Shell heat dissipation structure and battery heat dissipation system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery heat management, in particular to a shell heat dissipation structure and a battery heat dissipation system.The shell heat dissipation structure comprises a shell, a heat exchange device, a first heat exchange cavity and a second heat exchange cavity, the heat exchange device is provided with a hot end and a cold end, the hot end faces the shell, the first heat exchange cavity is arranged at the cold end of the heat exchange device, and the second heat exchange cavity is arranged at the cold end of the heat exchange device; the cold end cools liquid flowing through the first heat exchange cavity; the second heat exchange cavity is formed in the shell, and liquid flowing through the second heat exchange cavity is used for taking away heat transferred by the hot end of the heat exchange device to the shell. The second heat exchange cavity is arranged, heat transferred to the shell by the hot end of the heat exchange device is taken away, and the risk of thermal failure of circuits and electrical elements caused by rising of the external temperature of the shell is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery thermal management, and in particular to a shell heat dissipation structure and a battery heat dissipation system. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of new energy vehicles and the improvement of the energy density of power batteries, how to effectively dissipate heat from the power batteries of high-power vehicles has gradually become a major difficulty restricting the improvement of the power of travel tools.

[0003] In known packaging structures of power batteries, the power battery module usually dissipates heat through the module outer box. However, the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery cells using this heat dissipation structure is not satisfactory.

[0004] Since there are many circuits and electrical components wrapped around or attached to the battery pack packaging structure, and since the battery pack packaging structure has strong thermal conductivity, higher requirements are placed on the heat resistance of cables and electrical components.

[0005] In addition, some battery cooling systems use semiconductor coolers for heat dissipation. Since the hot surface of the semiconductor cooler needs to be cooled, a heat conducting device is designed to transfer the heat from the hot surface to the battery pack casing. In the initial design, only the heat pipe on the heat conducting device was designed. However, this design has two shortcomings. First, the heat pipe has limited effect and cannot dissipate heat efficiently. Second, the heat pipe dissipates heat due to contact with the battery pack shell, causing the external temperature of the battery pack shell to rise. When laying out electrical components and circuits, they are all placed on the upper side of the battery pack near the heat pipe, so there is a risk of thermal failure of the circuits and electrical components. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the problem in the prior art that the heat dissipation effect of the shell is poor and may even cause failure of electrical components, the present invention provides a shell heat dissipation structure and a battery heat dissipation system with improved heat dissipation effect.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0008] A shell heat dissipation structure, comprising:

[0009] case,

[0010] A heat exchange device, wherein the heat exchange device has a hot end and a cold end, wherein the hot end faces the shell,

[0011] A first heat exchange cavity, wherein the first heat exchange cavity is arranged at the cold end of the heat exchange device, and the cold end cools the liquid flowing through the first heat exchange cavity;

[0012] The second heat exchange cavity is arranged on the shell, and the liquid flowing through the second heat exchange cavity is used to take away the heat transferred from the hot end of the heat exchange device to the shell.

[0013] Furthermore, the side wall of the second heat exchange chamber is provided with water drop-shaped protrusions for sufficient heat exchange with the liquid. The protrusions are arranged in a staggered manner, and the heads of the water drop-shaped protrusions are located in front of the tails of the water drop-shaped protrusions along the flow direction of the liquid.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes an auxiliary cooling device with an opening, the opening of the auxiliary cooling device faces the shell and is fixedly connected to the shell, and the auxiliary cooling device and the shell together form the second heat exchange chamber.

[0015] Furthermore, the protrusion is integrally formed on the shell. A portion of the existing shell is hollowed out to form a plane, and the plane is provided with a protrusion, thereby forming one of the side walls of the second heat exchange chamber. In this way, the liquid directly contacts the shell, resulting in high heat exchange efficiency and good cooling effect.

[0016] Furthermore, a sealing structure is provided between the auxiliary cooling device and the housing. The auxiliary cooling device is directly mounted on the housing through the sealing structure and is sealed, which facilitates installation and removal.

[0017] Furthermore, the housing is provided with a first heat dissipation rib, and the auxiliary cooling device is provided with a second heat dissipation rib on its outer side. The second heat dissipation rib can enhance the heat dissipation and further improve the cooling effect.

[0018] Furthermore, the heat exchange device is also connected to a heat dissipation pipe, and the shell protrudes outward at a position corresponding to the heat dissipation pipe, so that the heat dissipation pipe is in close contact with the shell.

[0019] A battery heat dissipation system includes the above-mentioned housing heat dissipation structure, and further includes:

[0020] water tank;

[0021] A radiator is provided on one side of the battery to dissipate heat from the battery;

[0022] A circulation loop is formed by connecting the water tank, the first heat exchange chamber and the radiator.

[0023] Furthermore, the second heat exchange chamber and the first heat exchange chamber are connected in parallel in a circulation loop.

[0024] Furthermore, the windward side of the water tank is provided with an air cooling grille.

[0025] Beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The present invention provides a second heat exchange chamber to remove the heat transferred from the hot end of the heat exchange device to the shell, thereby reducing the risk of thermal failure of circuits and electrical components due to the increase in the external temperature of the shell;

[0027] (2) A portion of the shell is used as one side of the second heat exchange chamber, and an auxiliary cooling device is added to enclose the shell to form the second heat exchange chamber. The shell is in direct contact with the liquid, and the cooling effect is good;

[0028] (3) Water drop-shaped heat exchange protrusions are directly on the shell. The protrusions are staggered, and the head of the water drop-shaped protrusion is located in front of the tail of the water drop-shaped protrusion along the flow direction of the liquid. On the one hand, the contact area between the water drop-shaped protrusion and the liquid is large, which increases the heat exchange efficiency; on the other hand, the water drop-shaped protrusion has a better diversion effect, and the flow rate increases after diversion, which takes away heat faster;

[0029] (4) A sealing structure is provided at the opening of the auxiliary cooling device. The opening of the auxiliary cooling device faces the shell and is fixedly connected to the shell. While ensuring the sealing effect, it is easy to install, disassemble and repair;

[0030] (5) The heat dissipation system of the present invention adds an auxiliary cooling device on the basis of the original circulation pipeline, which is equivalent to adding a branch for cooling the shell, which is easy to implement and control, and can realize the diversification of battery pack functions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the battery heat dissipation system of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a front structural schematic diagram of the housing of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the battery heat dissipation system with the housing omitted;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the battery cooling system with the housing and water tank omitted;

[0036] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the shell heat dissipation structure with the shell omitted;

[0037] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchange device;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the auxiliary cooling device;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the inner structure of the auxiliary cooling device;

[0040] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of the water tank;

[0041] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the radiator.

[0042] 1. Shell, 1-1, protrusion, 1-2, first heat dissipation rib, 2. Heat exchange device, 3. First heat exchange cavity, 4. Auxiliary cooling device, 4-1, second heat dissipation rib, 5. Heat dissipation pipe, 6. Water tank, 7. Radiator, 8. Air cooling grille. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0045] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The technology, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments can have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0047] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0048] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] like Figures 1 to 8, is a shell heat dissipation structure of the present invention, including a shell 1, a heat exchange device 2, a first heat exchange cavity 3 and a second heat exchange cavity. The heat exchange device 2 has a hot end and a cold end, the hot end faces the shell 1, and the first heat exchange cavity 3 is arranged at the cold end of the heat exchange device 2. The cold end cools the liquid flowing through the first heat exchange cavity 3; the second heat exchange cavity is arranged on the shell 1, and the liquid flowing through the second heat exchange cavity is used to take away the heat transferred from the hot end of the heat exchange device 2 to the shell 1.

[0050] In the present invention, heat exchange device 2 may be, but is not limited to, a semiconductor cooler. A semiconductor cooler is a device with one cold side and one hot side. When one side cools, the other side heats up, resulting in extremely high single-sided cooling efficiency. In this embodiment, the cold side of the semiconductor cooler contacts the first heat exchange chamber 3, while the hot side dissipates heat through the second heat exchange chamber.

[0051] The side wall of the second heat exchange chamber is provided with water drop-shaped protrusions 1-1 for sufficient heat exchange with the liquid. The protrusions 1-1 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the heads of the water drop-shaped protrusions 1-1 are located in front of the tails of the water drop-shaped protrusions 1-1 along the flow direction of the liquid.

[0052] The second heat exchange chamber adopts a water-cooling method and can adopt a fluid channel with a flat side. Preferably, the side directly adopts the outer surface of the shell 1. Specifically, it also includes an auxiliary cooling device 4 with an opening. The auxiliary cooling device 4 opens toward the shell 1 and is fixedly connected to the shell 1. The auxiliary cooling device 4 and the shell 1 together form a second heat exchange chamber. Furthermore, the protrusion 1-1 is integrally formed on the shell 1. A sealing structure is provided between the auxiliary cooling device 4 and the shell 1, which can be optionally but not limited to a sealing ring. The auxiliary cooling device 4 is fixed to the shell 1 by screws. The open side of the auxiliary cooling device 4 is in contact with the shell 1 to form a second heat exchange chamber. The chamber can accommodate cooling water, and the protrusion 1-1 is provided on the outer surface of the shell 1. On the one hand, it can fully utilize the space, and on the other hand, it can increase the contact area with the semiconductor cooler and improve the heat dissipation efficiency. In this application, the second heat exchange chamber is provided on both sides of the shell 1, but this does not mean that two second heat exchange chambers must be used. One or more second heat exchange chambers can be flexibly provided according to different heat dissipation requirements.

[0053] The heat exchange device 2 is also connected to a heat dissipation pipe 5. Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, a heat conduction device for heat transfer is provided outside the hot surface of the semiconductor cooler. One side of this heat conduction device contacts the hot surface, while the other side contacts the auxiliary cooling device. A plurality of heat dissipation pipes 5 are positioned above the heat conduction device. Coolant is enclosed within the heat dissipation pipes 5, and the continuous boiling of the coolant assists in removing some heat. The housing 1 includes outward protrusions corresponding to the heat dissipation pipes 5 to accommodate the heat dissipation pipes 5 and provide a larger contact area with the heat dissipation pipes 5. The housing 1 is provided with a first heat dissipation rib 1-1. The angle between the first heat dissipation rib 1-1 and the bottom surface of the housing is generally between 30-45°. A too small angle will cause air to pass through the heat dissipation bar too quickly, preventing turbulence from forming. A too large angle will cause heat to accumulate, both of which are detrimental to heat dissipation. A second heat dissipation rib 4-1 is provided outside the auxiliary cooling device 4.

[0054] The auxiliary cooling device 4 of the present invention is used to take away most of the heat, which not only ensures the heat dissipation efficiency but also reduces the risk of thermal failure of cables and electrical components.

[0055] like Figures 1 to 10 The present invention also provides a battery cooling system comprising the aforementioned housing heat dissipation structure. Housing 1 is a battery housing and further includes a water tank 6, a radiator 7, and a circulation loop. Water tank 6 has a chamber for storing cooling water and a liquid inlet on one side for replenishing cooling water. A cooling grille 8 is provided on the windward side of water tank 6 and disposed on the outer surface of the cooling water tank. In certain situations where space is limited, the cooling grille can be replaced by another active cooling mechanism, such as an active cooling fan.

[0056] Radiator 7 is located on one side of the battery to dissipate heat. It can be a hollow plate-like structure, or fluid conduits can be routed within the hollow portion, arranged in a "U"-shaped configuration to maximize contact area and achieve uniform heat dissipation. The heat dissipation plate of radiator 7 is in close contact with the mounting base of the battery module.

[0057] The circulation loop is formed by connecting the water tank 6, the first heat exchange chamber 3 and the radiator 7. The second heat exchange chamber is connected in parallel with the first heat exchange chamber 3 in the circulation loop.

[0058] Working principle:

[0059] The cooling water enters the water tank 6, which has its own air-cooling grille. After preliminary cooling of the cooling water, it flows into the first heat exchange chamber 3. After the two first heat exchange chambers 3 arranged on both sides of the battery box body fully dissipate the heat of the cooling water, the cooling water flows into the three radiators 7, takes away the internal heat of the battery cell and then flows back to the water tank 6, and the cycle repeats.

[0060] In addition, the cold surface of the semiconductor refrigerator in this solution can be used not only for cooling but also for heating. For example, in winter, the battery cells need to be preheated before the vehicle can be started stably. At this time, the auxiliary cooling device can be suspended first while the semiconductor refrigerator works, and the cold surface generates heat, which drives the cooling water to warm up, thereby preheating the battery pack. Optionally, a solenoid valve or other valve component can be installed on the pipeline connected to the second heat exchange chamber of the auxiliary cooling device to achieve the closure of the auxiliary cooling device. Of course, a solenoid valve or other valve component can also be installed on the pipeline connected to the first heat exchange chamber 3. At this time, the auxiliary cooling device is running and the semiconductor refrigerator is working at the same time. The pipeline where the first heat exchange chamber 3 is located is closed, and the cold surface of the semiconductor refrigerator is cooling. In this way, the hot surface drives the cooling water in the second heat exchange chamber to warm up, thereby preheating the battery pack, and at the same time, the shell can be cooled. In summary, the switching of cooling or heating mode can be achieved according to actual needs.

[0061] The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A housing heat dissipation structure, characterized in that: include: housing (1), A heat exchange device (2), wherein the heat exchange device (2) has a hot end and a cold end, wherein the hot end faces the housing (1), A first heat exchange cavity (3), wherein the first heat exchange cavity (3) is arranged at a cold end of the heat exchange device (2), and the cold end cools the liquid flowing through the first heat exchange cavity (3); A second heat exchange chamber is provided on the shell (1), and liquid flowing through the second heat exchange chamber is used to carry away heat transferred from the hot end of the heat exchange device (2) to the shell (1).

2. The housing heat dissipation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the second heat exchange chamber is provided with water drop-shaped protrusions (1-1) for fully exchanging heat with the liquid. The protrusions (1-1) are arranged in a staggered manner, and the heads of the water drop-shaped protrusions (1-1) are located in front of the tails of the water drop-shaped protrusions (1-1) along the flow direction of the liquid.

3. The housing heat dissipation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an auxiliary cooling device (4) with an opening, the auxiliary cooling device (4) opening facing the shell (1) and fixedly connected to the shell (1), and the auxiliary cooling device (4) and the shell (1) together form the second heat exchange cavity.

4. The housing heat dissipation structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protrusion (1-1) is integrally formed on the shell (1).

5. The housing heat dissipation structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing structure is provided between the auxiliary cooling device (4) and the housing (1).

6. The housing heat dissipation structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shell (1) is provided with a first heat dissipation rib (1-1), and the outer side of the auxiliary cooling device (4) is provided with a second heat dissipation rib (4-2).

7. The housing heat dissipation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange device (2) is also connected to a heat dissipation pipe (5), and the housing (1) protrudes outward at a position corresponding to the heat dissipation pipe (5), so that the heat dissipation pipe (5) and the housing (1) are in close contact.

8. A battery cooling system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing heat dissipation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the housing (1) is a battery housing, and further comprises: Water tank (6); A radiator (7), the radiator (7) being arranged on one side of the battery and used for dissipating heat from the battery; A circulation loop is formed by connecting the water tank (6), the first heat exchange chamber (3) and the radiator (7).

9. A battery cooling system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second heat exchange chamber and the first heat exchange chamber (3) are connected in parallel in a circulation loop.

10. The battery cooling system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The windward side of the water tank (6) is provided with an air cooling grille (8).

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