. First, the air in the sampling tube is emptied through the piston extraction device and then the piston extraction device is locked. Then, the sinking depth of the sampling tube is controlled by the buoyancy device, and the piston extraction device is unlocked at a preset position through a mechanical trigger device, so that the piston extraction device draws the water sample into the sampling tube from the water inlet at the bottom of the sampling tube.

[0004] When sampling the water environment in arid areas, since the riverbed may dry up during the dry season, there will be a large amount of silt including alkaline substances and other debris in the riverbed. At the same time, the water level of the water environment in arid areas is not high. Therefore, when sampling the water environment in arid areas, there may be a situation where the water inlet is close to the riverbed, which will cause the water flow in the sampling tube to disturb the silt in the riverbed and cause the sampling tube to inhale too much silt. The presence of too many alkaline substances and other debris in the water sample will affect the detection of the water body; in addition, the existing float fixed-depth sampler can only sample water bodies of a single depth at a time. If you want to obtain water samples at different depths, the operator needs to control the float fixed-depth sampler to enter the water body multiple times for multiple sampling. This will reduce the sampling efficiency of the water body. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a sampling device for water environment detection in arid areas, comprising a sampler, a protective unit installed on the lower side of the sampler, and a side suction unit installed on the protective unit; the sampler comprises a sampling barrel and an isolation plate fixedly installed therein, the isolation plate divides the inner cavity of the sampling barrel into two independent sampling cavities arranged front and back, a water inlet is provided at the lower end of the sampling barrel and at a position corresponding to the sampling cavity, a piston extraction member is installed in the sampling cavity, and water samples are extracted at different times by the front and rear piston extraction members to adapt to the extraction of water samples of different depths at a single time; a counterweight group is installed in the rear sampling cavity, and a counterweight group is installed in the front piston extraction member. When extracting water samples, the counterweight group is used to keep the sampling tube vertical; the protection unit includes a plurality of elastic anti-bottoming rods installed at the lower end of the sampling tube for sliding up and down, and the opposite sides of the plurality of elastic anti-bottoming rods are each installed with a debris retaining group; the side suction unit includes a connecting group installed between the opposite sides of the plurality of elastic anti-bottoming rods, and a water inlet pipe is installed on the connecting group at a position corresponding to the debris retaining group; when collecting the last depth, the connecting group is connected to the rear water inlet and the water sample is allowed to flow from the water inlet pipe into the rear sampling cavity in a side suction manner, while the elastic anti-bottoming rod is inserted into the mud and sand to support the sampling tube to make it vertical, the water inlet pipe is away from the mud and sand layer, and the debris retaining group prevents impurities below the water inlet pipe from entering the water inlet pipe.

[0006] Preferably, the volume of the front sampling chamber is smaller than that of the rear sampling chamber, and the counterweight group includes an arc-shaped plate fixedly installed on the upper side of the inner bottom wall of the sampling barrel and fixedly connected to the isolation plate. The arc-shaped plate is located in the rear sampling chamber, and an arc-shaped sealing plate is fixedly installed between the outer side of the arc-shaped plate and the inner wall of the sampling barrel. A counterweight chamber is formed between the arc-shaped plate, the sealing plate, the isolation plate and the inner wall of the sampling barrel, and two circular holes arranged on the left and right and connected to the counterweight chamber are provided on the isolation plate.

[0007] Preferably, a locking group for locking the rear piston extraction member is installed on the rear side of the upper end of the sampling cylinder. The locking group includes a mounting block fixedly mounted on the sampling cylinder, and an elastic locking rod is slidably mounted on the mounting block through the front and back. The rear end of the elastic locking rod is set to be L-shaped, and a locking hole that matches the elastic locking rod is provided on the rear piston extraction member.

[0008] Preferably, an L-shaped transmission plate is fixedly installed on the upper side of the elastic anti-bottoming rod located at the rear, and the transmission plate and the sampling tube are connected by sliding up and down. The upper end of the vertical section of the transmission plate slides up and down to pass through the upper end of the sampling tube and is fixedly installed with a separation block, and the rear end of the separation block is set to a trapezoidal structure that cooperates with the horizontal section of the elastic locking rod.

[0009] Preferably, the lower end of the elastic anti-bottoming rod is set to a conical structure, and the elastic anti-bottoming rod is evenly arranged along the circumference of the sampling tube; a support plate is fixedly installed on the lower outer side of the elastic anti-bottoming rod.

[0010] Preferably, the debris retaining group includes two symmetrically arranged flip rods hinged on the elastic anti-bottoming rod through a torsion spring shaft, a rubber plate is fixedly installed on the opposite sides of the two flip rods, a toggle block is fixedly installed on the torsion spring shaft, and a downward pressure rod is fixedly installed at the position of the toggle block at the lower end of the sampling tube, and the lower end of the downward pressure rod is in contact with the upper end of the corresponding toggle block.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting group includes a water inlet cylinder fixedly installed between opposite sides of a plurality of elastic anti-bottoming rods through a connecting rod, a water inlet pipe fixedly installed on the lower outer side of the water inlet cylinder, a telescopic ring slidably installed on the upper end of the water inlet cylinder through a top extension spring, a connecting ring fixedly installed on the upper end of the telescopic ring, a round rod fixedly installed on the middle part of the upper side of the inner bottom wall of the water inlet cylinder, and a sealing plate for closing the connecting ring fixedly installed on the upper end of the round rod.

[0012] Preferably, a sliding rod is concentrically arranged in the water inlet pipe, and the outer side of the sliding rod is radially slidably connected to the inner wall of the water inlet pipe through a connecting block, a return spring is connected between the connecting block and the water inlet pipe, and a sealing plate 2 for closing the water inlet pipe is fixedly installed at one end of the sliding rod away from the middle of the water inlet cylinder, and an L-shaped plate is fixedly installed on the inner side of the telescopic ring at the position corresponding to the sliding rod, and the lower ends of the vertical sections of the multiple L-shaped plates are all arranged on the opposite sides to each other as inclined surfaces that match the sliding rod.

[0013] Preferably, a float depth setting unlocking unit is installed on the front piston extraction member, and the float depth setting unlocking unit is used to control the front piston extraction member to extract water samples of corresponding depth first.

[0014] Preferably, a counterweight is installed on the front side of the upper end of the sampling tube. When no samples are taken in the front and rear sampling cavities, the center of mass of the sampling tube is evenly distributed through the counterweight, and the sampling tube is in a vertical state.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention adopts multiple elastic anti-bottoming rods to support the sampling tube to form a supporting platform. When sampling at a depth close to the riverbed, the water inlet pipe is prevented from being too close to the riverbed mud layer, thereby achieving the first-level purpose of preventing mud and sand from being extracted simultaneously. At the same time, a laterally arranged water inlet pipe is used to extract water samples in a side suction manner, reducing the disturbance of water flow to the riverbed mud, thereby achieving the second-level purpose of preventing mud and sand from being extracted synchronously, and the impurity retaining group is used to protect the bottom of the water inlet pipe, thereby achieving the third-level purpose of preventing mud and sand from being extracted synchronously. Then, through the multi-stage setting of preventing mud and sand from being extracted synchronously, while maintaining the normal sampling flow rate, the presence of excessive alkaline substances and other impurities in the water samples is avoided to affect the detection of the water body, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of water body sampling and detection.

[0016] 2. The present invention separates the inner cavity of the sampling tube into two independent sampling cavities through an isolation plate, and cooperates with two piston extraction members to extract water samples in sequence, so that two water bodies of different depths can be independently collected in a single lowering, thereby improving the sampling efficiency of the water body.

[0017] The two groups of samples were completely isolated during collection and storage to avoid cross contamination.

[0018] 3. When sampling water at the first depth, the present invention automatically balances the posture of the sampling tube through the provided counterweight group to ensure vertical sampling. At the same time, it ensures that the elastic anti-bottoming rod is inserted into the mud layer when the sampling tube is in a vertical state, thereby ensuring the position accuracy of the water sampling at the second depth, that is, avoiding the water inlet pipe being too close to the riverbed mud layer during subsequent sampling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the counterweight group, elastic locking rod, connecting group, connecting rod and pressing rod of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the sampling tube, isolation plate, arc plate, blocking plate and piston of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the locking group, elastic anti-bottoming rod, transmission plate and separation block of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the side suction unit of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a state change diagram of the flip lever of the present invention when flipping.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the float depth setting unlocking unit and the rope length maintaining group of the present invention.

[0027] 1. Sampler; 11. Sampling tube; 111. Pressing rod; 112. Drain valve 1; 113. Drain valve 2; 114. Drain valve 3; 12. Isolation plate; 121. Circular hole; 13. Piston extraction member; 131. Extraction rod; 132. Elastic component; 133. Piston; 14. Counterweight group; 141. Arc plate; 142. Blocking plate; 15. Locking group; 151. Mounting block; 152. Elastic locking rod; 16. Rope length holding group; 161. Locking plate; 162. Matching hole; 163. Connecting spring 1; 164. U-shaped buckle; 165. U-shaped locking rod; 166. Connecting spring 2; 167. Connecting rope 3; 17. Connecting member; 171. Connecting rope 1; 18. One-way baffle; 2. Protection unit; 21. Elastic anti-bottoming rod; 211. Transmission plate; 212. Separation block; 213. Support plate; 22. Debris-blocking group; 221. Flip rod; 222. Rubber plate; 223. Toggle block; 3. Side suction unit; 31. Connecting group; 311. Connecting rod; 312. Water inlet cylinder; 313. Extension spring; 314. Telescopic ring; 315. Connecting ring; 316. Round rod; 317. Sealing plate 1; 318. L-shaped plate; 32. Water inlet pipe; 321. Sliding rod; 322. Sealing plate 2; 4. Sampling rod; 5. Float fixed depth unlocking unit; 51. Connecting rope 2; 52. Locking group; 53. Retraction group; 54. Float. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. If no specific techniques or conditions are specified in the embodiments, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or the product instructions shall be followed.

[0029] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 A sampling device for detecting water environment in arid areas includes a sampler 1, a protection unit 2 is installed on the lower side of the sampler 1, and a side suction unit 3 is installed on the protection unit 2.

[0030] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3The sampler 1 includes a sampling tube 11 and an isolation plate 12 fixedly installed in the sampling tube 11. The isolation plate 12 isolates the inner cavity of the sampling tube 11 into two independent sampling cavities arranged in front and behind. A water inlet is provided at the lower end of the sampling tube 11 and the position corresponding to the sampling cavity. A piston extraction member 13 is installed in the sampling cavity. The piston extraction member 13 includes an extraction rod 131. A locking group 15 is installed on the rear side of the upper end of the sampling tube 11. When the sampling tube 11 sinks to different depths, the front and rear piston extraction members 13 are controlled. Water samples are extracted successively to realize sampling of water samples at different depths. A counterweight group 14 is installed in the rear sampling chamber. When the front piston extraction member 13 extracts the water sample into the corresponding sampling chamber, the sampling tube 11 is kept in a vertical state under the action of the counterweight group 14; a float fixed depth unlocking unit 5 is installed on the front piston extraction member 13, and the float fixed depth unlocking unit 5 includes a connecting rope 51 of which the length can be retracted. A rope length maintaining group 16 is provided at the position of the upper end of the sampling tube 11 corresponding to the connecting rope 51.

[0031] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 7 The sampling tube 11 is connected to the sampling rod 4 by a connecting piece 17. The sampling rod 4 adopts the existing technology. The connecting piece 17 is connected to the sampling rod 4 by a connecting rope 171. The sinking depth of the sampling tube 11 is controlled by retracting and releasing the connecting rope 171. The inner bottom wall of the sampling tube 11 is hingedly installed with a one-way baffle 18 at the position corresponding to the water inlet. The one-way baffle 18 is used to close the water inlet in one direction. It can only be rotated upward so that water can only flow into the sampling tube 11 from the outside of the sampling tube 11 through the water inlet. The sampling tube 11 is fixedly mounted with a drain valve 112 and a drain valve 2 113 respectively connected to the two sampling chambers. A connecting rope 3 167 is installed on the rope length holding group 16. The connecting rope 3 167 is connected to the sampling rod 4. The operator manually pulls the connecting rope 3 167 to control the rope length holding group 16 to release the fixed length lock of the connecting rope 2 51.

[0032] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 7, It should be noted that the piston extraction member 13 adopts the existing technology. In addition to including the extraction rod 131, it also includes an elastic component 132 and a piston 133. A one-way valve (not shown in the figure) is installed on the piston 133. The piston 133 is slidably installed in the corresponding sampling cavity, and the piston 133 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the corresponding extraction rod 131. The extraction rod 131 is slidably installed on the elastic component 132. The elastic component 132 is fixedly installed on the sampling cylinder 11. The piston 133 is fixedly connected to the elastic structure in the elastic component 132. The elastic structure can be a rubber band with an appropriate diameter. The rope length holding group 16 is located on the upper side of the corresponding elastic component 132; by pressing the extraction rod 131 downward, it drives the corresponding piston 133 to move downward in the corresponding sampling cavity. Under the action of the piston 133, the air in the corresponding sampling cavity is discharged from the one-way valve of the piston 133. When it is necessary to extract a water sample, the elastic component 132 can elastically pull the piston 133 upward, so that water flows into the corresponding sampling cavity through the water inlet. The float fixed depth unlocking unit 5 also includes a locking group 52, a retracting group 53 installed on the locking group 52, and a float 54. The connecting rope 2 51 is connected between the retracting group 53 and the float 54. When the extraction rod 131 is pressed down to move the piston 133 to the lower limit position, the elastic structure in the elastic component 132 accumulates rebound force, and the locking group 52 locks the front extraction rod 131. The retracting group 53 is used to control the initial length of the connecting rope 2 51 between it and the float 54. When the sampling tube 11 sinks to the specified depth and the connecting rope 2 51 is straightened, under the action of the buoyancy of the water body, the float 54 finally triggers the locking group 52 through the connecting rope 2 51 to release the lock on the front extraction rod 131. It should be noted that the locking group 52, the float 54, the connecting rope 2 51 and the corresponding piston extraction member 13 are components of the existing technology of the automatic extraction fixed depth sampler. The locking group 52, the float 54, the connecting rope 2 51 cooperate to form a float fixed depth unlocking mechanism to achieve the locking and unlocking of the piston extraction member 13. The specific structure of the locking group 52 and the elastic component 132 and the connection method between the locking group 52 and the elastic component 132 are not the design points of the present invention, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0033] The present invention is used for sampling water bodies, and the present invention can sample water bodies at two depths, thereby increasing the sampling efficiency of the water bodies. At the same time, the present invention can protect the bottom of the sampling tube 11 to prevent the sampling tube 11 from being too close to the river bottom. When sampling at a depth close to the river bottom, the present invention adopts a side suction method to reduce the disturbance of the riverbed sediment by the water flow, thereby preventing the collected water samples from mixing with too much sediment, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the water samples.

[0034] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 7Specifically, first, according to the first sampling depth of the water body, the length of the connecting rope 2 51 between the retracting group 53 and the float 54 is controlled, and the rope length holding group 16 is controlled to lock the connecting rope 2 51 between the retracting group 53 and the float 54 at a fixed length. By pressing down the two extraction rods 131, the corresponding pistons 133 are driven to move downward, so that the pistons 133 empty the air in the corresponding sampling chamber. When the extraction rods 131 move to the lower limit position, the locking group 52 locks the front extraction rod 131, and the locking group 15 locks the rear extraction rod 131. Then, the operator controls the sampling cylinder 11 to move to the designated sampling position through the sampling rod 4. Then, the operator releases the connecting rope 171, so that the sampling cylinder 11 falls into the water body and sinks under the action of gravity.

[0035] When the sampling tube 11 sinks to the first sampling depth and the connecting rope 2 51 is stretched, under the action of the buoyancy of the water body, the float 54 finally triggers the locking group 52 through the connecting rope 2 51 to release the lock of the front extraction rod 131, so that the front extraction rod 131 drives the corresponding piston 133 to move upward under the action of the rebound force of the corresponding elastic component 132, thereby pumping water into the front sampling chamber through the front water pumping port, realizing the sampling of the first depth of the water body, and then the operator manually pulls the connecting rope 3 167 to release the rope length holding group 16 between the retracting group 53 and the float 54 through the connecting rope 3 167. The fixed length of the connecting rope 2 51 is locked, so that the length of the connecting rope 2 51 between the retraction group 53 and the float 54 can be freely retracted, so that the float 54 will not exert an upward force on the sampling tube 11 through the connecting rope 2 51 under the action of the buoyancy of the water body. Then the operator loosens the connecting rope 1 171 again, so that the sampling tube 11 sinks again. Under the action of the counterweight group 14, the center of mass of the sampling tube 11 is evenly distributed, so that the sampling tube 11 moves vertically downward, and the retraction group 53 continues to unwind the connecting rope 3 167, so that the buoyancy of the float 54 will not interfere with the sinking of the sampling tube 11.

[0036] When the sampling tube 11 sinks to a depth close to the river bottom, the protection unit 2 can be stably supported on the river bottom for a short period of time, so that a certain distance is separated between the bottom of the sampling tube 11 and the river bottom sediment layer, and because the sampling tube 11 moves vertically downward, the protection unit 2 supports the sampling tube 11 vertically and stably on the river bottom, and the side suction unit 3 can be inserted into the water inlet at the rear and connected to the water inlet at the rear. At the same time, the locking group 15 releases the lock of the rear extraction rod 131, so that the rear extraction rod 131 drives the corresponding piston 133 to move upward under the action of the corresponding elastic component 132, and the water flows through The side suction unit 3 flows through the rear water pumping port and enters the rear sampling chamber to realize sampling of the second depth of the water body. The side suction unit 3 adopts the side extraction method to sample, which reduces the disturbance of the riverbed sediment, and the protection unit 2 can also cooperate with the side suction unit 3 to prevent the sediment from being extracted into the side suction unit 3. When the sampling of the two depths of the water body is completed, the operator manually pulls the connecting rope 171 to make the connecting rope 171 drive the sampling tube 11 to move upward out of the water surface, and then releases and collects the water sample in the corresponding sampling chamber by opening the drain valve 112 and the drain valve 2 113 to complete the sampling of the water body.

[0037] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the volume of the front sampling chamber is smaller than that of the rear sampling chamber, the counterweight group 14 includes an arc-shaped plate 141 fixedly mounted on the upper side of the inner bottom wall of the sampling cylinder 11, the arc-shaped plate 141 is located in the rear sampling chamber and the piston 133 corresponding to the rear sampling chamber is located between the inner side of the arc-shaped plate 141 and the isolation plate 12, the arc-shaped plate 141 and the isolation plate 12 are fixedly connected, and an arc-shaped blocking plate 142 is fixedly mounted between the outer side of the arc-shaped plate 141 and the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 11, a counterweight chamber is formed between the arc-shaped plate 141, the blocking plate 142, the isolation plate 12 and the inner bottom wall of the sampling cylinder 11, and two circular holes 121 arranged on the left and right and connected to the counterweight chamber are provided on the isolation plate 12; wherein, a drain valve three 114 connected to the counterweight chamber is also fixedly mounted on the outside of the sampling cylinder 11, and the drain valve three 114 passes through the arc-shaped plate 141; refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A counterweight block is detachably mounted on the front upper end of the sampling tube 11. When the two sampling cavities in the sampling tube 11 are not sampling, the center of mass of the sampling tube 11 is evenly distributed, that is, the sampling tube 11 is in a vertical state.

[0038] The counterweight group 14 is used to make the center of mass of the sampling tube 11 evenly distributed after the sampling tube 11 completes sampling of the water body at the first depth. Specifically, when sampling the water body at the first depth, the front extraction rod 131 drives the corresponding piston 133 to move upward, and water is drawn into the front sampling chamber through the front water pumping port. When the water sample level in the front sampling chamber rises to the position corresponding to the circular hole 121, the water sample flows into the counterweight chamber through the circular hole 121. When the front piston 133 moves to the upper limit position, the sampling of the first water body depth is completed, and the counterweight chamber The front and rear sampling chambers are both loaded with water samples, and the sampling tube 11 still maintains the initial uniform distribution of the center of mass. When the sampling tube 11 completes sampling of the water body at the first depth and continues to sink, the sampling tube 11 can sink vertically. When sampling the water body at the second depth, the rear extraction rod 131 drives the corresponding piston 133 to move upward. At this time, the water sample is extracted between the arc plate 141, the isolation plate 12 and the sampling tube 11. When the water sample in the sampling chamber is collected, the water sample in the counterweight chamber can be released by opening the drain valve three 114.

[0039] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 7 The rope length holding group 16 includes a U-shaped locking plate 161 arranged on the locking group 52. A locking groove is opened in the middle of the rear end of the upper horizontal section of the locking plate 161. The upper horizontal section of the locking plate 161 is slidably installed with a U-shaped buckle 164 through a connecting spring 163. The connecting rope 2 51 passes between the locking groove and the U-shaped buckle 164. The U-shaped buckle 164 is used to cooperate with the locking groove to lock the connecting rope 2 51 at a fixed length. The retracting group 53 and the locking plate 161 are both fixedly installed on the locking group 52, and the retracting group 53 is located below the U-shaped buckle 164; a U-shaped locking rod 165 is installed on the upper end of the upper horizontal section of the locking plate 161 for sliding up and down, and a connecting spring 2 166 is connected between the U-shaped locking rod 165 and the locking plate 161, and matching holes 162 are opened on the U-shaped buckle 164 at positions corresponding to the two vertical sections of the U-shaped locking rod 165. When the vertical sections of the U-shaped locking rod 165 are inserted into the corresponding matching holes 162, the position of the U-shaped buckle 164 is locked, and the connecting rope 3 167 is connected to the horizontal section of the U-shaped locking rod 165.

[0040] The rope length holding group 16 is used to lock the connecting rope 2 51 between the retracting group 53 and the float 54 at a fixed length; specifically, before the sampling tube 11 is placed in the water body, the length of the connecting rope 2 51 between the retracting group 53 and the float 54 is controlled according to the first sampling depth of the water body, and then the connecting rope 2 51 is snapped into the locking groove, and then the U-shaped buckle 164 is pushed toward the direction close to the locking plate 161 and the connecting spring 1 163 is compressed. When the matching hole 162 moves to the corresponding position of the U-shaped locking rod 165, the U-shaped locking rod 165 is automatically inserted into the matching hole 162 under the action of the rebound force of the connecting spring 2 166, so that the U-shaped buckle 16 is locked. 4 and the locking plate 161 are locked in position. At this time, the U-shaped buckle 164 and the locking groove cooperate to clamp the connecting rope 2 51, locking the connecting rope 2 51 at a fixed length. When the sampling tube 11 sinks to the first sampling depth and the connecting rope 2 51 is stretched, the float 54 exerts an upward force on the connecting rope 2 51 under the buoyancy of the water, causing the connecting rope 2 51 to exert an upward force on the locking assembly 52 through the locking plate 161, thereby triggering the locking assembly 52 to release the lock on the front extraction rod 131. The front extraction rod 131 drives the corresponding piston 133 upward under the rebound force of the corresponding elastic component 132, completing the sampling of the water body at the first depth. After the locking assembly 52 releases the lock on the extraction rod 131, it remains connected to the elastic component 132 rather than directly separating from each other.

[0041] After sampling the water at the first depth, the operator pulls the third connecting rope 167, causing the third connecting rope 167 to pull the U-shaped locking rod 165 upward. The U-shaped locking rod 165 moves out of the matching hole 162 and releases the lock on the U-shaped buckle 164. Under the rebound force of the first connecting spring 163, the U-shaped buckle 164 moves away from the locking plate 161 to the initial position, thereby releasing the U-shaped buckle 164 from the locking lock on the second connecting rope 51, allowing the retraction group 53 to freely retract the length of the second connecting rope 51. At this time, the float 54 will not exert an upward force on the sampling tube 11 through the second connecting rope 51 under the buoyancy of the water. In addition, during the sinking process of the sampling tube 11, the second connecting spring 166 can overcome the force of the water on the U-shaped locking rod 165, so that the U-shaped locking rod 165 will not move out of the matching hole 162.

[0042] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 The protection unit 2 includes a plurality of circumferentially evenly arranged elastic anti-bottoming rods 21 that are installed at the lower end of the sampling tube 11 for sliding up and down, and a debris blocking group 22 is installed on the opposite sides of the plurality of elastic anti-bottoming rods 21; the lower end of the elastic anti-bottoming rod 21 is set to a conical structure, and a support plate 213 is fixedly installed on the lower outer side of the elastic anti-bottoming rod 21.

[0043] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 The side suction unit 3 includes a connecting group 31 installed between the opposite sides of multiple elastic anti-bottoming rods 21. A water inlet pipe 32 is installed at the position corresponding to the impurity blocking group 22 on the connecting group 31. The impurity blocking group 22 can block impurities below the corresponding water inlet pipe 32. The connecting group 31 is used to communicate with the rear water inlet, so that the water sample passes through the water inlet pipe 32 and finally flows into the rear sampling chamber.

[0044] The protection unit 2 is used to ensure that there is a certain distance between the sampling tube 11 and the river bottom, and the side suction unit 3 adopts the side suction method to sample the water body closer to the river bottom; specifically, when the water sampling of the first depth is completed and the sampling tube 11 sinks to a position closer to the river bottom, since the sampling tube 11 sinks vertically, the multiple elastic anti-bottoming rods 21 can be vertically inserted into the mud and sand at the river bottom with the sampling tube 11. The conical structure of the elastic anti-bottoming rods 21 can facilitate the elastic anti-bottoming rods 21 to be inserted into the mud and sand quickly and smoothly. Under the action of the elastic anti-bottoming rods 21 themselves and gravity, the elastic anti-bottoming rods 21 will not move upward relative to the sampling tube 11 in the water environment. When the support plate 213 moves with the elastic anti-bottoming rods 21 and contacts the mud and sand layer, since the support plate 213 is provided with a large surface area, there is an effective distance between the support plate 213 and the mud and sand layer. Due to the large contact surface, the sampling barrel 11 will be affected by the buoyancy of the water body and the resistance of the sediment layer, so that the support plate 213 can be stably supported on the upper surface of the riverbed sediment for a certain period of time (the sampling time is not very long), so that the elastic anti-bottoming rod 21 cannot continue to move downward. As the sampling barrel 11 continues to move downward, the elastic anti-bottoming rod 21 moves upward relative to the sampling barrel 11, and when the elastic anti-bottoming rod 21 moves to the upper limit position relative to the sampling barrel 11, the sampling barrel 11 can no longer move downward, and the rear piston 133 quickly draws the water sample into between the arc plate 141, the isolation plate 12 and the sampling barrel 11. During the extraction process, there is a certain distance between the bottom of the sampling barrel 11 and the riverbed sediment layer, and the water sample level in the rear sampling chamber is lower than the circular hole 121 on the isolation plate 12, which prevents the second depth water sample from flowing into the first depth water sample taken previously and causing sample mixing. It should be noted that, as the second depth water sample is extracted, although the center of mass of the sampling tube 11 will be slightly biased to the rear side, when the circumferentially distributed elastic anti-bottoming rods 21 are stably inserted into the mud layer and the support plate 213 is pressed against the mud layer, the sampling tube 11 will still maintain a relatively vertical state and will not deflect significantly, and the water inlet pipe 32 can still maintain a sufficient distance from the riverbed mud layer.

[0045] When the elastic anti-bottoming rod 21 moves upward relative to the sampling tube 11, it also drives the connecting group 31 to move upward relative to the sampling tube 11, and finally the connecting group 31 is connected to the rear water inlet. When the rear piston 133 moves upward, water flows through the water inlet pipe 32 and the connecting group 31 into the rear sampling chamber, realizing the sampling of the water body at the second depth; the water inlet pipe 32 uses a side suction method to extract water samples, and there is a certain distance between the water inlet pipe 32 and the riverbed sediment layer, thereby reducing the disturbance of the water flow on the riverbed sediment when extracting water samples, preventing the rear sampling chamber from extracting too much sediment, and ensuring the accuracy of water sample detection. While the second depth water sample is being extracted, the impurity blocking group 22 protects the bottom of the corresponding water inlet pipe 32 to prevent the sediment on the riverbed from rising to the position of the water inlet pipe 32 and flowing into the water inlet pipe 32, further preventing impurities such as sediment from mixing into the water sample, and improving the accuracy of water sample detection. When the sampling tube 11 moves upward, the elastic anti-bottoming rod 21 returns to its initial position under the action of its elastic force, and the elastic anti-bottoming rod 21 drives the water inlet pipe 32 to return to its initial position through the connecting group 31.

[0046] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 The locking group 15 includes a mounting block 151 fixedly mounted on the sampling tube 11, and an elastic locking rod 152 is slidably mounted on the mounting block 151 from front to back. The rear end of the elastic locking rod 152 is set to be L-shaped, and a locking hole that cooperates with the elastic locking rod 152 is opened on the rear side of the rear extraction rod 131.

[0047] See Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 An L-shaped transmission plate 211 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the elastic anti-bottoming rod 21 located at the rear, and the transmission plate 211 and the sampling tube 11 are slidably connected up and down. The upper end of the vertical section of the transmission plate 211 passes through the upper end of the sampling tube 11 and is fixedly installed with a separation block 212. The rear end of the separation block 212 is set to a trapezoidal structure that cooperates with the horizontal section of the elastic locking rod 152.

[0048] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4When the rear extraction rod 131 is pressed down and moves to the lower limit position, the locking hole moves to the corresponding position of the elastic locking rod 152, and the elastic locking rod 152 is inserted into the locking hole to lock the position of the rear extraction rod 131. When the elastic anti-bottoming rod 21 moves upward relative to the sampling tube 11, the elastic anti-bottoming rod 21 at the rear drives the separation block 212 to move upward through the transmission plate 211. When the upper side inclined surface of the trapezoidal structure of the separation block 212 contacts the horizontal section of the elastic locking rod 152 and the separation block 212 continues to move upward, the elastic The transverse section of the locking rod 152 will move backward and accumulate rebound force, and finally the elastic locking rod 152 will move out of the locking hole, releasing the position lock on the rear extraction rod 131, and then the separation block 212 will continue to move upward, and will be separated by the transverse section of the elastic locking rod 152 and move to the vertical surface of the trapezoidal structure of the separation block 212, so that the rear elastic component 132 drives the corresponding piston 133 to move upward through the extraction rod 131 to extract the second depth water sample, and finally the lower side inclined surface of the trapezoidal structure of the separation block 212 moves to contact the transverse section of the elastic locking rod 152, but at this time the elastic locking rod 152 is not plugged into the locking hole. When the sampling tube 11 moves upward, the elastic anti-bottoming rod 21 returns to its initial position under its elastic action. First, the lower side inclined surface of the trapezoidal structure of the separation block 212 causes the lateral section of the elastic locking rod 152 to move backward, and then the vertical surface of the trapezoidal structure of the separation block 212 keeps the elastic locking rod 152 stationary. Finally, the upper side inclined surface of the trapezoidal structure of the separation block 212 contacts the lateral section of the elastic locking rod 152. As the separation block 212 continues to move downward, the elastic locking rod 152 gradually moves forward and resets under the action of its own rebound force. Therefore, the lateral section of the elastic locking rod 152 will not interfere with the downward movement and reset of the elastic anti-bottoming rod 21.

[0049] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 6 The debris-blocking group 22 includes two symmetrically arranged flip rods 221 hinged on the elastic anti-bottoming rod 21 through a torsion spring shaft, and a rubber plate 222 is fixedly installed on the opposite sides of the two flip rods 221; a toggle block 223 is fixedly installed on the torsion spring shaft, and a downward pressure rod 111 is fixedly installed at the position of the toggle block 223 at the lower end of the sampling tube 11, and the lower end of the downward pressure rod 111 is in contact with the upper end of the corresponding toggle block 223.

[0050] When the water sample is drawn from the water inlet pipe 32, if impurities float up under the action of the water flow, the rubber plate 222 can effectively block impurities such as mud and sand, preventing mud and sand from being drawn into the water inlet pipe 32, thereby further improving the detection accuracy of the water sample. It should be noted that, when the rubber plate 222 rotates upward and gradually extends, the downward water resistance encountered by the rubber plate 222 will instead help the elastic anti-bottoming rod 21 to be stably inserted into the mud layer, and the support plate 213 is effectively pressed against the mud layer.

[0051] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5 The connecting group 31 includes a water inlet cylinder 312 fixedly installed between the opposite sides of multiple elastic anti-bottoming rods 21 through a connecting rod 311. The water inlet pipe 32 is fixedly installed at the lower outer part of the water inlet cylinder 312 and is connected to the inside of the water inlet cylinder 312. At the same time, the water inlet pipe 32 also extends horizontally along the radial direction of the water inlet cylinder 312 to form a side suction inlet. The upper end of the water inlet cylinder 312 is slidably installed with a telescopic ring 314 through multiple circumferentially evenly arranged top springs 313. The top spring 313 is fixedly installed between the inner wall of the water inlet cylinder 312 and the lower end of the telescopic ring 314. The upper end of the telescopic ring 314 is fixedly installed with a connecting ring 315; a round rod 316 is fixedly installed on the middle part of the upper side of the inner bottom wall of the water inlet cylinder 312, and a sealing plate 317 for closing the connecting ring 315 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the round rod 316.

[0052] The connecting group 31 is used to connect the water inlet cylinder 312 and the water inlet at the rear. Specifically, initially, the connecting ring 315 and the rear water inlet are spaced a certain distance apart, which does not affect the rear piston 133 from evacuating the air from the rear sampling chamber. The sealing plate 1 317 seals the upper end of the connecting ring 315. During the upward movement of the elastic anti-bottoming rod 21 relative to the sampling cylinder 11, the elastic anti-bottoming rod 21 drives the water inlet cylinder 312 upward via the connecting rod 311. Under the action of the extension spring 313, the telescopic ring 314 can overcome the water resistance, preventing the telescopic ring 314 from moving downward relative to the water inlet cylinder 312 under the action of the water resistance. This ensures that the water sample does not flow into the connecting ring 315 before sampling the water at the second depth. This prevents the water sample from flowing into the connecting ring 315 before sampling the water at the second depth, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the water sample detection results.

[0053] After the water inlet cylinder 312 is in the water inlet, the water inlet cylinder 312 moves upward and drives the connecting ring 315 to be inserted into the water inlet at the rear through the telescopic ring 314. At this time, the corresponding one-way baffle 18 is turned upward under the push of the connecting ring 315 to open the water inlet. The connecting ring 315 is adapted to the diameter of the water inlet. The diameter of the water inlet is smaller than the diameter of the telescopic ring 314, so the telescopic ring 314 will not enter the water inlet. When the telescopic ring 314 is pressed against the lower side of the sampling cylinder 11 and the water inlet cylinder 312 continues to move upward relative to the sampling cylinder 11, the water inlet cylinder 312 moves upward relative to the telescopic ring 314 and compresses the extension spring 313, and the water inlet cylinder 31 The round rod 316 drives the sealing plate 1 317 to move upward relative to the connecting ring 315, so that the connecting ring 315 is opened. Then, when the piston 133 at the rear moves upward, the water at the second depth can flow into the sampling chamber at the rear through the water inlet pipe 32, the water inlet cylinder 312, the telescopic ring 314, and the connecting ring 315. When the elastic anti-bottoming rod 21 moves to the initial position, the elastic anti-bottoming rod 21 drives the water inlet cylinder 312 to move to the initial position via the connecting rod 311, and the sealing plate 1 317 can re-seal the connecting ring 315, thereby achieving re-sealing of the connecting ring 315.

[0054] See Figure 3 and Figure 5 A sliding rod 321 is concentrically arranged in the water inlet pipe 32, and the outer side of the sliding rod 321 is radially slidably connected to the inner wall of the water inlet pipe 32 through a connecting block, and a return spring is fixedly connected between the connecting block and the water inlet pipe 32, and the end of the sliding rod 321 away from the middle of the water inlet cylinder 312 is fixedly installed with a sealing plate 2 322 for closing the water inlet pipe 32, and an L-shaped plate 318 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the telescopic ring 314 at the position corresponding to the sliding rod 321, and the lower ends of the vertical sections of the multiple L-shaped plates 318 are all set to inclined surfaces that cooperate with the sliding rod 321, and the end of the sliding rod 321 that cooperates with the inclined surface is an outwardly convex spherical shape.

[0055] Initially, sealing plate 2 322 closes the end of the corresponding water inlet pipe 32 away from the middle of the water inlet cylinder 312 to prevent water from other depths from flowing into the water inlet cylinder 312, further ensuring the accuracy of the water sample detection results. When the water inlet cylinder 312 moves upward relative to the telescopic ring 314, the sliding rod 321 moves upward relative to the vertical section of the corresponding L-shaped plate 318, so that the sliding rod 321 and the corresponding L-shaped plate 318 inclined surface cooperate to drive the corresponding sealing plate 2 322 to move away from the middle of the water inlet cylinder 312 and compress the corresponding reset spring. The elastic force of the reset spring is much smaller than the elastic force of the extension spring 313, thereby opening the water inlet pipe 32, and the water of the second depth can flow into the sampling cavity at the rear through the water inlet pipe 32, the water inlet cylinder 312, the telescopic ring 314 and the connecting ring 315. After the sampling tube 11 has been taken out of the water body and the water sample in the sampling chamber has also been taken out, the telescopic ring 314 can be manually moved downward relative to the water inlet tube 312 to release the sealing plate 2 322 from the water inlet pipe 32, thereby allowing the remaining water sample in the water inlet tube 312 to be released to avoid affecting subsequent sampling.

[0056] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0057] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," "installed," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed or detachable connections, integral or sliding connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0059] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sampling device for detecting water environment in arid areas, comprising a sampler, characterized in that: A protection unit is installed on the lower side of the sampler, and a side suction unit is installed on the protection unit; The sampler includes a sampling tube and an internal fixed isolation plate. The isolation plate divides the inner cavity of the sampling tube into two independent sampling chambers arranged front and back. A water inlet is opened at the lower end of the sampling tube and the position corresponding to the sampling chamber. A piston extraction member is installed in the sampling chamber. The front and rear piston extraction members extract water samples at different times to adapt to single sampling at different depths. A counterweight group is installed in the rear sampling chamber, and the counterweight group is used to keep the sampling tube vertical when the front piston extraction member extracts water samples; The protection unit includes a plurality of elastic anti-bottoming rods slidably mounted on the lower end of the sampling tube, and a debris blocking group is mounted on opposite sides of the plurality of elastic anti-bottoming rods; The side suction unit includes a communication group installed between opposite sides of a plurality of elastic anti-bottoming rods, and a water inlet pipe is installed on the communication group at a position corresponding to the debris blocking group; During the last depth sampling, the connecting group is connected to the rear water inlet and the water sample flows from the water inlet pipe into the rear sampling chamber in a side suction manner. At the same time, the elastic anti-bottoming rod is inserted into the sediment to support the sampling tube to make it vertical. The water inlet pipe is away from the sediment layer, and the impurity blocking group prevents impurities below the water inlet pipe from entering the water inlet pipe. The debris retaining group includes two symmetrically arranged flip rods hinged on the elastic anti-bottoming rod through a torsion spring shaft. Rubber plates are fixedly installed on the opposite sides of the two flip rods. A toggle block is fixedly installed on the torsion spring shaft. A downward pressure rod is fixedly installed at the position of the toggle block at the lower end of the sampling tube, and the lower end of the downward pressure rod is in contact with the upper end of the corresponding toggle block.

2. A sampling device for detecting water environment in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume of the front sampling chamber is smaller than that of the rear sampling chamber. The counterweight group includes an arc-shaped plate fixedly installed on the upper side of the inner bottom wall of the sampling barrel and fixedly connected to the isolation plate. The arc-shaped plate is located in the rear sampling chamber. An arc-shaped sealing plate is fixedly installed between the outer side of the arc-shaped plate and the inner wall of the sampling barrel. A counterweight chamber is formed between the arc-shaped plate, the sealing plate, the isolation plate and the inner wall of the sampling barrel. Two circular holes are arranged on the left and right and connected to the counterweight chamber.

3. A sampling device for detecting water environment in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A locking group for locking the rear piston extraction member is installed on the rear side of the upper end of the sampling cylinder. The locking group includes a mounting block fixedly mounted on the sampling cylinder, and an elastic locking rod is slidably mounted on the mounting block from front to back. The rear end of the elastic locking rod is set to be L-shaped, and a locking hole that matches the elastic locking rod is provided on the rear piston extraction member.

4. A sampling device for detecting water environment in arid areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: An L-shaped transmission plate is fixedly installed on the upper side of the elastic anti-bottoming rod located at the rear. The transmission plate and the sampling tube are connected by sliding up and down. The upper end of the vertical section of the transmission plate slides up and down to pass through the upper end of the sampling tube and is fixedly installed with a separation block. The rear end of the separation block is set to a trapezoidal structure that cooperates with the horizontal section of the elastic locking rod.

5. A sampling device for detecting water environment in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the elastic anti-bottoming rod is set as a conical structure, and the elastic anti-bottoming rod is evenly arranged along the circumference of the sampling tube; a support plate is fixedly installed on the lower outer side of the elastic anti-bottoming rod.

6. A sampling device for detecting water environment in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting group includes a water inlet cylinder fixedly installed between opposite sides of a plurality of elastic anti-bottoming rods through a connecting rod, a water inlet pipe fixedly installed on the lower outer side of the water inlet cylinder, a telescopic ring slidably installed on the upper end of the water inlet cylinder through a top extension spring, a connecting ring fixedly installed on the upper end of the telescopic ring, a round rod fixedly installed on the middle part of the upper side of the inner bottom wall of the water inlet cylinder, and a sealing plate for closing the connecting ring fixedly installed on the upper end of the round rod.

7. A sampling device for detecting water environment in arid areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sliding rod is concentrically arranged in the water inlet pipe. The outer side of the sliding rod is radially slidably connected to the inner wall of the water inlet pipe through a connecting block. A reset spring is connected between the connecting block and the water inlet pipe. A sealing plate 2 for closing the water inlet pipe is fixedly installed at one end of the sliding rod away from the middle of the water inlet cylinder. An L-shaped plate is fixedly installed on the inner side of the telescopic ring at the position corresponding to the sliding rod. The lower ends of the vertical sections of the multiple L-shaped plates are all arranged on opposite sides with inclined surfaces that match the sliding rod.

8. A sampling device for detecting water environment in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A float depth-setting unlocking unit is installed on the front piston extraction member, and the float depth-setting unlocking unit is used to control the front piston extraction member to extract water samples of corresponding depth first.

9. A sampling device for detecting water environment in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A counterweight is installed on the front side of the upper end of the sampling tube. When no samples are taken from the front and rear sampling cavities, the counterweight makes the center of mass of the sampling tube evenly distributed and the sampling tube is in a vertical state.

Images