Phase shifter and base station antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to a phase shifter and a base station antenna. The phase shifter comprises a circuit board (10) and a cavity (20), the circuit board (10) is located in the cavity (20), and the circuit board (10) is provided with a grounding connection end (11) and signal connection ends (12) of a plurality of phase shift circuits; the conductive part (70) is arranged in the cavity wall of the cavity (20) in a penetrating manner, and a part of structure of the conductive part (70) is electrically connected with the grounding connection end (11) of the circuit board (10); wherein the cavity (20) is provided with a cavity avoiding hole (22), and the cavity avoiding hole (22) is arranged opposite to the signal connecting end (12) and the grounding connecting end (11), so that the signal connecting end (12) and the grounding connecting end (11) are exposed from the cavity avoiding hole (22). According to the phase shifter and the base station antenna, electroplating-free effect can be realized, the occupied space is small, and the layout of the whole machine can be simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antenna communications, and in particular to a phase shifter and a base station antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the development of antenna technology, miniaturization has become a trend in base station antennas. The phase-shifted feeder is a core component of base station antennas. Electrical signals enter the corresponding antenna channel through the phase-shifted feeder to achieve signal radiation.

[0003] Currently, phase-shift feeders typically consist of a phase shifter and a feed network. The phase shifter and feed network are typically connected via coaxial cable. During production, the phase shifter cavity undergoes an electroplating process, and during assembly, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to the phase shifter cavity using induction welding. However, this connection method presents challenges: the coaxial cable occupies a large space and is difficult to lay out. Furthermore, the wastewater generated by electroplating pollutes the environment and results in high production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a phase shifter and base station antenna that is free of electroplating, occupies a small space, and can simplify the overall layout.

[0005] In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a phase shifter, wherein the phase shifter is configured as a phase shifter of a stripline transmission line, and the phase shifter includes:

[0006] A circuit board and a cavity, wherein the circuit board is located in the cavity and is provided with a ground connection terminal and signal connection terminals of a plurality of phase shift circuits; and

[0007] A conductive member is provided through the cavity wall of the cavity, and a part of the conductive member is electrically connected to the ground connection terminal of the circuit board;

[0008] Wherein, a cavity avoidance hole is provided on the cavity, and the cavity avoidance hole is arranged opposite to the signal connection terminal and the ground connection terminal, so that the signal connection terminal and the ground connection terminal are exposed from the cavity avoidance hole.

[0009] In one embodiment, the circuit board is further provided with a plurality of circuit board metal vias, the circuit board metal vias being electrically connected to the ground connection terminal of the circuit board, and the cavity is provided with conductive member mounting holes at positions corresponding to the circuit board metal vias;

[0010] The conductive member passes through the conductive member mounting hole and is inserted into the metal via hole of the circuit board to electrically connect the cavity and the metal via hole of the circuit board.

[0011] In one embodiment, a circuit board grounding conductor is further provided on the surface of the circuit board, and the ground connection end of the circuit board is electrically connected to the circuit board grounding conductor;

[0012] The metal via of the circuit board is electrically connected to the ground connection terminal through the circuit board ground conductor;

[0013] The conductive member is connected to the ground conductor of the circuit board by welding.

[0014] In one embodiment, the cavity includes a first cavity wall and a second cavity wall disposed opposite to each other;

[0015] The conductive member installation hole is opened on the first cavity wall, and an operation hole for the welding connection to perform welding operation is also opened on the second cavity wall at a position corresponding to the conductive member installation hole.

[0016] In one embodiment, a plug hole is provided on the circuit board, and the signal connection terminal and the ground connection terminal are arranged around the plug hole.

[0017] In one embodiment, the phase shifter also includes a transfer circuit board based on the microstrip transmission line principle, which is plugged into the circuit board and used to be plugged into the feed base plate of the radiating unit. The transfer circuit board is configured to electrically connect the ground connection end of the circuit board and the ground end of the feed base plate, and to electrically connect the signal connection end of the circuit board and the feed end of the feed base plate.

[0018] In one embodiment, the adapter circuit board includes a plurality of first pins and second pins arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, the first pins are provided with a first ground pad and a first feed pad, the second pins are provided with a second ground pad and a second feed pad, each first ground pad is electrically connected to each second ground pad, and the second feed pads and the second feed pads of the first pins and the second pins corresponding to each other are electrically connected;

[0019] The first pin is used to be plugged into the feed base plate of the radiation unit, so that the first ground pad and the first feed pad are respectively welded to the corresponding ground terminal and the corresponding feed terminal on the feed base plate;

[0020] The second pin passes through the cavity wall of the cavity and is plugged into the circuit board. The second ground pad and the second feed pad are respectively welded to the corresponding ground connection terminal and the corresponding signal connection terminal of the circuit board.

[0021] In one embodiment, the second ground pad and the second feed pad of the second pin are respectively located on the surfaces of two opposite sides of the second pin, and a second pin socket for inserting the second pin is provided between the signal connection terminal and the ground connection terminal corresponding to the second pin on the circuit board.

[0022] In one embodiment, the second pin passes through the cavity avoidance hole and is inserted into the corresponding second pin insertion hole.

[0023] In one embodiment, the first ground pad and the first feeding pad of the first pin are respectively located on surfaces of two opposite sides of the first pin.

[0024] In one embodiment, the adapter circuit board includes an adapter sub-board and a feed sub-board plugged into each other;

[0025] The first pin is provided on the transfer daughter board, and the transfer daughter board is further provided with a transfer daughter board pin 1 and a transfer daughter board pin 2. The transfer daughter board pin 1 is provided with a transfer daughter board soldering pad 1, and the transfer daughter board pin 2 is provided with a transfer daughter board soldering pad 2;

[0026] The second pin is provided on the feed board, and the feed board is further provided with a plurality of feed board pins corresponding to the second pins one by one, and each feed board pin is provided with a feed board soldering pad 1 and a feed board soldering pad 2;

[0027] In the adapter daughter board, the first ground pad is electrically connected to the first adapter daughter board pad, and the first feed pad is electrically connected to the second adapter daughter board pad;

[0028] In one of the feed board pins of the feed board, feed board pad 1 is electrically connected to the adapter sub-board pad 1 of the corresponding adapter sub-board, and is electrically connected to the second ground pad of the corresponding second pin; feed board pad 2 is electrically connected to the adapter sub-board pad 2 of the corresponding adapter sub-board, and is electrically connected to the second feed pad of the corresponding second pin.

[0029] In one embodiment, the adapter daughter board further includes an adapter daughter board body, and the first pin, the adapter daughter board pin 1, and the adapter daughter board pin 2 are all connected to the adapter daughter board body;

[0030] Two opposite surfaces of the adapter sub-board body are respectively provided with an adapter sub-board grounding conductor and an adapter sub-board feeding circuit;

[0031] The first ground pad and the first transfer daughter board pad are both electrically connected to the transfer daughter board ground conductor; the first feed pad and the second transfer daughter board pad are both electrically connected to the transfer daughter board feed circuit.

[0032] In one embodiment, the second transfer daughter board pad is electrically connected to the transfer daughter board feeding circuit through a metallized via, and the first transfer daughter board pad and the second transfer daughter board pad are located on the same side of the transfer daughter board.

[0033] In one embodiment, the electron feed board further includes a electron feed board body, and the second pin and the electron feed board pin are both connected to the electron feed board body;

[0034] Two opposite surfaces of the feeder board body are respectively provided with a feeder board grounding conductor and a plurality of feeder board feeding circuits;

[0035] Each second ground pad and each feed board pad 1 are electrically connected to the feed board ground conductor; among the corresponding feed board pins and second pins, the feed board pad 2 is electrically connected to the second feed pad through a feed board feeding circuit.

[0036] In one embodiment, the first feed board pad is electrically connected to the feed board ground conductor through a metallized via, so that the first feed board pad and the second feed board pad on the feed board pin are located on the same side of the feed board.

[0037] In one embodiment, one of the feeder board pins of the feeder board is plug-connected to the adapter board pin 1 and the adapter board pin 2 of the corresponding adapter board;

[0038] The first solder pad of the feeder board is connected to the first solder pad of the corresponding adapter daughter board by welding, and the second solder pad of the feeder board is connected to the second solder pad of the corresponding adapter daughter board by welding.

[0039] In one embodiment, a circuit board grounding conductor and a plurality of phase shifting circuits are further provided on the surface of the circuit board;

[0040] The ground connection terminal of each circuit board is electrically connected to the circuit board ground conductor;

[0041] The signal connection end of each phase shift circuit is electrically connected to the phase shift circuit in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0042] In one embodiment, the circuit board is further provided with an input connection terminal, and the input connection terminal is electrically connected to each phase shift circuit;

[0043] A cavity opening is provided on the cavity at a position corresponding to the input connection end.

[0044] In one embodiment, the number of the cavity, the number of the circuit board, and the number of the adapter circuit board are all two;

[0045] Each group of corresponding cavities, circuit boards and adapter circuit boards corresponds to a polarization direction of the radiation unit.

[0046] An embodiment of the present application further provides a base station antenna, comprising a radiation unit, a reflection plate, and the phase shifter as described above, wherein the radiation unit and the phase shifter are located on different sides of the reflection plate.

[0047] Beneficial effects of the above-mentioned phase shifter and base station antenna:

[0048] By setting a conductive part, the conductive part is penetrated in the cavity wall, and part of the structure is in contact with the ground connection end of the circuit board. The conductive part is in contact with the ground connection end and the cavity at the same time, so that the ground connection end and the cavity are electrically connected, thereby electrically connecting the ground end of the feed base plate to the cavity.

[0049] The cavity is also provided with a cavity avoidance hole, which is arranged opposite the signal connection terminal and the ground connection terminal so that the signal connection terminal and the ground connection terminal are exposed through the cavity avoidance hole. Therefore, for the stripline transmission line phase shifter, when electrically connecting to an external microstrip transmission line device, such as the feed base of a radiating unit, it is sufficient to pass the feed end of the external microstrip transmission line device through the cavity avoidance hole to connect to the signal connection terminal, and the ground end of the external microstrip transmission line device through the cavity avoidance hole to electrically connect to the ground connection terminal. This avoids the use of coaxial cable, achieves a high degree of integration, occupies less space, and can simplify the overall layout. In addition, it also reduces signal transmission loss and improves the stability of signal transmission between the phase shifter and the external microstrip transmission device, such as the feed base of the radiating unit.

[0050] Furthermore, the cavity can be electroplated-free, reducing process costs associated with electroplating. It also solves the problem of feed network deformation and damage caused by electroplating, improving product yields. This also meets the requirements of high-efficiency, low-carbon, and green development of base stations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the phase shifter and the radiating unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a circuit board in a phase shifter provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the front and back sides of the feed sub-board in the phase shifter provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of the cavity of the phase shifter provided in an embodiment of the present application observed from another angle;

[0055] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram when the cavity is viewed from the side of the first cavity wall;

[0056] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram when the cavity is viewed from the side of the second cavity wall;

[0057] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the front and back structures of the adapter daughter board in the phase shifter provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the cooperation between the transfer sub-board and the feed sub-board in the phase shifter provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a base station antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0060] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0061] 100, phase shifter;

[0062] 10. Circuit board; 11. Ground connection terminal; 12. Signal connection terminal; 13. Phase shift circuit; 14. Circuit board metal via; 15. Circuit board ground conductor; 16. First cavity wall; 17. Second cavity wall; 171. Operation hole; 18. Second pin socket; 180. Socket hole; 19. Input connection terminal;

[0063] 20. Cavity; 21. Conductor mounting hole; 22. Cavity avoidance hole; 23. Cavity opening;

[0064] 30. Transfer circuit board; 31. First pin; 311. First ground pad; 312. First feed pad; 32. Second pin; 321. Second ground pad; 322. Second feed pad;

[0065] 40. Feeding base plate; 41. Grounding terminal; 42. Feeding terminal; 43. First pin jack;

[0066] 50, transfer daughter board; 500, transfer daughter board body; 501, transfer daughter board ground conductor; 502, transfer daughter board feed circuit; 51, transfer daughter board pin 1; 510, transfer daughter board pad 1; 52, transfer daughter board pin 2; 520, transfer daughter board pad 2; 521, metallized via;

[0067] 60, feeder board; 600, feeder board body; 61, feeder board pin; 610, feeder board pin jack; 611, feeder board solder pad 1; 612, feeder board solder pad 2; 620, feeder board ground conductor; 630, feeder board feeding circuit;

[0068] 70. Conductive parts;

[0069] 200, base station antenna;

[0070] 210. Radiating unit; 220. Reflecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth numerous specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0072] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0073] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0074] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components, or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0075] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0076] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation methods.

[0077] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the phase shifter and the radiating unit provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a circuit board in a phase shifter provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the front and back sides of the feed sub-board in the phase shifter provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of the cavity of the phase shifter provided in an embodiment of the present application observed from another angle; Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram when the cavity is viewed from the side of the first cavity wall; Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram when the cavity is viewed from the side of the second cavity wall; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the front and back structures of the adapter daughter board in the phase shifter provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooperation between the transfer sub-board and the feed sub-board in the phase shifter provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0078] The phase shifter and base station antenna according to the embodiment of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0079] In the present application, refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 The phase shifter 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application is configured as a phase shifter of a stripline transmission line. The phase shifter 100 includes: a circuit board 10, a cavity 20 and a conductive member 70. It is understood that for ease of observation, the cavity 20 is omitted and illustrated in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0080] A circuit board 10 is positioned within a cavity 20 and is provided with a ground connection terminal 11 and signal connection terminals 12 for multiple phase-shifting circuits. A conductive member 70 is disposed within the cavity wall of the cavity 20, and a portion of the conductive member is electrically connected to the ground connection terminal 11 of the circuit board 10. A cavity avoidance hole 22 is provided in the cavity 20, positioned opposite the signal connection terminal 12 and the ground connection terminal 11, allowing the signal connection terminal 12 and the ground connection terminal 11 to be exposed through the cavity avoidance hole 22.

[0081] By setting a conductive member 70, the conductive member 70 is penetrated in the cavity wall of the cavity 20, and part of the structure is electrically connected to the ground connection terminal 11 of the circuit board 10. The conductive member 70 is electrically connected to the ground connection terminal 11 and the cavity 20 at the same time, so that the ground connection terminal 11 and the cavity 20 are electrically connected, thereby enabling the ground terminal 41 of the feed base plate 40 to be electrically connected to the cavity 20.

[0082] The cavity 20 is provided with a cavity avoidance hole 22, which is arranged opposite the signal connection terminal 12 and the ground connection terminal 11 so that the signal connection terminal 12 and the ground connection terminal 11 are exposed through the cavity avoidance hole 22. Therefore, for the stripline transmission line phase shifter 100, when electrically connecting to an external microstrip transmission line device, such as the feed base plate 40 of the radiating unit 210, it is sufficient to pass the feed end of the external microstrip transmission line device through the cavity avoidance hole 22 to connect to the signal connection terminal 12, and the ground end of the external microstrip transmission line device through the cavity avoidance hole 22 to electrically connect to the ground connection terminal 11. This avoids the use of coaxial cables, achieves a high degree of integration, occupies less space, and simplifies the overall layout. Furthermore, it reduces signal transmission loss and improves the stability of signal transmission between the phase shifter and an external microstrip transmission device, such as the feed base plate 40 of the radiating unit.

[0083] On the other hand, the cavity 20 can be electroplated-free, reducing the process cost caused by electroplating, solving the problem of deformation and damage to the feed network caused by electroplating, and improving the yield rate. This also meets the requirements of high-efficiency, low-carbon, and green development of base stations.

[0084] Further, refer to Figure 2 The circuit board 10 is provided with a plug hole 180, and the signal connection terminal 12 and the ground connection terminal 11 are arranged around the plug hole 180. In this way, when the connection terminal of an external microstrip transmission line principle device is inserted into the plug hole 180, the feeding terminal of the external microstrip transmission line principle device is connected to the signal connection terminal 12, and the ground terminal of the external microstrip transmission line principle device is electrically connected to the ground connection terminal 11.

[0085] In this embodiment of the present application, the phase shifter 100 further includes a microstrip transmission line principle adapter circuit board 30. The adapter circuit board is plugged into the circuit board 10 and is used to be plugged into the feed base plate 40 of the radiating element 210. The adapter circuit board 30 is configured to electrically connect the ground connection terminal 11 of the circuit board 10 to the ground terminal 41 of the feed base plate 40, and to electrically connect the signal connection terminal 12 of the circuit board 10 to the feed terminal 42 of the feed base plate 40.

[0086] The adapter circuit board 30 is used to electrically connect the ground connection terminal 11 of the circuit board 10 to the ground terminal 41 of the feed base plate 40, and to electrically connect the signal connection terminal 12 of the circuit board 10 to the feed terminal 42 of the feed base plate 40, thereby achieving an electrical connection between the feed base plate 40 and the circuit board 10. In addition, the conductive member 70 is inserted into the cavity wall of the cavity 20, and a portion of the structure is electrically connected to the ground connection terminal 11 of the circuit board 10. The conductive member 70 is also electrically connected to the ground connection terminal 11 and the cavity 20, so that the ground connection terminal 11 and the cavity 20 are electrically connected, thereby electrically connecting the ground connection terminal 41 of the feed base plate 40 to the cavity 20.

[0087] Thus, the electrical connection between the feed substrate 40 and the phase shifter 100 can be achieved solely through the adapter circuit board 30 and the conductive member 70, eliminating the need for coaxial cables. This results in a high level of integration, a small footprint, and a simplified overall layout. Furthermore, this reduces signal transmission losses and improves the stability of signal transmission between the phase shifter and the radiating element. Furthermore, the electrical connection via the adapter circuit board 30 facilitates automated manufacturing processes, significantly improving the accuracy and consistency of the resulting antenna.

[0088] Of course, this application uses the example of an adapter circuit board 30 based on the microstrip transmission line principle to achieve the electrical connection between the feed base plate 40 and the phase shifter 100. However, this application is not limited to this embodiment, and the feed base plate 40 and the circuit board 10 can also be directly connected. For example, the ground terminal 41 of the feed base plate 40 is directly electrically connected to the ground connection terminal 11 of the circuit board 10 through welding, and the feed terminal 42 of the feed base plate 40 is directly electrically connected to the signal connection terminal 12 of the circuit board 10 through welding.

[0089] In an embodiment of the present application, the adapter circuit board 30 includes a plurality of first pins 31 and second pins 32 that are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The first pin 31 is provided with a first ground pad 311 and a first feed pad 312, and the second pin 32 is provided with a second ground pad 321 and a second feed pad 322. Each first ground pad 311 is electrically connected to each second ground pad 321, and the second feed pad 322 in the first pin 31 and the second pin 32 corresponding to each other is electrically connected.

[0090] The first pin 31 is used to be plugged into the feeding base plate 40 of the radiation unit 210 so that the first ground pad 311 and the first feeding pad 312 are respectively welded to the corresponding ground terminal 41 and the corresponding feeding terminal 42 on the feeding base plate 40 .

[0091] The second pin 32 passes through the cavity wall of the cavity 20 and is plugged into the circuit board 10 . The second ground pad 321 and the second feed pad 322 are respectively welded to the corresponding ground connection terminal 11 and the corresponding signal connection terminal 12 of the circuit board 10 .

[0092] The first pin 31 of the adapter circuit board 30 is used to be plugged into the feeding base plate 40 of the radiation unit 210, so that the first grounding pad 311 is welded to the corresponding grounding terminal 41 on the feeding base plate 40, and the second pin 32 of the adapter circuit board 30 is plugged into the circuit board 10, and the second grounding pad 321 is welded to the corresponding grounding connection terminal 11 of the circuit board 10. Since each first grounding pad 311 is electrically connected to each second grounding pad 321, the electrical connection between the grounding terminal 41 of the feeding base plate 40 and the grounding connection terminal 11 of the circuit board 10 can be achieved. The first pin 31 of the adapter circuit board 30 is used to be plugged into the feeding base plate 40 of the radiation unit 210, so that the first feeding pad 312 is welded to the corresponding feeding end 42 on the feeding base plate 40, and the second pin 32 of the adapter circuit board 30 is plugged into the circuit board 10, and the second grounding pad 321 is welded to the corresponding signal connection end 12 of the circuit board 10, and the first feeding pad 312 and the second feeding pad 322 of the corresponding first pin 31 and second pin 32 are electrically connected, thereby realizing the electrical connection between the feeding end 42 of the feeding base plate 40 and the signal connection end 12 of the circuit board 10.

[0093] Therefore, the electrical connection between the feed base plate 40 and the circuit board 10 in the phase shifter 100 can be achieved only through the adapter circuit board 30 , avoiding the use of a coaxial cable.

[0094] The circuit board 10 can be fixedly connected to the inside of the cavity 20. Multiple phase-shifting circuits 13 can be provided on the circuit board 10. The phase shifter 100 can also include a movable dielectric plate (not shown). The movable dielectric plate can move relative to the circuit board 10, and the phase shifting function is achieved by changing the contact area between the phase-shifting dielectric plate and the phase-shifting circuits 13.

[0095] In the embodiment of the present application, the connection between the phase shifter 100 and two dual-polarized radiating units 210 is taken as an example for description. The case where the number of radiating units 210 is greater is similar and will not be described again here.

[0096] In the embodiment of this application, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 The circuit board 10 is also provided with a plurality of circuit board metal vias 14, which are electrically connected to the ground connection terminal 11 of the circuit board 10, and the cavity 20 is provided with a conductive member mounting hole 21 at a position corresponding to the circuit board metal via 14.

[0097] The conductive member 70 passes through the conductive member mounting hole 21 and is inserted into the metal via 14 of the circuit board to electrically connect the cavity 20 and the metal via 14 of the circuit board.

[0098] In this way, the electrical connection between the ground connection terminal 11 of the circuit board 10 and the cavity 20 is achieved through the conductive member 70. Furthermore, the ground terminal 41 of the feed base plate 40 is connected to the ground connection terminal 11 of the circuit board 10 through the first pin 31 and the second pin 32, and finally to the cavity 20. Compared with the related art of connecting via coaxial cable, the cavity 20 can be electroplated-free, reducing the process cost caused by electroplating, and solving the problem of deformation and damage to the feed network caused by electroplating, thereby improving the yield rate. This also meets the requirements of efficient, low-carbon, and green development of base stations.

[0099] For example, the conductive member mounting hole 21 can be threadedly connected to the conductive member 70 , which can improve the connection strength between the two and also play a role in mechanical fixation.

[0100] In addition, a circuit board ground conductor 15 is provided on the surface of the circuit board 10, and the ground connection terminal 11 of the circuit board 10 is electrically connected to the circuit board ground conductor 15. The circuit board metal via 14 is electrically connected to the ground connection terminal 11 through the circuit board ground conductor 15. For example, the conductive member 70 and the circuit board ground conductor 15 can be connected by welding.

[0101] In some embodiments, the cavity 20 includes a first cavity wall 16 and a second cavity wall 17. A conductive member mounting hole 21 is defined in the first cavity wall 16, and an operating hole 171 for performing a welding operation is defined in the second cavity wall 17 at a position corresponding to the conductive member mounting hole 21.

[0102] This arrangement makes the electrical connection between the conductive member 70 and the ground connection terminal 11 of the circuit board 10 more reliable. At the same time, the operation hole 171 is provided on the second cavity wall 17 to facilitate the operator to perform welding operations.

[0103] In the present application, continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The second ground pad 321 and the second feed pad 322 of the second pin 32 are located on two opposite sides of the second pin 32. A second pin insertion hole 18 for inserting the second pin 32 is provided between the signal connection terminal 12 and the ground connection terminal 11 corresponding to the second pin 32 on the circuit board 10. The second pin insertion hole 18 is also referred to as the aforementioned insertion hole 180.

[0104] When the second pin 32 is inserted into the second pin jack 18 , the second ground pad 321 can face the signal connection terminal 12 , and the second feed pad 322 can face the ground connection terminal 11 , which is more convenient for corresponding welding.

[0105] In the embodiment of this application, Figure 5 and Figure 6The second pin 32 passes through the cavity avoidance hole 22 and is inserted into the corresponding second pin insertion hole 18. This arrangement facilitates the insertion of the second pin 32 into the cavity 20 from the cavity avoidance hole 22. At the same time, the cavity avoidance hole 22 is also the operating hole when the second pin 32 is soldered to the circuit board 10.

[0106] In the present application, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The first ground pad 311 and the first feed pad 312 of the first pin 31 are respectively located on surfaces of two opposite sides of the first pin 31 .

[0107] Correspondingly, a first pin socket 43 is provided between the ground terminal 41 and the feeding terminal 42 of the feeding base plate 40 for the first pin 31 to be inserted into. After the first pin 31 is inserted into the first pin socket 43, it is convenient to weld the first ground pad 311 to the ground terminal 41 and the first feeding pad 312 to the feeding terminal 42.

[0108] In the embodiment of this application, Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 7 The adapter circuit board 30 includes an adapter sub-board 50 and a feed sub-board 60 that are plugged into each other.

[0109] The first pin 31 is provided on the adapter sub-board 50 , and the adapter sub-board 50 is further provided with an adapter sub-board pin 1 51 and an adapter sub-board pin 2 52 . The adapter sub-board pin 1 51 is provided with an adapter sub-board solder pad 1 510 , and the adapter sub-board pin 2 52 is provided with an adapter sub-board solder pad 2 520 .

[0110] The second pin 32 is provided on the feed board 60 . The feed board 60 is further provided with a plurality of feed board pins 61 corresponding to the second pin 32 . Each feed board pin 61 is provided with a feed board pad 1 611 and a feed board pad 2 612 .

[0111] In the adapter daughter board 50 , the first ground pad 311 is electrically connected to the adapter daughter board pad 1 510 , and the first feed pad 312 is electrically connected to the adapter daughter board pad 2 520 .

[0112] On one of the feed board pins 61 of the feed board 60, the feed board pad 1 611 is electrically connected to the corresponding adapter board pad 1 510 of the adapter board 50, and is also electrically connected to the second ground pad 321 of the corresponding second pin 32. The feed board pad 2 612 is electrically connected to the corresponding adapter board pad 2 520 of the adapter board 50, and is also electrically connected to the second feed pad 322 of the corresponding second pin 32.

[0113] Thus, the first ground pad 311 of the first pin 31 in the adapter daughter board 50 is electrically connected to the second ground pad 321 of the second pin 32 via the adapter daughter board pad 1 510 and the feed board pad 1 611. The first feed pad 312 of the first pin 31 in the adapter daughter board 50 is electrically connected to the second feed pad 322 of the second pin 32 via the adapter daughter board pad 2 520 and the feed board pad 2 612.

[0114] In the present application, refer to Figure 7 The adapter daughter board 50 further includes an adapter daughter board body 500, to which the first pin 31, the adapter daughter board pin 1 51, and the adapter daughter board pin 2 52 are all connected. An adapter daughter board grounding conductor 501 and an adapter daughter board feeding circuit 502 are respectively provided on two opposite surfaces of the adapter daughter board body 500.

[0115] The first ground pad 311 and the transfer daughter board pad 1 510 are both electrically connected to the transfer daughter board ground conductor 501. The first feed pad 312 and the transfer daughter board pad 2 520 are both electrically connected to the transfer daughter board feed circuit 502.

[0116] For example, the second transfer daughter board pad 520 is electrically connected to the transfer daughter board feed circuit 502 through the metalized via 521. The first transfer daughter board pad 510 and the second transfer daughter board pad 520 are located on the same side of the transfer daughter board 50. This arrangement facilitates soldering operations on the same side.

[0117] Further, refer to Figure 3 The electron feed board 60 further includes a electron feed board body 600 , and the second pin 32 and the electron feed board pin 61 are both connected to the electron feed board body 600 .

[0118] Two opposite surfaces of the feeder board body 600 are respectively provided with a feeder board ground conductor 620 and a plurality of feeder board feeding circuits 630 .

[0119] Each second ground pad 321 and each feed board pad 1 611 are electrically connected to the feed board ground conductor 620. Among the corresponding feed board pins 61 and second pins 32, the feed board pad 2 612 is electrically connected to the second feed pad 322 via a feed board feeding circuit 630.

[0120] Furthermore, the feeder board pad 1 611 can also be electrically connected to the feeder board ground conductor 620 through a metalized via (not shown), so that the feeder board pad 1 611 and the feeder board pad 2 612 on the feeder board pin 61 are located on the same side of the feeder board 60. This arrangement facilitates soldering operations on the feeder board pin 61 on the same side.

[0121] It is understood that, in the feed board 60, the feed board pin 61 and the second pin 32 may be located on the same side of the feed board 60, or on the opposite side. Figure 1 The opposite side is shown. Figure 3 The figure shows the situation of being located on the same side, and the feed board pin 61 can be as Figure 3 As shown, it is protruded relative to the feed board body 600, or as shown Figure 1 As shown, it is embedded in the feed board body 600 .

[0122] In the embodiment of this application, Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 7 One of the feeder board pins 61 of the feeder board 60 is plugged into and connected to the corresponding adapter board pin 1 51 and adapter board pin 2 52 of the adapter board 50. This allows the feeder board pad 1 611 to be soldered to the corresponding adapter board pad 1 510 of the adapter board 50, and the feeder board pad 2 612 to be soldered to the corresponding adapter board pad 2 520 of the adapter board 50.

[0123] When implementing it, refer to Figure 3 The feed board pin 61 is provided with a feed board pin jack 610 for inserting the adapter board pin 1 51 and the adapter board pin 2 52. In addition, the feed board pad 1 611 and the feed board pad 2 612 can be as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, on the same side of the feed board pin jack 610, it can also be as shown. Figure 8 As shown, it is located on the opposite side of the feed board pin receptacle 610.

[0124] In the present application, continue to refer to Figure 2 The surface of the circuit board 10 is also provided with a circuit board ground conductor 15 and a plurality of phase shifting circuits 13. The ground connection terminal 11 of each circuit board 10 is electrically connected to the circuit board ground conductor 15. The signal connection terminal 12 of each phase shifting circuit 13 is electrically connected to the phase shifting circuit 13 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0125] In the embodiment of this application, Figure 2 and Figure 6 The circuit board 10 is further provided with an input connection terminal 19, which is electrically connected to each phase shift circuit 13. A cavity opening 23 is formed on the cavity 20 at a position corresponding to the input connection terminal 19. The input connection terminal 19 is the signal input terminal of the phase shifter 100.

[0126] In the embodiment of the present application, the circuit board 10 includes two opposite sides, one of which has a structure as shown in FIG. Figure 3As shown, the structure of the other side is exactly the same as that of the one side, including the number of components, structural layout, etc., and will not be repeated here. Figure 5 When viewed from the side of the first cavity wall 16 , the signal connection terminal 12 and the input connection terminal 19 on the first cavity wall 16 , as well as the corresponding cavity avoidance hole 22 and cavity opening 23 , can be seen.

[0127] In the embodiment of the present application, as previously described, the connection between the phase shifter 100 and two dual-polarized radiating elements 210 is used as an example. In this case, there are two cavities 20, two circuit boards 10, and two adapter circuit boards 30. Each corresponding set of cavities 20, circuit boards 10, and adapter circuit boards 30 corresponds to one polarization direction of the radiating element 210.

[0128] The case where the number of radiation units 210 is greater is similar to this. For example, when the number of dual-polarization radiation units 210 is n, the number of feed boards 60 is two, the number of feed board pins 61 on each feed board 60 is n, the number of adapter sub-boards 50 connected to each feed board 60 is n, and the number of second pins 32 on each feed board 60 is correspondingly n.

[0129] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base station antenna 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 and Figure 9 An embodiment of the present application further provides a base station antenna 200 , comprising a radiation unit 210 , a reflector 220 , and the phase shifter 100 as described above, wherein the radiation unit 210 and the phase shifter 100 are located on different sides of the reflector 220 .

[0130] The radiation unit 210 includes a feeding base plate 40, on which a ground terminal 41 and a feeding terminal 42 are provided. The first pin 31 passes through the reflector 220 and is inserted into the feeding base plate 40, and the first ground pad 311 and the first feeding pad 312 are respectively welded to the corresponding ground terminal 41 and the corresponding feeding terminal 42 on the feeding base plate 40.

[0131] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0132] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent for this invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A phase shifter, wherein the phase shifter is configured as a stripline transmission line phase shifter, characterized in that: include: A circuit board (10) and a cavity (20), wherein the circuit board (10) is located in the cavity (20), and a ground connection terminal (11) and a plurality of signal connection terminals (12) of phase shift circuits are provided on the circuit board (10); and A conductive member (70), the conductive member (70) being disposed through the cavity wall of the cavity (20), and having a partial structure electrically connected to the ground connection terminal (11) of the circuit board (10); The cavity (20) is provided with a cavity avoidance hole (22), and the cavity avoidance hole (22) is arranged opposite to the signal connection terminal (12) and the ground connection terminal (11), so that the signal connection terminal (12) and the ground connection terminal (11) are exposed from the cavity avoidance hole (22).

2. The phase shifter according to claim 1, wherein: The circuit board (10) is further provided with a plurality of circuit board metal vias (14), the circuit board metal vias (14) being electrically connected to the ground connection end (11) of the circuit board (10), and the cavity (20) is provided with conductive member mounting holes (21) at positions corresponding to the circuit board metal vias (14); The conductive member (70) passes through the conductive member mounting hole (21) and is inserted into the metal via hole (14) of the circuit board to electrically connect the cavity (20) and the metal via hole (14) of the circuit board.

3. The phase shifter according to claim 2, wherein: A circuit board grounding conductor (15) is further provided on the surface of the circuit board (10), and the grounding connection end (11) of the circuit board (10) is electrically connected to the circuit board grounding conductor (15); The circuit board metal via (14) is electrically connected to the ground connection end (11) via the circuit board ground conductor (15); The conductive member (70) is welded to the circuit board grounding conductor (15).

4. The phase shifter according to claim 3, wherein: The cavity (20) comprises a first cavity wall (16) and a second cavity wall (17) arranged opposite to each other; The conductive member mounting hole (21) is provided on the first cavity wall (16), and an operating hole (171) for performing a welding operation on the welding connection is also provided on the second cavity wall (17) at a position corresponding to the conductive member mounting hole (21).

5. The phase shifter according to claim 1, wherein: A plug hole (180) is provided on the circuit board (10), and the signal connection end (12) and the ground connection end (11) are arranged around the plug hole (180).

6. The phase shifter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The phase shifter further includes a transfer circuit board (30) based on the principle of a microstrip transmission line. The transfer circuit board (30) is plugged into the circuit board (10) and is used to be plugged into the feed baseboard (40) of the radiation unit (210). The transfer circuit board (30) is configured to electrically connect the ground connection end (11) of the circuit board (10) and the ground end (41) of the feed baseboard (40), and to electrically connect the signal connection end (12) of the circuit board (10) and the feed end (42) of the feed baseboard (40).

7. The phase shifter according to claim 6, wherein: The adapter circuit board (30) comprises a plurality of first pins (31) and second pins (32) arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, wherein the first pin (31) is provided with a first grounding pad (311) and a first feeding pad (312), and the second pin (32) is provided with a second grounding pad (321) and a second feeding pad (322), each of the first grounding pads (311) and each of the second grounding pads (321) are electrically connected, and the second feeding pads (322) and the second feeding pads (322) in the first pin (31) and the second pin (32) corresponding to each other are electrically connected; The first pin (31) is used to be plugged into the feeding base plate (40) of the radiation unit (210), so that the first ground pad (311) and the first feeding pad (312) are respectively welded to the corresponding ground terminal (41) and the corresponding feeding terminal (42) on the feeding base plate (40); The second pin (32) passes through the cavity wall of the cavity (20) and is plugged into the circuit board (10), and the second ground pad (321) and the second feed pad (322) are respectively welded to the corresponding ground connection terminal (11) and the corresponding signal connection terminal (12) of the circuit board (10).

8. The phase shifter according to claim 7, wherein: The second ground pad (321) and the second feed pad (322) of the second pin (32) are respectively located on surfaces on two opposite sides of the second pin (32), and a second pin socket (18) for inserting the second pin (32) is provided between the signal connection terminal (12) and the ground connection terminal (11) corresponding to the second pin (32) on the circuit board (10).

9. The phase shifter according to claim 8, wherein: The second pin (32) passes through the cavity avoidance hole (22) and is inserted into the corresponding second pin insertion hole (18).

10. The phase shifter according to claim 7, wherein: The first ground pad (311) and the first feed pad (312) of the first pin (31) are respectively located on surfaces of two opposite sides of the first pin (31).

11. The phase shifter according to claim 7, wherein: The adapter circuit board (30) comprises an adapter sub-board (50) and a feeder board (60) that are plugged into each other; The first pin (31) is provided on the transfer sub-board (50), and the transfer sub-board (50) is further provided with a transfer sub-board pin 1 (51) and a transfer sub-board pin 2 (52), the transfer sub-board pin 1 (51) is provided with a transfer sub-board soldering pad 1 (510), and the transfer sub-board pin 2 (52) is provided with a transfer sub-board soldering pad 2 (520); The second pin (32) is provided on the feed board (60), and the feed board (60) is further provided with a plurality of feed board pins (61) corresponding one to one with the second pin (32), and each of the feed board pins (61) is provided with a feed board soldering pad 1 (611) and a feed board soldering pad 2 (612); In the adapter sub-board (50), the first ground pad (311) is electrically connected to the adapter sub-board pad 1 (510), and the first feed pad (312) is electrically connected to the adapter sub-board pad 2 (520); In one of the feeder board pins (61) of the feeder board (60), the feeder board pad 1 (611) is electrically connected to the adapter sub-board pad 1 (510) of the corresponding adapter sub-board (50), and is electrically connected to the second ground pad (321) of the corresponding second pin (32); the feeder board pad 2 (612) is electrically connected to the adapter sub-board pad 2 (520) of the corresponding adapter sub-board (50), and is electrically connected to the second feed pad (322) of the corresponding second pin (32).

12. The phase shifter according to claim 11, wherein: The adapter sub-board (50) further includes an adapter sub-board body (500), wherein the first pin (31), the adapter sub-board pin one (51) and the adapter sub-board pin two (52) are all connected to the adapter sub-board body (500); Two opposite surfaces of the adapter sub-board body (500) are respectively provided with an adapter sub-board grounding conductor (501) and an adapter sub-board feeding circuit (502); The first ground pad (311) and the adapter sub-board pad 1 (510) are both electrically connected to the adapter sub-board ground conductor (501); the first feed pad (312) and the adapter sub-board pad 2 (520) are both electrically connected to the adapter sub-board feed circuit (502).

13. The phase shifter according to claim 12, wherein: The second transfer sub-board pad (520) is electrically connected to the transfer sub-board feeding circuit (502) via a metalized via (521), and the first transfer sub-board pad (510) and the second transfer sub-board pad (520) are located on the same side of the transfer sub-board (50).

14. The phase shifter according to claim 12, wherein: The electron feed board (60) further comprises an electron feed board body (600), and the second pin (32) and the electron feed board pin (61) are both connected to the electron feed board body (600); Two opposite surfaces of the feeder board body (600) are respectively provided with a feeder board grounding conductor (620) and a plurality of feeder board feeding circuits (630); Each of the second grounding pads (321) and each of the first feeder board pads (611) are electrically connected to the feeder board grounding conductor (620); and among the corresponding feeder board pins (61) and second pins (32), the second feeder board pad (612) is electrically connected to the second feeder pad (322) via a feeder board feeding circuit (630).

15. The phase shifter according to claim 14, wherein: The feed board pad 1 (611) is electrically connected to the feed board ground conductor (620) through a metalized via (521), so that the feed board pad 1 (611) and the feed board pad 2 (612) on the feed board pin (61) are located on the same side of the feed board (60).

16. The phase shifter according to claim 14, wherein: One of the feeder board pins (61) of the feeder board (60) is plug-connected to the adapter board pin 1 (51) and the adapter board pin 2 (52) of the corresponding adapter board (50); The feeder board pad 1 (611) is welded to the adapter sub-board pad 1 (510) of the corresponding adapter sub-board (50), and the feeder board pad 2 (612) is welded to the adapter sub-board pad 2 (520) of the corresponding adapter sub-board (50).

17. The phase shifter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A circuit board grounding conductor (15) and a plurality of phase shifting circuits (13) are also provided on the surface of the circuit board (10); The ground connection end (11) of each circuit board (10) is electrically connected to the circuit board ground conductor (15); The signal connection end (12) of each phase shift circuit (13) is electrically connected to the phase shift circuit (13) in a one-to-one correspondence.

18. The phase shifter according to claim 17, wherein: The circuit board (10) is further provided with an input connection terminal (19), and the input connection terminal (19) is electrically connected to each of the phase shift circuits (13); A cavity opening (23) is provided on the cavity (20) at a position corresponding to the input connection end (19).

19. The phase shifter according to claim 6, wherein: The number of the cavity (20), the circuit board (10), and the adapter circuit board (30) is two; Each corresponding group of the cavity (20), the circuit board (10), and the adapter circuit board (30) corresponds to a polarization direction of the radiation unit (210).

20. A base station antenna (200), characterized in that The invention comprises a radiation unit (210), a reflection plate (220), and a phase shifter according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the radiation unit (210) and the phase shifter are located on different sides of the reflection plate (220).

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