Device and method for monitoring diode of dual-power supply system of unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a monitoring device and method for a diode of a dual-power supply system of an unmanned aerial vehicle. The device comprises a diode power supply loop which comprises a first diode and a second diode which are connected in parallel; the anode of the first diode is electrically connected with the output end of the power supply, and the cathode is electrically connected with the input end of the load; the controller is electrically connected with the diode power supply loop and used for collecting power supply parameters of the diode power supply loop and determining the working states of the first diode and the second diode based on the power supply parameters; the auxiliary power supply is electrically connected with the controller and is used for supplying power to the controller; and the upper computer is in communication connection with the controller through a CAN bus and is in communication connection with the isolated RS422 interface of the controller, and the upper computer is used for receiving the power supply parameters and the working state data sent by the controller. According to the invention, the diode fault can be accurately judged, so that the reliability and stability of the dual-power supply system of the unmanned aerial vehicle are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) power distribution, and more specifically, relates to a monitoring device and method for diodes in a dual-power supply system of an UAV. Background Art

[0002] The diode solution of the traditional UAV dual power supply system usually adopts a simple parallel or series structure, which cannot determine the fault of a single diode in real time. Under this conventional structure, once a diode has a short circuit, open circuit, performance degradation or reverse breakdown, it is difficult for the system to detect it in time. For example, when a diode is short-circuited, the voltage across it will become very small or even zero, and the current will increase significantly. However, due to the lack of a targeted monitoring mechanism, the short-circuit fault cannot be discovered quickly, which may cause abnormal current distribution and affect the stability of other normal diodes and even the entire power supply system. When the diode is open-circuited, the voltage across it increases and the current becomes very small or zero. Similarly, because there is no real-time fault judgment method, the open circuit situation cannot be identified in time, which will cause the related power supply branch to fail and reduce the reliability of the power supply system.

[0003] Furthermore, with conventional diode solutions, the current and voltage conditions borne by each diode cannot be monitored in real time. After a period of system operation, some diodes may experience performance degradation due to prolonged exposure to high current or voltage stress. However, due to the lack of effective monitoring methods, maintenance personnel struggle to predict and replace these degraded diodes before failure occurs. Once these underperforming diodes are completely damaged, they can cause power supply system failures, impacting the drone's normal operation.

[0004] The information disclosed in the background technology section of the present invention is only intended to deepen the understanding of the general background technology of the present invention, and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a monitoring device and method for diodes in a dual-power supply system of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), so as to solve the problems of invisible working status of diodes and delayed fault response in the dual-power backup power supply system of the UAV, realize accurate judgment of diode faults, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the dual-power supply system of the UAV, and significantly enhancing flight safety and system fault tolerance.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a monitoring device for diodes in a dual power supply system of an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising:

[0007] A diode power supply circuit, one end of which is electrically connected to the output terminal of the power supply, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the input terminal of the load;

[0008] The diode power supply circuit includes a first diode and a second diode;

[0009] a first diode, an anode of which is electrically connected to the output terminal of the power supply, and a cathode of which is electrically connected to the input terminal of the load;

[0010] a second diode connected in parallel with the first diode;

[0011] a controller electrically connected to the diode power supply circuit, the controller being configured to collect power supply parameters of the diode power supply circuit and determine the working states of the first diode and the second diode based on the power supply parameters;

[0012] an auxiliary power supply, electrically connected to the controller, and configured to provide power to the controller;

[0013] A host computer is connected to the controller via a CAN bus and an isolated RS422 interface of the controller, and is used to receive the power supply parameters and working status data sent by the controller.

[0014] Optionally, the diode power supply circuit further includes:

[0015] a first ammeter, connected in series between the first diode and the output end of the power supply, and electrically connected to the controller, the first ammeter being used to collect a first current flowing through the first diode and send the first current to the controller;

[0016] a second ammeter, connected in series between the second diode and the output end of the power supply, and electrically connected to the controller, the second ammeter being used to collect a second current flowing through the second diode and send the second current to the controller;

[0017] a first voltmeter, one end of which is electrically connected to the output end of the power supply and to the controller, the first voltmeter being used to collect the output voltage of the power supply and send it to the controller;

[0018] A second voltmeter has one end electrically connected to the input end of the load and to the controller, and the second voltmeter is used to collect the input voltage of the load and send it to the controller.

[0019] Optionally, the power supply parameters include:

[0020] The first current, the second current, the output voltage and the input voltage.

[0021] Optionally, the controller includes:

[0022] An AD conversion module is electrically connected to the first ammeter, the second ammeter, the first voltmeter, and the second voltmeter, respectively, and is used to receive analog signals of the first current, the second current, the output voltage, and the input voltage, and convert the analog signals into digital signals;

[0023] a control module, electrically connected to the AD conversion module, configured to receive the digital signal and determine the operating states of the first diode and the second diode based on the digital signal;

[0024] The communication module is electrically connected to the AD conversion module, the control module and the isolated RS422 interface respectively, and is used to send the digital signal and working status data to the host computer through the CAN bus and / or the isolated RS422 interface.

[0025] Optionally, the controller further includes:

[0026] A temperature acquisition module is electrically connected to the AD conversion module. The temperature acquisition module is used to collect the temperatures of the first diode and the second diode through a temperature sensor, and send the analog signal of the temperature to the AD conversion module to convert it into a digital signal, and then send it to the controller and the host computer.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for monitoring a diode in a dual power supply system of a drone, based on the monitoring device for a diode in a dual power supply system of a drone described in any one of the first aspects, the method comprising:

[0028] comparing a first current flowing through a first diode with a first normal operating current of the first diode;

[0029] comparing a second current flowing through a second diode with a second normal operating current of the second diode;

[0030] Compare the output voltage of the power supply with the input voltage of the load;

[0031] The operating states of the first diode and the second diode are determined based on the comparison result.

[0032] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0033] If the first current is less than the first normal operating current, determining whether the first current is equal to zero;

[0034] If the second current is less than the second normal operating current, determining whether the second current is equal to zero;

[0035] If the first current and the second current are both equal to zero, it is determined whether the input voltage is a normal input voltage.

[0036] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0037] If the first current is not equal to zero, determining whether a negative current occurs in the first current;

[0038] If the second current is not equal to zero, it is determined whether the second current is negative.

[0039] Optionally,

[0040] If the first current is equal to the first normal working current, the second current is equal to the second normal working current, and the output voltage is greater than the input voltage, then it is determined that the first diode and the second diode are both in a normal working state;

[0041] If the first current is greater than the first normal operating current or a negative current occurs, the second current is greater than zero and less than the second normal operating current, and the output voltage is equal to the input voltage, it is determined that the first diode is in a short circuit fault;

[0042] If the first current is greater than zero and less than the first normal operating current, the second current is greater than the second normal operating current or a negative current occurs, and the output voltage is equal to the input voltage, it is determined that the second diode is in a short circuit fault;

[0043] If the first current is equal to the first normal operating current or a negative current occurs, the second current is equal to the second normal operating current or a negative current occurs, and the output voltage is equal to the input voltage, it is determined that both the first diode and the second diode are short-circuit faults;

[0044] If the first current is zero, the second current is twice the second normal operating current, and the input voltage is greater than the output voltage, then it is determined that the first diode is in an open circuit fault;

[0045] If the first current is twice the first normal operating current, the second current is zero, and the input voltage is greater than the output voltage, then it is determined that the second diode is in an open circuit fault;

[0046] If the first current and the second current are both equal to zero, and the input voltage is equal to a normal input voltage, it is determined that the first diode and the second diode are both open circuit faults.

[0047] Optionally, if there are other abnormalities in the first current and the second current and they do not meet the above determination, it is determined that the first diode and the second diode have other faults.

[0048] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention forms a diode power supply circuit by connecting a first diode and a second diode in parallel, thereby providing electric energy of the power supply to the load, and the two parallel diodes back up each other, providing redundancy for the power supply circuit; the controller collects the power supply parameters of the diode power supply circuit, and then determines the working status of the first diode and the second diode based on the power supply parameters, thereby realizing real-time monitoring and judgment of the working status of the diodes; the working status of the diodes is uploaded to the host computer, so that the operator can grasp the operating status of the power supply system in real time; the present invention can solve the problems of invisible working status of diodes and delayed fault response in the dual-power backup power supply system of unmanned aerial vehicles, realize accurate judgment of diode faults, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the dual-power supply system of unmanned aerial vehicles, and significantly improving flight safety and system fault tolerance.

[0049] The system of the present invention has other features and advantages that will be apparent from or will be described in detail in the accompanying drawings and subsequent detailed description incorporated herein, which together serve to explain the specific principles of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like components.

[0051] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a monitoring device for diodes in a dual power supply system of a drone according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be implemented in various forms and is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, a monitoring device for a diode of a dual power supply system of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to the present invention includes:

[0055] A diode power supply circuit 1, one end of which is electrically connected to the output end of the power supply 2, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the input end of the load 3;

[0056] The diode power supply circuit 1 includes a first diode 4 and a second diode 5;

[0057] a first diode 4, an anode of which is electrically connected to the output terminal of the power supply 2, and a cathode of which is electrically connected to the input terminal of the load 3;

[0058] A second diode 5 connected in parallel with the first diode 4;

[0059] The controller 6 is electrically connected to the diode power supply circuit 1, and is used to collect power supply parameters of the diode power supply circuit 1 and determine the working status of the first diode 4 and the second diode 5 based on the power supply parameters;

[0060] An auxiliary power supply 7 is electrically connected to the controller 6 and is used to provide power to the controller 6;

[0061] The host computer 8 is connected to the controller 6 via the CAN bus and is connected to the isolated RS422 interface 9 of the controller 6 . The host computer 8 is used to receive power supply parameters and working status data sent by the controller 6 .

[0062] Specifically, the monitoring device of this embodiment consists of a diode power supply circuit 1, a controller 6, an auxiliary power supply 7, and a host computer 8, which achieve stable power supply to the load 3, real-time monitoring of the diode status, and remote data exchange. The diode power supply circuit 1 serves as a key channel for system energy transmission. One end of the diode power supply circuit 1 is closely connected to the output of the power supply 2, introducing the electrical energy generated by the power supply; the other end is connected to the input of the load 3, providing energy for the normal operation of the load 3. In this circuit, the first diode 4 and the second diode 5 are core components, which together ensure the stable transmission and safe use of electrical energy. The first diode 4 is connected in a forward direction, with its positive electrode electrically connected to the output of the power supply 2 and its negative electrode electrically connected to the input of the load 3. Due to the unidirectional conductivity of the diode, under normal operating conditions, current can only flow from the positive electrode of the power supply 2, through the positive electrode of the first diode 4 to the negative electrode, and then into the load 3, thus achieving unidirectional current flow. This characteristic effectively prevents damage to the load 3 and the power supply caused by reverse current flow, such as preventing the power supply from being reversely charged and causing faults such as short circuits. The second diode 5 is connected in parallel with the first diode 4, with its positive electrode electrically connected to the output of the power supply 2 and its negative electrode electrically connected to the input of the load 3. This design significantly improves the reliability and stability of the system. During normal operation, the two diodes share the current, reducing the workload of a single diode, mitigating heating and aging issues caused by prolonged high-load operation, and extending the diode's service life. If the first diode 4 fails, such as when it opens, the second diode 5 can quickly take over, ensuring continuous power supply to the load 3 and maintaining normal system operation. Furthermore, if the output current of the power supply 2 increases momentarily, the two diodes connected in parallel provide greater current-carrying capacity, preventing diode burnout due to excessive current and ensuring circuit safety. The controller 6, through its electrical connection to the diode power supply circuit 1, acquires key power supply parameters in real time. These parameters include, but are not limited to, circuit current and voltage. For example, using high-precision current and voltage sensors, the controller 6 can accurately measure the current flowing through the diode and the load 3, as well as the voltage values at the output of the power supply 2 and the input of the load 3. Accurately acquiring these parameters provides important information for subsequent analysis of the diode's operating status and assessment of system performance. Through real-time monitoring and accurate judgment, controller 6 can promptly detect potential diode problems. Auxiliary power supply 7 is directly electrically connected to controller 6, its primary function being to provide a stable and reliable power supply for controller 6. A dual communication connection is employed between host computer 8 and controller 6: a CAN bus communication connection and an isolated RS422 interface. The CAN bus is a high-performance serial communication network characterized by fast data transmission rates, strong anti-interference capabilities, and high reliability. It supports multi-master communication mode, enabling efficient data exchange between host computer 8 and multiple controllers 6, making it suitable for applications requiring high real-time performance.The isolated RS422 interface, on the other hand, effectively suppresses electromagnetic interference and common-mode interference through electrical isolation technology, further improving communication stability and reliability. It is particularly suitable for data transmission in complex electromagnetic environments, such as industrial sites. These two communication methods complement each other, ensuring secure, stable, and efficient data transmission between the host computer 8 and the controller 6. The host computer 8 is primarily responsible for receiving power supply parameters and operating status data from the controller 6. Through the interface of the host computer 8, the operator can intuitively view the real-time operating parameters of the diode power supply circuit 1, such as the specific current and voltage values, as well as the operating status information of the first diode 4 and the second diode 5. Based on this data, the operator can promptly understand the system's operating status and perform fault diagnosis, performance analysis, and system optimization. For example, when the host computer 8 receives a diode fault alarm from the controller 6, the operator can quickly take repair measures to prevent the fault from escalating. By analyzing historical power supply parameters, the configuration of the power supply 2 can also be optimized, improving the overall efficiency and stability of the system. The monitoring device of this embodiment can solve the problems of invisible diode working status and delayed fault response in the drone's dual power backup power supply system, and achieve accurate judgment of diode failure, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the drone's dual power supply system, and significantly improving flight safety and system fault tolerance.

[0063] In this embodiment, the diode power supply circuit 1 further includes:

[0064] A first ammeter 10 is connected in series between the first diode 4 and the output end of the power supply 2 and is electrically connected to the controller 6. The first ammeter 10 is used to collect the first current flowing to the first diode 4 and send it to the controller 6;

[0065] A second ammeter 11 is connected in series between the second diode 5 and the output end of the power supply 2 and is electrically connected to the controller 6. The second ammeter 11 is used to collect the second current flowing through the second diode 5 and send it to the controller 6;

[0066] A first voltmeter 12, one end of which is electrically connected to the output end of the power supply 2 and is electrically connected to the controller 6, and the first voltmeter 12 is used to collect the output voltage of the power supply 2 and send it to the controller 6;

[0067] One end of the second voltmeter 13 is electrically connected to the input end of the load 3 and is also electrically connected to the controller 6 . The second voltmeter 13 is used to collect the input voltage of the load 3 and send it to the controller 6 .

[0068] Specifically, the diode power supply circuit 1 also includes a first ammeter 10, a second ammeter 11, a first voltmeter 12, and a second voltmeter 13. The first ammeter 10 is connected in series between the first diode 4 and the output terminal of the power supply 2. This series connection ensures that all current flowing through the first diode 4 must flow through the first ammeter 10, thereby accurately capturing the first current flowing through the first diode 4. The first ammeter 10 is also electrically connected to the controller 6 and transmits the collected first current data to the controller 6 in real time, providing the core current parameter for system monitoring and analysis of the operating status of the first diode 4. The second ammeter 11 is connected in series between the second diode 5 and the output terminal of the power supply 2 and is also electrically connected to the controller 6. Its function is to specifically capture the second current flowing through the second diode 5 and transmit the data to the controller 6. Working in conjunction with the first ammeter 10, it can comprehensively monitor the current distribution between the two parallel diodes. The first voltmeter 12 is electrically connected at one end to the output terminal of the power supply 2 and is also connected to the controller 6 to capture the output voltage of the power supply 2. By being directly connected to the output terminal of the power supply 2, the first voltmeter 12 can obtain the output voltage value of the power supply 2 in real time and send it to the controller 6, so that the controller 6 can know the output voltage of the power supply 2 in real time. One end of the second voltmeter 13 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the load 3 and is also electrically connected to the controller 6. It is mainly responsible for collecting the input voltage of the load 3 and sending it to the controller 6, so that the controller 6 can know the input voltage of the load 3 in real time.

[0069] In this embodiment, the power supply parameters include:

[0070] a first current, a second current, an output voltage, and an input voltage.

[0071] In this embodiment, the controller 6 includes:

[0072] An AD conversion module is electrically connected to the first ammeter 10, the second ammeter 11, the first voltmeter 12, and the second voltmeter 13, respectively, and is used to receive analog signals of the first current, the second current, the output voltage, and the input voltage, and convert the analog signals into digital signals;

[0073] A control module, electrically connected to the AD conversion module, configured to receive a digital signal and determine the operating states of the first diode 4 and the second diode 5 based on the digital signal;

[0074] The communication module is electrically connected to the AD conversion module, the control module and the isolated RS422 interface 9 respectively, and is used to send digital signals and working status data to the host computer 8 through the CAN bus and / or the isolated RS422 interface 9.

[0075] Specifically, the controller 6 includes an AD conversion module, a control module, and a communication module. The AD conversion module is electrically connected to the first ammeter 10, the second ammeter 11, the first voltmeter 12, and the second voltmeter 13. The AD conversion module's primary task is to receive analog signals from these meters and accurately convert them into digital signals using specific conversion algorithms and hardware circuits. For example, it may employ techniques such as successive approximation ADC or Sigma-Delta ADC to quantize the amplitude of the input analog signal into a corresponding digital code for subsequent processing and analysis. The control module and the AD conversion module are electrically connected to enable data exchange. The AD conversion module transmits the processed digital signals to the control module, providing a basis for judgment and decision-making. After receiving the digital signals, the control module conducts in-depth analysis and processing of these data. Specifically, it determines the operating status of the first diode 4 and the second diode 5 based on these digital signals. The first and second diodes 4 and 5 play important roles in the circuit, such as rectification, protection, and unidirectional conduction. Their operating status directly affects the performance and stability of the entire circuit. The control module performs logical operations and comparisons on the input current and voltage digital signals to determine whether the diode is operating normally, for example, to determine whether there is damage to the diode or abnormal conduction due to overcurrent or overvoltage. The communication module establishes electrical connections with the AD conversion module, the control module, and the isolated RS422 interface 9. Through its connection with the AD conversion module, it can obtain the converted digital signal; its connection with the control module enables it to obtain the operating status data of the first diode 4 and the second diode 5. The communication module's primary function is to package and transmit the digital signal output by the AD conversion module and the operating status data determined by the control module. It supports sending this data to the host computer 8 via the CAN bus and / or the isolated RS422 interface 9. The CAN bus is an efficient fieldbus with strong anti-interference capabilities and fast data transmission rates, making it suitable for data communication in industrial field environments. The isolated RS422 interface 9 provides an electrically isolated communication method, effectively preventing external interference from affecting the system and ensuring reliable data transmission. The communication module will encapsulate the data into corresponding data packets according to the set communication protocol, and then send them to the host computer 8 through the selected communication interface so that the host computer 8 can monitor and manage the operating status of the system in real time.

[0076] In this embodiment, the controller 6 further includes:

[0077] The temperature acquisition module is electrically connected to the AD conversion module. The temperature acquisition module is used to collect the temperature of the first diode 4 and the second diode 5 through the temperature sensor 14, and send the analog signal of the temperature to the AD conversion module to convert it into a digital signal, and then send it to the controller 6 and the host computer 8.

[0078] Specifically, the controller 6 also includes a temperature acquisition module, which is electrically connected to the AD conversion module. The core function of the temperature acquisition module is to collect the temperature of the first diode 4 and the second diode 5 through the temperature sensor 14. During the operation of the system, the diodes will generate heat due to their own power consumption, and the change in their temperature can intuitively reflect their working status. For example, too high a temperature may indicate that the diode has problems such as overload, poor heat dissipation, or internal faults. The temperature sensor 14 will accurately convert the detected temperature physical quantity into a corresponding analog signal. After the temperature acquisition module obtains the analog signal, it will transmit it to the AD conversion module to convert it into a digital signal, and then send it to the controller 6 and the host computer 8. The controller 6 determines whether the temperature of the diode is normal based on the digital signal, and uploads the judgment result to the host computer 8. The host computer 8 displays the temperature of the diode and the judgment result in real time.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] This embodiment provides a method for monitoring diodes in a dual-power supply system of a drone. Based on the device for monitoring diodes in a dual-power supply system of a drone described in Example 1, the method includes:

[0081] comparing a first current flowing to the first diode 4 with a first normal operating current of the first diode 4;

[0082] comparing the second current flowing to the second diode 5 with a second normal operating current of the second diode 5;

[0083] Compare the output voltage of the power supply with the input voltage of the load;

[0084] The operating states of the first diode 4 and the second diode 5 are determined based on the comparison result.

[0085] Specifically, the controller 6 compares the first current flowing to the first diode 4 with the first normal operating current of the first diode 4; at the same time, compares the second current flowing to the second diode 5 with the second normal operating current of the second diode 5; and compares the output voltage of the power supply with the input voltage of the load; wherein, the first normal operating current and the second normal operating current are the current ranges within which the first diode 4 and the second diode 5 can operate normally as specified during design and manufacture. This range is usually determined by factors such as the material, structure and packaging of the diode, and can be found in the product specification manual or relevant technical information of the diode; the controller 6 can accurately judge the working status of the first diode 4 and the second diode 5 based on the above comparison results, and promptly discover potential problems in the circuit, providing an important basis for circuit maintenance, debugging and troubleshooting.

[0086] In this embodiment, the monitoring method further includes:

[0087] If the first current is less than the first normal operating current, determining whether the first current is equal to zero;

[0088] If the second current is less than the second normal operating current, determining whether the second current is equal to zero;

[0089] If the first current and the second current are both equal to zero, it is determined whether the input voltage is a normal input voltage.

[0090] Specifically, when the controller 6 determines that the first current is less than the first normal operating current, it determines whether the first current is equal to zero. When the controller 6 determines that the second current is less than the second normal operating current, it determines whether the second current is equal to zero. When the controller 6 determines that both the first current and the second current are equal to zero, it determines whether the input voltage is a normal input voltage, where the normal input voltage is the rated operating voltage of the load. Through this step-by-step in-depth judgment, the operating status of the first diode 4 and the second diode 5 can be more accurately determined, and their faults can be analyzed, which helps to quickly troubleshoot and resolve the fault and ensure the normal operation of the circuit.

[0091] In this embodiment, the monitoring method further includes:

[0092] If the first current is not equal to zero, determining whether a negative current occurs in the first current;

[0093] If the second current is not equal to zero, it is determined whether the second current is negative.

[0094] Specifically, after determining that the first current flowing through the first diode 4 is not zero, it is necessary to further determine whether the first current is negative. Under normal circumstances, a diode's primary function is unidirectional conduction, meaning current can only flow from the diode's positive electrode to the negative electrode. If the first current is negative, this indicates that the current's actual flow direction is opposite to the diode's normal unidirectional conduction direction. This situation may occur for a variety of reasons. On the one hand, it may be due to an error in the circuit connection, such as reversing the positive and negative poles of the diode, causing the current to flow in the opposite direction. On the other hand, it may be due to the presence of other power sources or components in the circuit generating a reverse electromotive force, causing the current direction to change. For example, in some circuits containing an inductor, when the current in the inductor changes, an induced electromotive force is generated. If the direction of this induced electromotive force is opposite to the conduction direction of the diode and is sufficiently large, it may result in a negative current. Furthermore, other diodes or semiconductor components in the circuit may also affect the current direction under certain operating conditions, causing a negative current to flow through the first diode 4. After determining that the second current flowing through the second diode 5 is not zero, the principle for determining whether the second current is negative is similar to that for the first diode 4. By determining whether negative current occurs between the first current and the second current, the working state of the diode in the circuit can be understood in more detail, and problems such as abnormal circuit connection or component operation can be discovered in a timely manner, providing an important basis for accurately troubleshooting circuit faults and ensuring safe and stable operation of the circuit.

[0095] In this embodiment, if the first current is equal to the first normal working current, the second current is equal to the second normal working current, and the output voltage is greater than the input voltage, it is determined that the first diode 4 and the second diode 5 are both in normal working state;

[0096] If the first current is greater than the first normal operating current or a negative current occurs, the second current is greater than zero and less than the second normal operating current, and the output voltage is equal to the input voltage, it is determined that the first diode 4 is a short circuit fault;

[0097] If the first current is greater than zero and less than the first normal operating current, the second current is greater than the second normal operating current or a negative current occurs, and the output voltage is equal to the input voltage, then it is determined that the second diode 5 is short-circuited;

[0098] If the first current is equal to the first normal operating current or a negative current occurs, the second current is equal to the second normal operating current or a negative current occurs, and the output voltage is equal to the input voltage, it is determined that both the first diode 4 and the second diode 5 are short-circuit faults;

[0099] If the first current is equal to zero, the second current is twice the second normal operating current, and the input voltage is greater than the output voltage, it is determined that the first diode 4 is in an open circuit fault;

[0100] If the first current is twice the first normal operating current, the second current is zero, and the input voltage is greater than the output voltage, then it is determined that the second diode 5 is in an open circuit fault;

[0101] If the first current and the second current are both equal to zero, and the input voltage is equal to the normal input voltage, it is determined that the first diode 4 and the second diode 5 are both open circuit faults.

[0102] Specifically, when the first current is equal to the first normal operating current, the second current is equal to the second normal operating current, and the output voltage is greater than the input voltage, both first diode 4 and second diode 5 are considered to be operating normally. This is because, from a current perspective, the actual operating currents of both diodes meet their normal operating standards, indicating that they perform well in terms of conduction performance and can pass the appropriate amount of current as designed. The output voltage is greater than the input voltage because of the voltage drop across first diode 4 and second diode 5 when they are conducting in the forward direction. If the first current is greater than the first normal operating current or negative, the second current is greater than zero but less than the second normal operating current, and the output voltage is equal to the input voltage, first diode 4 is considered to have a short circuit fault. The first current is greater than the normal operating current because the resistance of first diode 4 is significantly reduced, similar to a short circuit, allowing more current to flow through this path. The presence of a negative current violates the diode's unidirectional conduction characteristic, indicating that a short circuit causes abnormal current direction. The second current is greater than zero but less than the normal operating current because, after first diode 4 short-circuits, most of the current flows through the short-circuit path (the path where first diode 4 resides), reducing the current diverted to second diode 5. The output voltage is equal to the input voltage, indicating that the circuit has not experienced any additional voltage changes due to the diode failure, further confirming that the first diode 4 is short-circuited. When the first current is greater than zero and less than the first normal operating current, the second current is greater than the second normal operating current or is negative, and the output voltage is equal to the input voltage, the second diode 5 is short-circuited. Similar to the case of a short-circuit in the first diode 4, the second current is greater than the normal operating current or is negative, indicating that the second diode 5 is short-circuited, resulting in abnormal current flow. The first current is less than the normal operating current because most of the current is shunted away by the short-circuited second diode 5. The output voltage is equal to the input voltage, indicating that there are no abnormal voltage fluctuations caused by this fault, further confirming that the second diode 5 is short-circuited. If the first current is equal to the first normal operating current or a negative current, the second current is equal to the second normal operating current or a negative current, and the output voltage is equal to the input voltage, then the first diode 4 and the second diode 5 are both short-circuited. If the currents of both diodes are normal or abnormal (negative current), this means that their operating conditions do not conform to the normal unidirectional conduction characteristics, and it is likely that both diodes have short-circuited. The output voltage is equal to the input voltage, indicating that the voltage of the entire circuit has not changed due to the failure of the two diodes, which is consistent with a short-circuit fault and further confirms that the first diode 4 and the second diode 5 are both short-circuited. If the first current is zero, the second current is twice the second normal operating current, and the input voltage is greater than the output voltage, then the first diode 4 is open-circuited. The first current is zero, indicating that no current is passing through the first diode 4, which is a typical manifestation of an open circuit.The second current becomes twice the normal operating current because after the first diode 4 opens, the current that should have passed through it is all transferred to the path where the second diode 5 is located; the input voltage is greater than the output voltage because after the first diode 4 opens, the resistance of the circuit changes, resulting in voltage loss, so the output voltage decreases, further proving that the first diode 4 is an open circuit fault. If the first current is twice the first normal operating current, the second current is zero, and the input voltage is greater than the output voltage, then the second diode 5 is determined to be an open circuit fault. The second current being zero indicates that no current passes through the path where the second diode 5 is located, that is, it is open. The first current becomes twice the normal operating current because after the second diode 5 opens, the current that should have passed through it is all transferred to the path where the first diode 4 is located. The input voltage is greater than the output voltage because the change in circuit resistance produces voltage loss, further proving that the second diode 5 is an open circuit fault. If the first current and the second current are both equal to zero, and the input voltage is equal to the normal input voltage, it is determined that the first diode 4 and the second diode 5 are both open circuit faults; both currents are zero, indicating that no current passes through the paths where the two diodes are located, indicating that both diodes are open circuit; the input voltage is equal to the normal input voltage, indicating that there is no abnormality in the power supply, but the current cannot pass through the circuit where the diodes are located, further proving that the first diode 4 and the second diode 5 are both open circuit faults.

[0103] In this embodiment, if the first current and the second current have other abnormalities and do not meet the above determination, it is determined that the first diode 4 and the second diode 5 have other faults.

[0104] Specifically, if the first and second currents exhibit other anomalies that do not conform to the aforementioned criteria, then diodes 4 and 5 are judged to have other faults. This is a catch-all judgment, as actual circuits may exhibit a variety of complex fault modes. When the aforementioned clear fault judgment criteria are not met, they are all classified as other faults, requiring further investigation into the specific cause of the fault.

[0105] While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is intended to be illustrative, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A monitoring device for diodes in a dual power supply system of an unmanned aerial vehicle, characterized in that: include: A diode power supply circuit, one end of which is electrically connected to the output terminal of the power supply, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the input terminal of the load; The diode power supply circuit includes a first diode and a second diode; a first diode, an anode of which is electrically connected to the output terminal of the power supply, and a cathode of which is electrically connected to the input terminal of the load; a second diode connected in parallel with the first diode; a controller electrically connected to the diode power supply circuit, the controller being configured to collect power supply parameters of the diode power supply circuit and determine the working states of the first diode and the second diode based on the power supply parameters; an auxiliary power supply, electrically connected to the controller, and configured to provide power to the controller; A host computer is connected to the controller via a CAN bus and an isolated RS422 interface of the controller, and is used to receive the power supply parameters and working status data sent by the controller.

2. The monitoring device for diodes in the dual power supply system of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diode power supply circuit also includes: a first ammeter, connected in series between the first diode and the output end of the power supply, and electrically connected to the controller, the first ammeter being used to collect a first current flowing through the first diode and send the first current to the controller; a second ammeter, connected in series between the second diode and the output end of the power supply, and electrically connected to the controller, the second ammeter being used to collect a second current flowing through the second diode and send the second current to the controller; a first voltmeter, one end of which is electrically connected to the output end of the power supply and to the controller, the first voltmeter being used to collect the output voltage of the power supply and send it to the controller; A second voltmeter has one end electrically connected to the input end of the load and to the controller, and the second voltmeter is used to collect the input voltage of the load and send it to the controller.

3. The monitoring device for diodes in a dual power supply system of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power supply parameters include: The first current, the second current, the output voltage and the input voltage.

4. The monitoring device for diodes in a dual power supply system of a drone according to claim 3, characterized in that: The controller includes: An AD conversion module is electrically connected to the first ammeter, the second ammeter, the first voltmeter, and the second voltmeter, respectively, and is used to receive analog signals of the first current, the second current, the output voltage, and the input voltage, and convert the analog signals into digital signals; a control module, electrically connected to the AD conversion module, configured to receive the digital signal and determine the operating states of the first diode and the second diode based on the digital signal; The communication module is electrically connected to the AD conversion module, the control module and the isolated RS422 interface respectively, and is used to send the digital signal and working status data to the host computer through the CAN bus and / or the isolated RS422 interface.

5. The monitoring device for diodes in a dual power supply system of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The controller further includes: A temperature acquisition module is electrically connected to the AD conversion module. The temperature acquisition module is used to collect the temperatures of the first diode and the second diode through a temperature sensor, and send the analog signal of the temperature to the AD conversion module to convert it into a digital signal, and then send it to the controller and the host computer.

6. A method for monitoring diodes in a dual power supply system of a drone, based on the monitoring device for diodes in a dual power supply system of a drone according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method comprises: comparing a first current flowing through a first diode with a first normal operating current of the first diode; comparing a second current flowing through the second diode with a second normal operating current of the second diode; Compare the output voltage of the power supply with the input voltage of the load; The operating states of the first diode and the second diode are determined based on the comparison result.

7. The method for monitoring diodes in a dual power supply system of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 6, wherein: The method further comprises: If the first current is less than the first normal operating current, determining whether the first current is equal to zero; If the second current is less than the second normal operating current, determining whether the second current is equal to zero; If the first current and the second current are both equal to zero, it is determined whether the input voltage is a normal input voltage.

8. The method for monitoring diodes in a dual power supply system of a UAV according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method further comprises: If the first current is not equal to zero, determining whether a negative current occurs in the first current; If the second current is not equal to zero, it is determined whether the second current is negative.

9. The method for monitoring diodes in a dual power supply system of a UAV according to claim 8, characterized in that: If the first current is equal to the first normal working current, the second current is equal to the second normal working current, and the output voltage is greater than the input voltage, then it is determined that the first diode and the second diode are both in a normal working state; If the first current is greater than the first normal operating current or a negative current occurs, the second current is greater than zero and less than the second normal operating current, and the output voltage is equal to the input voltage, it is determined that the first diode is in a short circuit fault; If the first current is greater than zero and less than the first normal operating current, the second current is greater than the second normal operating current or a negative current occurs, and the output voltage is equal to the input voltage, it is determined that the second diode is in a short circuit fault; If the first current is equal to the first normal operating current or a negative current occurs, the second current is equal to the second normal operating current or a negative current occurs, and the output voltage is equal to the input voltage, it is determined that both the first diode and the second diode are short-circuit faults; If the first current is zero, the second current is twice the second normal operating current, and the input voltage is greater than the output voltage, then it is determined that the first diode is in an open circuit fault; If the first current is twice the first normal operating current, the second current is zero, and the input voltage is greater than the output voltage, then it is determined that the second diode is in an open circuit fault; If the first current and the second current are both equal to zero, and the input voltage is equal to a normal input voltage, it is determined that the first diode and the second diode are both open circuit faults.

10. The method for monitoring diodes in a dual power supply system of a UAV according to claim 9, characterized in that: If the first current and the second current have other abnormalities and do not meet the above determination, it is determined that the first diode and the second diode have other faults.

Images