Distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal, and relates to the technical field of distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminals, the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal comprises a terminal body, a data acquisition unit, a data processing and analysis unit, a communication unit and a power supply unit, the periphery of the terminal body is provided with a shell mechanism, and the shell mechanism comprises a shell. Two sets of rectangular pipes are fixed to the outer wall of the shell, a rectangular strip is arranged in each rectangular pipe, and an L-shaped block is arranged between the interior of each set of first clamping holes and the interior of one second clamping hole of each set. According to the technical scheme, when the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal carries out technology upgrading and function expansion in the later period, shell expansion operation can be carried out, so that the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal does not need to be integrally replaced, the operation and maintenance cost is greatly reduced, meanwhile, operation and maintenance interruption of a power station is avoided, and the power generation efficiency is improved. And the use efficiency of the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminals, and specifically to a distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal. Background Art

[0002] Distributed photovoltaics is a power generation model that installs small photovoltaic power generation devices near users, such as on the roofs of industrial and commercial buildings, residential houses, etc.

[0003] As the scale and number of distributed photovoltaic projects continue to expand, traditional operation and maintenance methods will find it difficult to grasp the operating status of distributed photovoltaic power stations in real time. However, in order to achieve efficient management and operation and maintenance of distributed photovoltaic power stations, ensure power generation stability, reduce operation and maintenance costs, and improve power generation efficiency, photovoltaic power stations will be equipped with distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminals.

[0004] However, the existing distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminals have the following shortcomings:

[0005] The entire shell structure of the current distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal is fixed and cannot be spatially expanded and adjusted. As technology continues to iterate, new monitoring technologies and communication standards will continue to be introduced. At this time, distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminals that do not have expansion capabilities will not be able to meet the special needs of different power stations, such as adding components to expand functions and adding components to upgrade technologies. Therefore, they can only be replaced as a whole, which will greatly increase operation and maintenance costs and may even cause power station operation and maintenance interruptions, affecting power generation revenue.

[0006] Therefore, we propose a new distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal. By setting up a shell mechanism, the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal can perform shell expansion operations when the technology is upgraded and the functions are expanded in the later stage, thereby eliminating the need to replace the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal as a whole, thereby greatly reducing the operation and maintenance costs, and avoiding power station operation and maintenance interruptions, so as to solve the problems raised by the above-mentioned background technology.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal, comprising a terminal body, a data acquisition unit, a data processing and analysis unit, a communication unit, and a power supply unit. The terminal body is used to intelligently monitor a distributed photovoltaic power generation system. A shell mechanism is provided on the periphery of the terminal body, and the shell mechanism can be spatially expanded as needed.

[0009] The shell mechanism includes a shell, two groups of rectangular tubes are fixed to the outer wall of the shell, a shell cover is placed on the top of the shell, a rectangular bar is provided inside each of the rectangular tubes, a U-shaped block is fixed between the tops of multiple rectangular bars, and the U-shaped block is used to drive the shell cover to move, a first clamping hole is preset between the two sides of the inner wall of each rectangular tube, and the two first clamping holes on each rectangular tube form a group, two second clamping holes are preset on each rectangular bar, and the two second clamping holes on each rectangular bar form a group, an L-shaped block is provided between the inside of each group of the first clamping holes and the inside of one of the second clamping holes in each group, the L-shaped block, the first clamping hole and the second clamping hole are used to fix the rectangular bar after moving inside the rectangular tube, and a movable frame is fixed between multiple L-shaped blocks.

[0010] Preferably, the shell cover and the U-shaped block are fixedly connected, a U-shaped groove is preset on the top of the shell, a main U-shaped plate is movably sleeved inside the U-shaped groove, the top of the main U-shaped plate and the bottom of the shell cover are fixedly connected, and the movable frame is fixed to the shell by hand screws.

[0011] Preferably, an auxiliary U-shaped plate is fixed to the inner wall of the shell cover, and the outer surface of the auxiliary U-shaped plate contacts the inner wall of the shell body. An auxiliary plate is fixed at the edge of the inner wall of the shell cover, and the surface of the auxiliary plate contacts the inner wall of the shell body.

[0012] Preferably, a perforated plate is installed between the opening of the shell and the opening of the shell cover, the surface of the perforated plate is in contact with the surface of the auxiliary plate, and a perforated plate is fixed to the top of the inner wall of the shell cover.

[0013] Preferably, the surface of the auxiliary plate contacts the surface of the auxiliary U-shaped plate, and the auxiliary plate, auxiliary U-shaped plate and main U-shaped plate are used to fill the gap between the rear shell cover, the shell and the perforated plate after the expansion space.

[0014] Preferably, the terminal body includes a processor, a human-computer interaction assembly, a switch button and a mounting plate, the processor is mounted on the mounting plate, the human-computer interaction assembly and the switch button are both mounted on a perforated plate, the bottom of the mounting plate is in contact with the bottom of the inner wall of the shell, the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the perforated plate, the snap-on end of the mounting plate is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the shell, and a wireless antenna is installed on the processor.

[0015] Preferably, the data acquisition unit is used to collect status data of the distributed photovoltaic power station in real time, and the data acquisition unit includes a data input module, a signal conditioning module, a signal acquisition card module and a data cache module;

[0016] The data input module is used to receive data transmitted by the sensor;

[0017] The signal conditioning module is used to amplify and process the signal level of the received sensor signal;

[0018] The signal acquisition card module is used to convert the conditioned analog signal into a digital signal, and collect data according to a certain sampling frequency and sampling accuracy, and store the collected data in the data cache module;

[0019] The data cache module is used to store the collected data.

[0020] Preferably, the data processing and analysis unit is used to comprehensively analyze the data collected by the data collection unit, and the data processing and analysis unit includes a data preprocessing module, a data analysis algorithm module, a data storage module and a decision support module;

[0021] The data preprocessing module is used to remove noise and fill missing values from the original data;

[0022] The data analysis algorithm module is used to perform in-depth analysis on the pre-processed data;

[0023] The data storage module is used to store processed data and analysis results;

[0024] The decision support module is responsible for generating operation and maintenance decision suggestions based on data analysis results.

[0025] Preferably, the communication unit is used to receive the report and warning information transmitted by the data processing and analysis unit, and transmit it to the remote monitoring center responsible for receiving it through a wired network or a wireless network. The communication unit includes a communication protocol processing module and a wireless communication module;

[0026] The communication protocol processing module is responsible for processing different communication protocols to ensure that data is correctly encapsulated and parsed;

[0027] The wireless communication module and the wireless antenna are used for wireless data transmission with a remote monitoring center.

[0028] Preferably, the power supply unit is used to provide a stable power supply for each unit, and the power supply unit includes a power conversion module and a power monitoring module;

[0029] The power conversion module is used to convert the mains power into the DC voltage required by each unit;

[0030] The power supply monitoring module is used to monitor the output voltage and current parameters of the power supply in real time and to promptly alarm when an abnormality occurs.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The present invention provides a shell mechanism, which allows the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal to perform shell expansion operations when it undergoes technical upgrades and expands functions in the later stage, thereby eliminating the need to replace the entire distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal, thereby significantly reducing operation and maintenance costs and avoiding interruptions to power station operation and maintenance, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal. When it is necessary to expand the shell space of the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal, the hand screws are first removed, and then the movable frame and all L-shaped blocks are used to move the rectangular bar inside the rectangular tube. Then, the shell cover and the U-shaped block are used to move all the rectangular bars, main U-shaped plates, auxiliary U-shaped plates, porous plates and auxiliary plates at the same time. When the interior of each group of first card holes is respectively connected to the interior of another corresponding group of second card holes, the moved rectangular bar can be fixed by directly using the cooperation of all first card holes, all second card holes, all L-shaped blocks, hand screws and the movable frame, thereby achieving the expansion of the internal space of the shell of the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal.

[0033] 2. The present invention can intelligently monitor the distributed photovoltaic power generation system by setting up a human-computer interaction assembly, a wireless antenna, a data acquisition unit, a data processing and analysis unit, a communication unit and various prepared sensors, and remotely transmit the results obtained after analysis and processing to the monitoring center. When it is necessary to grasp the operating status of the distributed photovoltaic power station in real time, the data input module can be used to collect the collected analog signals, and then the signal conditioning module can be used to amplify the weak signals and adjust the signal levels. Then, the signal acquisition card module can be used to convert the analog signals into digital signals, and then the data cache module can be used to temporarily store the transmitted data.

[0034] 3. The present invention then uses the cooperation of the data preprocessing module to perform operations such as removing noise and filling missing values on the data. Thereafter, the data analysis algorithm module is used to determine whether the data is normal. At the same time, by analyzing historical data, the future power generation efficiency and equipment operation trends of distributed photovoltaic power stations can be predicted. Finally, the decision support module is used to generate operation and maintenance decision recommendations based on the data analysis results. At the same time, the communication protocol processing module, the wireless communication module and the wireless antenna are used to encapsulate the transmitted operation and maintenance decision recommendations and other key data into a modulated signal format, and transmit them wirelessly over long distances to the remote monitoring center. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal of the present invention when not expanded;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram from another angle of a distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal of the present invention when it is not expanded;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the outer shell mechanism of a distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal of the present invention when not expanded;

[0038] Figure 4 A distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal of the present invention Figure 3 A magnified stereoscopic view of the structure at center A;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional diagram of an expanded distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a partially cutaway perspective view of an expanded distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a partial three-dimensional diagram from a top view of a distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a shell cover, U-shaped block, rectangular bar, auxiliary plate and porous plate of a distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a partially cutaway perspective view of the housing structure of a distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the processor, mounting plate, wireless antenna and perforated plate of a distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a U-shaped block, a rectangular bar, and a second clamping hole of a distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 12 This is a flow chart of a distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal of the present invention.

[0047] In the figure: 1. Terminal body; 101. Processor; 102. Human-computer interaction assembly; 103. Switch button; 104. Mounting plate; 105. Wireless antenna; 2. Housing mechanism; 201. Housing; 202. Rectangular tube; 203. Housing cover; 204. U-shaped block; 205. Rectangular strip; 206. U-shaped groove; 207. Main U-shaped plate; 208. First clamping hole; 209. Second clamping hole; 210. L-shaped block; 211. Mobile frame; 212. Auxiliary U-shaped plate; 213. Auxiliary plate; 214. Plate with holes; 21 5. Multi-well plate; 3. Data acquisition unit; 301. Data input module; 302. Signal conditioning module; 303. Signal acquisition card module; 304. Data cache module; 4. Data processing and analysis unit; 401. Data preprocessing module; 402. Data analysis algorithm module; 403. Data storage module; 404. Decision support module; 5. Communication unit; 501. Communication protocol processing module; 502. Wireless communication module; 6. Power supply unit; 601. Power conversion module; 602. Power monitoring module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the implementation regulations described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 5-Figure 7 、 Figure 10 and Figure 12As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal, including a terminal body 1, a data acquisition unit 3, a data processing and analysis unit 4, a communication unit 5 and a power supply unit 6. The terminal body 1 is used to perform intelligent monitoring of a distributed photovoltaic power generation system. The terminal body 1 includes a processor 101, a human-computer interaction assembly 102, a switch button 103 and a mounting plate 104. The processor 101 is mounted on the mounting plate 104. A wireless antenna 105 is mounted on the processor 101. The data acquisition unit 3 is used to collect status data of a distributed photovoltaic power station in real time. The data acquisition unit 3 includes a data input module 301, a signal conditioning module 302, and a control module 303. 02, signal acquisition card module 303 and data cache module 304, the data input module 301 is used to receive the data transmitted by the sensor, the signal conditioning module 302 is used to amplify and process the signal level of the received sensor signal, the signal acquisition card module 303 is used to convert the conditioned analog signal into a digital signal, and perform data acquisition according to a certain sampling frequency and sampling accuracy, and store the collected data in the data cache module 304, the data cache module 304 is used to store the collected data, the data processing and analysis unit 4 is used to comprehensively analyze the data collected by the data acquisition unit 3, data processing and analysis Unit 4 includes a data preprocessing module 401, a data analysis algorithm module 402, a data storage module 403 and a decision support module 404. The data preprocessing module 401 is used to remove noise and fill missing values from the original data. The data analysis algorithm module 402 is used to perform in-depth analysis on the preprocessed data. The data storage module 403 is used to store the processed data and the analysis results. The decision support module 404 is responsible for generating operation and maintenance decision suggestions based on the data analysis results. The communication unit 5 is used to receive the reports and warning information transmitted by the data processing and analysis unit 4, and transmit them to the remote monitoring center responsible for receiving them through a wired network or a wireless network. The communication unit 5 includes a communication protocol processing module 501 and a wireless communication module 502. The communication protocol processing module 501 is responsible for processing different communication protocols so that the data can be correctly encapsulated and parsed. The wireless communication module 502 and the wireless antenna 105 are used to wirelessly transmit data with the remote monitoring center. The power supply unit 6 is used to provide a stable power supply for each unit. The power supply unit 6 includes a power conversion module 601 and a power monitoring module 602. The power conversion module 601 is used to convert the mains power into the DC voltage required by each unit. The power monitoring module 602 is used to monitor the output voltage and current parameters of the power supply in real time, and to promptly alarm when an abnormality occurs.

[0050] In this embodiment, when it is necessary to grasp the operating status of the distributed photovoltaic power station in real time, the human-computer interaction assembly 102 and the processor 101 are directly used to start the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal. At this time, the data input module 301 will receive the collected analog signal and transmit the received analog signal directly to the signal conditioning module 302. The signal conditioning module 302 that receives the analog signal will then amplify the weak signal to a suitable range and adjust the signal level so that the signal reaches a standard suitable for subsequent processing. The conditioned analog signal will then be transmitted to the signal acquisition card module 303 by the signal conditioning module 302. After that, the signal acquisition module 303 will receive the collected analog signal and transmit the received analog signal directly to the signal conditioning module 302. The card module 303 will convert the analog signal into a digital signal based on the analog-to-digital conversion technology and in accordance with the pre-set sampling frequency and accuracy, and then transmit it to the data cache module 304 for temporary storage. After that, the data in the data cache module 304 will be transmitted to the data preprocessing module 401. Finally, the data preprocessing module 401 will perform operations such as noise removal and missing value filling on the data. When the data preprocessing operation is completed, the data after the preprocessing operation will be transmitted to the data analysis algorithm module 402. The data analysis algorithm module 402 will then determine whether the data is normal. If an abnormality occurs, it will directly send an alarm to the alarm module of the human-computer interaction assembly. The alarm instruction makes the alarm module sound an alarm to remind the operation and maintenance personnel. At the same time, by analyzing historical data, it can predict the future power generation efficiency and equipment operation trend of the distributed photovoltaic power station. Then, part of the result data after analysis will be transmitted to the data storage module 403 for storage, and the other part will be transmitted to the decision support module 404. After that, the decision support module 404 will generate operation and maintenance decision suggestions based on the data analysis results, operation and maintenance rules and experience models. Then the decision support module 404 will transmit the data to the display module of the manual interaction assembly 102 and display it on it for intuitive observation by the operation and maintenance personnel. At the same time, the decision support module 404 will also The data is transmitted to the communication protocol processing module 501, and then the communication protocol processing module 501 will perform protocol encapsulation on the transmitted operation and maintenance decision suggestions and other key data, and pass the encapsulated data to the wireless communication module 502. Finally, the wireless communication module 502 will modulate the data into a signal format suitable for wireless transmission, and transmit it wirelessly to the remote monitoring center through the wireless antenna 105. At the same time, the power supply monitoring module 602 will also monitor the output voltage, current and other parameters of the power supply in real time, and when an abnormality occurs, it will promptly issue an alarm instruction and disconnect to the alarm module of the human-computer interaction assembly 102, so that the alarm module will issue an alarm to remind the operation and maintenance personnel.

[0051] Example 2: According to Figures 1-11As shown, a shell mechanism 2 is provided on the periphery of the terminal body 1, and the shell mechanism 2 can be used for space expansion operation as needed. The shell mechanism 2 includes a shell 201, and two groups of rectangular tubes 202 are fixed to the outer wall of the shell 201. A shell cover 203 is placed on the top of the shell 201. A rectangular bar 205 is provided inside each rectangular tube 202, and a U-shaped block 204 is fixed between the tops of the multiple rectangular bars 205. The U-shaped block 204 is used to drive the shell cover 203 to move. A first clamping hole 208 is preset between the two sides of the inner wall of each rectangular tube 202, and the two first clamping holes 208 on each rectangular tube 202 are a group, and each rectangular bar 20 5 are preset with two second clamping holes 209, and the two second clamping holes 209 on each rectangular strip 205 form a group. An L-shaped block 210 is provided between the inside of each group of first clamping holes 208 and the inside of one of the second clamping holes 209 in each group. The L-shaped block 210, the first clamping hole 208 and the second clamping hole 209 are used to fix the rectangular strip 205 after it moves inside the rectangular tube 202. A movable frame 211 is fixed between the multiple L-shaped blocks 210. The shell cover 203 and the U-shaped block 204 are fixedly connected. A U-shaped groove 206 is preset on the top of the shell 201. The main U-shaped plate 207 is movably sleeved inside the U-shaped groove 206. The top of the plate 207 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell cover 203, and the movable frame 211 is fixed to the shell 201 by hand screws. The inner wall of the shell cover 203 is fixed with an auxiliary U-shaped plate 212, and the outer surface of the auxiliary U-shaped plate 212 contacts the inner wall of the shell 201. An auxiliary plate 213 is fixed to the edge of the inner wall of the shell cover 203, and the surface of the auxiliary plate 213 contacts the inner wall of the shell 201. A perforated plate 214 is installed between the opening of the shell 201 and the opening of the shell cover 203, and the surface of the perforated plate 214 contacts the surface of the auxiliary plate 213. A porous plate 215 is fixed to the top of the inner wall of the shell cover 203, and the auxiliary plate 21 3 is in contact with the surface of the auxiliary U-shaped plate 212. The auxiliary plate 213, the auxiliary U-shaped plate 212 and the main U-shaped plate 207 are used to fill the gap between the rear shell cover 203, the shell 201 and the perforated plate 214 after the expansion space is blocked. The terminal body 1 includes a processor 101, a human-computer interaction assembly 102, a switch button 103 and a mounting plate 104. The human-computer interaction assembly 102 and the switch button 103 are both mounted on the perforated plate 214. The bottom of the mounting plate 104 is in contact with the bottom of the inner wall of the shell 201. The mounting plate 104 is fixedly connected to the perforated plate 214, and the clamping end of the mounting plate 104 is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the shell 201.

[0052] When the outer shell space of the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal needs to be expanded, the screws between the perforated plate 214 and the shell cover 203 are first removed, and then the hand screws fixing the movable frame 211 are removed. Then the movable frame 211 is moved. At this time, the movable movable frame 211 will drive all the L-shaped blocks 210 connected thereto to move. When the clamping ends of each L-shaped block 210 are respectively moved out from the inside of the corresponding group of first clamping holes 208 and the inside of one of the corresponding group of second clamping holes 209, the movement of the movable frame 211 is stopped and the shell cover 203 is then moved up. At this time, the movable shell cover 203 will drive all the rectangular bars 205 connected thereto to move vertically upward with the cooperation of the U-shaped blocks 204 and all the rectangular tubes 202 connected thereto. At the same time, the movable shell cover 203 will also drive the auxiliary U-shaped plate 212, the main U-shaped plate 207 and the auxiliary plate 213 connected thereto to move. When the inside of each group of first clamping holes 208 is respectively aligned with the inside of another group of second clamping holes 209 When all parts are connected, the shell cover 203 stops moving, and then the movable frame 211 is moved to reset all the L-shaped blocks 210 and fix the moved rectangular bar 205, that is, the shell cover 203 after moving is fixed. At this time, the space composed of the shell 201, the shell cover 203 and the perforated plate 214 will be expanded to the space composed of the shell 201, the shell cover 203, the perforated plate 214, the main U-shaped plate 207, the auxiliary U-shaped plate 212 and the auxiliary plate 213. Then the perforated plate 214 is removed and the components to be added are installed on the perforated plate 215. Then the perforated plate 214 is installed back to its original position, and the perforated plate 214 and the auxiliary plate 213 (the auxiliary plate 213 has screw slots reserved in advance for screws) are fixed together with screws. At this time, the operation and maintenance personnel do not need to replace the entire component when adding components to upgrade and expand the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal, thereby reducing the operation and maintenance cost, and then avoiding the situation where the power station operation and maintenance is interrupted and the power generation efficiency is affected.

[0053] The effect and working principle of the entire mechanism are as follows:

[0054] In the preparation stage, the processor 101, the human-machine interaction assembly 102 and the switch button 103 are first connected according to the electrical connection specifications, and then the switch button 103 is connected to the mains power with a power cord. Then, the switch button 103 is pressed. At this time, the mains power will be converted into a stable voltage and current suitable for each unit and the human-machine interaction assembly 102 through the cooperation of the power conversion module 601, providing a reliable power supply for the entire intelligent operation and maintenance terminal, and starting the intelligent operation and maintenance terminal. Then, the input device module of the human-machine interaction assembly 102 is used to set various parameter thresholds such as voltage and current, specific data analysis algorithms, sampling frequency and accuracy. After that, various sensors (voltage sensor, current sensor, light intensity sensor, temperature sensor, etc.) monitoring the distributed photovoltaic power station are connected to the processor 101 of the intelligent operation and maintenance terminal. Then, the intelligent operation and maintenance terminal is wirelessly connected to the monitoring equipment in the remote monitoring center through the wireless antenna 105;

[0055] During the operation and maintenance phase, when it is necessary to grasp the operating status of the distributed photovoltaic power station in real time, the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal is started directly by using the cooperation of the human-computer interaction assembly 102 and the processor 101. At this time, the data input module 301 will receive the collected analog signal and transmit the received analog signal directly to the signal conditioning module 302. The signal conditioning module 302 that receives the analog signal will then amplify the weak signal to a suitable range and adjust the signal level so that the signal reaches a standard suitable for subsequent processing. The conditioned analog signal will then be transmitted to the signal acquisition card module 303 by the signal conditioning module 302. The signal acquisition card module 303 will then be based on analog-to-digital conversion technology and in accordance with the pre-set sampling frequency and accuracy. , convert the analog signal into a digital signal, and then transmit it to the data cache module 304 for temporary storage. After that, the data in the data cache module 304 will be transmitted to the data preprocessing module 401. Finally, the data preprocessing module 401 will perform operations such as noise removal (using the median filter algorithm to remove random noise in the data) and filling missing values (using the interpolation method to fill missing data caused by sensor failure). When the data completes the preprocessing operation, the data after the preprocessing operation will be transmitted to the data analysis algorithm module 402. Subsequently, the data analysis algorithm module 402 will use the threshold judgment algorithm to compare the collected voltage, current and other data with the pre-set threshold to determine whether the data is normal. If an abnormality occurs, it will be directly reported to the human-computer interaction assembly. The alarm module issues an alarm instruction, causing the alarm module to issue an alarm to remind the operation and maintenance personnel. At the same time, the trend analysis algorithm is used to analyze historical data (data stored in the data storage module 403, which will accumulate over time to form a historical database) to predict the future power generation efficiency and equipment operation trend of the distributed photovoltaic power station. Then, part of the result data after analysis will be transmitted to the data storage module 403 for storage (to facilitate data query and tracing by the operation and maintenance personnel), and the other part will be transmitted to the decision support module 404. After that, the decision support module 404 will generate operation and maintenance decision suggestions based on the data analysis results, operation and maintenance rules and experience models. Then the decision support module 404 will transmit the data to the human interaction assembly 1 02 display module, and display it on it for intuitive observation by operation and maintenance personnel. At the same time, the decision support module 404 will also transmit the data to the communication protocol processing module 501. Then the communication protocol processing module 501 will perform protocol encapsulation on the transmitted operation and maintenance decision suggestions and other key data (power station operation data), and pass the encapsulated data to the wireless communication module 502. Finally, the wireless communication module 502 will modulate the data into a signal format suitable for wireless transmission, and transmit it wirelessly to the remote monitoring center through the wireless antenna 105. At the same time, the power supply monitoring module 602 will also monitor the output voltage, current and other parameters of the power supply in real time, and in case of abnormality, it will promptly send an alarm instruction and disconnect to the alarm module of the human-computer interaction assembly 102.Let the alarm module issue an alarm to remind the operation and maintenance personnel;

[0056] When the space expansion stage is needed to expand the outer shell space of the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal, the screws between the perforated plate 214 and the shell cover 203 are first removed, and then the hand screws fixing the movable frame 211 are removed, and then the movable frame 211 is moved. At this time, the movable movable frame 211 will drive all the L-shaped blocks 210 connected to it to move. When the clamping ends of each L-shaped block 210 are respectively moved out from the inside of the corresponding group of first clamping holes 208 and the inside of one of the corresponding group of second clamping holes 209, the movement of the movable frame 211 is stopped, and then the shell cover 203 is moved up. At this time, the movable shell cover 203 will drive all the rectangular bars 205 connected to it to move vertically upward with the cooperation of the U-shaped blocks 204 and all rectangular tubes 202 connected to it. At the same time, the movable shell cover 203 will also drive the auxiliary U-shaped plate 212, the main U-shaped plate 207 and the auxiliary plate 213 connected to it to move. When the inside of each group of first clamping holes 208 is respectively When it is connected to the interior of another corresponding group of second card holes 209, the shell cover 203 is stopped from moving, and then the movable frame 211 is moved to reset all the L-shaped blocks 210 and fix the moved rectangular bar 205, that is, the moved shell cover 203 is fixed. At this time, the space composed of the shell 201, the shell cover 203 and the perforated plate 214 will be expanded to the space composed of the shell 201, the shell cover 203, the perforated plate 214, the main U-shaped plate 207, the auxiliary U-shaped plate 212 and the auxiliary plate 213. Then the perforated plate 214 is removed and the components to be added are installed on the porous plate 215. Then the perforated plate 214 is installed back in place, and the perforated plate 214 and the auxiliary plate 213 (the auxiliary plate 213 has screw slots reserved in advance to match the screws) are fixed together with screws. At this time, the operation and maintenance personnel do not need to replace the entire terminal when adding components to upgrade and expand the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal.

[0057] Among them, the human-computer interaction assembly 102 consists of an alarm module, an input device module and a display module. The alarm module is used to issue alarm reminders, the input device module is used for operation and maintenance personnel to query data or set various parameters, and the display module is used to display data for operation and maintenance personnel to observe intuitively.

[0058] Threshold judgment algorithm: the collected data is X, and the lower limit threshold is set as T min , the upper threshold is T max , then the threshold judgment algorithm can be expressed by the following logical expression:

[0059] Exception, if X≤T min Or X ≥ T max

[0060] Normal, if T min ≤X≤T max .

[0061] Median filtering algorithm: Assume the data sequence is x(n), where n = 0, 1,..., N - 1, and the window length of median filtering is L (L is generally an odd number). Then the formula of the median filtering algorithm is as follows:

[0062] where med{} represents taking the median of the data within the brackets, and y(n) is the output data sequence after median filtering.

[0063] Trend analysis algorithm: The collected data sequence is {x1, x2,... x n}, and the corresponding time sequence is {t1, t2,..., t n}. A straight line y = at + b is fitted by the least squares method, where

[0064]

[0065] where the collected data sequence {x1, x2,... x n} and the corresponding time sequence {t1, t2,..., t n} are obtained by the data acquisition unit 3 in real time.

[0066] Linear interpolation method: Given two data points (x0, y0) and (x1, y1), to estimate the missing value y at x (x0 < x < x1), the formula is as follows:

[0067]

[0068] Among them, the processor 101, the human - machine interaction assembly 102, the switch button 103, the wireless antenna 105, the data acquisition unit 3, the data input module 301, the signal conditioning module 302, the signal acquisition card module 303, the data cache module 304, the data processing and analysis unit 4, the data pre - processing module 401, the data analysis algorithm module 402, the data storage module 403, the decision - making support module 404, the communication unit 5, the communication protocol processing module 501, the wireless communication module 502, the power supply unit 6, the power conversion module 601, and the power monitoring module 602 are all prior arts, and their models can be selected according to actual situations and will not be explained in detail here.

[0069] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal, comprising a terminal body (1), a data acquisition unit (3), a data processing and analysis unit (4), a communication unit (5) and a power supply unit (6), characterized in that: The terminal body (1) is used for intelligent monitoring of a distributed photovoltaic power generation system. A shell mechanism (2) is provided on the periphery of the terminal body (1). The shell mechanism (2) can perform spatial expansion operations as required. The shell mechanism (2) comprises a shell (201), two groups of rectangular tubes (202) are fixed to the outer wall of the shell (201), a shell cover (203) is placed on the top of the shell (201), a rectangular bar (205) is provided inside each of the rectangular tubes (202), a U-shaped block (204) is fixed between the tops of the plurality of rectangular bars (205), and the U-shaped block (204) is used to drive the shell cover (203) to move, and a first clamping hole (208) is preset between the two sides of the inner wall of each rectangular tube (202), and the two first clamping holes on each rectangular tube (202) are (208) is a group, each of the rectangular strips (205) is preset with two second clamping holes (209), and the two second clamping holes (209) on each rectangular strip (205) are a group, and an L-shaped block (210) is provided between the inside of each group of the first clamping holes (208) and the inside of one of the second clamping holes (209) in each group, and the L-shaped block (210), the first clamping hole (208) and the second clamping hole (209) are used to fix the rectangular strip (205) after it moves inside the rectangular tube (202), and a movable frame (211) is fixed between the plurality of L-shaped blocks (210).

2. The distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell cover (203) and the U-shaped block (204) are fixedly connected. A U-shaped groove (206) is preset on the top of the shell (201). A main U-shaped plate (207) is movably sleeved inside the U-shaped groove (206). The top of the main U-shaped plate (207) and the bottom of the shell cover (203) are fixedly connected. The movable frame (211) is fixed to the shell (201) by hand screws.

3. The distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal according to claim 2, characterized in that: An auxiliary U-shaped plate (212) is fixed to the inner wall of the shell cover (203), and the outer surface of the auxiliary U-shaped plate (212) contacts the inner wall of the shell (201). An auxiliary plate (213) is fixed at the edge of the inner wall of the shell cover (203), and the surface of the auxiliary plate (213) contacts the inner wall of the shell (201).

4. The distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal according to claim 3, characterized in that: A perforated plate (214) is installed between the opening of the shell (201) and the opening of the shell cover (203), the surface of the perforated plate (214) is in contact with the surface of the auxiliary plate (213), and a perforated plate (215) is fixed to the top of the inner wall of the shell cover (203).

5. The distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface of the auxiliary plate (213) contacts the surface of the auxiliary U-shaped plate (212), and the auxiliary plate (213), the auxiliary U-shaped plate (212) and the main U-shaped plate (207) are used to fill the gap between the rear shell cover (203), the shell (201) and the perforated plate (214) after the expansion space is filled.

6. The distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal according to claim 4, characterized in that: The terminal body (1) comprises a processor (101), a human-computer interaction assembly (102), a switch button (103) and a mounting plate (104); the processor (101) is mounted on the mounting plate (104); the human-computer interaction assembly (102) and the switch button (103) are both mounted on a perforated plate (214); the bottom of the mounting plate (104) contacts the bottom of the inner wall of the housing (201); the mounting plate (104) is fixedly connected to the perforated plate (214); the snap-on end of the mounting plate (104) is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the housing (201); and a wireless antenna (105) is mounted on the processor (101).

7. The distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition unit (3) is used to collect status data of the distributed photovoltaic power station in real time, and the data acquisition unit (3) includes a data input module (301), a signal conditioning module (302), a signal acquisition card module (303) and a data cache module (304); The data input module (301) is used to receive data transmitted by the sensor; The signal conditioning module (302) is used to amplify and process the signal level of the received sensor signal; The signal acquisition card module (303) is used to convert the conditioned analog signal into a digital signal, and to collect data according to a certain sampling frequency and sampling accuracy, and to store the collected data in the data cache module (304); The data cache module (304) is used to store the collected data.

8. The distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing and analysis unit (4) is used to comprehensively analyze the data collected by the data collection unit (3), and the data processing and analysis unit (4) includes a data preprocessing module (401), a data analysis algorithm module (402), a data storage module (403) and a decision support module (404); The data preprocessing module (401) is used to remove noise from the original data and fill in missing values; The data analysis algorithm module (402) is used to perform in-depth analysis on the pre-processed data; The data storage module (403) is used to store processed data and analysis results; The decision support module (404) is responsible for generating operation and maintenance decision suggestions based on data analysis results.

9. The distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal according to claim 6, characterized in that: The communication unit (5) is used to receive reports and warning information transmitted by the data processing and analysis unit (4), and transmit them to a remote monitoring center responsible for receiving them through a wired network or a wireless network. The communication unit (5) includes a communication protocol processing module (501) and a wireless communication module (502); The communication protocol processing module (501) is responsible for processing different communication protocols to ensure that data is correctly encapsulated and parsed; The wireless communication module (502) and the wireless antenna (105) are used for wireless data transmission with a remote monitoring center.

10. The distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply unit (6) is used to provide a stable power supply for each unit, and the power supply unit (6) includes a power conversion module (601) and a power monitoring module (602); The power conversion module (601) is used to convert the mains electricity into the DC voltage required by each unit; The power supply monitoring module (602) is used to monitor the output voltage and current parameters of the power supply in real time and to promptly issue an alarm when an abnormality occurs.

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