Liquid water wake hydrogen-oxygen direct burner head and burner

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of combustors, and provides a liquid water wake hydrogen-oxygen direct combustor head and a combustor. The oxygen channel and the hydrogen channel are independently arranged, and both the oxygen channel and the hydrogen channel are arranged on the sleeve; the swirler is connected with the sleeve, an annular channel is formed between the swirler and the sleeve, an inner side channel of the swirler is communicated with the hydrogen channel, and the annular channel is communicated with the oxygen channel; the nozzle penetrates through the sleeve, a water inlet of the nozzle is communicated with a water source, and a water outlet of the nozzle is communicated with an inner side channel of the swirler. By means of the swirler structure, hydrogen and oxygen are atomized into liquid water in the flowing process, so that the high temperature of hydrogen and oxygen combustion is diluted, and the heat load of the head of the combustor is reduced; liquid water is added into the head, the evaporation rate is improved through pneumatic atomization, the flame temperature of oxyhydrogen combustion is remarkably reduced, and meanwhile the good fire stabilizing effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of burners, and in particular to a hydrogen-oxygen direct burner head with liquid water accompanying flow and a burner. Background Art

[0002] Converting electrical energy into hydrogen through water electrolysis is an effective way to steadily utilize unstable wind and photovoltaic power. Direct combustion of hydrogen and oxygen produces only water vapor, is pollution-free, and fully utilizes the electrolysis product, making it an ideal method for hydrogen energy utilization. However, direct combustion of hydrogen and oxygen has high temperatures, which can easily damage the combustion chamber. Using water for dilution is one effective way to address this problem.

[0003] Dilution schemes are categorized by the dilution medium: steam dilution and liquid water dilution. Steam dilution introduces water vapor along with hydrogen and oxygen to reduce the intensity of the chemical reaction and achieve a suitable head temperature. While steam dilution facilitates flame temperature control, it requires additional equipment such as a steam generator and superheater to provide the dilution steam, increasing system complexity.

[0004] Existing liquid water dilution methods typically involve first completing the combustion of hydrogen and oxygen, then injecting liquid water into the high-temperature steam to reduce its temperature. However, this approach often creates a high-temperature area at the burner head before the liquid water dilution occurs, resulting in a high heat load and negatively impacting burner reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a hydrogen-oxygen direct burner head with liquid water accompanying flow, which is used to solve the defects of the prior art that the burner head will have a high temperature and high heat load before the liquid water is diluted. Liquid water is atomized in the head by the action of airflow, and the chemical reaction intensity is reduced by the heat absorption and evaporation of the liquid water, thereby solving the problem of excessively high temperature in hydrogen-oxygen direct combustion and realizing safe and stable hydrogen-oxygen combustion.

[0006] The present invention provides a head of a hydrogen-oxygen direct burner with liquid water accompanying flow, comprising: sleeve; The oxygen channel and the hydrogen channel are independently provided, and both the oxygen channel and the hydrogen channel are provided on the sleeve; a cyclone connected to the sleeve, with an annular channel formed between the cyclone and the sleeve, the inner channel of the cyclone communicating with the hydrogen channel, and the annular channel communicating with the oxygen channel; A nozzle passes through the sleeve, a water inlet of the nozzle is connected to a water source, and a water outlet of the nozzle is connected to an inner channel of the cyclone.

[0007] According to the present invention, a hydrogen-oxygen direct burner head with liquid water accompanying flow is provided, wherein the swirler is a two-stage axial swirler, and the swirler comprises: a venturi tube, the inner side of which is in communication with the hydrogen channel; The inner swirl blades and the outer swirl blades are respectively arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the venturi tube; the hydrogen enters the inner side of the venturi tube after passing through the inner swirl blades; the oxygen enters the annular channel after passing through the outer swirl blades.

[0008] According to the head of a hydrogen-oxygen direct burner with liquid water accompanying flow provided by the present invention, the inner swirl number of the swirler is 0.6, and the outer swirl number is 0.3.

[0009] According to the head of a hydrogen-oxygen direct burner with liquid water accompanying flow provided by the present invention, the nozzle has a plurality of spray holes, and the plurality of spray holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the nozzle.

[0010] According to the head of a direct hydrogen-oxygen burner with liquid water accompanying flow provided by the present invention, the spray hole adopts a direct injection type, the aperture of the spray hole is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the spray cone angle of the spray hole is 60°.

[0011] The head of a hydrogen-oxygen direct burner with liquid water accompanying flow provided by the present invention also includes a cooling structure, which is used to reduce the outer wall temperature of the cyclone.

[0012] According to the present invention, a head of a hydrogen-oxygen direct burner with liquid water accompanying flow is provided, wherein the cooling structure comprises: A shell is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sleeve and connected to the bottom end of the sleeve. The inner side of the sleeve is a cooling cavity; a water return cavity is formed between the shell and the sleeve; A water inlet channel and a water return channel are provided at the first end of the shell. The water inlet channel is communicated with the cooling cavity; the cooling cavity is communicated with the water return cavity; and the water return channel is communicated with the water return cavity.

[0013] According to the head of a hydrogen-oxygen direct burner with liquid water accompanying flow provided by the present invention, a plurality of through holes are formed on the first end of the sleeve facing away from the shell.

[0014] The head of a hydrogen-oxygen direct burner with liquid water accompanying the flow provided by the present invention is made of ceramic material.

[0015] The present invention also provides a burner comprising the hydrogen-oxygen direct burner head with liquid water accompanying flow as described in any one of the above items.

[0016] The head of the hydrogen-oxygen direct burner with liquid water accompanying the flow provided by the present invention is independently provided with an oxygen channel and a hydrogen channel, both of which are provided on a sleeve, a swirler is connected to the sleeve, an annular channel is formed between the swirler and the sleeve, the inner channel of the swirler is connected to the hydrogen channel, and the annular channel is connected to the oxygen channel; the nozzle passes through the sleeve, and the water inlet of the nozzle is connected to the water source, and the water outlet of the nozzle is connected to the inner channel of the swirler. The swirler structure is utilized to atomize hydrogen and oxygen into liquid water during the flow process, thereby diluting the high temperature of hydrogen-oxygen combustion and reducing the heat load of the burner head; by adding liquid water to the head, its evaporation rate is increased by pneumatic atomization, which significantly reduces the flame temperature of hydrogen-oxygen combustion and has a good flame stabilization effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the head of the hydrogen-oxygen direct burner with liquid water accompanying flow provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the head of the hydrogen-oxygen direct burner with liquid water accompanying flow provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a left view of the head of the hydrogen-oxygen direct burner with liquid water accompanying flow provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Middle BB cross-section view.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the nozzle in the head of the hydrogen-oxygen direct burner with liquid water accompanying the present invention. Figure 6 Middle AA section view.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the direction of cooling water when the airflow direction provided by the present invention is upward.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a diagram of the direction of cooling water when the airflow direction provided by the present invention is downward.

[0025] Reference numerals: 1. Sleeve; 2. Oxygen channel; 3. Hydrogen channel; 4. Cyclone; 41. Venturi tube; 42. Inner swirl blade; 43. Outer swirl blade; 5. Nozzle; 51. Spray hole; 6. Casing; 7. Water inlet channel; 8. Return water channel; 9. Through hole; 100. Cooling chamber; 200. Return water chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The following combination Figures 1-8 The head of the hydrogen-oxygen direct burner with liquid water accompanying the present invention is described, which includes a sleeve 1, an oxygen channel 2, a hydrogen channel 3, a swirler 4 and a nozzle 5.

[0028] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a head for a direct hydrogen-oxygen burner with liquid water co-flow. The sleeve 1 is a hollow structure with an oxygen channel 2 and a hydrogen channel 3 independently provided. The oxygen channel is used to introduce oxygen, and the hydrogen channel 3 is used to introduce hydrogen. Both the oxygen channel 2 and the hydrogen channel 3 are provided on the sleeve 1. A cyclone 4 is connected to the sleeve 1, forming an annular channel between the cyclone 4 and the sleeve 1. The inner channel of the cyclone 4 communicates with the hydrogen channel 3, and the annular channel communicates with the oxygen channel 2.

[0029] The hydrogen and oxygen generate a rotating flow through the blades of the cyclone 4. The rotating flow can increase the contact area and mixing intensity of the hydrogen and oxygen gases, shorten the ignition delay time, make the combustion more complete, and reduce the emission of unburned hydrogen. Moreover, the flow pattern of oxygen enveloping hydrogen can inhibit the excessive diffusion of hydrogen and limit the combustion reaction to the central area. At the same time, the annular oxygen flow and the central hydrogen flow form a gradient mixing, which reduces the peak rate of the chemical reaction and cooperates with the heat absorption of liquid water to further control the combustion temperature.

[0030] Nozzle 5 penetrates sleeve 1, with its water inlet connected to a water source and its outlet communicating with the inner channel of cyclone 4. Liquid water is injected into the inner channel of cyclone 4 through nozzle 5, flowing in the same direction as the rotating hydrogen flow within cyclone 4. The high-speed rotating airflow exerts shear and centrifugal forces on the water flow, breaking it into micron-sized droplets, forming a uniform mixture of water mist and gas. Atomization is achieved by utilizing the kinetic energy of the premixed gas from hydrogen and oxygen combustion, eliminating the need for additional pumping power or ultrasonic atomization devices, reducing system complexity. The droplets are evenly distributed circumferentially within the cyclonic field, ensuring full contact with the hydrogen and oxygen gases and ensuring consistent heat absorption.

[0031] The atomized water droplets begin to absorb heat and evaporate in the premixing stage before combustion, reducing the initial temperature of the mixed gas; during the combustion process, liquid water evaporates into water vapor, further absorbing the heat released by the reaction and suppressing the flame temperature peak.

[0032] Therefore, the hydrogen-oxygen direct burner head with liquid water accompanying the flow provided by the present invention atomizes the liquid water through the action of the airflow of oxygen and hydrogen, reduces the intensity of the chemical reaction through the heat absorption and evaporation of the liquid water, solves the problem of excessively high temperature of hydrogen-oxygen direct combustion, and realizes safe and stable combustion of hydrogen and oxygen. It is suitable for all scenarios from small laboratory burners to large industrial burners, and is particularly suitable for hydrogen energy, aviation and other fields.

[0033] In a feasible embodiment of the present invention, the swirler 4 is a two-stage axial swirler, comprising a venturi 41, inner swirl blades 42, and outer swirl blades 43. The inner side of the venturi 41 is connected to the hydrogen channel 3; the inner swirl blades 42 and the outer swirl blades 43 are respectively arranged on the inner and outer sides of the venturi 41; the hydrogen enters the inner side of the venturi 41 after passing through the inner swirl blades 42, and forms a high-speed rotating airflow after passing through the inner swirl blades 42, forming a central swirl field inside the venturi 41, significantly increasing the turbulence intensity of the hydrogen. After passing through the outer swirl blades 43, the oxygen enters the annular channel, and after passing through the outer swirl blades 43, the oxygen forms an outer swirl in the annular channel, forming a coaxial counter-rotating flow field with the hydrogen swirl, further increasing the interfacial turbulence disturbance and promoting rapid mixing of hydrogen and oxygen. The strong turbulent mixing zone formed by the two-stage swirl can reduce the sensitivity of the combustion reaction to flow velocity fluctuations and improve combustion stability.

[0034] After liquid water is injected into the inner side of the venturi 41 from the nozzle, it is broken into fine droplets under the shear force and suction of the high-speed hydrogen flow, and the atomization efficiency is significantly higher than that of traditional single-fluid atomization. The swirling airflow generated by the inner swirl blades 42 can enable the droplets to obtain circumferential velocity, and together with the axial airflow, form a spiral motion trajectory, prolonging the residence time of the droplets in the atomization zone and increasing the probability of collision with the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas. The annular swirl formed by the outer swirl oxygen flow can form an air curtain barrier around the outlet of the venturi 41, preventing large-particle droplets from escaping to the outside, ensuring that the atomized droplets are evenly distributed in the center of the combustion zone, and improving the heat absorption efficiency.

[0035] More specifically, the inner swirl blade 42 and the outer swirl blade 43 are both straight blades, and the inner swirl blade 42 and the outer swirl blade 43 have opposite rotation directions.

[0036] In one feasible embodiment of the present invention, the internal swirl number of cyclone 4 is 0.6, resulting in a moderately high swirl intensity for the hydrogen flow. This creates a strong swirling core within the venturi 41. The centrifugal force induced by the swirl causes the hydrogen to migrate outward from the venturi, where the oxygen flow forms a radial concentration gradient-driven diffusion mixing, shortening the diffusion distance of the hydrogen and oxygen components. The external swirl number is 0.3, indicating a weak swirl state. This creates a spiraling flow within the annular channel, but with axial velocity dominating. This prevents excessive oxygen swirl intensity from causing premature and vigorous hydrogen and oxygen reactions, ensuring that the liquid water has sufficient time to evaporate and absorb heat after injection before entering the combustion zone.

[0037] Of course, the specific structural parameters of the inner swirl number and the outer swirl number can be flexibly adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0038] like Figure 5 As shown, in a feasible embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle 5 has a plurality of spray holes 51, and the plurality of spray holes 51 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the nozzle 5, so that liquid water is simultaneously sprayed from different directions to the inner channel of the cyclone 4. Multi-point injection can form a denser water curtain or water mist network, which is fully in contact with the high-speed rotating hydrogen flow, and uses the shear force of the airflow to achieve a finer atomization effect, and also avoids the problem of droplets being concentrated in a certain area due to a single spray hole 51.

[0039] In a feasible embodiment of the present invention, the spray hole 51 adopts a direct spray type, and the liquid flow direction of the direct spray hole is basically consistent with the nozzle axis, which can ensure that the liquid water is sprayed vertically along the central axis of the cyclone, forming an orthogonal collision with the radial or tangential hydrogen flow generated by the inner swirl blade 42.

[0040] More specifically, the nozzle hole 51 has a diameter of 0.3-0.5 mm and a spray cone angle of 60°. A smaller hole diameter allows liquid water to achieve a higher injection velocity at the same pressure, increasing the velocity difference with the hydrogen flow and enhancing the atomization effect caused by the relative motion of gas and liquid. Of course, this also avoids the dramatic increase in water flow resistance caused by an excessively small hole diameter, while also reducing water quality sensitivity.

[0041] In a feasible embodiment of the present invention, a cooling structure is further included. The cooling structure is used to reduce the outer wall temperature of the cyclone. The cooling structure can remove heat through forced convection, control the outer wall temperature within the allowable range of the material, prevent failure risks such as cracking, and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0042] like Figure 6As shown, in one feasible embodiment of the present invention, the cooling structure includes an outer shell 6, a water inlet channel 7, and a water return channel 8. The outer shell 6 is sleeved around the outer periphery of the sleeve 1 and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sleeve 1, forming a coaxial nested structure. This ensures the stability of the cooling structure without the need for additional support components. This design is particularly suitable for space-sensitive applications such as aircraft engines. It can integrate a high-efficiency heat dissipation system within a limited radial space, avoiding the complex layout and increased weight of traditional external cooling pipes.

[0043] The inner side of the sleeve 1 is a cooling chamber 100; a return water chamber 200 is formed between the outer shell 6 and the sleeve 1. The first end of the outer shell 6 is provided with a water inlet channel 7 and a water return channel 8. The water inlet channel 7 is connected to the cooling chamber 100; the cooling chamber 100 is connected to the return water chamber 200; and the return water channel 8 is connected to the return water chamber 200. The cooling medium flows from the water inlet channel 7 into the cooling chamber 100, directly wrapping around the outer wall of the cyclone 4, forming a radially close heat conduction path. After absorbing heat, the cooling medium flows from the cooling chamber 100 into the return water chamber 200 between the outer shell 6 and the sleeve 1, and the flow rate is reduced by diffusion through the annular flow channel. On the one hand, a larger volume is used for residual heat buffering, and on the other hand, space is provided for subsequent heat recovery, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the system.

[0044] like Figure 6 As shown, in a feasible embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of through holes 9 are formed on the first end of the sleeve 1 facing away from the shell 6 , and the cooling chamber 100 and the return water chamber 200 are connected through the through holes 9 .

[0045] like Figure 7 As shown, if the airflow direction is upward, water enters from the water inlet channel 7, fills the cooling cavity 100, and then rushes out from the upper through hole 9, cools the head wall by the impact effect, and then flows out from the water return channel 8. Figure 8 As shown, if the airflow direction is downward, water can directly fill the cooling cavity 100 after entering from the water inlet channel 7 and then flow out from the water return channel 8, which can effectively reduce the temperature of the head wall.

[0046] In one feasible embodiment of the present invention, the ceramic material is used to address material failure issues under ultra-high temperature, severe corrosion, and high-wear conditions. Its long life and maintenance-free nature significantly reduce operating costs and resource consumption. Furthermore, in scenarios such as plasma-assisted combustion and electric heating ignition, the insulating properties of carbon ceramics prevent current leakage, ensuring system safety. Ceramic materials have a wide thermal conductivity range and are used on combustion chamber walls to reduce heat loss to the cooling system and improve combustion efficiency. The high-temperature and corrosion-resistant properties of ceramics make them suitable for zero-carbon combustion systems, such as those using pure hydrogen fuel.

[0047] The burner provided by the present invention is described below. The burner described below and the head of the hydrogen-oxygen direct burner with liquid water accompanying flow described above can correspond to each other.

[0048] The present invention provides a burner comprising a hydrogen-oxygen direct burner head with hydraulic water accompanying flow as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0049] The burner provided by the present invention includes the oxyhydrogen direct burner head with hydraulic water flow as described above. By adding liquid water to the head and increasing its evaporation rate through pneumatic atomization, the flame temperature of oxyhydrogen combustion is significantly reduced, while having a good flame stabilization effect. By reasonably adjusting the amount of liquid water added, a good combustion effect can be obtained while effectively protecting the combustion chamber.

[0050] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; and direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0051] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "mode", "specific mode", or "some modes" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or mode are included in at least one embodiment or mode of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or mode. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or modes in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or modes and features of different embodiments or modes described in this specification without contradiction.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen-oxygen direct burner head with liquid water accompanying flow, characterized in that: include: Sleeve (1); The oxygen channel (2) and the hydrogen channel (3) are independently provided, and the oxygen channel (2) and the hydrogen channel (3) are both provided on the sleeve (1); A cyclone (4) is connected to the sleeve (1), and an annular channel is formed between the cyclone (4) and the sleeve (1), the inner channel of the cyclone (4) is in communication with the hydrogen channel (3), and the annular channel is in communication with the oxygen channel (2); The nozzle (5) passes through the sleeve (1), and the water inlet of the nozzle (5) is connected to the water source, and the water outlet of the nozzle (5) is connected to the inner channel of the cyclone (4).

2. The oxyhydrogen direct burner head with liquid water accompanying flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone (4) is a two-stage axial cyclone, comprising: a venturi tube (41), the inner side of which is in communication with the hydrogen passage (3); The inner swirl blade (42) and the outer swirl blade (43) are respectively arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the venturi tube (41); hydrogen enters the inner side of the venturi tube (41) after passing through the inner swirl blade (42); oxygen enters the annular channel after passing through the outer swirl blade (43).

3. The oxyhydrogen direct burner head with liquid water accompanying flow according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner swirl number of the cyclone (4) is 0.6, and the outer swirl number is 0.

3.

4. The oxyhydrogen direct burner head with liquid water accompanying flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle (5) has a plurality of spray holes (51), and the plurality of spray holes (51) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the nozzle (5).

5. The oxyhydrogen direct burner head with liquid water accompanying flow according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spray hole (51) is of direct injection type, the aperture of the spray hole (51) is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the spray cone angle of the spray hole is 60°.

6. The oxyhydrogen direct burner head with liquid water accompanying flow according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The invention also includes a cooling structure, wherein the cooling structure is used to reduce the temperature of the outer wall of the cyclone.

7. The oxyhydrogen direct burner head with liquid water accompanying flow according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cooling structure comprises: An outer shell (6) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sleeve (1), and the outer shell (6) is connected to the bottom end of the sleeve (1), and the inner side of the sleeve (1) is a cooling cavity (100); a water return cavity (200) is formed between the outer shell (6) and the sleeve (1); A water inlet channel (7) and a water return channel (8) are provided at the first end of the housing (6); the water inlet channel (7) is in communication with the cooling cavity (100); the cooling cavity (100) is in communication with the water return cavity (200); and the water return channel (8) is in communication with the water return cavity (200).

8. The oxyhydrogen direct burner head with liquid water accompanying flow according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of through holes (9) are formed on the first end of the sleeve (1) facing away from the housing (6).

9. The oxyhydrogen direct burner head with liquid water accompanying flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: Made of ceramic material.

10. A burner, characterized in that: A hydrogen-oxygen direct burner head with liquid water accompanying flow comprising the liquid water accompanying flow according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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