Economic dispatch method and device based on working condition and frequency safety constraint of thermal power generating unit, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The application provides an economic dispatching method and device based on the working condition and frequency safety constraint of a thermal power unit, equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of power system operation and optimal dispatching. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the operation data of a power system and the actual operation working condition data of a thermal power unit; quantifying the frequency modulation relationship between the primary frequency modulation up-regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operation working condition of the thermal power unit based on the permeability change data and the actual operation working condition data of the thermal power unit; constructing a dynamic frequency safety constraint model of the power system based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency modulation relationship; constructing an economic dispatching model with economic optimization as the target and embedded frequency safety constraint based on the traditional constraint condition and the dynamic frequency safety constraint model, so as to generate an economic dispatching operation strategy according to the economic dispatching model. The present disclosure realizes the significant improvement of the stability and economy of the power system by comprehensively considering the frequency safety constraint and the working condition of the thermal power unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system operation and optimized dispatching technology, and in particular to an economic dispatching method, apparatus, equipment and storage medium based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid increase in the penetration rate of new energy sources, problems such as the decline in power system inertia and insufficient frequency regulation capability are becoming increasingly prominent, and the frequency stability of the power system is facing greater challenges.

[0003] Traditional economic dispatch models aim to minimize power generation costs, considering only static constraints such as power balance and unit start-up and shutdown, neglecting the following key issues:

[0004] 1. Frequency security risk: Fluctuations in new energy sources lead to increased system frequency deviation. Traditional models do not embed dynamic frequency constraints, which can easily cause frequency overrun accidents.

[0005] 2. Impact of thermal power unit operating conditions: As an important regulating resource in the power grid, the operating conditions of thermal power units (such as startup status, ramp rate limitation, etc.) have a significant impact on frequency response capability. However, existing dispatching methods usually do not fully consider these factors. For example, changes in the load factor of thermal power units (such as low-load constant voltage operation and high-load sliding voltage operation) directly affect their primary frequency regulation capability, and existing methods do not model them in detail.

[0006] 3. Impact of new energy sources on thermal power output: The spatiotemporal distribution of new energy output (such as the midday peak output of photovoltaic power) leads to a periodic decline in the thermal power load rate, affecting the frequency regulation capability of thermal power units and further weakening the system disturbance power margin.

[0007] While existing studies have attempted to introduce frequency constraints, they mostly employ simplified linear models, failing to consider the dynamic response characteristics of the units (such as the time delay between the prime mover and the governor, and the frequency regulation power release rate), and failing to couple the relationship between the actual operating conditions of thermal power plants and their frequency regulation capabilities. This may result in the dispatching results failing to meet frequency safety requirements in actual operation, especially when large-scale disturbances occur.

[0008] Therefore, how to provide an economical dispatch scheme that comprehensively considers frequency security constraints and thermal power unit operating conditions to improve the stability and economy of the power system is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention provides an economic dispatch method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium based on the operating conditions of thermal power units and frequency security constraints. By comprehensively considering frequency security constraints and the operating conditions of thermal power units, an economic dispatch model embedded with frequency security constraints is constructed, thereby generating an economic dispatch operation strategy, which can significantly improve the stability and economy of the power system.

[0010] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an economical dispatching method based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints, comprising the following steps:

[0011] When the power system is connected to new energy power, the operation data of the power system and the actual operating condition data of thermal power units are obtained; wherein, the operation data of the power system includes at least the penetration rate change data of the power system connected to the new energy power.

[0012] Based on the permeability change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit, the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation up-regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating condition of the thermal power unit is quantified.

[0013] Based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship, a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system is constructed.

[0014] Based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, an economic scheduling model with economic optimization as the objective and embedded with frequency security constraints is constructed, so as to generate an economic scheduling operation strategy according to the economic scheduling model.

[0015] Preferably, according to the economic dispatching method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units provided by the present invention, the step of quantifying the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation up-regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit based on the penetration rate change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit includes:

[0016] Calculate the load rate of thermal power units based on actual operating data of thermal power units.

[0017] Based on the load rate and permeability change data of the thermal power unit, a coupling model is constructed between the primary frequency regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit. The coupling model characterizes the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit.

[0018] Preferably, according to the economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units provided by the present invention, the formula for calculating the actual operating condition data of thermal power units is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] In the formula, Main steam flow rate, The valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, Main steam valve opening;

[0021] The relationship between the given power of a thermal power unit and the main steam flow rate is expressed by the following formula:

[0022]

[0023] In the formula, To provide power to thermal power units This refers to the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder. The power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, It is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinder.

[0024] Preferably, according to the economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units provided by the present invention, the calculated adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation of the thermal power unit is used to characterize the primary frequency regulation capability of the thermal power unit.

[0025] Specifically, the adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation of the thermal power unit is represented by the unit output power when the main steam valve is fully open (1), minus the unit output power before regulation; the thermal power unit operates under constant pressure when the load rate is less than 30% and when the load rate is greater than 90%; and the thermal power unit operates under sliding pressure when the load rate is greater than 30% and less than 90%.

[0026] When a thermal power unit operates under sliding pressure, the valve opening of the main steam valve of the thermal power unit is a fixed value. ;

[0027] The valve opening of the main steam valve in the thermal power unit is a fixed value. And when the unit output power of the thermal power unit is In the case of this, the adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation of the thermal power unit is calculated as follows:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula, for Main steam pressure under operating conditions Main steam flow rate, The valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, Main steam valve opening To provide power to thermal power units This refers to the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder. The power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, It is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinder;

[0030] When the unit output power of thermal power unit The output of the unit exceeds the upper limit of the sliding pressure operation mode. And maintain the main steam pressure at Assuming the power remains constant, the adjustable power of a thermal power unit under primary frequency regulation is calculated using the following formula:

[0031]

[0032] In the formula, The upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode Main steam pressure under operating conditions Main steam flow rate, The valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, Main steam valve opening To provide power to thermal power units This refers to the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder. The power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, The sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders. This refers to the upper limit of the unit's output in sliding pressure operation mode;

[0033] When the unit output power of thermal power unit The lower limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode When calculating the adjustable power of a thermal power unit under primary frequency regulation, the following formula is used:

[0034]

[0035] In the formula, the unit output power of the thermal power unit is , Main steam pressure, Main steam valve opening To provide power to thermal power units This represents the lower limit of the unit's output in sliding pressure operation mode.

[0036] Preferably, according to the economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units provided by the present invention, the adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation of the thermal power unit is divided by the installed capacity of the thermal power unit and then standardized in per unit to obtain the thermal power load factor for the corresponding operating condition. The frequency modulation relationship between the adjustable power per unit value and the primary frequency modulation is determined by the following formula:

[0037]

[0038] In the formula, , , These represent the upper limit load rate, lower limit load rate, and actual thermal power load rate of the thermal power unit when using the sliding pressure method, respectively, with the main steam valve opening of the thermal power unit being a fixed value. ;

[0039] The specific calculation formulas for the upper limit load factor, lower limit load factor, and actual thermal power load factor of thermal power units are as follows:

[0040]

[0041] In the formula, , These refer to the upper limit load rate, lower limit load rate, and actual thermal power load rate of thermal power units when using the sliding pressure method. This represents the lower limit of the unit's output in sliding pressure operation mode. This refers to the upper limit of the unit's output in sliding pressure operation mode. P 额定容量 Rated capacity of thermal power plants;

[0042] The load factor of thermal power units is calculated as follows:

[0043]

[0044] In the formula, For the load rate of thermal power units, , These are the output of thermal power plants and the total load of thermal power plants on the entire grid, respectively. Represents the total installed capacity of thermal power plants across the entire grid. This data represents the changes in the penetration rate of new energy power.

[0045] Preferably, according to the economic dispatch method based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency security constraints provided by the present invention, the step of constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship includes:

[0046] Based on the frequency response model of the power system, a frequency dynamic curve is plotted, and based on the frequency dynamic curve, an expression for the frequency difference curve is constructed.

[0047] The power released by the governor and the prime mover over time is determined by fitting the frequency difference curve expression and the frequency response function of the prime mover system.

[0048] Based on the different unit outputs of thermal power units and the frequency regulation relationship, the constraints that the power system must meet for operation are determined.

[0049] Based on the released power and the constraints, a dynamic frequency security constraint model for the power system is constructed.

[0050] Secondly, the present invention also provides an economic dispatching device based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units, comprising:

[0051] The acquisition module is used to acquire the operation data of the power system and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units when the power system is connected to new energy power; wherein, the operation data of the power system includes at least the penetration rate change data of the power system connected to the new energy power.

[0052] The frequency regulation relationship module is used to quantify the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation up-regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit based on the permeability change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit.

[0053] A module for constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model is used to construct a dynamic frequency security constraint model for the power system based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship.

[0054] The module for generating economic scheduling operation strategies is used to construct an economic scheduling model with economic optimization as the objective and embedded with frequency security constraints based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, so as to generate economic scheduling operation strategies according to the economic scheduling model.

[0055] Thirdly, the present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units as described above.

[0056] Fourthly, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the economic dispatch method based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints as described above.

[0057] Fifthly, the present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the economic dispatch method based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints as described above.

[0058] This invention provides an economic dispatch method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium based on the operating conditions of thermal power units and frequency security constraints. It acquires power system operation data and actual operating condition data of thermal power units when renewable energy is integrated into the power system. The power system operation data includes at least the penetration rate change data of the renewable energy integration into the power system. Based on the penetration rate change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units, it quantifies the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation up-regulation capability of the thermal power units and their actual operating conditions. Based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship, it constructs a dynamic frequency security constraint model for the power system. Based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, it constructs an economic dispatch model with economic optimization as the objective and embedded with frequency security constraints, and generates an economic dispatch operation strategy based on the economic dispatch model. By comprehensively considering frequency security constraints and thermal power unit operating conditions, constructing an economic dispatch model embedded with frequency security constraints, and then generating an economic dispatch operation strategy, it can significantly improve the stability and economy of the power system. Attached Figure Description

[0059] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0060] Figure 1 This is one of the flowcharts of an economic dispatching method based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints provided by the present invention.

[0061] Figure 2 This invention provides a dynamic frequency response model for power systems.

[0062] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the frequency dynamic curve provided by the present invention.

[0063] Figure 4 This is the second flowchart of an economic dispatching method based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints provided by the present invention.

[0064] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an economic dispatching device based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units provided by the present invention.

[0065] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0066] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0067] In the relevant technologies, at least the following technical problems exist:

[0068] Frequency is one of the key indicators for power grid operation. For a long time, with the increasing scale of power grid interconnection and the continuous improvement of the grid's ability to withstand power disturbances, frequency security issues were not prominent. However, with the rapid development of new energy sources such as wind power, conventional synchronous generators have been replaced, reducing the system's rotational inertia and primary frequency regulation capability, making frequency security issues increasingly prominent. Furthermore, DC transmission is widely used in my country, and DC transmission, especially ultra-high voltage (UHVDC) transmission, has a large design capacity. Once a DC blocking fault occurs, it will bring a huge power surge to the system. Taking the Northeast my country Power Grid and the East China Power Grid as examples, in the Northeast China Power Grid, a high proportion of wind power is transmitted through UHVDC; a DC blocking incident would lead to serious high-frequency problems. In the East China Power Grid, DC power is fed into the system through DC transmission; a blocking accident would cause serious low-frequency problems.

[0069] In high-proportion wind power systems, synchronous generators are required to provide sufficient rotational inertia and primary frequency regulation capability to ensure frequency safety under power disturbances.

[0070] Therefore, it is necessary to consider frequency security constraints in unit commitment (UC) to ensure that the synchronous generators in operation can provide sufficient rotational inertia and primary frequency regulation capability. Unit commitment arranges the start-up, shutdown, and output status of units on the day-ahead scheduling timescale, and the security-constrained unit commitment (SCUC) problem is an important part of it. The power generation plan formulated through UC must meet the system's security constraints for the plan to be implemented. Traditional SCUC considers more security constraints including static security constraints and transient stability constraints.

[0071] There is currently a lack of research considering frequency security constraints.

[0072] While the unit combination considers steady-state frequency constraints after system disturbances, it neglects constraints related to the dynamic frequency process. Ensuring the maximum frequency deviation after power disturbances is less than a given limit is the most critical frequency safety constraint, but calculating and representing this maximum deviation is often complex. Traditional methods for calculating the maximum frequency deviation include time-domain simulation, intelligent algorithms, and analytical methods. Time-domain simulation requires constructing a complex simulation model of the system, resulting in low solution efficiency; intelligent algorithms do not require prior knowledge of the model structure and parameters and are a type of prediction method based on sample learning, requiring a large number of samples for training. However, both methods can only obtain numerical solutions for the maximum frequency deviation and cannot represent it analytically, making it inconvenient to incorporate it into unit combination constraints.

[0073] In comparison, analytical methods provide an analytical expression for the maximum frequency deviation, making it easier to incorporate into the constraints of unit combination models. Related technologies have incorporated dynamic frequency constraints into unit combination models. In recent years, due to the large-scale integration of new energy sources into the grid, the reduction in system inertia and primary frequency regulation capability has raised frequency security issues. Many studies have considered the dynamic frequency process in unit combination models. However, these approaches typically use simple linear models to represent the governors, which oversimplifies the governors and fails to accurately reflect their operation. To address this issue, some existing technologies unify some parameters of the governor model based on parameter sensitivity, simplifying the maximum frequency deviation calculation expression. Other existing technologies retain the dynamic characteristics of each unit's governor; however, the maximum deviation expression is complex and difficult to solve. Furthermore, none of the existing technologies consider the impact of reserve capacity on system frequency regulation. None of these approaches consider the actual operating conditions of thermal power units.

[0074] To address the above problems, this invention provides a method that considers the actual operating conditions of thermal power units and dynamic frequency safety constraints, ensuring that when the system meets these conditions, the maximum frequency deviation after a disturbance is less than a set limit. This frequency safety constraint expression is practical and concise, and it considers the impact of the unit's primary frequency regulation capacity increase on frequency regulation, making it easy to incorporate into the unit combination solution model. Furthermore, this constraint has a certain degree of conservatism, ensuring system safety.

[0075] The following is combined Figures 1-6 This invention describes an economic dispatch method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency security constraints. By comprehensively considering frequency security constraints and thermal power unit operating conditions, an economic dispatch model embedded with frequency security constraints is constructed, thereby generating an economic dispatch operation strategy, which can significantly improve the stability and economy of the power system.

[0076] Figure 1 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating an economic dispatching method based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints provided by the present invention, such as... Figure 1As shown, the method may include, but is not limited to, steps S100 to S400:

[0077] S100, when the power system is connected to new energy power, acquire the operation data of the power system and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit; wherein, the operation data of the power system includes at least the penetration rate change data of the power system connected to the new energy power;

[0078] S200, based on the permeability change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit, quantify the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation up-regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating condition of the thermal power unit.

[0079] S300, Based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship, construct the dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system;

[0080] S400, based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, constructs an economic scheduling model with economic optimization as the objective and embedded with frequency security constraints, and generates an economic scheduling operation strategy according to the economic scheduling model.

[0081] In step S100 of some embodiments, when the power system is connected to new energy power, the operation data of the power system and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit are obtained; wherein, the operation data of the power system includes at least the penetration rate change data of the power system connected to the new energy power.

[0082] Understandably, a data acquisition system needs to be built and connected to various monitoring and control devices, as well as new energy power generation equipment, within the power system to ensure the real-time and accurate collection of power system operation data and actual operating condition data of thermal power units. Specifically, data on the penetration rate of new energy power into the power system needs to be obtained through a dedicated monitoring module or extracted from relevant energy management systems. This data reflects the dynamic changes in the proportion of new energy power in the power system. Simultaneously, sensors and monitoring instruments are used to collect various operating parameters of thermal power units, such as unit output, speed, and power factor, to obtain their actual operating condition data.

[0083] The purpose of step S100 is to provide basic data support for subsequent analysis and modeling. This data is the key basis for quantitative analysis, model building, and scheduling strategy formulation.

[0084] In step S200 of some embodiments, based on the permeability change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit, the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation up-regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating condition of the thermal power unit is quantified.

[0085] It is understandable that the collected permeability change data and actual operating condition data of thermal power units are preprocessed, including data cleaning and normalization, in order to improve the quality and usability of the data.

[0086] By employing appropriate mathematical methods and statistical analysis tools, such as correlation analysis and regression analysis, a quantitative model can be established to describe the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation capability of thermal power units and their actual operating conditions. For example, the quantitative correlation between parameters such as power output and speed of thermal power units can be determined by analyzing the variation patterns under different permeability conditions.

[0087] The purpose of step S200 is to clarify the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation capability of thermal power units and actual operating conditions, which helps to gain a deeper understanding of the role mechanism of thermal power units in power system frequency regulation and provides important quantitative basis for the subsequent construction of dynamic frequency security constraint models.

[0088] In step S300 of some embodiments, a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system is constructed based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship.

[0089] Understandably, the frequency response model of the power system describes the frequency variation and dynamic response characteristics of the power system when subjected to disturbances. Combining the frequency regulation relationship obtained through quantification, the frequency regulation characteristics of thermal power units are incorporated into the frequency response model.

[0090] Considering the operational constraints of the power system, such as generator output limits, grid transmission capacity limits, and node voltage constraints, as well as frequency security requirements, such as allowable frequency deviation ranges and frequency change rate limits, a dynamic frequency security constraint model for the power system is constructed.

[0091] The purpose of step S300 is to enable the model to more accurately reflect the dynamic frequency behavior and security constraints of the power system when new energy power is integrated, providing key constraints for the construction of the economic dispatch model and ensuring the frequency stability and security of the power system during the optimization dispatch process.

[0092] In step S400 of some embodiments, an economic scheduling model with economic optimization as the objective and embedded with frequency security constraints is constructed based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, so as to generate an economic scheduling operation strategy according to the economic scheduling model.

[0093] Understandably, dynamic frequency security constraints are incorporated as new constraints into the economic dispatch model, building upon traditional constraints. Traditional constraints typically include power balance constraints, unit ramp rate constraints, minimum start-up and shutdown time constraints, spinning reserve constraints, minimum start-up and shutdown time constraints, and unit output constraints.

[0094] With economic optimization as the objective function, and comprehensively considering factors such as the cost of thermal power, the cost of renewable energy generation, and the cost of electricity purchase, an economic dispatch model with embedded frequency security constraints is constructed. This model is a complex optimization problem, which is typically solved using mathematical programming methods or intelligent optimization algorithms.

[0095] The purpose of step S400 is to build an economic dispatch model, thereby enabling the economical operation of the power system while meeting the frequency security constraints of the power system, improving energy utilization efficiency, reducing operating costs, and ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the power system.

[0096] Furthermore, actual power system operation data, thermal power unit operating condition data, and new energy power forecast data are input into the constructed economic dispatch model.

[0097] An optimization algorithm is used to solve the economic dispatch model to obtain the optimal dispatch scheme that satisfies various constraints, i.e., the economic dispatch operation strategy. This strategy includes the output plan of each generating unit and the arrangement of renewable energy consumption.

[0098] Furthermore, the generated economic dispatch operation strategy is verified and evaluated to check whether it meets the frequency security requirements and economic operation objectives of the power system. If not, the model parameters or algorithm are adjusted and optimized, and the economic dispatch operation strategy is regenerated until a satisfactory result is obtained.

[0099] The embodiments provided by this invention offer specific operational guidance for the operation and dispatch of power systems, helping dispatchers to rationally allocate power generation resources, improve the operational efficiency and economic benefits of power systems, and ensure the safe and stable operation of power systems.

[0100] In some embodiments of the present invention, quantifying the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit based on the permeability change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit includes:

[0101] Calculate the load rate of thermal power units based on actual operating data of thermal power units.

[0102] Based on the load rate and permeability change data of the thermal power unit, a coupling model is constructed between the primary frequency regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit. The coupling model characterizes the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit.

[0103] In some embodiments of the present invention, after calculating the load rate of the thermal power unit, a suitable mathematical model structure is selected to describe the coupling relationship between the primary frequency regulation capability and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit. This model can be a theoretical model based on physical principles or a data-driven empirical model. After determining the model structure, it is necessary to identify and determine the key parameters in the model, such as the unit's inertial constant, reheat coefficient, and damping coefficient. These parameters can be obtained through theoretical analysis, experimental measurement, or data fitting.

[0104] The collected data on actual operating conditions of thermal power units and permeability changes are preprocessed, including data cleaning, normalization, and feature extraction. Data cleaning removes outliers and noise interference; normalization unifies data of different magnitudes into a reasonable range, improving the training effect of the model; feature extraction extracts characteristic variables closely related to frequency regulation from the raw data, such as the rate of change of load factor and the magnitude of change of permeability.

[0105] In some embodiments of the present invention, the preprocessed data can be divided into a training set and a validation set. The selected model is trained using the training set data, and the model parameters are adjusted to enable the model to accurately fit the data. During training, various optimization algorithms, such as gradient descent and genetic algorithms, can be used to improve the training efficiency and accuracy of the model. After training, the model is validated using the validation set data to evaluate its generalization ability and prediction accuracy. If the model's performance does not meet the requirements, the model structure or parameters need to be adjusted, and training and validation should be repeated until satisfactory results are obtained.

[0106] The advantages of some embodiments of this invention are as follows: By constructing a coupled model, the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation capability of thermal power units and their actual operating conditions can be clearly characterized. This model can help dispatchers better understand the impact of renewable energy access on the frequency regulation performance of thermal power units, providing theoretical support and decision-making basis for power system operation and dispatch. Simultaneously, the coupled model can also be used to predict the frequency regulation capability of thermal power units under different operating conditions, allowing for the formulation of corresponding control strategies in advance to ensure the frequency stability of the power system.

[0107] In some embodiments of the present invention, the formulas for calculating the actual operating condition data of thermal power units are as follows:

[0108]

[0109] In the formula, Main steam flow rate, The valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, Main steam valve opening;

[0110] The relationship between the given power of a thermal power unit and the main steam flow rate is expressed by the following formula:

[0111]

[0112] In the formula, To provide power to thermal power units This refers to the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder. The power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, It is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinder.

[0113] It should be noted that appropriate sensors and measuring instruments are installed to obtain the values ​​of main steam pressure, main steam valve opening, and valve flow coefficient. Main steam pressure is typically measured in real time using a pressure sensor; the main steam valve opening can be obtained through feedback signals from a valve positioner or a dedicated opening sensor; and the valve flow coefficient is determined through the inherent characteristics of the valve or through pre-performed calibration tests.

[0114] In actual operation, these parameters will change continuously with the operating status of the unit, so it is necessary to continuously collect data to ensure the accuracy of the calculation.

[0115] The collected values ​​of main steam pressure, main steam valve opening, and valve flow coefficient are substituted into the main steam flow calculation formula, and the calculation is performed according to the mathematical relationship defined in the formula to obtain the specific value of the main steam flow.

[0116] Main steam flow rate is a key parameter in the operation of thermal power units, directly reflecting the unit's energy conversion and transfer. Accurate calculation of the main steam flow rate allows for understanding the steam flow under different operating conditions, providing crucial information for evaluating the unit's performance and efficiency.

[0117] Based on the calculated main steam flow rate, and in conjunction with other operating parameters such as power and temperature, the operation of thermal power units can be adjusted and optimized. For example, when the main steam flow rate deviates from the normal range, the unit can be restored to its optimal operating state by adjusting the main steam valve opening or taking other operations, thereby improving the unit's operating efficiency and economy.

[0118] Determine the relevant proportionality coefficients: Through theoretical analysis, experimental measurement, or research on the unit's design parameters, determine the specific values ​​of the high-pressure cylinder power ratio and the medium- and low-pressure cylinder power ratio. These two proportionality coefficients reflect the power distribution of different parts of the thermal power unit, and they are closely related to factors such as the unit's structure, design characteristics, and operating conditions.

[0119] Calculate the power of each cylinder: Based on the given total power and the determined power ratio coefficient, calculate the power of the high-pressure cylinder and the power of the medium and low-pressure cylinders separately according to the formula. Specifically, multiply the total power by the high-pressure cylinder power ratio to obtain the high-pressure cylinder power, and multiply by the medium and low-pressure cylinder power ratio to obtain the medium and low-pressure cylinder power.

[0120] In some embodiments of the present invention, the calculated adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation of the thermal power unit is used to characterize the primary frequency regulation capability of the thermal power unit.

[0121] Specifically, the adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation of the thermal power unit is represented by the unit output power when the main steam valve is fully open (1), minus the unit output power before regulation; the thermal power unit operates under constant pressure when the load rate is less than 30% and when the load rate is greater than 90%; and the thermal power unit operates under sliding pressure when the load rate is greater than 30% and less than 90%.

[0122] When a thermal power unit operates under sliding pressure, the valve opening of the main steam valve of the thermal power unit is a fixed value. ;

[0123] The valve opening of the main steam valve in the thermal power unit is a fixed value. And when the unit output power of the thermal power unit is In the case of this, the adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation of the thermal power unit is calculated as follows:

[0124]

[0125] In the formula, for Main steam pressure under operating conditions Main steam flow rate, The valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, Main steam valve opening To provide power to thermal power units This refers to the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder. The power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, It is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinder;

[0126] When the unit output power of thermal power unit The output of the unit exceeds the upper limit of the sliding pressure operation mode. And maintain the main steam pressure at Assuming the power remains constant, the adjustable power of a thermal power unit under primary frequency regulation is calculated using the following formula:

[0127]

[0128] In the formula, The upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode Main steam pressure under operating conditions Main steam flow rate, The valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, Main steam valve opening To provide power to thermal power units This refers to the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder. The power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, The sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders. This refers to the upper limit of the unit's output in sliding pressure operation mode;

[0129] When the unit output power of thermal power unit The lower limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode When calculating the adjustable power of a thermal power unit under primary frequency regulation, the following formula is used:

[0130]

[0131] In the formula, the unit output power of the thermal power unit is , Main steam pressure, Main steam valve opening To provide power to thermal power units This represents the lower limit of the unit's output in sliding pressure operation mode.

[0132] Understandably, the first step is to monitor and assess the load rate of the thermal power unit to determine whether it is operating under constant pressure or sliding pressure conditions. This can be achieved by installing appropriate sensors and monitoring systems to acquire the unit's load rate information in real time and compare it with set thresholds (30% and 90%).

[0133] Under constant pressure operation (load rate less than 30% or greater than 90%), when the main steam valve is fully opened to 1, the adjustable power of the frequency regulation is calculated according to the corresponding formula. At this time, it is necessary to accurately measure parameters such as the unit output power, main steam pressure, main steam flow rate and valve flow coefficient.

[0134] Under sliding pressure operation (load rate greater than 30% and less than 90%), it is necessary to determine the relationship between the unit's output power and the upper and lower limits of the unit's output power under sliding pressure operation, and select an appropriate formula for calculation according to different situations.

[0135] Based on different operating conditions and corresponding formulas, the measured and collected parameter values ​​are substituted into the formulas for calculation. During the calculation process, attention should be paid to the consistency of units and the accuracy of the values.

[0136] For the calculation formula under constant pressure operation, parameters such as main steam pressure, main steam flow rate, valve flow coefficient, unit output power, high-pressure cylinder power ratio, and medium and low-pressure cylinder power ratio are substituted into the corresponding formula to calculate the adjustable power of primary frequency regulation.

[0137] For the calculation formula under sliding pressure operation, when the unit output power is above the upper limit of the unit output power under sliding pressure operation, the main steam pressure, main steam flow rate, valve flow coefficient, unit output power, high-pressure cylinder power ratio, medium and low-pressure cylinder power ratio, and upper limit of the unit output power under the upper limit of the unit output power under sliding pressure operation are substituted into the formula for calculation; when the unit output power is less than the lower limit of the unit output power under sliding pressure operation, the corresponding main steam pressure, main steam flow rate, valve flow coefficient, unit output power, high-pressure cylinder power ratio, and medium and low-pressure cylinder power ratio are substituted into the formula for calculation.

[0138] By calculating the adjustable power of primary frequency regulation, the primary frequency regulation capability of thermal power units can be quantitatively characterized. This is of great significance for understanding the frequency regulation characteristics of units under different operating conditions and for the rational scheduling of units to participate in grid frequency regulation.

[0139] The calculation results of the adjustable power increase based on primary frequency regulation can provide a reference for the operation and control of thermal power units. For example, when the power grid requires the unit to provide more frequency regulation support, the unit's operating parameters can be adjusted according to the actual situation to improve its primary frequency regulation capability.

[0140] In some embodiments of the present invention, the adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation of the thermal power unit is divided by the installed capacity of the thermal power unit and then normalized to a per-unit value to obtain the thermal power load factor for the corresponding operating condition. The frequency modulation relationship between the adjustable power per unit value and the primary frequency modulation is determined by the following formula:

[0141]

[0142] In the formula, , , These represent the upper limit load rate, lower limit load rate, and actual thermal power load rate of the thermal power unit when using the sliding pressure method, respectively, with the main steam valve opening of the thermal power unit being a fixed value. ;

[0143] The specific calculation formulas for the upper limit load factor, lower limit load factor, and actual thermal power load factor of thermal power units are as follows:

[0144]

[0145] In the formula, , These refer to the upper limit load rate, lower limit load rate, and actual thermal power load rate of thermal power units when using the sliding pressure method. This represents the lower limit of the unit's output in sliding pressure operation mode. This refers to the upper limit of the unit's output in sliding pressure operation mode. P 额定容量 Rated capacity of thermal power plants;

[0146] The load factor of thermal power units is calculated as follows:

[0147]

[0148] In the formula, For the load rate of thermal power units, , These are the output of thermal power plants and the total load of thermal power plants on the entire grid, respectively. Represents the total installed capacity of thermal power plants across the entire grid. This data represents the changes in the penetration rate of new energy power.

[0149] Load factor calculation steps: Calculate the load factor of each thermal power unit according to the given formula. For a single thermal power unit, its load factor is calculated using the formula, where the numerator is the difference between the unit's actual output and the total installed capacity of thermal power in the entire grid, and the denominator is the product of the total installed capacity of thermal power in the entire grid and the change in the penetration rate of new energy power.

[0150] For thermal power units operating in sliding pressure mode, the upper and lower load factors are calculated using the same formulas, except that the actual output is replaced with the upper and lower limits of the output of the units operating in sliding pressure mode.

[0151] The steps for calculating the frequency regulation relationship are as follows: After determining the load rate of the thermal power unit, divide the primary frequency regulation adjustable power of the thermal power unit by the thermal power installed capacity and normalize it to obtain the per-unit amount of the primary frequency regulation adjustable power.

[0152] Then, the load factor under each operating condition is correlated and analyzed with the corresponding per-unit value of the primary frequency regulation adjustable power to determine the frequency regulation relationship under different operating conditions. This may be achieved by plotting curves, creating tables, or using mathematical models for fitting, so as to more intuitively observe and understand the relationship between the load factor and the primary frequency regulation adjustable power.

[0153] By determining the frequency regulation relationship under different operating conditions, the primary frequency regulation capability of thermal power units at different load rates can be clearly understood. This helps grid dispatchers to rationally select thermal power units to participate in frequency regulation based on actual load conditions, thereby optimizing the frequency regulation effect of the power grid.

[0154] Frequency regulation relationships can provide important references for the operation and control of thermal power units. For example, at high load rates, if the adjustable power of primary frequency regulation is low, the operating parameters of the unit can be adjusted or other measures can be taken to improve its frequency regulation capability. At low load rates, the output of the unit can be reasonably adjusted according to the frequency regulation relationship to ensure the frequency stability of the power grid.

[0155] In some embodiments of the present invention, the active power output value and the rated power value of the thermal power unit are obtained from the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit. This data can be collected in real time by sensors and monitoring systems installed on the thermal power unit and transmitted to a data processing center.

[0156] In some embodiments of the present invention, the load factor is calculated as follows: the load factor of the thermal power unit at different time points is calculated according to the formula "load factor = (active power output value / rated power value) × 100%". Through statistical analysis of a large amount of historical data, the distribution and trend of the load factor can also be obtained.

[0157] Load factor is one of the important indicators reflecting the actual operating conditions of thermal power units, and it directly affects the frequency regulation capability and operational stability of thermal power units. Accurate calculation of load factor helps to gain a deeper understanding of the operating status of thermal power units, provides key parameters for subsequent construction of coupled models, and also lays the foundation for evaluating the frequency regulation performance of thermal power units under different operating conditions.

[0158] In some embodiments of the present invention, constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship includes:

[0159] Based on the frequency response model of the power system, a frequency dynamic curve is plotted, and based on the frequency dynamic curve, an expression for the frequency difference curve is constructed.

[0160] The power released by the governor and the prime mover over time is determined by fitting the frequency difference curve expression and the frequency response function of the prime mover system.

[0161] Based on the different unit outputs of thermal power units and the frequency regulation relationship, the constraints that the power system must meet for operation are determined.

[0162] Based on the released power and the constraints, a dynamic frequency security constraint model for the power system is constructed.

[0163] Data collection and frequency response model establishment: First, it is necessary to collect operational data from various power sources in the power system (including traditional thermal power and renewable energy generation), such as output, unit parameters, and system load data. Based on this data, and combined with the physical laws and dynamic characteristics of the power system, a frequency response model of the power system is established. This model can reflect the law of frequency change over time and the influence of various factors on the frequency.

[0164] Frequency dynamic curve plotting: Using the established frequency response model, dynamic curves showing the system frequency changing over time under different operating conditions and disturbances are plotted through numerical simulation or analysis. This curve visually illustrates the frequency fluctuations and trends, providing a foundation for subsequent analysis.

[0165] Construction of the frequency difference curve expression: Based on the frequency dynamic curve, the difference between the frequency and the rated frequency at each moment is calculated, i.e., the frequency difference. Then, through mathematical fitting or analysis methods, the frequency difference curve expression is constructed. This expression can accurately describe the change law of frequency difference over time, providing a basis for subsequently determining the release power of the governor and prime mover.

[0166] Fitting the frequency difference curve expression to the frequency response function: The constructed frequency difference curve expression is fitted to the frequency response function of the prime mover system. The frequency response function of the prime mover system reflects the response characteristics of the prime mover to frequency changes, and can usually be obtained through theoretical analysis or experimental testing. Through fitting, the relationship between the frequency difference and the change in the prime mover's output power can be established.

[0167] Steps for determining the released power: Based on the above fitting results and considering the regulating effect of the speed governor, determine the power released by the speed governor and the prime mover over time. The speed governor will automatically adjust the output power of the prime mover according to the frequency difference to maintain the stability of the system frequency. By analyzing the characteristics and control law of the speed governor and combining the frequency difference information, calculate the power released by the speed governor and the prime mover together at different times.

[0168] The constraints that a power system must meet to operate include:

[0169] Thermal power unit output analysis: This study examines the output of different thermal power units, including their output range and regulation capabilities under various operating conditions. Thermal power units occupy an important position in the power system, and the stability and adjustability of their output play a crucial role in stabilizing the system frequency.

[0170] Application of Frequency Regulation Relationships: Using the frequency regulation relationships established earlier, analyze the relationship between the adjustable power of primary frequency regulation of thermal power units and the system frequency change under different load rates and operating conditions. Based on the frequency regulation relationships, determine the frequency regulation support range and corresponding constraints that thermal power units can provide while ensuring system frequency stability.

[0171] Comprehensive constraint determination: Taking into account the output constraints of thermal power units, frequency regulation relationships, and other system operation limitations (such as grid security and stability requirements), the constraints that the power system must meet are determined. These constraints will ensure that the system can maintain frequency stability and safe operation in the face of various disturbances and load changes.

[0172] The steps for constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model for a power system include:

[0173] Model Integration and Construction: The released power and constraints determined in the previous steps will be integrated, and combined with the frequency response model of the power system, a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system will be constructed. This model is a mathematical model that comprehensively considers the dynamic frequency characteristics of the system, the frequency regulation capability of thermal power units, and other operational constraints, and can accurately describe the frequency changes and safety and stability of the power system during dynamic processes.

[0174] Model Validation and Optimization: The constructed dynamic frequency safety constraint model is validated and optimized. The accuracy and reliability of the model are checked by comparing it with operational data from actual systems. Simultaneously, the model is adjusted and optimized based on the validation results to improve its performance and application value.

[0175] By constructing a dynamic frequency safety constraint model, it is possible to monitor and analyze the frequency changes of the power system in real time, promptly detect abnormal frequency fluctuations, and take corresponding control measures. The constraints and frequency regulation mechanisms in the model can guide power sources such as thermal power units to reasonably adjust their output, ensuring that the system frequency fluctuates within the allowable range and avoiding damage to power equipment and users due to excessively high or low frequencies.

[0176] Accurately assessing the frequency regulation capability of thermal power units and the constraints of system operation helps in the rational planning of power source layout and dispatch strategies, thereby improving the reliability and security of the power system. In the face of sudden faults, significant load changes, and other emergencies, it enables a rapid response, maintaining stable system operation and preventing large-scale power outages.

[0177] Figure 2This invention provides a dynamic frequency response model for power systems. The frequency dynamic process of a power system refers to the process by which the power system's frequency transitions from a normal steady-state value to a new steady-state value (or loses stability, resulting in frequency collapse) after power disturbances such as generator trips or load increases / decreases. Among frequency problems, low-frequency problems are more difficult to solve than high-frequency problems. When frequency regulation capability is insufficient, high-frequency problems can be solved by generator tripping, while solving low-frequency problems by load shedding incurs a much higher control cost. Therefore, this invention focuses on low-frequency problems caused by power deficits. During the frequency dynamic process of a power system, the frequencies measured at each bus in the system will exhibit different spatiotemporal distribution characteristics. If the influence of network structure is ignored and the dynamic characteristics of the speed governor are retained, a model can be established as follows: Figure 2 The model shown is the Average System Frequency (ASF).

[0178]

[0179] in, For power disturbance, The total moment of inertia of the system is equal to the sum of the moments of inertia of all operating units. This is the frequency load regulation effect coefficient. This refers to the power released by the generator prime mover governor. The frequency exhibits a maximum rate of decrease at the instant of disturbance, with a value of [value missing]. .

[0180] According to such Figure 2 The Average System Frequency (ASF) model shown constructs a frequency difference curve expression for a typical frequency dynamic characteristic curve during frequency descent:

[0181]

[0182] The constructed frequency difference curve passes through the point , These represent the moment when the lowest frequency point occurs and the magnitude of the frequency deviation at the lowest frequency point, respectively, when a disturbance occurs.

[0183] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the frequency dynamic curve provided by the present invention. Figure 3 A typical frequency response function is fitted using an exponential function curve, where the initial rate of change of the curve must be the same as the initial rate of change of the frequency, and the curve must pass through... At this point, the fitting yields:

[0184]

[0185]

[0186] The frequency response function G(s) of the prime mover system was fitted using the least squares method to obtain:

[0187]

[0188] In the formula, Let represent the frequency response coefficient, reheat steam volumetric time constant, and high-pressure cylinder power ratio of the i-th thermal power unit, respectively. By constructing the frequency dynamic curve, the power released by the governor and prime mover over time can be obtained as follows:

[0189]

[0190] Because the dynamic process of the i-system frequency at equilibrium can be described by the following equation:

[0191]

[0192] in, For power disturbance, The total moment of inertia of the system is equal to the sum of the moments of inertia of all operating units. This is the frequency load regulation effect coefficient. This refers to the power released by the generator prime mover governor. The frequency exhibits a maximum rate of decrease at the instant of disturbance, with a value of [value missing]. During the frequency dynamics process following power disturbance, when When the value is zero, The rate of change is zero, at which point the system frequency reaches its minimum value; let's assume it's zero. That is, the system frequency deviation reaches its maximum value when the power released by the prime mover system and the load just balances the initial power deficit. Assume the time for the system frequency deviation to reach its maximum value is... Then in At any given moment, the power supplied by the prime mover system and the load is exactly equal to the initial power deficit of the system, i.e. .in, For the unit The power provided by the prime mover system , This refers to the number of units participating in primary frequency regulation in the system.

[0193] From another perspective, if in The time-based system satisfies the following constraints:

[0194]

[0195] The system frequency deviation reaches The frequency deviation will stop decreasing soon, and the maximum frequency deviation of the system will be less than [a certain value]. .

[0196] Therefore, the specific power released by each prime mover is... Substituting the above expression into the constraint conditions, we obtain the final constraint expression. That is, combining the previous frequency curve construction and constraint condition expression, we can obtain the final frequency safety constraint expression as follows:

[0197]

[0198] In the formula, For power disturbance, The total moment of inertia of the system is equal to the sum of the moments of inertia of all operating units. This is the frequency load regulation effect coefficient. The power released by the generator prime mover governor.

[0199] In some embodiments of the present invention, based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, an economic scheduling model with economic optimization as its objective and embedded with frequency security constraints is constructed. The objective function of the economic scheduling model is:

[0200]

[0201] In the formula, Total power generation cost; For the unit In the The cost of generating electricity at any given time is mainly the cost corresponding to the consumption of fossil fuels; For the unit Startup costs; This represents the total number of generating units. Total number of time periods; Indicates the first time, ; Indicates the first Taiwanese unit, ; For the unit In the The state at any given moment, =1 indicates that the unit is in operation; =0 indicates that the unit is in a shutdown state.

[0202] unit The cost of electricity generation can be expressed as a quadratic function:

[0203]

[0204] In the formula , , For the unit Parameters of the power generation cost function; For the unit exist The actual output at any given moment.

[0205] The traditional constraints are established as follows:

[0206] The following constraints must be met during the optimization process of the unit combination problem.

[0207] (1) Power balance constraint

[0208] The total power generation of all operating units must be balanced with the load:

[0209]

[0210] In the formula, for Total load of the time system for Lower limit of the wind power forecast range at any given time.

[0211] (2) Rotational spare constraint

[0212] Considering system reliability, the unit should also provide sufficient spinning reserve constraints:

[0213]

[0214] In the formula For the unit Maximum output; For the first Total load of the time system for Backup capacity of the timekeeping system. In this embodiment of the invention, It is taken as 5% of the total load.

[0215] (3) Minimum start-stop time constraint

[0216] The unit can only be stopped or started again after running or being shut down for a period of time, satisfying the minimum start-stop time constraint:

[0217]

[0218] In the formula For the unit Minimum runtime, For the unit Minimum downtime.

[0219] (4) Unit output constraints

[0220] The output of each unit should be within a certain range.

[0221]

[0222] In the formula For the unit The lower limit of output, in the formula For the unit The upper limit of output.

[0223] (6) Unit ramp rate constraint

[0224]

[0225] In the formula, and The units The upper and lower limits of the power increase and decrease.

[0226] Based on traditional constraints, dynamic frequency security constraint models, and the objective function of an economic scheduling model that aims for economic optimization and incorporates frequency security constraints, the optimal economic scheduling operation strategy that satisfies frequency security constraints can be obtained by using a solver.

[0227] Figure 4 This is the second flowchart of an economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency security constraints of thermal power units provided by this invention. By acquiring power system operation data and actual operating condition data of thermal power units when renewable energy is integrated into the power system, the following steps are taken: The power system operation data includes at least the penetration rate change data of the renewable energy integration into the power system; based on the penetration rate change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units, the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation up-regulation capability of the thermal power units and their actual operating conditions is quantified; based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship, a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system is constructed; based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, an economic dispatch model with economic optimization as the objective and embedded with frequency security constraints is constructed, and an economic dispatch operation strategy is generated according to the economic dispatch model.

[0228] The embodiments provided by this invention construct an economic dispatch model embedded with frequency security constraints by comprehensively considering frequency security constraints and the operating conditions of thermal power units, and then generate an economic dispatch operation strategy, which can significantly improve the stability and economy of the power system.

[0229] The following describes the economic dispatching device based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints provided by the present invention. The economic dispatching device based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints described below can be referred to in correspondence with the economic dispatching method based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints described above.

[0230] like Figure 5 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of an economic dispatching device based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints provided by the present invention. The economic dispatching device based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints includes the following modules:

[0231] The acquisition module 510 is used to acquire the operation data of the power system and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit when the power system is connected to the new energy power; wherein, the operation data of the power system includes at least the penetration rate change data of the power system connected to the new energy power.

[0232] The frequency regulation relationship module 520 is used to quantify the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation up-regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit based on the permeability change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit.

[0233] The module 530 for constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model is used to construct a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship.

[0234] The module 540 for generating economic scheduling operation strategies is used to construct an economic scheduling model with economic optimization as the objective and embedded with frequency security constraints based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, so as to generate an economic scheduling operation strategy according to the economic scheduling model.

[0235] Preferably, the economic dispatching device based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units provided by the present invention is specifically used to calculate the load rate of thermal power units based on the actual operating condition data of thermal power units;

[0236] Based on the load rate and permeability change data of the thermal power unit, a coupling model is constructed between the primary frequency regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit. The coupling model characterizes the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit.

[0237] Preferably, the economic dispatching device based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints provided by the present invention uses the following formula to calculate the actual operating condition data of thermal power units:

[0238]

[0239] In the formula, Main steam flow rate, The valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, Main steam valve opening;

[0240] The relationship between the given power of a thermal power unit and the main steam flow rate is expressed by the following formula:

[0241]

[0242] In the formula, To provide power to thermal power units This refers to the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder. The power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, It is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinder.

[0243] Preferably, the economic dispatching device based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units provided by the present invention is specifically used to characterize the primary frequency regulation up-adjustable power of the thermal power unit by calculating the primary frequency regulation up-adjustable power of the thermal power unit.

[0244] Specifically, the adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation of the thermal power unit is represented by the unit output power when the main steam valve is fully open (1), minus the unit output power before regulation; the thermal power unit operates under constant pressure when the load rate is less than 30% and when the load rate is greater than 90%; and the thermal power unit operates under sliding pressure when the load rate is greater than 30% and less than 90%.

[0245] When a thermal power unit operates under sliding pressure, the valve opening of the main steam valve of the thermal power unit is a fixed value. ;

[0246] The valve opening of the main steam valve in the thermal power unit is a fixed value. And when the unit output power of the thermal power unit is In the case of this, the adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation of the thermal power unit is calculated as follows:

[0247]

[0248] In the formula, for Main steam pressure under operating conditions Main steam flow rate, The valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, Main steam valve opening To provide power to thermal power units This refers to the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder. The power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, It is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinder;

[0249] When the unit output power of thermal power unit The output of the unit exceeds the upper limit of the sliding pressure operation mode. And maintain the main steam pressure at Assuming the power remains constant, the adjustable power of a thermal power unit under primary frequency regulation is calculated using the following formula:

[0250]

[0251] In the formula, The upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode Main steam pressure under operating conditions Main steam flow rate, The valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, Main steam valve opening To provide power to thermal power units This refers to the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder. The power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, The sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders. This refers to the upper limit of the unit's output in sliding pressure operation mode;

[0252] When the unit output power of thermal power unit The lower limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode When calculating the adjustable power of a thermal power unit under primary frequency regulation, the following formula is used:

[0253]

[0254] In the formula, the unit output power of the thermal power unit is , Main steam pressure, Main steam valve opening To provide power to thermal power units This represents the lower limit of the unit's output in sliding pressure operation mode.

[0255] Preferably, the economic dispatching device based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units provided by the present invention is specifically used to divide the adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation of the thermal power unit by the thermal power installed capacity to obtain the thermal power load factor for the corresponding operating condition. The frequency modulation relationship between the adjustable power per unit value and the primary frequency modulation is determined by the following formula:

[0256]

[0257] In the formula, , , These represent the upper limit load rate, lower limit load rate, and actual thermal power load rate of the thermal power unit when using the sliding pressure method, respectively, with the main steam valve opening of the thermal power unit being a fixed value. ;

[0258] The specific calculation formulas for the upper limit load factor, lower limit load factor, and actual thermal power load factor of thermal power units are as follows:

[0259]

[0260] In the formula, , These refer to the upper limit load rate, lower limit load rate, and actual thermal power load rate of thermal power units when using the sliding pressure method. This represents the lower limit of the unit's output in sliding pressure operation mode. This refers to the upper limit of the unit's output in sliding pressure operation mode. P 额定容量 Rated capacity of thermal power plants;

[0261] The load factor of thermal power units is calculated as follows:

[0262]

[0263] In the formula, For the load rate of thermal power units, , These are the output of thermal power plants and the total load of thermal power plants on the entire grid, respectively. Represents the total installed capacity of thermal power plants across the entire grid. This data represents the changes in the penetration rate of new energy power.

[0264] Preferably, the economic dispatching device based on the operating conditions and frequency security constraints of thermal power units provided by the present invention is specifically used to draw a frequency dynamic curve based on the frequency response model of the power system, and to construct a frequency difference curve expression based on the frequency dynamic curve.

[0265] The power released by the governor and the prime mover over time is determined by fitting the frequency difference curve expression and the frequency response function of the prime mover system.

[0266] Based on the different unit outputs of thermal power units and the frequency regulation relationship, the constraints that the power system must meet for operation are determined.

[0267] Based on the released power and the constraints, a dynamic frequency security constraint model for the power system is constructed.

[0268] This invention provides an economic dispatch method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium based on the operating conditions of thermal power units and frequency security constraints. It acquires power system operation data and actual operating condition data of thermal power units when renewable energy is integrated into the power system. The power system operation data includes at least the penetration rate change data of the renewable energy integration into the power system. Based on the penetration rate change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units, it quantifies the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation up-regulation capability of the thermal power units and their actual operating conditions. Based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship, it constructs a dynamic frequency security constraint model for the power system. Based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, it constructs an economic dispatch model with economic optimization as the objective and embedded with frequency security constraints, and generates an economic dispatch operation strategy based on the economic dispatch model. By comprehensively considering frequency security constraints and thermal power unit operating conditions, constructing an economic dispatch model embedded with frequency security constraints, and then generating an economic dispatch operation strategy, it can significantly improve the stability and economy of the power system.

[0269] Figure 6 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 610, a communications interface 620, a memory 630, and a communications bus 640, wherein the processor 610, the communications interface 620, and the memory 630 communicate with each other through the communications bus 640. The processor 610 can call logic instructions in the memory 630 to execute an economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions of thermal power units and frequency security constraints. This method includes: acquiring power system operation data and actual operating condition data of thermal power units when the power system is connected to renewable energy sources; wherein the power system operation data includes at least the penetration rate change data of the renewable energy sources connected to the power system; quantifying the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation up-regulation capability of the thermal power units and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power units based on the penetration rate change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units; constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship; and constructing an economic dispatch model with economic optimization as the objective and embedded with frequency security constraints based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, so as to generate an economic dispatch operation strategy according to the economic dispatch model.

[0270] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 630 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0271] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency security constraints of thermal power units provided by the above methods. The method includes: acquiring the operating data of the power system and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units when the power system is connected to new energy power; wherein, the operating data of the power system includes at least the penetration rate change data of the power system connected to the new energy power; quantifying the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation up-regulation capability of the thermal power units and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power units based on the penetration rate change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units; constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship; and constructing an economic dispatch model with economic optimization as the objective and embedded with frequency security constraints based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, so as to generate an economic dispatch operation strategy according to the economic dispatch model.

[0272] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency security constraints of thermal power units provided by the above methods. The method includes: acquiring power system operation data and actual operating condition data of thermal power units when the power system is connected to new energy power; wherein the power system operation data includes at least the penetration rate change data of the power system connected to the new energy power; quantifying the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation up-regulation capability of the thermal power units and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power units based on the penetration rate change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units; constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship; and constructing an economic dispatch model with economic optimization as the objective and embedded with frequency security constraints based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, so as to generate an economic dispatch operation strategy according to the economic dispatch model.

[0273] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0274] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0275] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An economical dispatching method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units, characterized in that, include: When the power system is connected to new energy power, the operation data of the power system and the actual operating condition data of thermal power units are obtained; wherein, the operation data of the power system includes at least the penetration rate change data of the power system connected to the new energy power. Based on the permeability change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit, the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation up-regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating condition of the thermal power unit is quantified. Based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship, a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system is constructed. Based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, an economic scheduling model with economic optimization as the objective and embedded with frequency security constraints is constructed, so as to generate an economic scheduling operation strategy according to the economic scheduling model.

2. The economic dispatch method based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of quantifying the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation capability of the thermal power unit and its actual operating conditions, based on the permeability change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit, includes: Calculate the load rate of thermal power units based on actual operating data of thermal power units. Based on the load rate and permeability change data of the thermal power unit, a coupling model is constructed between the primary frequency regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit. The coupling model characterizes the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit.

3. The economic dispatch method based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: The formula for calculating the actual operating conditions of thermal power units is as follows: In the formula, Main steam flow rate, For valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, Main steam valve opening; The relationship between the given power of a thermal power unit and the main steam flow rate is expressed by the following formula: In the formula, To provide power to thermal power units This refers to the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder. The power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, It is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinder.

4. The economic dispatch method based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: The calculated adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation of the thermal power unit characterizes the primary frequency regulation capability of the thermal power unit. Specifically, the adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation of the thermal power unit is represented by the unit output power when the main steam valve is fully open (1), minus the unit output power before regulation; the thermal power unit operates under constant pressure when the load rate is less than 30% and when the load rate is greater than 90%; and the thermal power unit operates under sliding pressure when the load rate is greater than 30% and less than 90%. When a thermal power unit operates under sliding pressure, the valve opening of the main steam valve of the thermal power unit is a fixed value. ; The valve opening of the main steam valve in the thermal power unit is a fixed value. And when the unit output power of the thermal power unit is In the case of this, the adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation of the thermal power unit is calculated as follows: In the formula, for Main steam pressure under operating conditions. Main steam flow rate, For valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, Main steam valve opening To provide power to thermal power units This refers to the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder. The power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, It is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinder; When the unit output power of thermal power units The output of the unit exceeds the upper limit of the sliding pressure operation mode. And maintain the main steam pressure at Assuming the power remains constant, the adjustable power of a thermal power unit under primary frequency regulation is calculated using the following formula: In the formula, The upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode Main steam pressure under operating conditions. Main steam flow rate, For valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, Main steam valve opening To provide power to thermal power units This refers to the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder. The power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, The sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders. This refers to the upper limit of the unit's output in sliding pressure operation mode; When the unit output power of thermal power units The lower limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode When calculating the adjustable power of a thermal power unit under primary frequency regulation, the following formula is used: In the formula, the unit output power of the thermal power unit is , Main steam pressure, Main steam valve opening To provide power to thermal power units This represents the lower limit of the unit's output in sliding pressure operation mode.

5. The economic dispatch method based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Divide the adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation of the thermal power unit by the installed capacity of the thermal power unit and standardize it in per unit to obtain the thermal power load factor for the corresponding operating condition. The frequency modulation relationship between the adjustable power per unit value and the primary frequency modulation is determined by the following formula: In the formula, , , These represent the upper limit load rate, lower limit load rate, and actual thermal power load rate of the thermal power unit when using the sliding pressure method, respectively, with the main steam valve opening of the thermal power unit being a fixed value. ; The specific calculation formulas for the upper limit load factor, lower limit load factor, and actual thermal power load factor of thermal power units are as follows: In the formula, , These refer to the upper limit load rate, lower limit load rate, and actual thermal power load rate of thermal power units when using the sliding pressure method. This represents the lower limit of the unit's output in sliding pressure operation mode. This refers to the upper limit of the unit's output in sliding pressure operation mode. P 额定容量 Rated capacity of thermal power plants; The load factor of thermal power units is calculated as follows: In the formula, For the load rate of thermal power units, , These are the output of thermal power plants and the total load of thermal power plants on the entire grid, respectively. Represents the installed capacity of thermal power plants across the entire grid. This data represents the changes in the penetration rate of new energy power.

6. The economic dispatch method based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of the dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship includes: Based on the frequency response model of the power system, a frequency dynamic curve is plotted, and based on the frequency dynamic curve, an expression for the frequency difference curve is constructed. The power released by the governor and the prime mover over time is determined by fitting the frequency difference curve expression and the frequency response function of the prime mover system. Based on the different unit outputs of thermal power units and the frequency regulation relationship, the constraints that the power system must meet for operation are determined. Based on the released power and the constraints, a dynamic frequency security constraint model for the power system is constructed.

7. An economical dispatching device based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the operation data of the power system and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units when the power system is connected to new energy power; wherein, the operation data of the power system includes at least the penetration rate change data of the power system connected to the new energy power. The frequency regulation relationship module is used to quantify the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation up-regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit based on the permeability change data and the actual operating conditions data of the thermal power unit. A module for constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model is used to construct a dynamic frequency security constraint model for the power system based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship. The module for generating economic scheduling operation strategies is used to construct an economic scheduling model with economic optimization as the objective and embedded with frequency security constraints based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, so as to generate economic scheduling operation strategies according to the economic scheduling model.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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