Direct heat pump type heat management system and heat management method

Abstract

The invention discloses a direct heat pump type heat management system and a heat management method. The direct heat pump type heat management system comprises a cooling liquid circulation loop, a refrigerant circulation loop and a heat supply ventilation and air conditioning assembly, the cooling liquid circulation loop comprises a multi-way water valve and a plurality of cooling liquid loops, wherein the multi-way water valve is provided with at least eight valve ports from the first valve port to the eighth valve port, and the cooling liquid loops are connected to the eight different valve ports of the multi-way water valve. The refrigerant circulation loop comprises a refrigerant multi-way valve and a plurality of refrigerant loops, wherein the refrigerant multi-way valve is provided with at least four valve ports from a valve port A to a valve port D, and the refrigerant loops are connected to the four different valve ports of the refrigerant multi-way valve. The multi-way water valve can achieve various circular flowing modes of cooling liquid by controlling the first valve port to the eighth valve port to be communicated or cut off, and the refrigerant multi-way valve can achieve various circular flowing modes of refrigerants by controlling the first valve port to the eighth valve port to be communicated or cut off. Control and switching of multiple heat management modes can be achieved between the cooling liquid circulation loop and the refrigerant circulation loop through heat exchange.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal management systems for new energy vehicles, and in particular to a direct heat pump type thermal management system and a thermal management method. Background Art

[0002] In the thermal management system of new energy vehicles, the direct heat pump system has the significant advantages of less heat loss, larger heating heat exchange capacity and better heating COP compared with the indirect heat pump system because the compressor exhaust can directly exchange heat with the HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning assembly) intake air through the indoor heat exchanger. It has become a current research hotspot.

[0003] However, existing direct heat pump thermal management systems still have numerous shortcomings. For example, the direct heat pump thermal management system disclosed in Chinese patent CN117485090A requires a secondary heat exchange process from refrigerant to water to ambient air, using a battery cooler and radiator, under typical winter heat pump heating conditions. This secondary heat exchange method limits the applicable outside air temperature range and heat transfer capacity of heat pump heating, preventing the full energy-saving benefits of heat pump heating.

[0004] Furthermore, the direct heat pump thermal management system disclosed in Chinese patent CN115303013B suffers from low system integration. The system includes multiple water valves and refrigerant valves, resulting in a large number of components and significant circuit heat loss. Under low-temperature conditions, the system's battery pack heating relies on a PTC water heater. Due to circuit design limitations, the system cannot effectively utilize the motor's waste heat, resulting in excessive heating power consumption. Furthermore, under typical winter conditions (ambient temperature ≥ 0°C), the waste heat recovery device is connected in series with the outdoor condenser to absorb heat as an evaporator. This causes pressure loss on the low-pressure side of the refrigerant, making it difficult to fully realize the maximum energy-saving effect of heat pump heating.

[0005] In summary, the existing direct heat pump type thermal management system has shortcomings in heat exchange efficiency, system integration, waste heat utilization and energy saving effect. An innovative direct heat pump type thermal management system is urgently needed to achieve a balance between performance and energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and provide a direct heat pump type thermal management system and thermal management method that can realize motor waste heat heating, heat pump heating with a large working range, effectively reduce heating energy consumption, realize multi-function mode switching and have high system integration.

[0007] To achieve this purpose, the direct heat pump type thermal management system designed by the present invention includes a coolant circulation circuit, a refrigerant circulation circuit and a heating, ventilation and air conditioning assembly, wherein the heating, ventilation and air conditioning assembly includes an evaporator and an indoor condenser, the coolant circulation circuit includes a multi-way water valve with at least eight valve ports from valve port 1 to valve port 8 and a plurality of coolant circuits connected to the eight different valve ports of the multi-way water valve; the refrigerant circulation circuit includes a refrigerant multi-way valve with at least four valve ports from valve port A to valve port D and a plurality of refrigerant circuits connected to the four different valve ports of the refrigerant multi-way valve; the plurality of coolant circuits include a battery circuit, an electric drive circuit, a coolant heat dissipation circuit and a coolant heating and cooling circuit. circuit; the multiple refrigerant circuits include a refrigerant main circuit connecting the compressor, the evaporator and the indoor condenser in series; a refrigerant heat dissipation circuit connected to the refrigerant main circuit; a compressor circuit connected to the compressor and a refrigerant heat exchange circuit connected to the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit and the refrigerant main circuit; the multi-way water valve can realize a variety of circulation flow modes of the coolant by controlling the mutual connection or cutoff between valve ports one to eight, and the refrigerant multi-way valve can realize a variety of circulation flow modes of the refrigerant by controlling the mutual connection or cutoff between valve ports A to D, and the control and switching of various thermal management modes can be realized through heat exchange between the coolant circulation circuit and the refrigerant circulation circuit.

[0008] Furthermore, the two ends of the battery circuit, the two ends of the electric drive circuit, the two ends of the coolant heat dissipation circuit and the two ends of the coolant heating and cooling circuit are respectively connected to any two valve ports of the multi-way water valve, and the two ends of the battery circuit, the two ends of the electric drive circuit, the two ends of the coolant heat dissipation circuit and the two ends of the coolant heating and cooling circuit are respectively connected to eight different valve ports of the multi-way water valve.

[0009] Furthermore, the battery circuit includes a battery pack and a second electronic water pump connected in series, the electric drive circuit includes an electric drive assembly and a first electronic water pump connected in series, the coolant heat dissipation circuit includes a motor radiator and an expansion water tank connected in series, and the coolant heating and cooling circuit includes a water heater and a heat exchanger connected in series.

[0010] Furthermore, the two ends of the refrigerant main circuit are respectively connected to any two valve ports of the refrigerant multi-way valve, the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit is connected between one of the remaining valve ports of the refrigerant multi-way valve and the refrigerant main circuit, the compressor circuit is connected between one of the remaining valve ports of the refrigerant multi-way valve and the compressor, one end of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit is connected to the evaporator, the indoor condenser and the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit at the same time, and the other end of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit is connected to the compressor.

[0011] Furthermore, the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit includes an outdoor radiator connected between the refrigerant multi-way valve and the evaporator, the compressor circuit includes a connecting pipe connected between one of the remaining valve ports of the refrigerant multi-way valve and the compressor, and the refrigerant heat exchange circuit includes a heat exchanger whose one end is connected to the outdoor radiator and the indoor condenser through a pipe and the other end is connected to the compressor through a pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the present invention designs a thermal management method based on the above-mentioned direct heat pump type thermal management system, which includes a coolant circuit thermal management method and a refrigerant circuit thermal pipeline method; the coolant circuit thermal management method includes a single-circuit coolant thermal management method for individually controlling one or more of the multiple coolant circuits and a combined circuit coolant thermal pipeline method for coupling at least two of the multiple coolant circuits to form at least one circulating coolant circuit; the refrigerant circuit thermal management method includes a single-circuit refrigerant thermal management method for individually controlling one or more of the multiple refrigerant circuits and a combined circuit refrigerant thermal pipeline method for coupling at least two of the multiple refrigerant circuits to form at least one circulating refrigerant circuit.

[0013] Furthermore, the single-loop coolant thermal management method includes a single battery loop thermal management method for independently controlling the battery loop; and a single electric drive loop thermal management method for independently controlling the electric drive loop; the combined loop coolant thermal pipeline method includes a first coolant combined loop thermal management method for coupling the battery loop with the coolant heating and cooling loop for thermal management control; a second coolant combined loop thermal management method for coupling the battery loop with the coolant heat dissipation loop for thermal management control; a third coolant combined loop thermal management method for coupling the electric drive loop with the coolant heat dissipation loop for thermal management control; and a third coolant combined loop thermal management method for coupling the electric drive loop with the coolant heating and cooling loop for thermal management control. The present invention also provides a fourth coolant combination circuit thermal management method for coupling and connecting the battery circuit and the electric drive circuit for thermal management control; a fifth coolant combination circuit thermal management method for coupling and connecting the battery circuit and the electric drive circuit for thermal management control; a sixth coolant combination circuit thermal management method for coupling and connecting the electric drive circuit, the coolant heating and cooling circuit and the battery circuit for thermal management control; a seventh coolant combination circuit thermal management method for coupling and connecting the electric drive circuit, the battery circuit, the coolant heat dissipation circuit and the coolant heating and cooling circuit for thermal management control; and an eighth coolant combination circuit thermal management method for coupling and connecting the battery circuit, the electric drive circuit and the coolant heat dissipation circuit for thermal management control.

[0014] Furthermore, the single battery circuit thermal management method includes connecting the water inlet and outlet of the battery circuit through a multi-way water valve, introducing the coolant into the battery pack, allowing the coolant to flow through the battery pack, and performing uniform temperature control on the battery pack; the single electric drive circuit thermal management method includes connecting the water inlet and outlet of the electric drive circuit through a multi-way water valve, introducing the coolant into the electric drive assembly, allowing the coolant to flow through the electric drive assembly, and allowing the electric drive assembly to quickly store heat under low temperature conditions; the first coolant combination circuit thermal management method includes connecting the water outlet of the battery circuit with the water inlet of the coolant heating and cooling circuit through the multi-way water valve, and allowing the coolant to flow through the electric drive assembly. The water outlet of the heating and cooling circuit is connected to the water inlet of the battery circuit, so that the coolant passes through the heat exchanger of the coolant heating and cooling circuit and flows into the battery pack of the battery circuit to cool the battery pack; or the coolant is heated when passing through the water heater of the coolant heating and cooling circuit, and the heated coolant is introduced into the battery pack of the battery circuit to heat the battery pack; the second coolant combination circuit thermal management method includes connecting the water outlet of the battery circuit with the water inlet of the coolant heat dissipation circuit through the multi-way water valve, and connecting the water outlet of the coolant heat dissipation circuit with the water inlet of the battery circuit, so that the coolant After the heat is dissipated by the coolant heat dissipation circuit, the coolant flows into the battery pack of the battery circuit to cool the battery pack; the third coolant combination circuit thermal management method includes connecting the water outlet of the electric drive circuit with the water inlet of the coolant heat dissipation circuit through the multi-way water valve, and connecting the water outlet of the coolant heat dissipation circuit with the water inlet of the electric drive circuit, so that the coolant flows into the electric drive assembly of the electric drive circuit after the heat is dissipated by the coolant heat dissipation circuit to cool the electric drive assembly; the fourth coolant combination circuit thermal management method includes connecting the water outlet of the electric drive circuit with the water inlet of the coolant heating and cooling circuit through the multi-way water valve, The water outlet of the coolant heating and cooling circuit is connected to the water inlet of the electric drive circuit, so that the coolant is heated when passing through the electric drive assembly of the electric drive circuit and the water heater of the coolant heating and cooling circuit, and the heat is transferred to the passenger compartment through the heat exchanger of the coolant heating and cooling circuit; the fifth coolant combined circuit thermal management method includes connecting the water outlet of the electric drive circuit with the water inlet of the battery circuit through the multi-way water valve, and connecting the water outlet of the battery circuit with the water inlet of the electric drive circuit, so that the coolant is heated by the electric drive assembly of the electric drive circuit and then flows through the battery pack of the battery circuit to heat the battery pack;The sixth coolant combination circuit thermal management method includes connecting the water outlet of the battery circuit with the water inlet of the electric drive circuit through the multi-way water valve, connecting the water outlet of the electric drive circuit with the water inlet of the coolant heating and cooling circuit, and connecting the water outlet of the coolant heating and cooling circuit with the water inlet of the battery circuit, so that the coolant passes through the electric drive assembly of the electric drive circuit and the water heater of the coolant heating and cooling circuit and then enters the battery pack of the battery circuit to heat the battery pack; the seventh coolant combination circuit thermal management method includes connecting the water outlet of the electric drive circuit with the water inlet of the battery circuit, the water inlet of the coolant heat dissipation circuit and the water inlet of the coolant heating and cooling circuit at the same time through the multi-way water valve, connecting the water inlet of the electric drive circuit with the water outlet of the battery circuit, the water inlet of the coolant heat dissipation circuit and the water inlet of the coolant heating and cooling circuit, and connecting the water inlet of the electric drive circuit with the water outlet of the battery circuit, the water inlet of the coolant heat dissipation circuit and the water inlet of the coolant heating and cooling circuit. The water outlet is simultaneously connected to the water outlet of the coolant heating and cooling circuit, allowing the coolant to return to the electric drive circuit through the electric drive circuit, the battery circuit, the coolant heat dissipation circuit, and the coolant heating and cooling circuit, thereby filling the coolant and exhausting the coolant circuit. The eighth coolant combined circuit thermal management method includes simultaneously connecting the water inlet of the coolant heat dissipation circuit with the water outlet of the battery circuit and the water outlet of the electric drive circuit through the multi-way water valve, and simultaneously connecting the water outlet of the coolant heat dissipation circuit with the water inlet of the battery circuit and the water inlet of the electric drive circuit, so that the coolant is divided into two paths after passing through the coolant heat dissipation circuit: one path passes through the battery circuit and returns to the coolant heat dissipation circuit, and the other path passes through the electric drive circuit and returns to the coolant heat dissipation circuit, thereby simultaneously meeting the cooling requirements of the battery pack and the electric drive assembly.

[0015] Furthermore, the single-circuit refrigerant thermal management method includes a single refrigerant main circuit thermal management method for independently controlling the refrigerant main circuit; the combined circuit refrigerant thermal pipeline method includes a first refrigerant combined circuit thermal management method for coupling the refrigerant main circuit with the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit for thermal management control; a second refrigerant combined circuit thermal management method for coupling the refrigerant main circuit, the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit and the refrigerant heat exchange circuit; a third refrigerant combined circuit thermal management method for coupling the refrigerant main circuit, the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit and the compressor circuit; a fourth refrigerant combined circuit thermal management method for coupling the refrigerant main circuit and the refrigerant heat exchange circuit; and a fifth refrigerant combined circuit thermal management method for coupling the refrigerant main circuit, the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit, the refrigerant heat exchange circuit and the compressor circuit.

[0016] Furthermore, the single refrigerant main circuit thermal management method includes connecting the refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant main circuit through the refrigerant multi-way valve, and introducing the refrigerant into the compressor, the indoor condenser and the evaporator in sequence to meet the heating and dehumidification needs of the passenger compartment; the first refrigerant combined circuit thermal management method includes cutting off the connection between the compressor and the indoor condenser through the refrigerant multi-way valve, connecting the refrigerant outlet of the compressor with the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit, and connecting the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit with the evaporator, so that the refrigerant passes through the compressor, the indoor condenser and the evaporator in sequence, and the refrigerant passes through the compressor, the indoor condenser and the evaporator in sequence. The refrigerant heat dissipation circuit and the evaporator then return to the compressor to meet the cooling needs of the passenger compartment; the second refrigerant combination circuit thermal management method includes cutting off the connection between the compressor and the indoor condenser through the refrigerant multi-way valve, connecting the refrigerant outlet of the compressor with the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit, connecting the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit with the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit, and connecting the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit with the compressor, so that the refrigerant passes through the compressor, the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit and the refrigerant heat exchange circuit in sequence and then returns to the compressor to meet the battery The cooling demand of the battery pack of the circuit; or the connection between the compressor and the indoor condenser is cut off by the refrigerant multi-way valve, the refrigerant outlet of the compressor is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit, and the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit and the evaporator at the same time, so that the refrigerant passes through the compressor and the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit in sequence, and then passes through the evaporator on one side and returns to the compressor, and passes through the refrigerant heat exchange circuit on the other side and returns to the compressor, while meeting the cooling demand of the battery pack of the battery circuit and the cooling demand of the passenger compartment; or the compressor The refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit and the refrigerant inlet of the indoor condenser at the same time, and the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit and the evaporator at the same time, so that the refrigerant is divided into two paths after passing through the compressor in sequence, one path passing through the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit and the other path passing through the indoor condenser. The refrigerant after passing through the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit is divided into two paths, one path passing through the evaporator and then returning to the compressor, and the other path passing through the refrigerant heat exchange circuit and then returning to the compressor, thereby meeting the cooling requirements of the battery pack of the battery circuit and the heating and dehumidification requirements of the passenger compartment at the same time;The third refrigerant combination circuit thermal management method includes connecting the refrigerant outlet of the compressor with the refrigerant inlet of the indoor condenser through the refrigerant multi-way valve, connecting the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit with the refrigerant outlet of the indoor condenser, cutting off the evaporator, connecting the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit with the refrigerant inlet of the compressor circuit, connecting the refrigerant outlet of the compressor circuit with the refrigerant inlet of the compressor, so that the refrigerant passes through the compressor, the indoor condenser, and the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit in sequence and then returns to the compressor to meet the heating needs of the passenger compartment; the fourth refrigerant combination circuit thermal management method includes connecting the refrigerant outlet of the compressor with the refrigerant inlet of the indoor condenser through the refrigerant multi-way valve, connecting the refrigerant outlet of the indoor condenser with the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit, cutting off the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit and the evaporator, connecting the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit with the refrigerant inlet of the compressor, so that the refrigerant passes through the compressor, the indoor condenser, and the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit in sequence. The compressor, the indoor condenser and the refrigerant heat exchange circuit then return to the compressor, thereby meeting the heating demand of the passenger compartment while reducing heating energy consumption; the fifth refrigerant combined circuit thermal management method includes connecting the refrigerant outlet of the compressor with the refrigerant inlet of the indoor condenser through the refrigerant multi-way valve, connecting the refrigerant outlet of the indoor condenser with the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit and the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit at the same time, cutting off the evaporator, connecting the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit with the refrigerant inlet of the compressor circuit, connecting the refrigerant outlet of the compressor circuit with the refrigerant inlet of the compressor, and connecting the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit with the refrigerant inlet of the compressor, so that the refrigerant passes through the compressor and the indoor condenser in sequence and is divided into two paths, one path passes through the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit and returns to the compressor, and the other path passes through the refrigerant heat exchange circuit and returns to the compressor, thereby simultaneously meeting the cooling demand of the battery pack of the battery circuit and the heating demand of the passenger compartment;Alternatively, the refrigerant outlet of the compressor is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the indoor condenser through the refrigerant multi-way valve, and the refrigerant outlet of the indoor condenser is simultaneously connected to the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit, the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit, and the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator. The refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the compressor circuit, the refrigerant outlet of the compressor circuit is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the compressor, the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the compressor, and the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the compressor. This allows the refrigerant to flow through the compressor and the indoor condenser in sequence and then be divided into three paths: one path returns to the compressor through the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit, one path returns to the compressor through the refrigerant heat exchange circuit, and another path returns to the compressor through the evaporator. This simultaneously meets the cooling requirements of the battery pack in the battery circuit, heating and dehumidifying the passenger compartment, and refrigerant charging and exhaust requirements.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] Efficiently recover waste heat from the motor and reduce heating energy consumption: Through the coupling design of the electric drive circuit and the battery circuit, the coolant heating and cooling circuit in the coolant circulation loop, the heat generated by the operation of the electric drive assembly can be transferred to the battery pack or the passenger compartment through the coolant. For example, the fifth coolant combination circuit allows the coolant to flow through the electric drive assembly and then heat it directly for heating the battery pack, avoiding the high power consumption of traditional PTC heating; the sixth combination circuit uses the electric drive waste heat and the water heater for coordinated heating, reducing the frequency of PTC use. Compared with the existing solution that relies on PTC heating, the heating energy consumption is effectively reduced, especially in low temperature conditions, which can significantly improve energy utilization.

[0019] The heat pump heating system has been expanded to provide enhanced energy savings: In the refrigerant circulation loop, a refrigerant multi-way valve controls the coupling between the main refrigerant circuit and the heat exchange circuit, allowing compressor exhaust heat to flow directly through the indoor condenser to heat the passenger compartment, eliminating heat losses from secondary heat exchange. Furthermore, an outdoor radiator and heat exchanger are connected in parallel to function as an evaporator, allowing heat to be absorbed from either the air or water side, thus overcoming the low-temperature limitations of traditional heat pump systems. Compared to existing technologies, the effective operating temperature range of heat pump heating has been significantly extended, as has the heating COP (energy efficiency ratio), resulting in significant energy savings.

[0020] Free switching between multiple modes to cover all scenarios: By controlling the connectivity of eight valve ports through a multi-way water valve, eight combination circuit modes can be realized, including single battery circuit temperature equalization, coupled cooling of electric drive and heat dissipation circuits, and multi-circuit joint filling and exhaust, etc., covering battery thermal management, electric drive cooling, system exhaust and other needs. The refrigerant multi-way valve supports five combination circuit modes, realizing functions such as passenger compartment heating / cooling / dehumidification, battery pack cooling, and heat pump and waste heat collaborative heating. One system can simultaneously meet the full-condition thermal management needs of the motor, battery, and passenger compartment without the need for additional independent circuits, thereby improving the system's adaptability.

[0021] Optimized heat exchange efficiency improves COP: Direct coupling of the refrigerant main circuit and the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit enables direct heat exchange between the outdoor radiator and the air when cooling the battery pack or the passenger compartment. This reduces pressure loss on the low-pressure side, improving cooling efficiency. When the outdoor radiator acts as an evaporator in heating mode, its parallel connection with the refrigerant heat exchange circuit maximizes ambient heat absorption and reduces compressor power consumption. This significantly improves COP in both heating and cooling modes, significantly enhancing energy conversion efficiency compared to existing technologies.

[0022] Highly integrated design reduces system costs: A multi-port water valve (eight valve ports) and a refrigerant multi-port valve (four valve ports) replace the multiple individual valve bodies in traditional systems, effectively reducing the number of components. The coolant and refrigerant circuits are thermally coupled via a heat exchanger, eliminating the need for duplicate independent heating / cooling modules. The resulting compact system minimizes heat loss, while the reduced number of components reduces manufacturing and maintenance costs.

[0023] In summary, this invention, through circuit coupling and intelligent multi-way valve control, achieves high motor waste heat recovery efficiency, a wide temperature range, low low-temperature heating energy consumption, a reduced number of system components, low heat loss, and high heating / cooling efficiency. Compared to existing technologies, this effectively addresses issues such as the inability to utilize motor waste heat in low-temperature conditions, high PTC energy consumption, low integration, and poor efficiency. It achieves a balance between performance, energy consumption, and cost in new energy vehicle thermal management systems, providing a creative solution for the application of heat pump technology in new energy vehicles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. These drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the direct heat pump thermal management system designed for the present invention;

[0026] Among them, 100 is the coolant circulation circuit (101 is the battery circuit, 102 is the electric drive circuit, 103 is the coolant heat dissipation circuit, 104 is the coolant heating and cooling circuit), 200 is the refrigerant circulation circuit (201 is the refrigerant main circuit, 202 is the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit, 203 is the compressor circuit, 204 is the refrigerant heat exchange circuit), and 300 is the heating, ventilation and air conditioning assembly.

[0027] 1—Evaporator, 2—Indoor condenser, 3—Heat exchanger, 4—Outdoor radiator, 5—Cooling fan, 6—Motor radiator, 7—Gas-liquid separator, 8—Compressor, 9—Water heater, 10—Battery pack, 11—Electric drive assembly, 12—Refrigerant multi-way valve, 13—Multi-way water valve, 14—First electronic expansion valve, 15—Second electronic expansion valve, 16—Third electronic expansion valve, 17—Check valve, 18—First electronic water pump, 19—Second electronic water pump, 20—Temperature and pressure sensor, 21—Pressure sensor, 22—First temperature sensor, 23—Second temperature sensor, 24—Third temperature sensor, 25—Expansion water tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following further describes the technical solutions (including preferred technical solutions) of the present invention through accompanying drawings and by enumerating some optional embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the embodiments described are merely some, and not all, of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In certain embodiments, as Figure 1 As shown, the direct heat pump thermal management system designed by the present invention includes a coolant circulation loop 100, a refrigerant circulation loop 200, and a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning assembly 300. The heating, ventilation, and air conditioning assembly 300 includes an evaporator 1 and an indoor condenser 2 (the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning assembly 300 is an existing device and will not be described in detail).

[0030] The coolant circulation circuit 100 includes a multi-way water valve 13 having at least eight valve ports, from valve port 1 to valve port 8, and multiple coolant circuits connected to the eight different valve ports of the multi-way water valve 13. The circuit includes a battery circuit 101, an electric drive circuit 102, a coolant heat dissipation circuit 103, and a coolant heating and cooling circuit 104. The battery circuit 101 is connected to valve ports 3 and 4 of the multi-way water valve 13 at both ends. The electric drive circuit 102 is connected to valve ports 6 and 7 of the multi-way water valve 13 at both ends. The coolant heat dissipation circuit 103 is connected to valve ports 5 and 8 of the multi-way water valve 13 at both ends. The coolant heating and cooling circuit 104 is connected to valve ports 1 and 2 of the multi-way water valve 13 at both ends. The battery circuit 101 includes a battery pack 10 and a second electronic water pump 19 connected in series. The electric drive circuit 102 includes an electric drive assembly 110 and a first electronic water pump 18 connected in series. The inlet and outlet of the electric drive assembly 110 are connected to a third temperature sensor 24 and a second temperature sensor 23, respectively. The coolant heat dissipation circuit 103 includes a motor radiator 6 and an expansion tank 25 connected in series. The coolant heating and cooling circuit 104 includes a water heater 9 and a heat exchanger 3 connected in series.

[0031] The refrigerant circulation circuit 200 includes a refrigerant multi-way valve 12 having at least four valve ports, from valve port A to valve port D, and multiple refrigerant circuits connected to the four different valve ports of the refrigerant multi-way valve 12. The refrigerant circuit 200 includes a main refrigerant circuit 201 connecting the compressor 8, the evaporator 1, and the indoor condenser 2 in series; a refrigerant heat dissipation circuit 202 connected to the main refrigerant circuit 201; a compressor circuit 203 connected to the compressor 8; and a refrigerant heat exchange circuit 204 connected to the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit 202 and the main refrigerant circuit 201. The main refrigerant circuit 201 has its two ends connected to valve port A and valve port B of the refrigerant multi-way valve 12, respectively. The main refrigerant circuit 201 includes a gas-liquid separator 7, a compressor 8, an indoor condenser 2, and an evaporator 1 connected in series. A one-way valve 17 and a first electronic expansion valve 14 are connected to the pipelines of the main refrigerant circuit 201. The refrigerant inlet and outlet of the compressor 8 are connected to a temperature and pressure sensor 20 and a pressure sensor 21, respectively. The refrigerant heat dissipation circuit 202 is connected between port D of the refrigerant multi-way valve 12 and the piping of the refrigerant main circuit 201. It includes an outdoor radiator 4 and a cooling fan 5, each connected to port D of the refrigerant multi-way valve 12 via a piping system at one end and connected to the evaporator 1, indoor condenser 2, and heat exchanger 3 via piping systems at the other end. Furthermore, a third electronic expansion valve 16 is connected between the piping of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit 202 and the piping of the refrigerant main circuit 201. The compressor circuit 203 is connected between port C of the refrigerant multi-way valve 12 and the gas-liquid separator 7, and includes a connecting piping system connected between port C of the refrigerant multi-way valve 12 and the gas-liquid separator 7. The refrigerant heat exchange circuit 204 is connected to both the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit 202 and the refrigerant main circuit 201 at one end and to the gas-liquid separator 7 at the other end. The refrigerant heat exchange circuit 204 includes a heat exchanger 3 having one end connected to the outdoor radiator 4, the indoor condenser 2 and the evaporator 1 through a pipeline and a second electronic expansion valve 15, and the other end connected to the gas-liquid separator 7 through a pipeline.

[0032] The multi-way water valve 13 can realize various circulation flow modes of the coolant by controlling the interconnection or cutoff between valve ports 1 to 8. The refrigerant multi-way valve 12 can realize various circulation flow modes of the refrigerant by controlling the interconnection or cutoff between valve ports A to D. The coolant circulation loop 100 and the refrigerant circulation loop 200 can realize the control and switching of various thermal management modes through heat exchange.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Based on the above direct heat pump type thermal management system, a specific embodiment of a thermal management mode is provided:

[0035] The refrigerant passes through compressor 8, flows through refrigerant multi-way valve 12, enters valve port A, exits valve port D, and enters outdoor heat exchanger 4. Third electronic expansion valve 16 is fully opened, second electronic expansion valve 15 is closed, and first electronic expansion valve 14 is throttled. The refrigerant passes through the throttling of third and first electronic expansion valves 16 and 14 in sequence, enters evaporator 1, gas-liquid separator 7, and then returns to compressor 8, meeting the cooling needs of the passenger compartment.

[0036] In the above mode, the one-way valve 17 prevents the high-temperature refrigerant from flowing back to the indoor condenser 2 .

[0037] In this mode, if a battery cooling request is received and the level is high, the second electronic expansion valve 15 opens. Refrigerant passes through the throttling mechanism of the second electronic expansion valve 15, enters the heat exchanger 3, and then the gas-liquid separator 7 before returning to the compressor 8. The coolant then flows through the second electronic water pump 19, through the multi-way water valve 13, entering through valve port 4 and exiting through valve port 1. At this point, the water heater 9 is not outputting power. The coolant flows through the water heater 9, into the heat exchanger 3 and the multi-way water valve 13, entering through valve port 2 and exiting through valve port 3, passing through the battery pack 10, and returning to the second electronic water pump 19.

[0038] In the above mode, if there is a battery cooling request and the level is low, the second electronic expansion valve 15 is closed, and the coolant passes through the second electronic water pump 19, flows through the multi-way water valve 13, enters from valve port 4, flows out from valve port 8, passes through the motor radiator 6, the expansion water tank 25 and the multi-way water valve 13, enters from valve port 5, flows out from valve port 3, passes through the battery pack 10, and returns to the second electronic water pump 19.

[0039] In the above mode, if there is a request for motor cooling, the coolant enters the electric drive assembly 11 and the multi-way water valve 13 through the first electronic water pump 18, enters from valve port seven, flows out from valve port eight, passes through the motor radiator 6 and the expansion water tank 25, returns to the multi-way water valve 13, enters from valve port five, flows out from valve port six, and returns to the first electronic water pump 18.

[0040] The above mode can meet one or more cooling requirements of the passenger compartment, the battery pack 10 and the motor assembly 11 without interfering with each other, and the circuit can be switched according to the cooling requirement level. The battery pack 10 can be cooled using refrigerant or coolant as a cooling source, and the battery pack 10 and the motor assembly 11 can be water-cooled in parallel, which helps to reduce cooling energy consumption.

[0041] In the above mode, the cooling fan 5 is turned on all the time.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] Based on the above direct heat pump type thermal management system, a specific embodiment of a thermal management mode is provided:

[0044] The refrigerant passes through the compressor 8, flows through the refrigerant multi-way valve 12, enters from valve port A, flows out from valve port B, releases heat to the indoor condenser 2, and enters the outdoor heat exchanger 4 to absorb heat after being throttled by the one-way valve 17 and the third electronic expansion valve 16. Then, it passes through the refrigerant multi-way valve 12, enters from valve port D, flows out from valve port C, enters the gas-liquid separator 7, and returns to the compressor 8.

[0045] In the above mode, the first electronic expansion valve 14 and the second electronic expansion valve 15 are both kept closed, which is suitable for passenger cabin air source heat pump heating under general winter conditions.

[0046] In the above mode, if it is necessary to complete the charging and exhausting of the refrigerant, the first electronic expansion valve 14 and the second electronic expansion valve 15 are opened to allow the refrigerant to flow through all circuits of the refrigerant circulation circuit 200 .

[0047] In the above mode, if there is a need to dehumidify the passenger compartment, the first electronic expansion valve 14 is opened for throttling, and the refrigerant enters the evaporator 1 and the gas-liquid separator 7 and then returns to the compressor 8 .

[0048] This mode can achieve the temperature and humidity adjustment requirements of air source heating and dehumidification by controlling the opening of the third electronic expansion valve 16 and the first electronic expansion valve 14.

[0049] In the above mode, the cooling fan 5 is turned on all the time.

[0050] In addition, in the above mode, if there is a cooling request on the battery side, the second electronic expansion valve 15 is opened (the third electronic expansion valve 16 and the first electronic expansion valve 14 are optionally opened), and the newly added refrigerant circuit is: the refrigerant passes through the compressor 8, flows through the refrigerant multi-way valve 12, enters from valve port A, flows out from valve port B, releases heat to the indoor condenser 2, passes through the one-way valve 17 and the throttling of the second electronic expansion valve 15, enters the heat exchanger 3, the gas-liquid separator 7, and returns to the compressor 8. In addition, a coolant circuit is added on the battery side: the coolant passes through the second electronic expansion valve 19, flows into the multi-way water valve 13, enters from valve port four, flows out from valve port one, passes through the water heater 9, the heat exchanger 3, returns to the multi-way water valve 13, enters from valve port two, flows out from valve port three, passes through the battery pack 10, and returns to the second electronic water valve 19.

[0051] This process helps transfer waste heat from the battery side to the interior, and is suitable for scenarios where there is a need for cooling the battery side and heating the passenger compartment side after intense driving under general winter conditions.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] Based on the above direct heat pump type thermal management system, a specific embodiment of a thermal management mode is provided:

[0054] The refrigerant passes through compressor 8, flows through refrigerant multi-way valve 12, enters valve port A, and exits valve port B, releasing heat to indoor condenser 2. After passing through the throttling of check valve 17 and second electronic expansion valve 15 (third electronic expansion valve 16 and first electronic expansion valve 14 are closed), it enters heat exchanger 3 and gas-liquid separator 7, and finally returns to compressor 8. The coolant passes through first electronic water pump 18 and electric drive assembly 11, flows into multi-way water valve 13, enters through valve port 7, exits through valve port 1, passes through water heater 9 and heat exchanger 3, enters multi-way water valve 13, enters through valve port 2, exits through valve port 6, and returns to first electronic water pump 18.

[0055] The above mode is suitable for water source heat pump heating of the passenger cabin at extremely low temperatures. The water heater 9 heats the coolant and the heat is transferred to the room through the heat exchanger 3;

[0056] The above mode can recycle the waste heat of the motor and reduce the energy consumption of heating the passenger compartment.

[0057] If there is a cooling request on the battery side, the refrigerant circuit remains unchanged and an additional coolant circuit is added: through the second electronic water pump 19, the coolant enters the multi-way water valve 13, enters from valve port 4, flows out from valve port 1, passes through the water heater 9 and the heat exchanger 3, flows into the multi-way water valve 13, enters from valve port 2, flows out from valve port 3, passes through the battery pack 10, and returns to the second electronic water pump 19.

[0058] This process helps transfer waste heat from the motor and battery to the interior, where water heater 9 compensates for cabin temperature. This is suitable for scenarios where, after intense driving at lower temperatures, both the battery side needs cooling and the cabin side needs heating. By controlling the duty cycle of the first and second electronic water pumps 18 and 19, as well as the opening of the second electronic expansion valve 15, a comprehensive approach to cabin heating and battery pack cooling is achieved.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] Based on the above direct heat pump type thermal management system, a specific embodiment of a thermal management mode is provided:

[0061] The coolant passes through the first electronic water pump 18 and the electric drive assembly 11 and flows into the multi-way water valve 13, enters from valve port 7, flows out from valve port 3, passes through the battery pack 10, the second electronic water pump 19 and the multi-way water valve 13, flows into from valve port 4, flows out from valve port 6, and returns to the first electronic water pump 18.

[0062] In this process, when the second temperature sensor 23 is higher than the set value, the residual heat of the motor assembly 11 can be used to heat the battery pack 10. This is suitable for scenarios where the motor assembly 11 has residual heat and the battery pack 10 needs to be heated during high-speed climbing or other driving conditions.

[0063] During the above process, if the waste heat of the motor assembly 11 is insufficient and the temperature rise rate of the battery pack 10 is slow, the water heater 9 can be used for temperature compensation. The coolant passes through the first electronic water pump 18 and the electric drive assembly 11 and flows into the multi-way water valve 13, enters from valve port 7, flows out from valve port 1, passes through the water heater 9 and the heat exchanger 3, flows into the multi-way water valve 13, enters from valve port 2, flows out from valve port 3, passes through the battery pack 10 and the second electronic water pump 19, enters the multi-way water valve 13, flows in from valve port 4, flows out from valve port 6, and returns to the first electronic water valve 18.

[0064] During the above process, the first electronic water pump 18 or the second electronic water pump 19 can be started or both can be run simultaneously according to the circuit pressure loss.

[0065] During the above process, if the waste heat of the motor assembly 11 is insufficient and the second temperature sensor 23 is lower than the set value, in order to reduce the coolant circuit loss, the water heater 9 can be operated separately, and the coolant flows through the second electronic water pump 19, flows into the multi-way water valve 13, enters from valve port four, flows out from valve port one, passes through the water heater 9, the heat exchanger 3, flows into the multi-way water valve 13, enters from valve port two, flows out from valve port three, passes through the battery pack 10, and returns to the second electronic water pump 19.

[0066] The above mode is applicable to various scenarios in which the waste heat of the motor assembly 11 and the water heater 9 are comprehensively utilized for temperature compensation when the battery pack 10 has a heating demand in winter conditions.

[0067] Example 5

[0068] Based on the above direct heat pump type thermal management system, a specific embodiment of a thermal management mode is provided:

[0069] The coolant passes through the second electronic water pump 19 and flows into the multi-way water valve 13 , flows in from valve port 4 , flows out from valve port 3 , passes through the battery pack 10 , and returns to the second electronic water pump 19 .

[0070] This process is applicable to scenarios where the temperature inside the battery pack 10 is uneven and a temperature equalization request is required.

[0071] Example 6

[0072] Based on the above direct heat pump type thermal management system, a specific embodiment of a thermal management mode is provided:

[0073] The coolant passes through the first electronic water pump 18 and the electric drive assembly 11, flows into the multi-way water valve 13, enters through valve port 7, flows out through valve ports 8 / 1 / 3, passes through the motor radiator 6 and the expansion water tank 25 / the water heater 9 and the heat exchanger 3 / the battery pack 10 respectively, and finally passes through the second electronic water pump 19, returns to the multi-way water valve 13, flows in through valve ports 5 / 2 / 4, flows out through valve port 6, and returns to the first electronic water pump 18.

[0074] This mode is suitable for coolant filling and circuit exhaust, and is achieved by operating the first electronic water pump 18 and the second electronic water pump 19.

[0075] Example 7

[0076] Based on the above direct heat pump type thermal management system, a specific embodiment of a thermal management mode is provided:

[0077] The coolant passes through the first electronic water pump 18, the electric drive assembly 11, and flows into the multi-way water valve 13, enters from valve port 7, and flows out from valve port 8, returning to the first electronic water pump 18. This mode is suitable for rapid heat storage of the electric drive assembly 11 under low temperature conditions.

[0078] Example 8

[0079] Based on the above direct heat pump type thermal management system, a specific embodiment of a thermal management mode is provided:

[0080] Start the first electronic water pump 18 and the second electronic water pump 19. The coolant flows through the electric drive assembly 11 into valve port 7 of the multi-way water valve 13 in one way, and flows through valve port 4 of the multi-way water valve 13 in the other way. The coolant flowing out of valve ports 7 and 4 is uniformly gathered into valve port 8, passes through the motor radiator 6 and the expansion water tank 25, and flows out from valve port 5 and is divided into two ways. One way flows through valve port 3 into the battery pack 10, and the other way flows through valve port 6 into the electric drive assembly 11.

[0081] The coolant cooled by the motor radiator 6 can meet the cooling requirements of the battery pack 10 and the electric drive assembly 11 at the same time.

[0082] In summary, the direct heat pump thermal management system designed in the present invention demonstrates significant technical effects and advantages through the ingenious design of the coolant circulation circuit 100, the refrigerant circulation circuit 200, and the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning assembly 300. In terms of system flexibility, the multi-way water valve 13 and the refrigerant multi-way valve 12 precisely control the connection and blockage of the valve ports, enabling various coolant and refrigerant circulation patterns and switching between various thermal management modes. Whether meeting passenger compartment cooling, heating, and dehumidification needs, or addressing the cooling and heating requirements of the battery pack and motor assembly, the system flexibly adapts, ensuring that the cooling / heating of various components does not interfere with each other, and intelligently switching circuits based on demand levels. Regarding energy efficiency, the battery pack 10 can be flexibly cooled using either refrigerant or coolant, and can also be water-cooled in parallel with the motor assembly 11, reducing cooling energy consumption. In various modes, waste heat from the motor assembly 11 can be effectively recovered for passenger compartment heating or heating the battery pack 10, reducing additional energy consumption. At the same time, by controlling the electronic water pump duty cycle and the electronic expansion valve opening, the temperature and humidity in the passenger compartment can be precisely adjusted, improving system energy efficiency. The system offers targeted solutions for a wide range of applications, from general winter and summer operating conditions to extreme low-temperature scenarios, from thermal management after intense driving to daily temperature stabilization and filling and exhaust needs. This significantly broadens the scope of application and provides an efficient, reliable, and comprehensive technical solution for vehicle thermal management, possessing significant practical value and broad application prospects.

[0083] It should be noted that the description of the above technical solutions is illustrative only. This specification may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limiting the technical solutions set forth herein. Rather, these descriptions are provided so that the disclosure of the present invention will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the present invention are limited only by the scope of the claims. Where the terms "including," "having," and "comprising" are used in this specification, further parts or other components may also be included. The terms used may generally be singular but may also represent the plural. It should be noted that while the terms "first," "second," and so on may appear and be used in this specification to describe various components, these components and parts should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used solely to distinguish one component or part from another. For example, a first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component may be referred to as a first component, without departing from the scope of this specification. Top and bottom components may also be interchanged or switched in certain circumstances; components at one end and at the other end may have the same or different properties.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely representative examples of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and is susceptible to numerous variations. Any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and modifications to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall be deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A direct heat pump type thermal management system, comprising a coolant circulation circuit (100), a refrigerant circulation circuit (200), and a heating, ventilation and air conditioning assembly (300), wherein the heating, ventilation and air conditioning assembly (300) comprises an evaporator (1) and an indoor condenser (2), and is characterized in that: The cooling liquid circulation circuit (100) includes a multi-way water valve (13) having at least eight valve ports, from valve port 1 to valve port 8, and a plurality of cooling liquid circuits connected to the eight different valve ports of the multi-way water valve (13); the refrigerant circulation circuit (200) includes a refrigerant multi-way valve (12) having at least four valve ports, from valve port A to valve port D, and a plurality of refrigerant circuits connected to the four different valve ports of the refrigerant multi-way valve (12); The plurality of coolant circuits include a battery circuit (101), an electric drive circuit (102), a coolant heat dissipation circuit (103), and a coolant heating and cooling circuit (104); The plurality of refrigerant circuits include a refrigerant main circuit (201) connecting a compressor (8), the evaporator (1), and the indoor condenser (2) in series; a refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) connected to the refrigerant main circuit (201); a compressor circuit (203) connected to the compressor (8); and a refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) connected to the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) and the refrigerant main circuit (201); The multi-way water valve (13) can realize various circulation flow modes of the coolant by controlling the mutual connection or cutoff between valve ports 1 to 8. The refrigerant multi-way valve (12) can realize various circulation flow modes of the refrigerant by controlling the mutual connection or cutoff between valve ports A to D. The coolant circulation circuit (100) and the refrigerant circulation circuit (200) can realize the control and switching of various thermal management modes through heat exchange.

2. The direct heat pump type thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the battery circuit (101), the two ends of the electric drive circuit (102), the two ends of the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103) and the two ends of the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104) are respectively connected to any two valve ports of the multi-way water valve (13), and the two ends of the battery circuit (101), the two ends of the electric drive circuit (102), the two ends of the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103) and the two ends of the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104) are respectively connected to eight different valve ports of the multi-way water valve (13).

3. The direct heat pump type thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery circuit (101) includes a battery pack (10) and a second electronic water pump (19) connected in series, the electric drive circuit (102) includes an electric drive assembly (11) and a first electronic water pump (18) connected in series, the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103) includes a motor radiator (6) and an expansion water tank (25) connected in series, and the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104) includes a water heater (9) and a heat exchanger (3) connected in series.

4. The direct heat pump type thermal management system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The two ends of the refrigerant main circuit (201) are respectively connected to any two valve ports of the refrigerant multi-way valve (12); the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) is connected between one of the remaining valve ports of the refrigerant multi-way valve (12) and the refrigerant main circuit (201); the compressor circuit (203) is connected between one of the remaining valve ports of the refrigerant multi-way valve (12) and the compressor (8); one end of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) is simultaneously connected to the evaporator (1), the indoor condenser (2) and the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202); and the other end of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) is connected to the compressor (8).

5. The direct heat pump type thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) includes an outdoor radiator (4) connected between the refrigerant multi-way valve (12) and the evaporator (1), the compressor circuit (203) includes a connecting pipeline connected between one of the remaining valve ports of the refrigerant multi-way valve (12) and the compressor (8), and the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) includes a heat exchanger (3) having one end connected to the outdoor radiator (4) and the indoor condenser (2) through a pipeline and the other end connected to the compressor (8) through a pipeline.

6. A thermal management method based on the direct heat pump type thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It includes a coolant circuit thermal management method and a refrigerant circuit thermal piping method; The coolant circuit thermal management method includes a single-circuit coolant thermal management method for independently controlling one or more of the multiple coolant circuits and a combined-circuit coolant thermal management method for coupling at least two of the multiple coolant circuits to form at least one circulating coolant circuit; The refrigerant circuit thermal management method includes a single-circuit refrigerant thermal management method for individually controlling one or more of the multiple refrigerant circuits and a combined-circuit refrigerant thermal piping method for coupling at least two of the multiple refrigerant circuits to form at least one circulating refrigerant circuit.

7. The thermal management method of a direct heat pump type thermal management system according to claim 6, wherein: The single-circuit coolant thermal management method includes a single battery circuit thermal management method for independently controlling the battery circuit (101); and a single electric drive circuit thermal management method for independently controlling the electric drive circuit (102); The combined circuit coolant heat pipe method includes a first coolant combined circuit heat management method for coupling the battery circuit (101) with the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104) to perform heat management control; a second coolant combined circuit heat management method for coupling the battery circuit (101) with the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103) to perform heat management control; a third coolant combined circuit heat management method for coupling the electric drive circuit (102) with the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103) to perform heat management control; a fourth coolant combined circuit heat management method for coupling the electric drive circuit (102) with the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104) to perform heat management control; and a fourth coolant combined circuit heat management method for coupling the battery circuit (101) with the electric drive circuit (102). A fifth coolant combination circuit thermal management method for coupling the electric drive circuit (102) to perform thermal management control; a sixth coolant combination circuit thermal management method for coupling the electric drive circuit (102), the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104) and the battery circuit (101) to perform thermal management control; a seventh coolant combination circuit thermal management method for coupling the electric drive circuit (102), the battery circuit (101), the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103) and the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104) to perform thermal management control; and an eighth coolant combination circuit thermal management method for coupling the battery circuit (101), the electric drive circuit (102) and the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103) to perform thermal management control.

8. The thermal management method of a direct heat pump type thermal management system according to claim 7, wherein: The single battery circuit thermal management method includes connecting the water inlet and outlet of the battery circuit (101) through a multi-way water valve (13), introducing the coolant into the battery pack (10), allowing the coolant to flow through the battery pack (10), and performing uniform temperature control on the battery pack (10); the single electric drive circuit thermal management method includes connecting the water inlet and outlet of the electric drive circuit (102) through a multi-way water valve (13), introducing the coolant into the electric drive assembly (11), allowing the coolant to flow through the electric drive assembly (11), and allowing the electric drive assembly (11) to quickly store heat under low temperature conditions; The first coolant combined circuit thermal management method includes connecting the water outlet of the battery circuit (101) with the water inlet of the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104) through the multi-way water valve (13), connecting the water outlet of the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104) with the water inlet of the battery circuit (101), allowing the coolant to pass through the heat exchanger (3) of the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104) and then flow into the battery pack (10) of the battery circuit (101) to cool the battery pack (100); or allowing the coolant to be heated when passing through the water heater (9) of the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104), and introducing the heated coolant into the battery pack (10) of the battery circuit (101) to heat the battery pack (100); The second coolant combined circuit thermal management method includes connecting the water outlet of the battery circuit (101) with the water inlet of the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103) through the multi-way water valve (13), and connecting the water outlet of the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103) with the water inlet of the battery circuit (101), so that the coolant flows into the battery pack (10) of the battery circuit (101) after heat dissipation in the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103) to cool the battery pack (10); The third coolant combination circuit thermal management method includes connecting the water outlet of the electric drive circuit (102) with the water inlet of the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103) through the multi-way water valve (13), and connecting the water outlet of the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103) with the water inlet of the electric drive circuit (102), so that the coolant flows into the electric drive assembly (11) of the electric drive circuit (102) after heat dissipation by the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103) to cool the electric drive assembly (11); The fourth coolant combination circuit thermal management method includes connecting the water outlet of the electric drive circuit (102) to the water inlet of the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104) through the multi-way water valve (13), and connecting the water outlet of the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104) to the water inlet of the electric drive circuit (102), so that the coolant is heated when passing through the electric drive assembly (11) of the electric drive circuit (102) and the water heater (9) of the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104), and the heat is transferred to the passenger compartment through the heat exchanger (3) of the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104); The fifth coolant combination circuit thermal management method includes connecting the water outlet of the electric drive circuit (102) to the water inlet of the battery circuit (101) through the multi-way water valve (13), and connecting the water outlet of the battery circuit (101) to the water inlet of the electric drive circuit (102), so that the coolant is heated by the electric drive assembly (11) of the electric drive circuit (102) and then flows through the battery pack (10) of the battery circuit (101) to heat the battery pack (10); The sixth coolant combination circuit thermal management method includes connecting the water outlet of the battery circuit (101) with the water inlet of the electric drive circuit (102) through the multi-way water valve (13), connecting the water outlet of the electric drive circuit (102) with the water inlet of the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104), and connecting the water outlet of the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104) with the water inlet of the battery circuit (101), so that the coolant passes through the electric drive assembly (11) of the electric drive circuit (102) and the water heater (9) of the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104) and then enters the battery pack (10) of the battery circuit (101) to heat the battery pack (10); The seventh coolant combination circuit thermal management method includes connecting the water outlet of the electric drive circuit (102) with the water inlet of the battery circuit (101), the water inlet of the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103) and the water inlet of the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104) through the multi-way water valve (13), and connecting the water inlet of the electric drive circuit (102) with the water outlet of the battery circuit (101), the water outlet of the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103) and the water outlet of the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104) at the same time, so that the coolant returns to the electric drive circuit (102) through the electric drive circuit (102), the battery circuit (101), the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103) and the coolant heating and cooling circuit (104), thereby realizing the filling of the coolant and the exhaust of the coolant circuit; The eighth coolant combination circuit thermal management method includes connecting the water inlet of the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103) to the water outlet of the battery circuit (101) and the water outlet of the electric drive circuit (102) through the multi-way water valve (13), and connecting the water outlet of the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103) to the water inlet of the battery circuit (101) and the water inlet of the electric drive circuit (102) at the same time, so that the coolant is divided into two paths after passing through the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103), one path passes through the battery circuit (101) and returns to the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103), and the other path passes through the electric drive circuit (102) and returns to the coolant heat dissipation circuit (103), thereby meeting the cooling requirements of the battery pack (10) and the cooling requirements of the electric drive assembly (11) at the same time.

9. The thermal management method of a direct heat pump type thermal management system according to claim 6, wherein: The single-circuit refrigerant thermal management method includes a single-circuit refrigerant main circuit thermal management method for independently controlling the refrigerant main circuit (201); The combined circuit refrigerant heat pipe method includes a first refrigerant combined circuit heat management method for coupling the refrigerant main circuit (201) and the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) for heat management control; a second refrigerant combined circuit heat management method for coupling the refrigerant main circuit (201), the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) and the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) for heat management control; a third refrigerant combined circuit heat management method for coupling the refrigerant main circuit (201), the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) and the compressor circuit (203) for heat management control; a fourth refrigerant combined circuit heat management method for coupling the refrigerant main circuit (201) and the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) for heat management control; and a fifth refrigerant combined circuit heat management method for coupling the refrigerant main circuit (201), the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202), the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) and the compressor circuit (203) for heat management control.

10. The thermal management method of a direct heat pump type thermal management system according to claim 9, wherein: The single refrigerant main circuit thermal management method includes connecting the refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant main circuit (201) through the refrigerant multi-way valve (12), and sequentially introducing the refrigerant into the compressor (8), the indoor condenser (2), and the evaporator (1), so as to meet the heating and dehumidification requirements of the passenger compartment; The first refrigerant combined circuit thermal management method includes cutting off the communication between the compressor (8) and the indoor condenser (2) through the refrigerant multi-way valve (12), connecting the refrigerant outlet of the compressor (8) with the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202), and connecting the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) with the evaporator (1), so that the refrigerant passes through the compressor (8), the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) and the evaporator (1) in sequence and then returns to the compressor (8), thereby meeting the cooling demand of the passenger compartment; The second refrigerant combination circuit thermal management method includes cutting off the communication between the compressor (8) and the indoor condenser (2) through the refrigerant multi-way valve (12), connecting the refrigerant outlet of the compressor (8) with the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202), connecting the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) with the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204), and connecting the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) with the compressor (8), so that the refrigerant passes through the compressor (8), the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (204) and the indoor condenser (2) in sequence. 2) and the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) and then returns to the compressor (8), meeting the cooling demand of the battery pack (10) of the battery circuit (101); or the connection between the compressor (8) and the indoor condenser (2) is cut off by the refrigerant multi-way valve (12), the refrigerant outlet of the compressor (8) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202), and the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) and the evaporator (1) at the same time, so that the refrigerant passes through the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) in sequence. The refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) passes through the evaporator (1) on one side and then returns to the compressor (8), and passes through the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) on the other side and then returns to the compressor (8), thereby simultaneously meeting the cooling requirements of the battery pack (10) of the battery circuit (101) and the cooling requirements of the passenger compartment; or the refrigerant outlet of the compressor (8) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) and the refrigerant inlet of the indoor condenser (2) at the same time, and the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) is connected to the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204). The refrigerant inlet of the circuit (204) is connected to the evaporator (1) at the same time, so that the refrigerant is divided into two paths after passing through the compressor (8) in sequence, one path passing through the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202), and the other path passing through the indoor condenser (2). After the refrigerant passes through the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202), it is divided into two paths, one path passing through the evaporator (1) and returning to the compressor (8), and the other path passing through the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) and returning to the compressor (8), thereby meeting the cooling requirements of the battery pack (10) of the battery circuit (101) and the heating and dehumidification requirements of the passenger compartment; The third refrigerant combination circuit thermal management method includes connecting the refrigerant outlet of the compressor (8) with the refrigerant inlet of the indoor condenser (2) through the refrigerant multi-way valve (12), connecting the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) with the refrigerant outlet of the indoor condenser (2), cutting off the evaporator (1), connecting the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) with the refrigerant inlet of the compressor circuit (203), and connecting the refrigerant outlet of the compressor circuit (203) with the refrigerant inlet of the compressor (8), so that the refrigerant passes through the compressor (8), the indoor condenser (2), the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) in sequence and then returns to the compressor (8), thereby meeting the heating demand of the passenger compartment; The fourth refrigerant combination circuit thermal management method includes connecting the refrigerant outlet of the compressor (8) with the refrigerant inlet of the indoor condenser (2) through the refrigerant multi-way valve (12), connecting the refrigerant outlet of the indoor condenser (2) with the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204), cutting off the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) and the evaporator (1), connecting the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) with the refrigerant inlet of the compressor (8), so that the refrigerant passes through the compressor (8), the indoor condenser (2) and the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) in sequence and then returns to the compressor (8), thereby meeting the heating demand of the passenger compartment while reducing heating energy consumption; The fifth refrigerant combination circuit thermal management method includes connecting the refrigerant outlet of the compressor (8) to the refrigerant inlet of the indoor condenser (2) through the refrigerant multi-way valve (12), connecting the refrigerant outlet of the indoor condenser (2) to the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) and the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) at the same time, cutting off the evaporator (1), connecting the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) to the refrigerant inlet of the compressor circuit (203), and connecting the refrigerant outlet of the compressor circuit (203) to the refrigerant inlet of the compressor circuit (203). (8), the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the compressor (8), so that the refrigerant passes through the compressor (8) and the indoor condenser (2) in sequence and is divided into two paths, one path passes through the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) and returns to the compressor (8), and the other path passes through the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) and returns to the compressor (8), while meeting the cooling requirements of the battery pack (10) of the battery circuit (101) and the heating requirements of the passenger compartment; or, the refrigerant outlet of the compressor (8) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the compressor (8) through the refrigerant multi-way valve (12). ) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the indoor condenser (2), the refrigerant outlet of the indoor condenser (2) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202), the refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) and the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator (1) at the same time, the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the compressor circuit (203), the refrigerant outlet of the compressor circuit (203) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the compressor (8), the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the compressor (8), and the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the compressor (8). The refrigerant inlet of the compressor (8) is connected, and the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator (1) is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the compressor (8), so that the refrigerant passes through the compressor (8) and the indoor condenser (2) in sequence and is divided into three paths, one path passes through the refrigerant heat dissipation circuit (202) and returns to the compressor (8), one path passes through the refrigerant heat exchange circuit (204) and returns to the compressor (8), and the other path passes through the evaporator (1) and returns to the compressor (8), thereby meeting the cooling of the battery pack (10) of the battery circuit (101), the heating, dehumidification, refrigerant filling and exhaust requirements of the passenger compartment.

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