High-temperature and high-pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler for burning biomass materials

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of combustion boilers, in particular to a high-temperature and high-pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler for combusting biomass materials, a combustion box is fixedly connected to the top of a mounting bottom box, a combustion bottom plate is fixedly connected to the interior of the combustion box, and two fixing insertion columns are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two sides of the combustion box; fixed side blocks are slidably clamped to the outer sides of the two fixed insertion columns, a movable bottom plate is fixedly connected between the two fixed side blocks, the movable bottom plate is tightly attached to the bottom of the combustion bottom plate, the outer sides of the fixed insertion columns are movably sleeved with reset springs, and adjusting bottom blocks are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the fixed side blocks; the two sides of the adjusting bottom block are fixedly connected with adjusting inclined blocks, the directions of the inclined faces of the two adjusting inclined blocks are opposite, through the innovative structural design, uniform supply and efficient combustion of fuel are guaranteed, the heat efficiency and stability of the boiler are effectively improved, and fluidized particles can be repeatedly combusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of combustion boilers, in particular to a high-temperature and high-pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler burning biomass materials. Background Art

[0002] Biomass fuel refers to organic matter derived from animals and plants, including crop straw, forestry waste, livestock and poultry manure, energy crops (such as sugarcane and switchgrass) and industrial organic waste. By burning these materials, energy can be released for power generation, heating or industrial production.

[0003] In the prior art, when feeding fuel, it is added directly to the top of the fuel. This method not only leads to incomplete combustion of the fuel, but also causes uneven temperature distribution inside the boiler, affecting the thermal efficiency and stability of the boiler. In addition, because a fluidized bed is adopted, most of the solid particles are carried out of the combustion chamber by the airflow and then circulated back, and the position of the reflux particles needs to be considered. For this reason, the present invention provides a high-temperature and high-pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler that burns biomass materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature and high-pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler burning biomass materials to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a high-temperature and high-pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler burning biomass materials, including an installation bottom box and a fixed bottom block, the top of the installation bottom box is fixedly connected to a combustion box, the interior of the combustion box is fixedly connected to a combustion bottom plate, two inner walls of both sides of the combustion box are fixedly connected to two fixed plugs, the outer sides of the two fixed plugs are slidably clamped with fixed side blocks, a movable bottom plate is fixedly connected between the two fixed side blocks, the movable bottom plate is tightly attached to the bottom of the combustion bottom plate, the outer sides of the fixed plugs are movably sleeved with a return spring, the bottom of the fixed side block is fixedly connected to an adjustment bottom block, the two sides of the adjustment bottom block are fixedly connected to adjustment oblique blocks, the inclined surfaces of the two adjustment oblique blocks are in opposite directions, and the fixed bottom The top of the block is fixedly connected with a movable push cylinder, and the output end of the movable push cylinder is fixedly connected with a trapezoidal inclined block, and both sides of the trapezoidal inclined block are fixedly connected with a mounting base, and the top of the mounting base is fixedly connected with a diamond column, and the top of the mounting base box is slidably connected with a guide bottom column, and the top of the guide bottom column is fixedly connected with the connecting base plate, and the top of the connecting base plate is fixedly connected with a feed inclined plate, and the inclined surface of the feed inclined plate fits the inclined surface of the trapezoidal inclined block, and the inner wall of the combustion box is fixedly connected with a partition row, and the feed inclined plate and the partition row are slidably engaged with each other, and the movable base plate is slidably engaged between the combustion base plate and the partition row, and the top of the combustion box is fixedly connected with the boiler bottom cylinder, and one side of the combustion box is fixed A feed bin is fixedly connected, and a feed frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feed bin, and the feed frame is fixedly connected to one end of the combustion bottom plate, and the bottom opening of the feed frame corresponds to the inclined surface of the trapezoidal inclined block; when in use: the top of the combustion bottom plate is the combustion chamber, and the crushed fuel enters the feed frame through the feed bin, and then enters the top of the feed inclined plate through the inclined surface at one end of the trapezoidal inclined block, and then the push cylinder is moved to start pushing the trapezoidal inclined block, so that the inclined surface of the trapezoidal inclined block passes through the bottom of the feed frame, and then the top of the trapezoidal inclined block closes the bottom of the feed frame, and at the same time, the diamond column pushes the inclined surface of the adjustment inclined block to move the adjustment inclined block to one side, so that the fixed side block and the movable bottom plate move to one side, so that the movable bottom plate coincides with the notch of the combustion bottom plate, and the fuel on the top falls The top of the feed inclined plate is fed into, and at the same time, the trapezoidal inclined block pushes the inclined surface of the feed inclined plate. The feed inclined plate is limited by the connecting bottom plate and the guide bottom column, so that the feed inclined plate moves upward. When the feed inclined plate reaches the bottom of the movable bottom plate, the diamond column is just adjusted through the bottom block and the adjusting inclined block, and the fixed side block is pushed to reset by the reset springs on both sides, so that the combustion bottom plate and the movable bottom plate are closed, and the material on the top of the feed inclined plate is on the top of the combustion bottom plate and the movable bottom plate. Then the movable push cylinder is extended and retracted, and the diamond column moves backward. Because the inclined surfaces of the two adjusting inclined blocks are in opposite directions, the movable bottom plate and the combustion bottom plate are still in a closed state when pushed by the other side of the adjusting bottom block. This is repeated so that the newly added fuel is at the bottom and does not affect the combustion at the top.

[0006] Preferably, one side of the combustion box is fixedly connected with a guide cylinder, the end of the guide cylinder away from the combustion box is fixedly connected with a separation cylinder, the outer side of the separation cylinder is fixedly connected with a return cylinder, the return cylinder is fixedly connected to the combustion box, the interface between the return cylinder and the combustion box is lower than the movable bottom plate, one side of the separation cylinder is fixedly connected with a mounting bearing, the inner side of the mounting bearing is rotatably connected with a separation filter cylinder, the outer side of the separation filter cylinder is fixedly connected with four partition plates, one end of the separation cylinder is fixedly connected with a smoke exhaust cylinder, the separation filter cylinder is communicated with the smoke exhaust cylinder, and the separation The partition is tightly attached to the inner wall of the separation cylinder; when in use: during combustion, the fuel fills the furnace, and at the same time, a large amount of solid particles are carried out of the combustion chamber by the airflow, and enter the separation cylinder through the guide cylinder. The flue gas is filtered by the separation filter cylinder and discharged outward through the smoke exhaust pipe. The particles are accumulated on the outside of the separation filter cylinder. Between the two partition plates, the partition plate is pressed to rotate so that the particles will not circulate inside the separation cylinder. When the partition plate passes over the return cylinder, the particles fall through the return cylinder and enter the top of the feed inclined plate, so that they are added to the top of the combustion bottom plate together with the newly added fuel for combustion.

[0007] The present invention provides a high-temperature and high-pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler burning biomass materials through improvements. Compared with the prior art, it has the following improvements and advantages:

[0008] First: The high-temperature and high-pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler for burning biomass materials described in the present invention has a combustion chamber at the top of the combustion bottom plate. The crushed fuel enters the feed frame through the feed bin, and then enters the top of the feed inclined plate through the inclined surface at one end of the trapezoidal inclined block. Then the push cylinder is moved to start pushing the trapezoidal inclined block, so that the inclined surface of the trapezoidal inclined block passes through the bottom of the feed frame. Then the top of the trapezoidal inclined block closes the bottom of the feed frame, and at the same time the diamond column pushes the inclined surface of the adjustment inclined block to move the adjustment inclined block to one side, so that the fixed side block and the movable bottom plate move to one side, so that the movable bottom plate coincides with the notch of the combustion bottom plate, and the fuel on the top falls into the top of the feed inclined plate. At the same time, the trapezoidal inclined block pushes the inlet The inclined surface of the material inclined plate and the feeding inclined plate are limited by the connecting bottom plate and the guide bottom column, so that the feeding inclined plate moves upward. When the feeding inclined plate reaches the bottom of the movable bottom plate, the diamond column just passes through the adjusting bottom block and the adjusting inclined block, and the fixed side block is pushed to reset by the reset springs on both sides, so that the combustion bottom plate and the movable bottom plate are closed, and the material on the top of the feeding inclined plate is on the top of the combustion bottom plate and the movable bottom plate. Then the movable push cylinder is extended and retracted, and the diamond column moves backward. Because the inclined surfaces of the two adjusting inclined blocks are in opposite directions, the movable bottom plate and the combustion bottom plate are still in a closed state when pushed by the other side of the adjusting bottom block. This is repeated so that the newly added fuel is at the bottom and does not affect the combustion at the top.

[0009] Second, in a high-temperature, high-pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler using biomass materials as described in the present invention, during combustion, the fuel fills the furnace. At the same time, a large amount of solid particles are carried out of the combustion chamber by the airflow and enter the separation cylinder through the guide cylinder. The flue gas is filtered by the separation filter cylinder and discharged outward through the smoke exhaust pipe. The particles accumulate on the outside of the separation filter cylinder. Between the two partition plates, the partition plate is pressed and rotated to prevent the particles from circulating inside the separation cylinder. When the partition plate passes over the return cylinder, the particles fall through the return cylinder and enter the top of the feed inclined plate, so that they are added to the top of the combustion base plate together with the newly added fuel for combustion.

[0010] Summary: The high-temperature and high-pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler for burning biomass materials described in the present invention ensures uniform fuel supply and efficient combustion through innovative structural design, effectively improves the thermal efficiency and stability of the boiler, and enables the fluidized particles to be burned repeatedly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples:

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile push cylinder of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the combustion base plate structure of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the fixed side block structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feed inclined plate of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the separation filter cartridge structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the boiler bottom drum structure of the present invention.

[0019] Description of reference numerals:

[0020] 1. Install the bottom box; 2. Combustion box; 3. Fix the bottom block; 4. Move the push cylinder; 5. Separation cylinder; 6. Feed bin; 7. Trapezoidal inclined block; 8. Boiler bottom cylinder; 9. Combustion bottom plate; 10. Move the bottom plate; 11. Fix the side block; 12. Fix the plug column; 13. Return spring; 14. Adjust the bottom block; 15. Adjust the inclined block; 16. Install the bottom plate; 17. Diamond column; 18. Guide bottom column; 19. Connect the bottom plate; 20. Feed inclined plate; 21. Guide tube; 22. Return tube; 23. Smoke exhaust pipe; 24. Install the bearing; 25. Separation filter cartridge; 26. Partition plate; 27. Partition row; 28. Feed frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is described in detail below, clearly and completely describing the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The present invention provides a high-temperature and high-pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler burning biomass materials through improvement. The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0023] like Figure 1-Figure 7As shown, a high-temperature and high-pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler burning biomass materials includes an installation bottom box 1 and a fixed bottom block 3. The top of the installation bottom box 1 is fixedly connected to a combustion box 2, and the interior of the combustion box 2 is fixedly connected to a combustion bottom plate 9. Two fixed plugs 12 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of both sides of the combustion box 2. The outer sides of the two fixed plugs 12 are slidably connected with fixed side blocks 11. A movable bottom plate 10 is fixedly connected between the two fixed side blocks 11. The movable bottom plate 10 is tightly attached to the bottom of the combustion bottom plate 9. The outer sides of the fixed plugs 12 are movably sleeved with a return spring 13. The bottom of the fixed side block 11 is fixedly connected to an adjustment bottom block 14. Adjustment oblique blocks 15 are fixedly connected to both sides of the adjustment bottom block 14. The oblique surfaces of the two adjustment oblique blocks 15 are in opposite directions. The top of the fixed bottom block 3 is fixedly connected to a movable push cylinder 4. The output end of the movable push cylinder 4 is fixedly connected to a trapezoidal oblique block 7. The two sides of the trapezoidal oblique block 7 are fixedly connected with the mounting base 16, the top of the mounting base 16 is fixedly connected with a diamond column 17, the top of the mounting bottom box 1 is slidably connected with a guide bottom column 18, the top of the guide bottom column 18 is fixedly connected with a connecting base 19, the top of the connecting base 19 is fixedly connected with a feed inclined plate 20, the inclined surface of the feed inclined plate 20 fits with the inclined surface of the trapezoidal oblique block 7, the inner wall of the combustion box 2 is fixedly connected with a partition row 27, the feed inclined plate 20 and the partition row 27 are slidably engaged with each other, the movable base 10 is slidably engaged between the combustion base plate 9 and the partition row 27, the top of the combustion box 2 is fixedly connected with the boiler bottom tube 8, one side of the combustion box 2 is fixedly connected with the feed bin 6, the bottom of the feed bin 6 is fixedly connected with a feed frame 28, the feed frame 28 is fixedly connected to one end of the combustion base plate 9, and the bottom opening of the feed frame 28 corresponds to the inclined surface of the trapezoidal oblique block 7;During use: the top of the combustion bottom plate 9 is the combustion chamber, the crushed fuel enters the feed frame 28 through the feed bin 6, and then enters the top of the feed inclined plate 20 through the inclined surface at one end of the trapezoidal inclined block 7, and then the push cylinder 4 is moved to start pushing the trapezoidal inclined block 7, so that the inclined surface of the trapezoidal inclined block 7 passes through the bottom of the feed frame 28, and then the top of the trapezoidal inclined block 7 closes the bottom of the feed frame 28, and at the same time the diamond column 17 pushes the inclined surface of the adjustment inclined block 15, so that the adjustment inclined block 15 moves to one side, so that the fixed side block 11 and the movable bottom plate 10 move to one side, so that the movable bottom plate 10 coincides with the notch of the combustion bottom plate 9, and the fuel on the top falls into the top of the feed inclined plate 20, and at the same time the trapezoidal inclined block 7 pushes the inclined surface of the feed inclined plate 20, and the feed inclined plate 20 is connected The bottom plate 19 and the guide bottom column 18 limit the position, allowing the feed ramp 20 to move upward. When the feed ramp 20 reaches the bottom of the movable bottom plate 10, the diamond column 17 passes through the adjustment bottom block 14 and the adjustment ramp 15. The fixed side block 11 is pushed back by the return springs 13 on both sides, closing the combustion bottom plate 9 and the movable bottom plate 10. The material on the top of the feed ramp 20 is placed on top of the combustion bottom plate 9 and the movable bottom plate 10. The movable push cylinder 4 then extends and retracts, and the diamond column 17 moves backward. Because the inclined surfaces of the two adjustment ramps 15 are in opposite directions, it pushes through the other side of the adjustment bottom block 14, and the movable bottom plate 10 and the combustion bottom plate 9 are still in a closed state. This cycle repeats, ensuring that the newly added fuel is at the bottom and does not affect the combustion at the top.

[0024] Furthermore, a guide cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to one side of the combustion box 2, and a separation cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the end of the guide cylinder 21 away from the combustion box 2. A return cylinder 22 is fixedly connected to the outside of the separation cylinder 5, and the return cylinder 22 is fixedly connected to the combustion box 2. The interface between the return cylinder 22 and the combustion box 2 is lower than the movable bottom plate 10. A mounting bearing 24 is fixedly connected to one side of the separation cylinder 5, and a separation filter cylinder 25 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the mounting bearing 24. Four partition plates 26 are fixedly connected to the outside of the separation filter cylinder 25. One end of the separation cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the smoke exhaust cylinder 23. The separation filter cylinder 25 is communicated with the smoke exhaust cylinder 23, and the partition plates 26 are close to the smoke exhaust cylinder 23. On the inner wall of the separation cylinder 5; when in use: during combustion, the fuel fills the furnace, and at the same time, a large amount of solid particles are carried out of the combustion chamber by the airflow, enter the separation cylinder 5 through the guide cylinder 21, and the flue gas is filtered through the separation filter cylinder 25 and discharged outward through the smoke exhaust pipe 23. The particles are accumulated on the outside of the separation filter cylinder 25, between the two partition plates 26, and the partition plate 26 is pressed to rotate so that the particles will not circulate inside the separation cylinder 5. When the partition plate 26 passes over the return cylinder 22, the particles fall through the return cylinder 22 and enter the top of the feed inclined plate 20, so that they are added to the top of the combustion bottom plate 9 together with the newly added fuel for combustion.

[0025] Working principle: The top of the combustion bottom plate 9 is the combustion chamber. The crushed fuel enters the feed frame 28 through the feed bin 6, and then enters the top of the feed ramp 20 through the inclined surface of one end of the trapezoidal inclined block 7. Then the push cylinder 4 is moved to start pushing the trapezoidal inclined block 7, so that the inclined surface of the trapezoidal inclined block 7 passes through the bottom of the feed frame 28. Then the top of the trapezoidal inclined block 7 closes the bottom of the feed frame 28. At the same time, the diamond column 17 pushes the inclined surface of the adjustment ramp 15, so that the adjustment ramp 15 moves to one side, so that the fixed side block 11 and the movable bottom plate 1 0 moves to one side, so that the movable bottom plate 10 coincides with the notch of the combustion bottom plate 9, and the fuel on the top falls into the top of the feed inclined plate 20. At the same time, the trapezoidal inclined block 7 pushes the inclined surface of the feed inclined plate 20. The feed inclined plate 20 is limited by the connecting bottom plate 19 and the guide bottom column 18, so that the feed inclined plate 20 moves upward. When the feed inclined plate 20 reaches the bottom of the movable bottom plate 10, the diamond column 17 just passes through the adjusting bottom block 14 and the adjusting inclined block 15, and the fixed side block 11 is pushed to reset by the reset springs 13 on both sides, so that the combustion bottom The plate 9 and the movable bottom plate 10 are closed, and the material on the top of the feed inclined plate 20 is on the top of the combustion bottom plate 9 and the movable bottom plate 10. Then the movable push cylinder 4 is extended and retracted, and the diamond column 17 moves backward. Because the inclined surfaces of the two adjustment inclined blocks 15 are in opposite directions, the movable bottom plate 10 and the combustion bottom plate 9 are still in a closed state when pushed by the other side of the adjustment bottom block 14. This is repeated so that the newly added fuel is at the bottom and does not affect the combustion at the top. During combustion, the fuel fills the furnace and a large number of solid particles are burned by the gas. The flue gas is carried out of the combustion chamber and enters the separation cylinder 5 through the guide tube 21. The flue gas is filtered by the separation filter cylinder 25 and discharged outward through the smoke exhaust pipe 23. The particles are accumulated on the outside of the separation filter cylinder 25, between the two partition plates 26. The partition plates 26 are pressed to rotate so that the particles will not circulate inside the separation cylinder 5. When the partition plates 26 pass over the return cylinder 22, the particles fall through the return cylinder 22 and enter the top of the feed inclined plate 20, so that they are added to the top of the combustion bottom plate 9 together with the newly added fuel for combustion.

[0026] The above description is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-temperature and high-pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler for burning biomass materials, comprising a mounting bottom box (1) and a fixed bottom block (3), characterized in that: The top of the mounting base box (1) is fixedly connected to a combustion box (2), the interior of the combustion box (2) is fixedly connected to a combustion base plate (9), two fixed plugs (12) are fixedly connected to the inner walls of both sides of the combustion box (2), the outer sides of the two fixed plugs (12) are slidably engaged with fixed side blocks (11), a movable base plate (10) is fixedly connected between the two fixed side blocks (11), the movable base plate (10) is tightly attached to the bottom of the combustion base plate (9), the outer sides of the fixed plugs (12) are movably sleeved with a return spring (13), the bottom of the fixed side block (11) is fixedly connected to an adjustment base block (14), the two sides of the adjustment base block (14) are fixedly connected to adjustment inclined blocks (15), and the inclined surfaces of the two adjustment inclined blocks (15) are in opposite directions.

2. The high-temperature and high-pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler for burning biomass materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the fixed bottom block (3) is fixedly connected to a movable push cylinder (4), the output end of the movable push cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to a trapezoidal inclined block (7), both sides of the trapezoidal inclined block (7) are fixedly connected to a mounting base plate (16), and the top of the mounting base plate (16) is fixedly connected to a diamond column (17).

3. The high-temperature and high-pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler for burning biomass materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the installation bottom box (1) is slidably connected to a guide bottom column (18), the top of the guide bottom column (18) is fixedly connected to a connecting bottom plate (19), the top of the connecting bottom plate (19) is fixedly connected to a feed inclined plate (20), and the inclined surface of the feed inclined plate (20) is in contact with the inclined surface of the trapezoidal inclined block (7).

4. The high-temperature and high-pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler for burning biomass materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the combustion box (2) is fixedly connected with a partition row (27), the feed inclined plate (20) and the partition row (27) are slidably engaged with each other, and the movable bottom plate (10) is slidably engaged between the combustion bottom plate (9) and the partition row (27).

5. The high-temperature and high-pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler for burning biomass materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: A guide cylinder (21) is fixedly connected to one side of the combustion box (2), a separation cylinder (5) is fixedly connected to one end of the guide cylinder (21) away from the combustion box (2), a return cylinder (22) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the separation cylinder (5), the return cylinder (22) is fixedly connected to the combustion box (2), and the interface between the return cylinder (22) and the combustion box (2) is lower than the movable bottom plate (10).

6. The high-temperature and high-pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler for burning biomass materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: One side of the separation cylinder (5) is fixedly connected to a mounting bearing (24), the inner side of the mounting bearing (24) is rotatably connected to a separation filter cylinder (25), the outer side of the separation filter cylinder (25) is fixedly connected to four partition plates (26), one end of the separation cylinder (5) is fixedly connected to a smoke exhaust pipe (23), the separation filter cylinder (25) is communicated with the smoke exhaust pipe (23), and the partition plates (26) are closely attached to the inner wall of the separation cylinder (5).

7. The high-temperature and high-pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler burning biomass materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the combustion box (2) is fixedly connected to the boiler bottom drum (8), one side of the combustion box (2) is fixedly connected to the feed bin (6), the bottom of the feed bin (6) is fixedly connected to the feed frame (28), the feed frame (28) is fixedly connected to one end of the combustion bottom plate (9), and the bottom opening of the feed frame (28) corresponds to the inclined surface of the trapezoidal inclined block (7).

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