Sectional pulse charging control method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery pack charging control, and particularly discloses a sectional pulse charging control method and system, and the method comprises the steps: dividing a charging process into a plurality of charging intervals; a buffer zone is arranged between every two adjacent intervals; constructing a pulse control objective function; optimizing the initial parameters in combination with a particle swarm algorithm; performing transition control on the pulse amplitude and the duty ratio in the buffer zone, and fusing the optimization signal and the buffer signal to generate a final charging control instruction; compared with the prior art that a fixed current pulse or a simple segmented threshold hopping strategy is mostly adopted, voltage sudden change and severe temperature rise are likely to occur, and particularly under a nonlinear charging working condition, flexible transition of control parameters and service life-friendly charging adjustment are difficult to achieve, the method has the advantages that due to a buffer transition mechanism, the service life of the battery is prolonged, and the service life of the battery is prolonged. And pulse parameters are dynamically adjusted in combination with multi-objective optimization, so that the stability of charging control is improved and the cycle life of the battery pack is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery pack charging control, and in particular to a segmented pulse charging control method and system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, pulse charging technology has been widely used in various fields such as portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems as an important means to improve the charging efficiency of lithium batteries, slow down the polarization effect, and reduce the accumulation of temperature rise. Compared with the traditional constant current-constant voltage charging method, pulse charging can give the battery a short "recovery time" by periodically switching the current on and off, thereby achieving higher ion migration efficiency and thermal control capabilities, which has good theoretical advantages. However, existing pulse charging methods generally have the following shortcomings:

[0003] On the one hand, most technologies adopt a "static pulse" strategy with fixed amplitude, fixed duty cycle and constant period, and fail to dynamically adjust the pulse parameters according to factors such as the battery's SOC status, temperature changes or internal resistance aging, making it difficult to take into account the optimal charging requirements at different stages.

[0004] On the other hand, during the actual charging process, the battery state of charge changes with obvious nonlinearity, and the response characteristics of different SOC stages to pulse amplitude, frequency and duty cycle vary significantly. For example, when the SOC is in the middle range, the battery can withstand higher charging power, but when the SOC approaches the full charge range (such as 80% to 100%), the current needs to be reduced to avoid lithium deposition, overvoltage and overheating problems. However, most traditional technologies are based on fixed threshold segment switching strategies, lacking a transition mechanism at the parameter switching point, and are prone to voltage jumps. In addition, although some improved strategies introduce SOC segment control logic, they are not coordinated with intelligent optimization algorithms. It is difficult to construct a customized optimal pulse strategy for each charging state, and it is even more impossible to achieve continuous adjustment of parameters at the junction of strategy segments. The control response is very rigid and the adaptability is weak. Therefore, existing technologies cannot fully meet the engineering requirements of achieving efficient, safe and life-friendly pulse charging control under multi-objective constraints.

[0005] To address the above problems, it is urgent to propose an intelligent pulse charging method and system that introduces an SOC segmentation mechanism, combines a multi-objective optimization algorithm, and sets a buffer zone between charging segments to achieve a smooth transition of control parameters, so as to adapt to the high standards of efficiency, safety and life comprehensive performance under complex environments and battery state evolution conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the above-mentioned technical deficiencies, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a segmented pulse charging control method, which aims to solve the technical problems that the existing technology mostly adopts fixed current pulses or simple segmented threshold jump strategies, which are prone to voltage mutations and drastic temperature rises, especially under nonlinear charging conditions, and is difficult to achieve flexible transition of control parameters and life-friendly charging regulation.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a segmented pulse charging control method,

[0008] The segmented pulse charging control method includes:

[0009] Step S10: acquiring charging process information, and dividing the charging process into adjacent first charging interval, second charging interval, and third charging interval using a SOC-based control mechanism;

[0010] Step S20: Setting a first charging buffer zone and a second charging buffer zone for adjacent charging intervals, and further setting an initial pulse charging signal for each charging interval; wherein the initial pulse charging signal includes an initial signal amplitude I pulse , initial signal duty cycle D and initial signal period T;

[0011] Step S30: Introduce the life stress factor, charging efficiency factor and control thermal safety factor to construct the pulse control objective function; optimize the initial pulse control parameters based on the pulse control objective function in combination with the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the optimized pulse charging signal; wherein, the optimized pulse charging signal includes optimizing the signal amplitude I opt , optimize the signal duty cycle D opt and the optimized signal period T opt ;

[0012] Step S40: In the first charging buffer zone and the second charging buffer zone, the optimized signal amplitude I in the optimized pulse charging signal is opt and optimize the signal duty cycle D opt Perform parameter turbulence transition control to obtain the buffer signal amplitude and the buffer signal duty cycle;

[0013] Step S50: generating a final pulse control instruction by fusing the buffer signal amplitude, the buffer signal duty cycle and the optimized pulse charging signal.

[0014] Preferably, in step S10, the step of dividing the charging process into adjacent first charging interval, second charging interval and third charging interval using an SOC-based control mechanism specifically includes:

[0015] Step S101: Obtaining historical SOC characteristic curves of the battery pack, the SOC characteristic curves including SOC time curves, cell voltage SOC curves, and temperature rise SOC curves; wherein the voltage SOC curve is used to determine the critical charging rate region, and the temperature rise SOC curve is used to identify high-risk thermal sensitive sections;

[0016] Step S102: setting a first segmentation threshold T1 and a second segmentation threshold T2 according to the SOC characteristic curve, wherein the first segmentation threshold T1 is smaller than the second segmentation threshold T2;

[0017] Step S103: Divide the charging process into adjacent first, second, and third charging intervals according to the first segmentation threshold T1 and the second segmentation threshold T2; wherein the first charging interval is used to represent the fast activation charging segment, the second charging interval is used to represent the main charging high-efficiency segment, and the third charging interval is used to represent the trickle life protection segment.

[0018] Preferably, in step S20, the step of setting a first charging buffer zone and a second charging buffer zone for adjacent charging intervals specifically includes:

[0019] For the adjacent first charging interval, second charging interval, and third charging interval divided in step S10, determining SOC boundary points of the adjacent intervals, including a first boundary point between the first charging interval and the second charging interval and a second boundary point between the second charging interval and the third charging interval;

[0020] Buffer band widths are set on both sides of the first junction point and the second junction point, respectively, to form a first charging buffer band and a second charging buffer band. The first charging buffer band and the second charging buffer band are used to undertake strategy switching between the two charging intervals to prevent transient mutations in pulse current, voltage or temperature. The buffer band width is set according to the battery type or polarization time constant.

[0021] Preferably, in step S30, the life stress factor, the charging efficiency factor and the control thermal safety factor are introduced to construct a pulse control objective function; the initial pulse control parameters are optimized according to the pulse control objective function in combination with the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain an optimized pulse charging signal; wherein, the optimized pulse charging signal includes optimizing the signal amplitude I opt , optimize the signal duty cycle D opt and the optimized signal period T opt The steps include:

[0022] Step S301: Introducing life stress factor F life , charging efficiency factor F eff and control thermal safety factor F thermalThe life stress factor is used to reflect the impact of different pulse signals on the battery cycle life. The charging efficiency factor is used to measure the effective charging capacity per unit time. The control thermal safety factor is used to constrain the temperature rise rate caused by the pulse to not exceed the safety threshold. According to the life stress factor F life , charging efficiency factor F eff and control thermal safety factor F thermal Construct the impulse control objective function minF, minF = w1F life +

[0023] wF eff +w3F thermal , where w1, w2, and w3 are dynamically adjusted factor weights;

[0024] Among them, the life stress factor F life Expressed as:

[0025] F life =α1(V(t)-V thr ) 2 +α2(T(t)-T opt ) 2 +α3R int (t)

[0026] Where V(t) is the measured voltage at time t, V thr is the preset voltage upper limit, T(t) is the measured temperature at time t, T opt is the preset standard operating temperature, α1, α2, α3 are stress weighting factors;

[0027] Step S302: Introduce the particle swarm optimization algorithm and define the initial population of the particle swarm algorithm. The control parameter dimensions of the initial population of the particle swarm algorithm include the signal amplitude I f , signal duty cycle D f and signal period T f , where the signal amplitude setting range is [0.1C, 2C], the signal duty cycle setting range is [10%, 90%], the signal period setting range is 5-60 seconds, and each individual in the initial population of the particle swarm algorithm represents a candidate pulse scheme (I f ,D f ,T f );

[0028] Step S303: The pulse control objective function minF in step S301 is set as the fitness function of the particle swarm optimization algorithm, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm is iteratively updated on the candidate pulse scheme to obtain an optimized pulse charging signal.

[0029] Preferably, in step S10, the charging process information includes state of charge, voltage, temperature and internal resistance, wherein the state of charge is calculated by a preset battery management system; the voltage and temperature are collected by a preset voltage sampling circuit and a temperature sensor respectively; and the internal resistance is calculated by a preset voltage response model.

[0030] Preferably, in step S40, in the first charging buffer zone and the second charging buffer zone, the optimized signal amplitude I in the optimized pulse charging signal is opt and optimize the signal duty cycle D opt The step of performing parameter turbulence transition control to obtain the buffer signal amplitude and the buffer signal duty cycle specifically includes:

[0031] The buffer signal amplitude is obtained by performing a two-factor interpolation calculation based on the signal amplitudes I1 and I2 of the previous and next charging intervals, combined with the current SOC and the temperature rise ΔT.

[0032] The signal duty ratios D1 and D2 of the previous charging interval and the next charging interval are used as endpoints. Combined with the current SOC and the temperature rise ΔT, a double-factor interpolation calculation is performed to obtain the buffer signal duty ratio.

[0033] Preferably, in step S40, the calculation formula of the buffer signal amplitude is:

[0034]

[0035] Where SOC0 is the SOC value of the center of the buffer zone, k1 and k2 are smoothing control coefficients, ΔT(t) = T(t) - T0, T(t) is the current temperature value, T0 is the temperature value of the center of the buffer zone, and exp is the exponential function.

[0036] The present invention also provides a segmented pulse charging control system comprising:

[0037] a segment division module, configured to divide the charging process into adjacent first charging interval, second charging interval, and third charging interval using a SOC-based control mechanism;

[0038] The initial signal configuration module is used to set the first charging buffer zone and the second charging buffer zone for adjacent charging intervals, and further set the initial pulse charging signal for each charging interval; wherein the initial pulse charging signal includes the initial signal amplitude I pulse , initial signal duty cycle D and initial signal period T;

[0039] The objective function optimization module is used to introduce the life stress factor, charging efficiency factor and control thermal safety factor to construct the pulse control objective function; according to the pulse control objective function, the initial pulse control parameters are optimized in combination with the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the optimized pulse charging signal; wherein, the optimized pulse charging signal includes optimizing the signal amplitude I opt , optimize the signal duty cycle D opt and the optimized signal period T opt ;

[0040] The buffer transition control module is used to optimize the signal amplitude I in the optimized pulse charging signal in the first charging buffer zone and the second charging buffer zone. opt and optimize the signal duty cycle D opt Perform parameter turbulence transition control to obtain the buffer signal amplitude and the buffer signal duty cycle;

[0041] The control instruction fusion module is used to fuse the buffer signal amplitude, the buffer signal duty cycle and the optimized pulse charging signal to generate the final pulse control instruction.

[0042] The present invention also provides a computer program product, comprising a segmented pulse charging control program, wherein the segmented pulse charging control program implements the segmented pulse charging control method when executed by a processor.

[0043] The beneficial effects of this invention are: through a segmented control mechanism based on SOC and a smooth transition design for the buffer zone, problems such as sudden voltage rise and temperature instability caused by sudden changes in charging strategy during the battery pack charging process are avoided. This enables continuous adjustment of charging parameters at different charging stages, improving control stability and flexibility.

[0044] With the help of the particle swarm optimization algorithm, the optimal pulse amplitude, duty cycle and period are dynamically matched in each SOC range. Combined with the life stress factor and thermal safety constraints, the charging process of the battery pack effectively delays the aging of the battery cells while ensuring efficiency, significantly improving the cycle life and charging safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0046] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a first embodiment of a segmented pulse charging control method of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of equipment for a segmented pulse charging control method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] Example 1: Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the first embodiment of the segmented pulse charging control method of the present invention, which provides the first embodiment of the segmented pulse charging control method of the present invention.

[0050] In a first embodiment, the segmented pulse charging control method includes:

[0051] Step S10: acquiring charging process information, and dividing the charging process into adjacent first charging interval, second charging interval, and third charging interval using a SOC-based control mechanism;

[0052] It should be noted that, in step S10, the step of dividing the charging process into adjacent first charging interval, second charging interval, and third charging interval using the SOC-based control mechanism specifically includes:

[0053] Step S101: Obtaining historical SOC characteristic curves of the battery pack, the SOC characteristic curves including SOC time curves, cell voltage SOC curves, and temperature rise SOC curves; wherein the voltage SOC curve is used to determine the critical charging rate region, and the temperature rise SOC curve is used to identify high-risk thermal sensitive sections;

[0054] Step S102: setting a first segmentation threshold T1 and a second segmentation threshold T2 according to the SOC characteristic curve, wherein the first segmentation threshold T1 is smaller than the second segmentation threshold T2;

[0055] Step S103: Divide the charging process into adjacent first, second, and third charging intervals according to the first segmentation threshold T1 and the second segmentation threshold T2; wherein the first charging interval is used to represent the fast activation charging segment, the second charging interval is used to represent the main charging high-efficiency segment, and the third charging interval is used to represent the trickle life protection segment.

[0056] The SOC-based control mechanism models the relationship between the real-time SOC value and the historical charging characteristic curve during battery charging, dividing the SOC range into different charging characteristic segments. By segmenting the pulse parameters within different SOC intervals, it helps achieve phased control objectives, such as early activation, mid-term acceleration, and late-stage protection.

[0057] It is understandable that since the battery pack's charge acceptance varies significantly across different SOC ranges, a unified pulse strategy will result in overcharging or undercharging. By dividing the charge range into the first, second, and third ranges and matching the strategy accordingly, the control can achieve optimal efficiency and battery protection in each stage.

[0058] It should be understood that the charging interval is not set based on a single threshold, but is comprehensively defined in combination with the charging temperature rise curve, voltage change curve and internal resistance response characteristics of the battery pack, and a buffer zone is set between adjacent sections to make the charging strategy switching process smooth and controllable, avoiding transient shocks caused by control jumps.

[0059] For example, during actual testing of a 2200mAh ternary lithium battery pack, when the SOC was below 30%, a peak pulse current of 1.5C was permitted. However, if high-current pulses were continued when the SOC exceeded 80%, the battery pack voltage would rapidly approach the upper limit (4.2V) within 1 minute, triggering the BMS current limit. Therefore, by adopting the SOC segmented control method of this embodiment, which automatically switches to 0.5C buffer pulse control in the high SOC range, the voltage growth rate can be reduced by 42% and the temperature rise by approximately 3.8°C, effectively improving the safety and lifespan of the battery pack at the end of charging.

[0060] Step S20: Setting a first charging buffer zone and a second charging buffer zone for adjacent charging intervals, and further setting an initial pulse charging signal for each charging interval; wherein the initial pulse charging signal includes an initial signal amplitude I pulse , initial signal duty cycle D and initial signal period T;

[0061] It should be noted that, in step S20, the step of setting the first charging buffer zone and the second charging buffer zone for adjacent charging intervals specifically includes: for the adjacent first charging interval, second charging interval and third charging interval divided in step S10, determining the SOC boundary points of the adjacent intervals, including the first intersection point between the first charging interval and the second charging interval and the second intersection point between the second charging interval and the third charging interval; setting the buffer zone width on both sides of the first intersection point and the second intersection point respectively to form the first charging buffer zone and the second charging buffer zone, the first charging buffer zone and the second charging buffer zone are used to undertake the strategy switching between the two charging intervals to prevent transient mutations in pulse current, voltage or temperature; wherein the buffer zone width is set according to the battery type or polarization time constant.

[0062] Understandably, because pulse strategies corresponding to different SOC zones differ significantly in parameters such as amplitude and frequency, switching control commands directly at zone boundaries can cause instantaneous jumps in the battery pack charging current, potentially triggering voltage spikes or thermal shock. By setting a buffer zone and implementing gradual parameter control within it, the battery pack charging process is ensured to be continuous and smooth, improving control response stability.

[0063] It should be understood that compared with the traditional "segment jump" pulse control method, the present invention sets a transition zone of a certain width on both sides of the SOC boundary, allowing the pulse parameters to be gradually adjusted according to the SOC and temperature rise rate within this area, thereby constructing a "soft switching" control mechanism. This not only improves the adaptability of the strategy, but also significantly reduces the battery pack charging safety risks caused by control jumps.

[0064] For example, taking a lithium iron phosphate battery pack with a rated capacity of 4400mAh, SOC = 30% and SOC = 80% are set as the theoretical intersection points for the two-stage strategy switching. By setting a ±3% buffer zone, that is, the buffer zones are 27%-33% and 77%-83%, respectively, and using linear interpolation to adjust the pulse current and duty cycle, the current gradually transitions from 1.5C to 1.0C when the SOC reaches 33%, and the duty cycle is adjusted from 80% to 65%. Experiments show that after introducing the buffer zone mechanism, the maximum voltage amplitude at the switching moment is reduced by approximately 48%, the battery cell temperature rise is reduced by approximately 2.7°C, the charging process is smoother, and the charging safety and strategy stability of the battery pack are significantly improved.

[0065] Step S30: Introduce the life stress factor, charging efficiency factor and control thermal safety factor to construct the pulse control objective function; optimize the initial pulse control parameters based on the pulse control objective function in combination with the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the optimized pulse charging signal; wherein, the optimized pulse charging signal includes optimizing the signal amplitude I opt , optimize the signal duty cycle Dopt and the optimized signal period T opt ;

[0066] It should be noted that, in step S30, the life stress factor, charging efficiency factor and control thermal safety factor are introduced to construct the pulse control objective function; the initial pulse control parameters are optimized according to the pulse control objective function combined with the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the optimized pulse charging signal; wherein, the optimized pulse charging signal includes optimizing the signal amplitude I opt , optimize the signal duty cycle D opt and the optimized signal period T opt The steps include:

[0067] Step S301: Introducing life stress factor F life , charging efficiency factor F eff and control thermal safety factor F thermal The life stress factor is used to reflect the impact of different pulse signals on the battery cycle life. The charging efficiency factor is used to measure the effective charging capacity per unit time. The control thermal safety factor is used to constrain the temperature rise rate caused by the pulse to not exceed the safety threshold. According to the life stress factor F life , charging efficiency factor F eff and control thermal safety factor F thermal Construct the impulse control objective function minF, minF = w1F life +

[0068] wF eff +w3F thermal , where w1, w2, and w3 are dynamically adjusted factor weights;

[0069] Among them, the life stress factor F life Expressed as:

[0070] F life =α1(V(t)-V thr ) 2 +α2(T(t)-T opt ) 2 +α3R int (t)

[0071] Where V(t) is the measured voltage at time t, V thr is the preset voltage upper limit, T(t) is the measured temperature at time t, T opt is the preset standard operating temperature, α1, α2, α3 are stress weighting factors;

[0072] Step S302: Introduce the particle swarm optimization algorithm and define the initial population of the particle swarm algorithm. The control parameter dimensions of the initial population of the particle swarm algorithm include the signal amplitude I f, signal duty cycle D f and signal period T f , where the signal amplitude setting range is [0.1C, 2C], the signal duty cycle setting range is [10%, 90%], the signal period setting range is 5-60 seconds, and each individual in the initial population of the particle swarm algorithm represents a candidate pulse scheme (I f ,D f ,T f );

[0073] Step S303: The pulse control objective function minF in step S301 is set as the fitness function of the particle swarm optimization algorithm, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm is iteratively updated on the candidate pulse scheme to obtain an optimized pulse charging signal.

[0074] It is understandable that during the charging process of a battery pack, the factors that affect life, safety, and efficiency are often intertwined and dynamically changing. If one only focuses on a single goal (such as maximizing efficiency), hidden dangers such as high voltage and high temperature are often overlooked, posing a potential threat to battery life. By incorporating the three dimensions of life stress, charging rate, and thermal constraints into the objective function and introducing a particle swarm optimization algorithm for global search, the output pulse parameters can take into account the optimal balance of multiple objectives in each SOC interval, effectively adapting to changes in battery state and various operating conditions.

[0075] It should be understood that compared with the traditional "fixed parameters + segmented experience adjustment" pulse charging method, the strategy adopted by the present invention based on multi-factor objective function construction + particle swarm optimization algorithm can adaptively adjust the pulse parameters for different battery states in each SOC interval, which not only improves the charging efficiency, but also ensures the life-friendliness and safety robustness of the control strategy at the algorithm level, and has a higher level of intelligence and adaptability.

[0076] For example, in a charging test of a lithium battery pack with a rated capacity of 3000mAh, the signal amplitude range was set to 0.5C–1.5C, the duty cycle was set to 40%–80%, and the temperature safety threshold was set to 45°C. The objective function + PSO optimization model of the present invention was used to perform strategy optimization for the SOC range (30%–80%). The results showed that the optimized solution reduced the charging time by approximately 11.6% compared to the original empirical solution, while the maximum temperature rise decreased by 3.2°C. The cycle life simulation was expected to increase by more than 120 cycles, effectively verifying the practical application value of the multi-objective collaborative optimization mechanism in battery pack charging scenarios.

[0077] Step S40: In the first charging buffer zone and the second charging buffer zone, the optimized signal amplitude I in the optimized pulse charging signal is opt and optimize the signal duty cycle D optPerform parameter turbulence transition control to obtain the buffer signal amplitude and the buffer signal duty cycle;

[0078] It should be noted that in step S40, in the first charging buffer zone and the second charging buffer zone, the optimized signal amplitude I in the optimized pulse charging signal is opt and optimize the signal duty cycle D opt The steps of performing parameter turbulence transition control to obtain the buffer signal amplitude and the buffer signal duty cycle specifically include: using the signal amplitudes I1 and I2 of the previous charging interval and the next charging interval as endpoints, combining the current SOC and the temperature rise ΔT, and performing a two-factor interpolation calculation to obtain the buffer signal amplitude; using the signal duty cycles D1 and D2 of the previous charging interval and the next charging interval as endpoints, combining the current SOC and the temperature rise ΔT, and performing a two-factor interpolation calculation to obtain the buffer signal duty cycle.

[0079] Understandably, when the battery pack's SOC approaches the segment switching point, the state of charge is influenced by both the current charge level and the temperature rise trend. Therefore, interpolation based solely on SOC may still output high pulse parameters under high-temperature conditions. By using SOC position and temperature rise rate as dual inputs for interpolation control, a more robust strategy transition can be achieved, allowing the charging process to respond to changes in safety risks while maintaining a continuous physical state.

[0080] It should be understood that compared with the prior art method of "hard switching" pulse parameters at the SOC segmentation point, the present invention achieves smooth adjustment of signal amplitude and duty cycle within the buffer band through a double-ended interpolation transition method, avoiding voltage fluctuations, overheating and other problems caused by strategy mutations, thereby improving the charging stability of the battery pack, the controller response flexibility and overall robustness.

[0081] For example, in a battery pack charging experiment, SOC = 30% was set as the switching boundary between the first and second segments. The pulse amplitude of the first segment was 1.5C and the duty cycle was 85%, while the pulse amplitude of the second segment was 1.0C and 65%, respectively. When the SOC was in the middle of the buffer zone (e.g., 32%) and the temperature rise rate reached 0.18°C / min, the output buffer signal amplitude was 1.18C and the duty cycle was 74.6% through two-factor interpolation calculation. Experimental results show that this buffering strategy reduces transient voltage overshoot by approximately 41%, smooths temperature changes, and effectively suppresses cell stress concentration caused by sudden changes in the strategy.

[0082] Step S50: generating a final pulse control instruction by fusing the buffer signal amplitude, the buffer signal duty cycle and the optimized pulse charging signal.

[0083] It should be understood that compared with the traditional method of directly outputting control instructions by relying solely on optimization calculation results, the present invention effectively eliminates the jump effect of control parameters during segment switching by introducing buffer signals to participate in the fusion process of the final instructions, and realizes strategy continuity, instruction stability and hardware execution security during the full charging process, and has stronger engineering implementation value.

[0084] For example, in a charging scenario where a lithium battery pack is charging at 78% SOC and a temperature rise trend of 0.22°C / min, the particle swarm optimization output has a current amplitude of 1.2C and a duty cycle of 72%, while the buffered interpolation signal is 1.0C and 68%. After weighted fusion, the final pulse control instruction is: amplitude 1.14C, duty cycle 70.8%. Experimental results show that compared with the direct execution optimization results, the fusion control scheme reduces the maximum voltage fluctuation by 34% and the control output change rate by 52% within this SOC range, significantly improving the charging control stability of the battery pack.

[0085] Embodiment 2: Furthermore, the present invention provides a segmented pulse charging control system that employs a segmented pulse charging control method described in the aforementioned embodiment, thereby resolving the technical issues associated with segmented pulse charging control. Compared to the prior art, the segmented pulse charging control system provided by the present invention achieves the same beneficial effects as the segmented pulse charging control method described in the aforementioned embodiment. Other technical features of the segmented pulse charging control system are the same as those disclosed in the aforementioned embodiment and are not further elaborated upon here.

[0086] Example 3: The present invention provides a segmented pulse charging control device, please refer to Figure 2A segmented pulse charging control device includes: at least one processor; and a memory in communication with the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute a segmented pulse charging control method in the above-mentioned embodiment 1. A segmented pulse charging control device in an embodiment of the present invention may include but is not limited to mobile terminals such as mobile phones, laptop computers, digital broadcast receivers, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), PADs (Portable Application Descriptions), PMPs (Portable Media Players), vehicle-mounted terminals (such as vehicle-mounted navigation terminals), etc., and fixed terminals such as digital TVs, desktop computers, etc. A segmented pulse charging control device is merely an example and should not impose any limitations on the functions and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention. A segmented pulse charge control device may include a processing device 1001 (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.), which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 1002 or a program loaded from a storage device 1003 into a random access memory (RAM) 1004. RAM 1004 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the segmented pulse charge control device. Processing device 1001, ROM 1002, and RAM 1004 are interconnected via a bus 1005. An input / output (I / O) interface 1006 is also connected to the bus. Typically, the following systems can be connected to I / O interface 1006: input device 1007 including, for example, a touch screen, touchpad, keyboard, mouse, image sensor, microphone, accelerometer, gyroscope, etc.; output device 1008 including, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD), speaker, vibrator, etc.; storage device 1003 including, for example, a magnetic tape, hard disk, etc.; and communication device 1009. Communication device 1009 can allow a segmented pulse charge control device to communicate with other devices wirelessly or wired to exchange data. Although the figure shows a segmented pulse charge control device with various systems, it should be understood that implementation or presence of all the illustrated systems is not required. More or fewer systems may alternatively be implemented or present.

[0087] Example 4: The present invention also provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the aforementioned segmented pulse charging control method. The computer program product provided by the present invention can solve the technical problems of segmented pulse charging control. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer program product provided by the present invention are the same as those of the segmented pulse charging control method provided by the aforementioned embodiment, and are not further elaborated here.

[0088] In particular, according to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program comprising program code for executing the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device, or installed from a storage device 1003, or installed from a ROM 1002. When the computer program is executed by the processing device 1001, the above-mentioned functions defined in the method of the embodiment disclosed in the present invention are performed.

[0089] It should be understood that the various parts disclosed in the present invention can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0090] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A segmented pulse charging control method, characterized in that: Methods include: Step S10: acquiring charging process information, and dividing the charging process into adjacent first charging interval, second charging interval, and third charging interval using a SOC-based control mechanism; Step S20: Setting a first charging buffer zone and a second charging buffer zone for adjacent charging intervals, and further setting an initial pulse charging signal for each charging interval; wherein the initial pulse charging signal includes an initial signal amplitude I pulse , initial signal duty cycle D and initial signal period T; Step S30: Introduce the life stress factor, charging efficiency factor and control thermal safety factor to construct the pulse control objective function; optimize the initial pulse control parameters based on the pulse control objective function in combination with the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the optimized pulse charging signal; wherein, the optimized pulse charging signal includes optimizing the signal amplitude I opt , optimize the signal duty cycle D opt and the optimized signal period T opt ; Step S40: In the first charging buffer zone and the second charging buffer zone, the optimized signal amplitude I in the optimized pulse charging signal is opt and optimize the signal duty cycle D opt Perform parameter turbulence transition control to obtain the buffer signal amplitude and the buffer signal duty cycle; Step S50: generating a final pulse control instruction by fusing the buffer signal amplitude, the buffer signal duty cycle and the optimized pulse charging signal.

2. A segmented pulse charging control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S10, the step of dividing the charging process into adjacent first charging interval, second charging interval, and third charging interval using the SOC-based control mechanism specifically includes: Step S101: Obtaining historical SOC characteristic curves of the battery pack, the SOC characteristic curves including SOC time curves, cell voltage SOC curves, and temperature rise SOC curves; wherein the voltage SOC curve is used to determine the critical charging rate region, and the temperature rise SOC curve is used to identify high-risk thermal sensitive sections; Step S102: setting a first segmentation threshold T1 and a second segmentation threshold T2 according to the SOC characteristic curve, wherein the first segmentation threshold T1 is smaller than the second segmentation threshold T2; Step S103: Divide the charging process into adjacent first, second, and third charging intervals according to the first segmentation threshold T1 and the second segmentation threshold T2; wherein the first charging interval is used to represent the fast activation charging segment, the second charging interval is used to represent the main charging high-efficiency segment, and the third charging interval is used to represent the trickle life protection segment.

3. The segmented pulse charging control method according to claim 1, wherein: In step S20, the step of setting a first charging buffer zone and a second charging buffer zone for adjacent charging intervals specifically includes: For the adjacent first charging interval, second charging interval, and third charging interval divided in step S10, determining SOC boundary points of the adjacent intervals, including a first boundary point between the first charging interval and the second charging interval and a second boundary point between the second charging interval and the third charging interval; Buffer band widths are set on both sides of the first junction point and the second junction point, respectively, to form a first charging buffer band and a second charging buffer band. The first charging buffer band and the second charging buffer band are used to undertake strategy switching between the two charging intervals to prevent transient mutations in pulse current, voltage or temperature. The buffer band width is set according to the battery type or polarization time constant.

4. The segmented pulse charging control method according to claim 1, wherein: In step S30, the life stress factor, charging efficiency factor and control thermal safety factor are introduced to construct the pulse control objective function; the initial pulse control parameters are optimized according to the pulse control objective function combined with the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the optimized pulse charging signal; wherein, the optimized pulse charging signal includes optimizing the signal amplitude I opt , optimize the signal duty cycle D opt and the optimized signal period T opt The steps include: Step S301: Introducing life stress factor F life , charging efficiency factor F eff and control thermal safety factor F thermal The life stress factor is used to reflect the impact of different pulse signals on the battery cycle life. The charging efficiency factor is used to measure the effective charging capacity per unit time. The control thermal safety factor is used to constrain the temperature rise rate caused by the pulse to not exceed the safety threshold. According to the life stress factor F life , charging efficiency factor F eff and control thermal safety factor F thermal Construct the impulse control objective function minF, minF = w1F life + wF eff +w3F thermal , where w1, w2, and w3 are dynamically adjusted factor weights; Among them, the life stress factor F life Expressed as: F life =α1(V(t)-V thr ) 2 +α2(T(t)-T opt ) 2 +α3R int (t) Where V(t) is the measured voltage at time t, V thr is the preset voltage upper limit, T(t) is the measured temperature at time t, T opt is the preset standard operating temperature, α1, α2, α3 are stress weighting factors; Step S302: Introduce the particle swarm optimization algorithm and define the initial population of the particle swarm algorithm. The control parameter dimensions of the initial population of the particle swarm algorithm include the signal amplitude I f , signal duty cycle D f and signal period T f , where the signal amplitude is set in the range of [0.1C, 2C], the signal duty cycle is set in the range of [10%, 90%], the signal period is set in the range of 5–60 seconds, and each individual in the initial population of the particle swarm algorithm represents a candidate pulse scheme (I f ,D f ,T f ); Step S303: The pulse control objective function minF in step S301 is set as the fitness function of the particle swarm optimization algorithm, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm is iteratively updated on the candidate pulse scheme to obtain an optimized pulse charging signal.

5. The segmented pulse charging control method according to claim 1, wherein: In step S10, the charging process information includes state of charge, voltage, temperature and internal resistance, wherein the state of charge is calculated by a preset battery management system; the voltage and temperature are collected by a preset voltage sampling circuit and temperature sensor respectively; and the internal resistance is calculated by a preset voltage response model.

6. The segmented pulse charging control method according to claim 1, wherein: In step S40, in the first charging buffer zone and the second charging buffer zone, the optimized signal amplitude I in the optimized pulse charging signal is opt and optimize the signal duty cycle D opt The step of performing parameter turbulence transition control to obtain the buffer signal amplitude and the buffer signal duty cycle specifically includes: The buffer signal amplitude is obtained by performing a two-factor interpolation calculation based on the signal amplitudes I1 and I2 of the previous and next charging intervals, combined with the current SOC and the temperature rise ΔT. The signal duty ratios D1 and D2 of the previous charging interval and the next charging interval are used as endpoints. Combined with the current SOC and the temperature rise ΔT, a double-factor interpolation calculation is performed to obtain the buffer signal duty ratio.

7. A segmented pulse charging control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S40, the calculation formula of the buffer signal amplitude is: Where SOC0 is the SOC value of the center of the buffer zone, k1 and k2 are smoothing control coefficients, ΔT(t) = T(t) - T0, T(t) is the current temperature value, T0 is the temperature value of the center of the buffer zone, and exp is the exponential function.

8. A segmented pulse charging control system, applied to a segmented pulse charging control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The segmented pulse charging control system includes: a segment division module, configured to divide the charging process into adjacent first charging interval, second charging interval, and third charging interval using a SOC-based control mechanism; The initial signal configuration module is used to set the first charging buffer zone and the second charging buffer zone for adjacent charging intervals, and further set the initial pulse charging signal for each charging interval; wherein the initial pulse charging signal includes the initial signal amplitude I pulse , initial signal duty cycle D and initial signal period T; The objective function optimization module is used to introduce the life stress factor, charging efficiency factor and control thermal safety factor to construct the pulse control objective function; according to the pulse control objective function, the initial pulse control parameters are optimized in combination with the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the optimized pulse charging signal; wherein, the optimized pulse charging signal includes optimizing the signal amplitude I opt , optimize the signal duty cycle D opt and the optimized signal period T opt ; The buffer transition control module is used to optimize the signal amplitude I in the optimized pulse charging signal in the first charging buffer zone and the second charging buffer zone. opt and optimize the signal duty cycle D opt Perform parameter turbulence transition control to obtain the buffer signal amplitude and the buffer signal duty cycle; The control instruction fusion module is used to fuse the buffer signal amplitude, the buffer signal duty cycle and the optimized pulse charging signal to generate the final pulse control instruction.

9. A segmented pulse charging control device, characterized in that: The segmented pulse charging control device includes: a memory, a processor, and a segmented pulse charging control program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the segmented pulse charging control program is executed by the processor, a segmented pulse charging control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product includes a segmented pulse charging control program, and when the segmented pulse charging control program is executed by a processor, a segmented pulse charging control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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