Nanofiber membrane gas adsorption device and desorption regeneration method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a nanofiber membrane gas adsorption device and a desorption regeneration method thereof, the adsorption device is composed of a closed gas treatment bin, a gas adsorption and desorption bin and gas channels, and the gas channels comprise a gas inlet channel, a gas outlet channel, a gas return channel and a recovery channel; a vacuum pump is connected into a gas inlet channel for vacuumizing, raw material gas is connected into the gas inlet channel for ventilation, gas in a gas treatment bin is heated, a fan is turned on, the heated gas enters a gas adsorption and desorption bin from the gas treatment bin through a gas outlet channel, the gas passes through a nanofiber membrane in the gas adsorption and desorption bin, and a gas return ball valve is turned on; the circulation of the gas in the gas treatment bin and the gas adsorption and desorption bin is realized, so that the nanofiber membrane fully adsorbs the target gas; electrifying the heating iron gauze to enable the nanofiber membrane to reach the required desorption temperature, and connecting a recovery channel into a recovery device to recover the target gas; according to the invention, the adsorption and desorption energy consumption of the nanofiber membrane can be reduced, and the adsorption rate of the nanofiber membrane to the target gas is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an adsorption device, in particular to a nanofiber membrane adsorption device and a desorption and regeneration method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Nanofibers are considered cutting-edge materials due to their light weight, flexible properties, ease of handling, and ability to be modified with compounds to serve as solid adsorbents for capturing various gases. Their exceptionally high surface area, high pore volume, customizable structure, and post-processing feasibility make them potential candidates for gas capture, including carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Nanofiber membranes not only capture a reasonable amount of gas, but also consume less energy, have lower production costs, are easier to manufacture, and, most importantly, are produced using environmentally friendly processes.

[0003] Currently, there is a lack of testing equipment for the adsorption rate of specific gases by nanofiber membranes. The document with Chinese Patent Publication No. CN111467929A discloses a rarefied gas adsorption capture device and its adsorption capture process and application. This device is a conventional gas adsorption device and cannot test the adsorption rate and optimal adsorption and desorption temperature of the nanofiber membrane. During adsorption, there is no return gas path for the raw gas. During desorption and regeneration, high-temperature nitrogen is often passed through the device, and the high-temperature nitrogen is used to blow the nanofiber membrane to heat the nanofiber membrane, thereby causing the nanofiber membrane to desorb gas. The problems with this method are: first, the utilization rate of the raw gas is low, and the adsorption efficiency is low; second, the nitrogen needs to be heated before desorption, which consumes a lot of energy and is complicated to operate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of low raw gas utilization and high desorption and regeneration energy consumption in existing gas adsorption technology, and to provide a nanofiber membrane adsorption device and its desorption and regeneration method that can improve the utilization rate of raw gas and reduce energy consumption.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts a nanofiber membrane gas adsorption device adopts the following technical scheme: it is composed of a closed gas treatment chamber, a gas adsorption and desorption chamber and a gas channel, and the gas channel includes an air inlet channel, an air outlet channel, a return air channel and a recovery channel; the gas treatment chamber shell is provided with an air inlet, an air return port and an air outlet of the gas treatment chamber, and the gas treatment chamber air outlet is directly opposite to the gas treatment chamber air inlet; a heating rod, a fan, a temperature sensor, a pressure gauge and a concentration laser sensor are arranged inside the gas treatment container, and the fan air outlet direction is toward the gas treatment chamber air outlet, and the air suction direction is toward the gas treatment chamber air inlet; a film carrier is provided in the gas adsorption and desorption chamber and is placed horizontally in the middle of the gas adsorption and desorption chamber. A heating wire mesh is set in the central position of the film carrier, and a nanofiber membrane is installed on the heating wire mesh; a gas adsorption and desorption chamber air inlet, a return air port and a waste gas collection port are provided on the gas adsorption and desorption chamber shell, and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber air inlet is opposite to the gas adsorption and desorption chamber waste gas collection port; the air inlet channel is connected to the gas treatment chamber air inlet, the gas treatment chamber air outlet and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber air inlet are connected by the air outlet channel, the gas treatment chamber return air port and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber return air port are connected by the return air channel, and the recovery channel is connected to the gas adsorption and desorption chamber waste gas collection port; the air inlet channel is equipped with an air inlet ball valve, the air outlet channel is equipped with an air outlet ball valve, the return air channel is equipped with a return ball valve, and the recovery channel is equipped with a recovery ball valve.

[0006] Furthermore, the gas adsorption and desorption chamber air inlet is above the film carrier, the gas adsorption and desorption chamber air return port and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber waste gas collection port are both below the film carrier, and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber air return port and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber waste gas collection port are perpendicular to each other.

[0007] The desorption and regeneration method of a nanofiber membrane gas adsorption device of the present invention adopts the following technical solution: comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step A: Connect the vacuum pump to the air inlet channel, start the vacuum pump to draw vacuum, open the air inlet ball valve, and when the pressure gauge shows the set vacuum value, stop the vacuum pump and close the air inlet ball valve;

[0009] Step B: Connect the raw gas to the air inlet channel, close the outlet ball valve and the return ball valve, open the inlet ball valve, and start ventilation until the pressure gauge displays the set air pressure and then close the inlet ball valve; then turn on the heating rod to heat the gas in the gas processing chamber until the temperature detected by the temperature sensor reaches the set adsorption temperature and then turn off the heating rod;

[0010] Step C: Open the outlet ball valve and fan, and the heated gas enters the gas adsorption and desorption chamber from the gas treatment chamber through the outlet channel. The gas passes through the nanofiber membrane in the gas adsorption and desorption chamber. Then, open the return ball valve to circulate the gas in the gas treatment chamber and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber, allowing the nanofiber membrane to fully adsorb the target gas.

[0011] Step D: Close the recovery ball valve, power the heating wire mesh, and heat the nanofiber membrane on the wire mesh to the required desorption temperature. When the concentration laser sensor shows that the concentration is no longer increasing, connect the recovery valve to the recovery device, open the recovery ball valve, and recover the target gas.

[0012] Furthermore, in step C, the concentration laser sensor always detects the concentration of the target gas in the gas processing chamber. When the concentration laser sensor shows that the target gas reaches the set concentration, the recovery ball valve is opened to recover the treated gas.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] 1. The nanofiber membrane adsorption device of the present invention can adsorb the target gas in the raw gas. The device has a simple and compact structure, which reduces the energy consumption of adsorption and desorption of the nanofiber membrane and improves the adsorption rate of the nanofiber membrane to the target gas.

[0015] 2. The nanofiber membrane adsorption device of the present invention is provided with a dedicated specific reflux channel, and adopts an electrically heated wire mesh to directly heat the nanofiber membrane regeneration method, thereby improving the utilization rate of raw gas, improving the desorption efficiency of the nanofiber membrane, and reducing energy consumption during regeneration; at the same time, during the adsorption and desorption process, the temperature, wind speed and air pressure can be adjusted, and it is suitable for nanofiber membranes of various materials.

[0016] 3. The data obtained by the concentration laser sensor and the temperature sensor of the present invention can establish the optimal adsorption temperature and desorption temperature of the nanofiber membrane for specific gases at different temperatures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to illustrate the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. The drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a nanofiber membrane gas adsorption device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged three-dimensional structure of the gas processing chamber;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged three-dimensional structure of the gas adsorption and desorption chamber;

[0021] In the figure: 1. Gas treatment chamber shell; 2. Gas adsorption and desorption chamber shell; 3. Heating rod; 4. Fan; 5. Temperature sensor; 6. Gas treatment chamber cover; 7. Gas adsorption and desorption chamber cover; 8. Heating wire mesh; 9. Film carrier; 10. Clamping handle; 12. Outlet ball valve; 14. Return ball valve; 15. Concentration laser sensor; 16. Pressure gauge; 17. Inlet ball valve; 18. Recovery ball valve; 19. Lock; 20. Gas treatment chamber air inlet; 21. Gas treatment chamber air return port; 22. Gas treatment chamber air outlet; 23. Sealing strip; 24. Lock; 25. Gas adsorption and desorption chamber air return port; 26. Gas adsorption and desorption chamber air inlet; 27. Sealing strip; 28. Gas adsorption and desorption chamber exhaust gas collection port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention is a nanofiber membrane gas adsorption device, which consists of three parts: a gas processing chamber, a gas adsorption and desorption chamber, and a supporting gas channel. The gas processing chamber includes a gas processing chamber shell 1, a gas processing chamber cover 6, a heating rod 3, a fan 4, a temperature sensor 5, a pressure gauge 16, a concentration laser sensor 15, a gas processing chamber air inlet 20, a gas processing chamber air outlet 22, and a gas processing chamber air return port 21. The gas adsorption and desorption chamber includes a gas adsorption and desorption chamber shell 2, a gas adsorption and desorption chamber cover 7, a heating wire mesh 8, a film carrier 9, a clamping handle 10, a gas adsorption and desorption chamber air return port 25, a gas adsorption and desorption chamber air inlet 26, and a gas adsorption and desorption chamber waste gas collection port 13. The supporting gas channel includes an air inlet channel, an air outlet channel, a return air channel, and a recovery channel.

[0023] The closed gas processing chamber container is composed of a gas processing chamber shell 1 and a gas processing chamber cover 6, which are hingedly connected. The gas processing chamber cover 6 is fastened to the gas processing chamber shell 1 by a lock 19 to ensure the stability of the gas processing chamber cover 6. A sealing strip 23 is installed on the gas processing chamber cover 6 to ensure the sealing of the gas processing chamber. Inside the closed gas processing container, a heating rod 3, a fan 4, a temperature sensor 5, a pressure gauge 16, and a concentration laser sensor 15 are installed. The temperature sensor 5 is used to detect the gas temperature within the gas processing container, the pressure gauge 16 is used to detect the gas pressure within the gas processing container, and the concentration laser sensor 15 is used to detect the target gas concentration within the gas processing container.

[0024] The gas adsorption and desorption chamber housing 2 and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber cover 7 are connected by hinges to form a closed gas adsorption and desorption chamber container. The gas adsorption and desorption chamber cover 7 is installed with a sealing strip 11 to ensure the sealing of the gas processing chamber. The gas adsorption and desorption chamber cover 7 is fastened to the gas adsorption and desorption chamber housing 2 by a lock 24.

[0025] The gas processing chamber housing 1 is provided with a gas processing chamber air inlet 20, a gas processing chamber air return port 21, and a gas processing chamber air outlet 22. The gas processing chamber air outlet 22 is directly opposite the gas processing chamber air inlet 20, and the gas processing chamber air return port 21 is located to the side, perpendicular to the gas processing chamber air outlet 22 at the gas processing chamber air inlet 20. Pneumatic joints are installed at the gas processing chamber air inlet 20, the gas processing chamber air return port 21, and the gas processing chamber air outlet 22 to ensure the airtightness of the gas processing chamber.

[0026] The gas adsorption and desorption chamber shell 2 is provided with a gas adsorption and desorption chamber air inlet 26, a gas adsorption and desorption chamber air return port 25, and a gas adsorption and desorption chamber waste gas collection port 28. Pneumatic joints are installed on the gas adsorption and desorption chamber air inlet 26, the gas adsorption and desorption chamber air return port 25, and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber waste gas collection port 28 to ensure the air tightness of the gas treatment chamber and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber. The gas adsorption and desorption chamber air inlet 26 is above the film carrier 9, and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber air return port 25 and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber waste gas collection port 28 are both below the film carrier 9, and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber air return port 25 and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber waste gas collection port 28 are perpendicular to each other. The gas adsorption and desorption chamber air inlet 26 is opposite the gas adsorption and desorption chamber waste gas collection port 28.

[0027] The air inlet channel is connected to the air inlet 20 of the gas treatment chamber, the air outlet channel is connected between the air outlet 22 of the gas treatment chamber and the air inlet 26 of the gas adsorption and desorption chamber, the air return channel is connected between the air return port 21 of the gas treatment chamber and the air return port 25 of the gas adsorption and desorption chamber, and the recovery channel is connected to the waste gas collection port 28 of the gas adsorption and desorption chamber.

[0028] An inlet ball valve 17 is installed on the inlet passage to control the on / off of the inlet passage. An outlet ball valve 12 is installed on the outlet passage to control the on / off of the outlet passage. A return ball valve 14 is installed on the return passage to control the on / off of the return passage. A recovery ball valve 18 is installed on the recovery passage to control the on / off of the recovery passage. The other end of the recovery passage is connected to an external gas recovery device.

[0029] A fan 4 is installed inside the gas treatment chamber, on the same side of the gas treatment chamber air inlet 20. The fan 4 is a bidirectional fan, with its air outlet direction toward the gas treatment chamber air outlet 22 and its air suction direction toward the gas treatment chamber air inlet 20. The fan 4 realizes the internal circulation of gas in the gas treatment chamber and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber.

[0030] A film carrier 9 is provided in the gas adsorption and desorption chamber. The film carrier 9 is placed horizontally in the middle of the gas adsorption and desorption chamber. A heating wire mesh 8 that can be heated by electricity is provided in the center of the film carrier 9. A boss is provided on the inner wall of the gas adsorption and desorption chamber. The film carrier 9 is placed on the boss to facilitate removal of the film carrier 9. Clamping handles 10 are provided on the four sides of the heating wire mesh 8. The nanofiber membrane is installed on the heating wire mesh 8. The clamping handles 10 can clamp the nanofiber membrane.

[0031] The nanofiber membrane adsorption-desorption regeneration method is as follows: first, close the inlet ball valve 17 and the recovery ball valve 18, and open the outlet ball valve 12 and the return ball valve 14. Remove the membrane carrier 9 from the gas adsorption-desorption chamber, place the nanofiber membrane on the heated wire mesh 8, and clamp the nanofiber membrane with the clamping handle 10. Place the membrane carrier 9 into the gas adsorption-desorption chamber, close the gas adsorption-desorption chamber cover 7, and fasten the gas adsorption-desorption chamber lock 24.

[0032] Connect the vacuum pump to the air inlet channel, start the vacuum pump to draw vacuum, open the air inlet ball valve 17, and when the pressure gauge 16 displays the set vacuum value, stop the vacuum pump and close the air inlet ball valve 17.

[0033] The raw gas, for example, a mixture of gases with excessive concentrations of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ammonia, or other gases, is connected to the inlet channel. The outlet ball valve 12 and the return ball valve 14 are closed. Then, the inlet ball valve 17 is opened and ventilation begins. Once the pressure gauge 16 displays the set pressure, the inlet ball valve 17 is closed. The heater 3 is then turned on to heat the gas in the gas processing chamber. The temperature sensor 5 monitors the gas temperature in the gas processing chamber until it reaches the desired adsorption temperature. The heater 3 is then turned off. The adsorption temperature is the optimal adsorption temperature for the nanofiber membrane for the target gas.

[0034] First, open the outlet ball valve 12 and the fan 4, and allow the heated gas to enter the gas adsorption and desorption chamber from the gas treatment chamber through the outlet channel. The gas passes through the nanofiber membrane in the gas adsorption and desorption chamber. Then open the return ball valve 14, and allow the gas to pass through the nanofiber membrane and then return to the gas treatment chamber from the return channel, so as to realize the circulation of the gas in the gas treatment chamber and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber, and allow the nanofiber membrane to fully adsorb the target gas (for example, the target gas can be carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ammonia and other gases). At the same time, the concentration laser sensor 15 always detects the concentration of the target gas in the gas treatment chamber. When the concentration laser sensor 15 shows that the target gas reaches the specified concentration, open the recovery ball valve 18 to recycle the treated gas and realize the deflation of the target gas.

[0035] Close recovery ball valve 18 and energize heated wire mesh 8. This heats the mesh, thereby heating the nanofiber membrane on the mesh, until the membrane reaches the desired desorption temperature, which is the optimal temperature for the nanofiber membrane to desorb the target gas. When the concentration laser sensor 15 indicates that the concentration is no longer increasing, desorption is complete. Connect the recovery valve to the recovery device, open recovery ball valve 18, and recover the target gas, thus achieving desorption regeneration.

[0036] The raw gas is adsorbed by the nanofiber membrane gas adsorption device to obtain a mixed gas with normal concentration, which can meet the recovery standard of the raw gas. The target gas is obtained during the desorption and regeneration post-treatment adsorption process.

Claims

1. A nanofiber membrane gas adsorption device, characterized by: It consists of a closed gas processing chamber, a gas adsorption and desorption chamber and a gas channel, which includes an air inlet channel, an air outlet channel, a return air channel and a recovery channel; The gas processing chamber shell is provided with an air inlet (20), an air return port (21) and an air outlet (22) of the gas processing chamber, and the gas processing chamber air outlet (22) is directly opposite to the gas processing chamber air inlet (20); A heating rod (3), a fan (4), a temperature sensor (5), a pressure gauge (16) and a concentration laser sensor (15) are arranged inside the gas processing container. The fan (4) discharges air in a direction toward the gas processing chamber outlet (22) and draws air in a direction toward the gas processing chamber inlet (20). A film carrier (9) is provided in the gas adsorption and desorption chamber and is placed horizontally in the middle of the gas adsorption and desorption chamber. A heating wire mesh (8) is provided in the center of the film carrier (9). A nanofiber membrane is installed on the heating wire mesh (8). The gas adsorption and desorption chamber shell is provided with a gas adsorption and desorption chamber air inlet (26), a gas return port (25) and a waste gas collection port (28), wherein the gas adsorption and desorption chamber air inlet (26) is opposite to the gas adsorption and desorption chamber waste gas collection port (28); The air inlet channel is connected to the air inlet (20) of the gas processing chamber, the air outlet (22) of the gas processing chamber and the air inlet (26) of the gas adsorption and desorption chamber are connected to the air outlet channel, the air return port (21) of the gas processing chamber and the air return port (25) of the gas adsorption and desorption chamber are connected to the air return channel, and the recovery channel is connected to the waste gas collection port (28) of the gas adsorption and desorption chamber; The air inlet channel is provided with an air inlet ball valve (17), the air outlet channel is provided with an air outlet ball valve (12), the air return channel is provided with a air return ball valve (14), and the air recovery channel is provided with a air recovery ball valve (18).

2. The nanofiber membrane gas adsorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas adsorption and desorption chamber air inlet (26) is above the film carrier (9), the gas adsorption and desorption chamber air return port (25) and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber waste gas collection port (28) are both below the film carrier (9), and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber air return port (25) and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber waste gas collection port (28) are perpendicular to each other.

3. The nanofiber membrane gas adsorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A boss is provided on the inner side wall of the gas adsorption and desorption chamber, and a film carrier (9) is placed on the boss.

4. The nanofiber membrane gas adsorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Clamping handles (10) are provided on the four sides of the heating wire mesh (8) for clamping the nanofiber membrane.

5. The nanofiber membrane gas adsorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas processing chamber shell (1) and the gas processing chamber cover (6) are hingedly connected to form a closed gas processing chamber. The gas processing chamber cover (6) and the gas processing chamber shell (1) are fastened by a lock (19), and a sealing strip (23) is installed on the gas processing chamber cover (6).

6. The nanofiber membrane gas adsorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas adsorption and desorption chamber shell (2) and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber cover (7) are connected by a hinge to form a closed gas adsorption and desorption chamber. The gas adsorption and desorption chamber cover (7) is provided with a sealing strip (11). The gas adsorption and desorption chamber cover (7) and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber shell (2) are fastened by a lock buckle (24).

7. A desorption and regeneration method for the nanofiber membrane gas adsorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that The following steps are involved: Step A: Connect the vacuum pump to the air inlet channel, start the vacuum pump to draw vacuum, open the air inlet ball valve (17), stop the vacuum pump when the pressure gauge (16) shows the set vacuum value, and close the air inlet ball valve (17); Step B: Connect the raw gas to the gas inlet channel, close the outlet ball valve (12) and the return ball valve (14), open the inlet ball valve (17), and start ventilation until the pressure gauge (16) displays the set pressure and then close the inlet ball valve (17); then turn on the heating rod (3) to heat the gas in the gas processing chamber until the temperature detected by the temperature sensor (5) reaches the set adsorption temperature and then turn off the heating rod (3); Step C: Open the outlet ball valve (12) and the fan (4), and the heated gas enters the gas adsorption and desorption chamber from the gas treatment chamber through the outlet channel, and the gas passes through the nanofiber membrane in the gas adsorption and desorption chamber; then open the return ball valve (14) to realize the circulation of the gas in the gas treatment chamber and the gas adsorption and desorption chamber, so that the nanofiber membrane can fully adsorb the target gas; Step D: Close the recovery ball valve (18), energize the heating wire mesh (8), and heat the nanofiber membrane on the heating wire mesh (8) to the desired desorption temperature. When the concentration laser sensor (15) shows that the concentration is no longer increasing, connect the recovery valve to the recovery device, open the recovery ball valve (18), and recover the target gas.

8. The desorption regeneration method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step C, the concentration laser sensor (15) always detects the concentration of the target gas in the gas processing chamber. When the concentration laser sensor (15) shows that the target gas reaches the set concentration, the recovery ball valve (18) is opened to recover the treated gas.

9. The desorption regeneration method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adsorption temperature in step B is the optimal adsorption temperature of the nanofiber membrane for the target gas.

10. The desorption regeneration method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The desorption temperature in step D is the optimal desorption temperature of the nanofiber membrane for the target gas.

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