A model box simulating a coseismic stick-slip and a method of using the same

Abstract

The application discloses a model box for simulating coseismic stick-slip dislocation, which mainly comprises a loading device, the loading device comprises two seismic fault test equipment loading tables, and the two seismic fault test equipment loading tables are provided with a spacing space; a vertical simulation device, the vertical simulation device comprises a plurality of vertical stacked frames, and one end of each vertical stacked frame is vertically arranged in the spacing space; a horizontal simulation device, the horizontal simulation device comprises two groups of horizontal stacked frames and two sets of stacked blocks, the two groups of horizontal stacked frames are symmetrically arranged on the two seismic fault test equipment loading tables; and each set of stacked blocks is arranged adjacent to the two groups of horizontal stacked frames. The application further provides a use method of the model box for simulating coseismic stick-slip dislocation. Compared with the prior art, the model box for simulating coseismic stick-slip dislocation can be used for simulating coseismic stick-slip dislocation across a fault zone, and three-dimensional deformation characteristics of overburden soil layers across the fault zone are obtained.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of structural dynamic response test under the action of cross-fault seismic vibration, in particular to a model box for simulating coseismic stick-slip dislocation and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of geotechnical and underground engineering, more and more large underground projects inevitably need to be constructed in fault zones. For cross-buried fault projects, it can be understood as the combined effect of relative displacement caused by foundation failure due to fault dislocation and vibration damage caused by strong seismic vibration. The seismic disaster problem of cross-buried fault shield tunnel is one of the most complex and difficult topics in the field of general tunnel seismic resistance research, and the related research is seriously lagging behind the engineering demand. Therefore, it is urgent to study the response behavior and disaster mechanism of cross-buried fault shield tunnel under the coupling action of strong earthquake and dislocation, clarify the ambiguous understanding, and provide scientific basis and technical support for the earthquake prevention and disaster reduction of cross-buried fault shield tunnel, a major lifeline project in China.

[0003] Physical model test is an effective way to study the seismic disaster problem of cross-buried fault projects. The model box of the physical model test needs to reasonably simulate the vertical dislocation deformation and horizontal vibration deformation of the overlying soil layer of the cross-fault zone. At present, for the research on cross-fault projects or seismic action, a stack box is arranged in the vertical direction to simulate the vertical dislocation deformation of the fault zone soil layer, or a stack box is arranged horizontally to simulate the horizontal vibration deformation of the overlying soil layer of the cross-fault zone. This kind of box design can only simulate single-direction soil deformation, and cannot effectively simulate the three-dimensional deformation characteristics of the overlying soil layer of the cross-fault zone under the coupling action of vertical dislocation and horizontal vibration under the action of coseismic stick-slip dislocation.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a model box for simulating coseismic stick-slip dislocation, so as to achieve the technical effect of effectively simulating the three-dimensional deformation characteristics of the overlying soil layer of the cross-fault zone under the coupling action of vertical dislocation and horizontal vibration, is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the problems in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a model box for simulating coseismic stick-slip dislocation, so as to achieve the technical effect of effectively simulating the three-dimensional deformation characteristics of the overlying soil layer of the cross-fault zone under the coupling action of vertical dislocation and horizontal vibration, which is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the application provides a model box for simulating co-seismic stick-slip dislocation, which comprises a loading device, a vertical simulation device and a horizontal simulation device.

[0007] In the first aspect, the loading device further comprises a plurality of guide rails, a plurality of the guide rails are located in the interval space, the plurality of the guide rails are distributed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of the vertical stacking frames, and one end of each of the vertical stacking frames is located on a corresponding one of the guide rails; a plurality of groups of first hydraulic jacks, the plurality of groups of the first hydraulic jacks are distributed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of the guide rails, and each group of the first hydraulic jacks comprises a plurality of the first hydraulic jacks, and the plurality of the first hydraulic jacks of each group are uniformly and separately arranged along a corresponding one of the vertical stacking frames.

[0008] In the first aspect, each group of the horizontal stacking frames comprises a plurality of the horizontal stacking frames, and each of the horizontal stacking frames has an open rectangular frame structure; the plurality of the horizontal stacking frames are arranged in a stacked manner, and a first neoprene rubber pad adapted to any one of the horizontal stacking frames is arranged between any two adjacent horizontal stacking frames.

[0009] In the first aspect, the horizontal simulation device further comprises two sets of fixers, the two sets of fixers are distributed in one-to-one correspondence with the two sets of horizontal stacks, each set of fixers is located at one end of the corresponding set of horizontal stacks away from the spacing space; each set of fixers comprises two fixers, the two fixers are arranged at one end of the corresponding set of horizontal stacks; each fixer is in a columnar structure, one end of each fixer is fixed on the two seismic fault test equipment loading tables respectively; a plurality of smooth rails are arranged on each fixer along the axial direction of the fixer, the plurality of smooth rails are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of horizontal stacks of the corresponding set of horizontal stacks, and each smooth rail abuts against and can smoothly slide with respect to the corresponding horizontal stack.

[0010] In the first aspect, each set of stacks comprises a plurality of first stacks and two sets of second stacks, the plurality of first stacks is located between the two sets of second stacks, the plurality of first stacks is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of vertical stacks, each set of first stacks comprises a plurality of first stacks, and the plurality of first stacks are arranged in adjacent stacks; a second neoprene pad adapted to any one of the first stacks is arranged between any two adjacent first stacks; the width of each first stack and each second stack in the vertical direction is the same as the width of each horizontal stack in the vertical direction, and the width of each first stack and each second stack in the horizontal direction is the same as the width of each vertical stack in the horizontal direction.

[0011] In the first aspect, each set of second stacks is distributed in one-to-one correspondence with each set of horizontal stacks; each set of second stacks comprises a plurality of second stacks, the plurality of second stacks are arranged in adjacent stacks, each second stack located on one side and adjacent to the horizontal stack abuts against one open end of the corresponding horizontal stack; a third neoprene pad adapted to any one of the second stacks is arranged between any two adjacent second stacks; a fourth neoprene pad adapted to any one of the second stacks is arranged between any adjacent second stack and the horizontal stack.

[0012] In the first aspect, the vertical simulation device further comprises two steel support frames, each of which is in the shape of an open rectangular frame, and two steel support frames are fixed on two seismic fault test equipment loading tables respectively, two steel support frames are located on both sides of several vertical stacked frames, the edge frame of one steel support frame is in contact with one vertical stacked frame located on one side, and the edge frame of the other steel support frame is in contact with one vertical stacked frame located on one side; a fifth chloroprene rubber pad adapted to any one of the vertical stacked frames is arranged between any two adjacent vertical stacked frames; the vertical simulation device further comprises two sets of second hydraulic jacks, two sets of second hydraulic jacks are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the symmetry axis of two groups of horizontal stacked frames, each set of second hydraulic jacks comprises two groups of second hydraulic jacks, two groups of second hydraulic jacks are distributed one-to-one corresponding to two groups of horizontal stacked frames, each group of second hydraulic jacks comprises several second hydraulic jacks, and the several second hydraulic jacks in each group are distributed one-to-one corresponding to the several horizontal stacked frames in the corresponding group of horizontal stacked frames; the two open ends of each horizontal stacked frame in each group are located between the two vertical inner end faces of an adjacent steel support frame, one end of each second hydraulic jack is in contact with a corresponding horizontal stacked frame, and the other end of each second hydraulic jack is vertically fixed to the two vertical inner end faces of an adjacent steel support frame.

[0013] In the first aspect, the vertical simulation device further comprises two sets of third hydraulic jacks, two sets of third hydraulic jacks are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the symmetry axis of two groups of horizontal stacked frames, each set of third hydraulic jacks comprises several groups of third hydraulic jacks, and several groups of third hydraulic jacks are distributed one-to-one corresponding to several vertical stacked frames; each group of third hydraulic jacks comprises several third hydraulic jacks, and the several third hydraulic jacks in each group are uniformly spaced along the inner end face of the vertical side of a corresponding vertical stacked frame; one end of each third hydraulic jack is fixedly connected with a corresponding vertical stacked frame; each group of third hydraulic jacks is arranged one-to-one corresponding to each group of first stacked blocks, and the other end of each third hydraulic jack is in contact with a corresponding first stacked block.

[0014] In the first aspect, the vertical simulation device further comprises: two sets of fourth hydraulic jacks, the two sets of fourth hydraulic jacks are symmetrically arranged along the central axes of the two groups of symmetric axes of the horizontal frames, each set of fourth hydraulic jacks comprises two groups of fourth hydraulic jacks, the two groups of fourth hydraulic jacks are distributed in one-to-one correspondence with the two steel support frames, each group of fourth hydraulic jacks comprises a plurality of fourth hydraulic jacks, the plurality of fourth hydraulic jacks in each group are uniformly arranged along the inner end surface of the vertical side of the corresponding steel support frame, and one end of each fourth hydraulic jack is fixedly connected with the corresponding steel support frame; wherein each group of fourth hydraulic jacks is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each group of second blocks, and the other end of each fourth hydraulic jack is in abutment with the corresponding second block.

[0015] The application further provides a use method of the model box for simulating co-seismic stick-slip dislocation, which is used for the model box for simulating co-seismic stick-slip dislocation, and the use method comprises the following steps: installing the model box for simulating co-seismic stick-slip dislocation; filling model soil layers in the model box for simulating co-seismic stick-slip dislocation, so that the supporting force of each second hydraulic jack is equal to the ground reaction force at the buried depth of the corresponding model soil layer of the corresponding horizontal frame, the supporting force of each third hydraulic jack is equal to the ground reaction force at the buried depth of the corresponding model soil layer of the corresponding first block, the supporting force of each fourth hydraulic jack is equal to the ground reaction force at the buried depth of the corresponding model soil layer of the corresponding second block, and the supporting force of each first hydraulic jack is equal to the gravity at the depth of the model soil layer; simulating co-seismic stick-slip dislocation by using a loading table of a seismic fault test equipment, monitoring the displacement change data of each vertical frame, each first block, each second block and each horizontal frame, and drawing a deformation diagram of the model soil layers in the process of simulating co-seismic stick-slip dislocation by using the data.

[0016] Advantages:

[0017] The model box for simulating coseismic stick-slip dislocation mainly comprises a loading device, a vertical simulation device and a horizontal simulation device, wherein the loading device comprises a seismic fault test equipment loading table, a guide rail and a first hydraulic jack, the seismic fault test equipment loading table is mainly used for simulating coseismic stick-slip dislocation, and the interval space is the main dislocation area; the vertical simulation device comprises a vertical stack frame and a steel support frame, the vertical stack frame is supported by the guide rail and can slide on the guide rail during the dislocation test, the guide rail not only has a supporting effect on the vertical stack frame, but also reduces the friction between the guide rail and the vertical stack frame, so that the test test is more accurate; the steel support frame is fixed on the seismic fault test equipment loading table and located on both sides of the vertical stack frame, and is used for fixing the vertical stack frame in the X direction to avoid the movement of the vertical stack frame in the X direction during the dislocation test and affect the test test; the horizontal simulation device mainly comprises a horizontal stack frame and a stack block, the horizontal stack frame is installed along the X direction, the horizontal stack frame is located on both sides of the stack block and connected with the stack block to form a rectangular cuboid stack ring; the two open end portions of each horizontal stack frame, i.e. the contact end of the horizontal stack frame and the stack block, are located between the two side supports of the steel support frame; the vertical simulation device further comprises a second hydraulic jack, a third hydraulic jack and a fourth hydraulic jack, the stack block comprises a first stack block and a second stack block, the second stack block is located on both sides of the first stack block, the position of the first stack block corresponds to the vertical stack frame, and the position of the second stack block corresponds to the position of the steel support frame; the second hydraulic jack is connected with the steel support frame and the horizontal stack frame, the third hydraulic jack is connected with the first stack block and the vertical stack frame, and the fourth hydraulic jack is connected with the second stack block and the steel support frame; the second hydraulic jack is located on one side of the fourth hydraulic jack, and the second hydraulic jack, the third hydraulic jack and the fourth hydraulic jack are all used for simulating the side constraint condition of the soil body during the dislocation test to avoid affecting the dislocation test; the top supporting force of the second hydraulic jack, the third hydraulic jack and the fourth hydraulic jack is set to be the same as the resultant force of the soil layer deep ground stress corresponding to the horizontal stack frame, the first stack block and the second stack block, so as to constrain the lateral displacement of the soil body; in the model box for simulating coseismic stick-slip dislocation, the soil body is filled in the model box before the test, and the vertical stack frame slides in the Y direction along the Z direction during the dislocation process, so that the first stack block, the second stack block and the horizontal stack frame slide in the Y direction along the Z direction during the dislocation process; the displacement change of the vertical stack frame, the second stack block and the horizontal stack frame in the Y direction can know the deformation of the soil layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present specification or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only represent some of the embodiments of the present specification, and do not represent all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present specification, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present specification.

[0019] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the model box for simulating coseismic stick-slip faulting according to the present application;

[0020] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the model box for simulating coseismic stick-slip faulting according to the present application;

[0021] Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the model box for simulating coseismic stick-slip faulting according to the present application.

[0022] Reference signs:

[0023] 1, loading device; 11, loading table of seismic faulting test equipment; 12, guide rail; 13, first hydraulic jack;

[0024] 2, vertical simulation device; 21, vertical stack frame; 22, steel support frame; 23, second hydraulic jack; 24, third hydraulic jack; 25, fourth hydraulic jack;

[0025] 3, horizontal simulation device; 31, horizontal stack frame; 32, stack block; 321, first stack block; 322, second stack block; 33, fixer;

[0026] 001, spacing space. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present specification will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present specification. Obviously, the described embodiments only represent some of the embodiments of the present specification, and not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present specification, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present specification.

[0028] Embodiment one

[0029] As Figs. 1-3The embodiment one provides a model box for simulating co-seismic stick-slip dislocation, which comprises a loading device 1, the loading device 1 comprises two seismic fault test equipment loading tables 11, the two seismic fault test equipment loading tables 11 are symmetrically arranged on a horizontal plane with a spacing space 001 between the two seismic fault test equipment loading tables 11; a vertical simulation device 2, the vertical simulation device 2 comprises a plurality of vertical stacked frames 21, each vertical stacked frame 21 is in a rectangular frame structure, any two adjacent vertical stacked frames 21 are in contact, and one end of each vertical stacked frame 21 is vertically arranged in the spacing space 001; a horizontal simulation device 3, the horizontal simulation device 3 comprises two groups of horizontal stacked frames 31 and two sets of stacked blocks 32, each group of horizontal stacked frames 31 is in an open rectangular frame structure, the two groups of horizontal stacked frames 31 are symmetrically arranged on the two seismic fault test equipment loading tables 11 with the spacing space 001 as the symmetric axis, and the two groups of horizontal stacked frames 31 are located on the two sides of the plurality of vertical stacked frames 21; each set of stacked blocks 32 is arranged adjacent to the two groups of horizontal stacked frames 31, and each set of stacked blocks 32 is located between the openings of the two groups of horizontal stacked frames 31; each group of horizontal stacked frames 31 has two opening ends at the opening; one end of each set of stacked blocks 32 abuts against one opening end of an adjacent group of horizontal stacked frames 31, and the other end of each set of stacked blocks 32 abuts against one opening end of the other adjacent group of horizontal stacked frames 31.

[0030] The model box for simulating coseismic stick-slip faulting mainly comprises a loading device, a vertical simulation device and a horizontal simulation device, wherein the loading device comprises a seismic fault test equipment loading table, a guide rail and a first hydraulic jack, the seismic fault test equipment loading table is mainly used for simulating coseismic stick-slip faulting, and the interval space is the main faulting area; the vertical simulation device comprises a vertical stack frame and a steel support frame, the vertical stack frame is supported by the guide rail and can slide on the guide rail during the faulting test, the guide rail not only has a supporting effect on the vertical stack frame, but also reduces the friction between the guide rail and the vertical stack frame, so that the test and measurement are more accurate; the steel support frame is fixed on the seismic fault test equipment loading table and located on both sides of the vertical stack frame, and is used for fixing the vertical stack frame in the X direction to avoid the movement of the vertical stack frame in the X direction during the faulting test and affect the test and measurement; the horizontal simulation device mainly comprises a horizontal stack frame and a stack block, the horizontal stack frame is installed along the X direction, the horizontal stack frame is located on both sides of the stack block and connected with the stack block to form a cuboid stack ring; the two open end portions of each horizontal stack frame, i.e. the contact ends of the horizontal stack frame and the stack block, are located between the two side supports of the steel support frame; the vertical simulation device further comprises a second hydraulic jack, a third hydraulic jack and a fourth hydraulic jack, the stack block comprises a first stack block and a second stack block, the second stack block is located on both sides of the first stack block, the position of the first stack block corresponds to the vertical stack frame, and the position of the second stack block corresponds to the position of the steel support frame; the second hydraulic jack is connected with the steel support frame and the horizontal stack frame, the third hydraulic jack is connected with the first stack block and the vertical stack frame, and the fourth hydraulic jack is connected with the second stack block and the steel support frame; the second hydraulic jack is located on one side of the fourth hydraulic jack, and the second hydraulic jack, the third hydraulic jack and the fourth hydraulic jack are all used for simulating the lateral constraint condition of the soil body during the faulting test to avoid affecting the faulting test; the top supporting forces of the second hydraulic jack, the third hydraulic jack and the fourth hydraulic jack are respectively set to be the same as the resultant force of the soil layer deep ground stress corresponding to the horizontal stack frame, the first stack block and the second stack block, so as to constrain the lateral displacement of the soil body; in the model box for simulating coseismic stick-slip faulting, the soil body is filled in the model box before the test, and the vertical stack frame slides in the Y direction along the Z direction during the faulting process, so that the first stack block, the second stack block and the horizontal stack frame slide in the Y direction along the Z direction during the faulting process; the displacement change of the vertical stack frame, the second stack block and the horizontal stack frame in the Y direction can know the deformation of the soil layer.

[0031] In some possible implementation manners, the loading device 1 further comprises: a plurality of guide rails 12, the plurality of guide rails 12 are located in the interval space 001, the plurality of guide rails 12 are distributed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of vertical stacked frames 21, and one end of each vertical stacked frame 21 is located on a corresponding guide rail 12; a plurality of groups of first hydraulic jacks 13, the plurality of groups of first hydraulic jacks 13 are distributed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of guide rails 12, each group of first hydraulic jacks 13 comprises a plurality of first hydraulic jacks 13, and the plurality of first hydraulic jacks 13 in each group are uniformly and separately arranged along the corresponding vertical stacked frame 21; each group of horizontal stacked frames 31 comprises a plurality of horizontal stacked frames 31, each horizontal stacked frame 31 is in the form of an open rectangular frame structure; and a plurality of horizontal stacked frames 31 are arranged in a stacked manner, and a first neoprene rubber pad adapted to any horizontal stacked frame 31 is arranged between any two adjacent horizontal stacked frames 31.

[0032] Specifically, the guide rail is used for supporting the vertical stacked frame and facilitating sliding of the vertical stacked frame on the guide rail during simulation of the fault movement, reducing friction of the vertical stacked frame on the guide rail during sliding, and making the simulation test more accurate; the first hydraulic jack is used for supporting the guide rail to support the soil filled in the simulation box; the horizontal stacked frame is in the form of an open rectangular frame structure with one side missing; and the first neoprene rubber pad is arranged between the horizontal stacked frames, so that the horizontal stacked frames can relatively move during the fault movement.

[0033] In some possible implementation manners, the horizontal simulation device further comprises two groups of fixers 33, the two groups of fixers 33 are distributed in one-to-one correspondence with the two groups of horizontal stacked frames 31, each group of fixers 33 is located at one end of a corresponding group of horizontal stacked frames 31 away from the interval space 001; each group of fixers 33 comprises two fixers 33, and the two fixers 33 are separately arranged at one end of a corresponding group of horizontal stacked frames 31; each fixer 33 is in the form of a columnar structure, one end of each fixer 33 is fixed to two seismic fault test equipment loading tables 11 respectively; and a plurality of smooth tracks are arranged on each fixer 33 along the axial direction of the fixer 33, the plurality of smooth tracks are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of horizontal stacked frames 31 of a corresponding group of horizontal stacked frames 31, and each smooth track abuts against and smoothly slides with a corresponding horizontal stacked frame 31.

[0034] Specifically, the fixer is used for fixing the horizontal stacked frame in the X direction, avoiding sliding of the horizontal stacked frame in the X direction during the fault movement, and affecting the accuracy of the simulation test, and meanwhile, the smooth track on the fixer can reduce the friction between the fixer and the horizontal stacked frame, so that the simulation test is more accurate.

[0035] In some possible implementations, each set of the stacks 32 includes a plurality of groups of first stacks 321 and two groups of second stacks 322, the plurality of groups of the first stacks 321 are located between the two groups of the second stacks 322, the plurality of groups of the first stacks 321 are arranged one-to-one with the plurality of vertical stacks 21, each group of the first stacks 321 includes a plurality of the first stacks 321, and the plurality of the first stacks 321 are arranged adjacently and in a stack; a second neoprene pad adapted to any one of the first stacks 321 is arranged between any two adjacent first stacks 321; the width of each first stack 321 and each second stack 322 in the vertical direction is the same as the width of each horizontal stack 31 in the vertical direction, and the width of each first stack 321 and each second stack 322 in the horizontal direction is the same as the width of each vertical stack 21 in the horizontal direction; each group of the second stacks 322 is distributed one-to-one with each group of the horizontal stacks 21; each group of the second stacks 322 includes a plurality of the second stacks 322, and the plurality of the second stacks 322 are arranged adjacently and in a stack; each second stack 322 located on one side and adjacent to the horizontal stack 31 abuts against one open end of the corresponding horizontal stack 31; a third neoprene pad adapted to any one of the second stacks 322 is arranged between any two adjacent second stacks 322; and a fourth neoprene pad adapted to any one of the second stacks 322 is arranged between any adjacent second stack 322 and the horizontal stack 31.

[0036] Specifically, the plurality of first stacks are arranged adjacently and in a stack, the first stacks form a face with the same overall width as the plurality of vertical stacks and the same overall height as the plurality of horizontal stacks; the plurality of second stacks are arranged adjacently and in a stack, the second stacks form faces on the left and right sides of the first stacks, with the same overall height as the plurality of horizontal stacks and a width smaller than that of the steel support frame; the open end of the horizontal stack abuts against the second stack located on the outermost side, and the horizontal stack, the vertical stack, the first stack, the second stack, and the related neoprene pads form a closed rectangular stack ring, which, in combination with the vertical stack and the loading table of the earthquake fault test equipment, forms a closed rectangular space for filling the soil layer; the second neoprene pad, the third neoprene pad, and the fourth neoprene pad are all used to reduce friction, so that the first stacks, the second stacks, and the second stacks and the horizontal stacks can relatively dislocate and slip with the deformation of the soil layer.

[0037] In some possible implementation manners, the vertical simulation device 2 further comprises two steel support frames 22, each of the steel support frames 22 is in the form of an open rectangular frame structure, the two steel support frames 22 are respectively fixed on the two seismic fault test equipment loading tables 11, the two steel support frames 22 are respectively located on the two sides of the vertical stacked frames 21, the edge frame of one of the steel support frames 22 abuts against one of the vertical stacked frames 21 located on one side, and the edge frame of the other steel support frame 22 abuts against one of the vertical stacked frames 21 located on one side; a fifth chloroprene rubber pad adapted to any one of the vertical stacked frames 21 is arranged between any two adjacent vertical stacked frames 21; the vertical simulation device 2 further comprises two sets of second hydraulic jacks 23, the two sets of second hydraulic jacks 23 are symmetrically arranged along the central axes of the symmetry axes of the two groups of horizontal stacked frames 31, each set of the second hydraulic jacks 23 comprises two groups of the second hydraulic jacks 23, the two groups of the second hydraulic jacks 23 are distributed in one-to-one correspondence with the two groups of the horizontal stacked frames 31, each group of the second hydraulic jacks 23 comprises a plurality of the second hydraulic jacks 23, and the plurality of the second hydraulic jacks 23 in each group are distributed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of the horizontal stacked frames 31 in the corresponding group of the horizontal stacked frames 31; the two open end portions of each of the horizontal stacked frames 31 in each group are located between the two vertical side inner end faces of an adjacent steel support frame 22, one end of each of the second hydraulic jacks 23 is in contact connection with the corresponding horizontal stacked frame 31, and the other end of each of the second hydraulic jacks 23 is vertically fixed to the two vertical side inner end faces of an adjacent steel support frame 22; the vertical simulation device 2 further comprises two sets of third hydraulic jacks 24, the two sets of third hydraulic jacks 24 are symmetrically arranged along the central axes of the symmetry axes of the two groups of the horizontal stacked frames 31, each set of the third hydraulic jacks 24 comprises a plurality of groups of the third hydraulic jacks 24, the plurality of groups of the third hydraulic jacks 24 are distributed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of vertical stacked frames 21, each group of the third hydraulic jacks 24 comprises a plurality of third hydraulic jacks 24, the plurality of third hydraulic jacks 24 in each group are uniformly and spacedly arranged along the inner end face of the vertical side of the corresponding vertical stacked frame 21, and one end of each of the third hydraulic jacks 24 is fixedly connected with the corresponding vertical stacked frame 21; each group of the third hydraulic jacks 24 is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each group of the first stacked blocks 321, and the other end of each of the third hydraulic jacks 24 abuts against the corresponding first stacked block 321.

[0038] Specifically, the fifth chloroprene rubber pad is used to reduce friction, so that the vertical stack frame can relatively slide with the deformation of the soil layer; the second hydraulic jack and the third hydraulic jack are used to simulate the side constraint condition of the soil body, so as to avoid affecting the fault test, and the second hydraulic jack and the third hydraulic jack are set to have the same size of the resultant force of the deep ground stress of the soil layer corresponding to the horizontal stack frame and the first stack block, so as to constrain the lateral displacement of the soil body; the third hydraulic jack, the vertical stack frame and the corresponding first stack block constitute a whole, and when the fault occurs, the deformation of the soil layer causes the whole constituted by the third hydraulic jack, the vertical stack frame and the corresponding first stack block to slide in the Y direction along the Z direction.

[0039] In some possible implementations, the vertical simulation device 2 further includes two sets of fourth hydraulic jacks 25, the two sets of fourth hydraulic jacks 25 are symmetrically arranged along the central axes of the symmetry axes of the two groups of horizontal stack frames 31, each set of fourth hydraulic jacks 25 includes two groups of fourth hydraulic jacks 25, the two groups of fourth hydraulic jacks 25 are distributed in one-to-one correspondence with the two steel support frames 22, each group of fourth hydraulic jacks 25 includes a plurality of fourth hydraulic jacks 25, the plurality of fourth hydraulic jacks 25 in each group are uniformly spaced along the inner end surface of the vertical side of the corresponding steel support frame 22, and one end of each fourth hydraulic jack 25 is fixedly connected with the corresponding steel support frame 22; wherein each group of fourth hydraulic jacks 25 is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each group of second stack blocks 322, and the other end of each fourth hydraulic jack 25 abuts against the corresponding second stack block 322.

[0040] Specifically, the fourth hydraulic jack is used to simulate the side constraint condition of the soil body in the fault test, so as to avoid affecting the fault test, and the jacking force of the fourth hydraulic jack is set to be the same as the resultant force of the deep ground stress of the soil layer corresponding to the second stack block, so as to constrain the lateral displacement of the soil body.

[0041] Embodiment two

[0042] As Figs. 1-3As shown, the second embodiment of the present application provides a use method of the model box for simulating co-seismic stick-slip, which is used for the use of the model box for simulating co-seismic stick-slip in the first embodiment. The use method comprises: installing the model box for simulating co-seismic stick-slip; filling the model soil layer in the model box for simulating co-seismic stick-slip, so that the ground reaction force at the buried depth of the model soil layer corresponding to each second hydraulic jack jacking force is the same as that corresponding to one horizontal stack frame, the ground reaction force at the buried depth of the model soil layer corresponding to each third hydraulic jack jacking force is the same as that corresponding to one first stack block, the ground reaction force at the buried depth of the model soil layer corresponding to the jacking force of each fourth hydraulic jack is the same as that corresponding to one second stack block, and the jacking force of each first hydraulic jack is consistent with the gravity corresponding to the depth of the model soil layer; simulating co-seismic stick-slip through the loading table of the seismic fault test equipment, monitoring the displacement change data of each vertical stack frame, each first stack block, each second stack block and each horizontal stack frame, and drawing the deformation diagram of the model soil layer in the process of simulating co-seismic stick-slip through the data.

[0043] Specifically, the guide rail and the first hydraulic jack are installed in the interval space between two seismic fault test equipment loading tables, then the vertical stacked frame is installed, and the steel support frame is fixed on both sides of the vertical stacked frame, wherein the interval space is the main dislocation area of the test, the steel support frame is used to fix the vertical stacked frame in the X direction to prevent the vertical stacked frame from sliding in the X direction during the test and affecting the test results, and the guide rail is used to support the vertical stacked frame and facilitate the sliding of the vertical stacked frame in the Y direction during the test; then the first stacked block and the second stacked block are installed inside the vertical stacked frame, and the third hydraulic jack is used to connect the vertical stacked frame and the first stacked block, and the fourth hydraulic jack is used to connect the steel support frame and the second stacked block; the overall width of the vertical stacked frame after installation is the same as the overall width of the first stacked block after installation, a second neoprene rubber pad adapted to any one of the first stacked blocks is arranged between any two adjacent first stacked blocks, a third neoprene rubber pad adapted to any one of the second stacked blocks is arranged between any two adjacent second stacked blocks, and a fifth neoprene rubber pad adapted to any one of the vertical stacked frames is arranged between any two adjacent vertical stacked frames; then the horizontal stacked frame and the fixer are installed on both sides of the second stacked frame, and the second hydraulic jack is used to connect the horizontal stacked frame and the steel support frame, thereby completing the installation of the model box for simulating the coseismic stick-slip dislocation, a first neoprene rubber pad adapted to any one of the horizontal stacked frames is arranged between any two adjacent horizontal stacked frames, and a fourth neoprene rubber pad adapted to any one of the second stacked blocks is arranged between any one of the second stacked blocks and the horizontal stacked frame; the installation of the first neoprene rubber pad, the second neoprene rubber pad, the third neoprene rubber pad, and the fourth neoprene rubber pad allows the relative dislocation and sliding between the stacked blocks, between the stacked blocks and the horizontal stacked frame, and between the stacked blocks and the vertical stacked frame to occur with the deformation of the soil layer during the test, thereby reducing the relative friction and making the test more accurate; after the installation is completed, the height of the first stacked frame as a whole and the height of the second stacked frame as a whole are the same as the height of the horizontal stacked frame, and in the test, the size of the horizontal stacked frame, the vertical stacked frame, the first stacked block, and the second stacked block can be adjusted under the premise of meeting the size requirements of the assembled components according to the characteristics and simulation accuracy of the filled simulated soil layer and the depth of the soil layer, wherein the higher the filled soil layer, the higher the height of the assembled first stacked block, second stacked block, and horizontal stacked frame; the supporting force of each second hydraulic jack is the same as the ground reaction force at the buried depth of the corresponding model soil layer of the corresponding horizontal stacked frame, the supporting force of each third hydraulic jack is the same as the ground reaction force at the buried depth of the corresponding model soil layer of the corresponding first stacked block, and the supporting force of each fourth hydraulic jack is the same as the ground reaction force at the buried depth of the corresponding model soil layer of the corresponding second stacked block, and the supporting forces of the three hydraulic jacks are used to simulate the side constraint conditions of the soil body.The depth of the model soil layer supported by the combined force of each first hydraulic jack is consistent with the gravity for supporting the soil filled in the model box; for the displacement change monitoring of each vertical stacking frame, each first stacking block, each second stacking block and each horizontal stacking frame, displacement sensors can be installed on the vertical stacking frame, the first stacking block, the second stacking block and the horizontal stacking frame to measure, or high-definition cameras can be arranged outside the model box to record.

[0044] It should be noted that the use method of the model box for simulating coseismic stick-slip dislocation in this embodiment is used for the model box for simulating coseismic stick-slip dislocation in embodiment one, so the performance principle of the model box for simulating coseismic stick-slip dislocation is not repeated here, and the unexplained part can be referred to embodiment one.

[0045] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes without creative labor based on the concept of the present application. Therefore, any technical solution obtained by logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiment based on the prior art according to the concept of the present application shall be within the protection scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A model box for simulating a coseismic stick-slip fault, characterized by, The model box for simulating the coseismic stick-slip fault includes: a loading device (1) including two seismic fault test equipment loading tables (11) symmetrically arranged on a horizontal plane with a spacing space (001) between the two tables; a vertical simulation device (2) including a plurality of vertical stacked frames (21), each of which is in a rectangular frame structure, and any two adjacent vertical stacked frames (21) are in contact with each other, and one end of each vertical stacked frame (21) is vertically arranged in the spacing space (001); a horizontal simulation device (3) including two groups of horizontal stacked frames (31) and two sets of stacked blocks (32), each group of horizontal stacked frames (31) is in an open rectangular frame structure, and the two groups of horizontal stacked frames (31) are symmetrically arranged on the two seismic fault test equipment loading tables (11) with the spacing space (001) as the symmetric axis, and the two groups of horizontal stacked frames (31) are located on both sides of the plurality of vertical stacked frames (21); each set of stacked blocks (32) is arranged adjacent to the two groups of horizontal stacked frames (31), and each set of stacked blocks (32) is located between the openings of the two groups of horizontal stacked frames (31); each group of horizontal stacked frames (31) has two opening ends at the opening; one end of each set of stacked blocks (32) abuts against one opening end of the adjacent group of horizontal stacked frames (31), and the other end of each set of stacked blocks (32) abuts against one opening end of the adjacent group of horizontal stacked frames (31); the loading device (1) further includes: a plurality of guide rails (12) located in the spacing space (001), and the plurality of guide rails (12) are distributed one-to-one with the plurality of vertical stacked frames (21), and one end of each vertical stacked frame (21) is located on a corresponding guide rail (12); a plurality of first hydraulic jacks (13) distributed one-to-one with the plurality of guide rails (12), and each group of first hydraulic jacks (13) includes a plurality of first hydraulic jacks (13), and the plurality of first hydraulic jacks (13) in each group are evenly arranged along the corresponding vertical stacked frame (21); each group of horizontal stacked frames (31) includes a plurality of horizontal stacked frames (31), each of which is in an open rectangular frame structure; the plurality of horizontal stacked frames (31) are arranged in a stacked manner, and any two adjacent horizontal stacked frames (31) are provided with a first neoprene rubber pad matched with any one of the horizontal stacked frames (31). The horizontal simulation device further comprises two groups of fixers (33), the two groups of fixers (33) are distributed in one-to-one correspondence with the two groups of horizontal stack frames (31), each group of fixers (33) is located at one end of the corresponding group of horizontal stack frames (31) away from the spacing space (001); each group of fixers (33) comprises two fixers (33), and the two fixers (33) are arranged at one end of the corresponding group of horizontal stack frames (31) in a spaced manner; each fixer (33) is in a columnar structure, and one end of each fixer (33) is fixed on the two seismic fault test equipment loading tables (11) respectively; a plurality of smooth rails are arranged on each fixer (33) along the axial direction of the fixer (33), the plurality of smooth rails are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of horizontal stack frames (31) of the corresponding group of horizontal stack frames (31), and each smooth rail abuts against and can smoothly slide relative to a corresponding horizontal stack frame (31); Each set of stack blocks (32) comprises a plurality of groups of first stack blocks (321) and two groups of second stack blocks (322), the plurality of groups of first stack blocks (321) are located between the two groups of second stack blocks (322), the plurality of groups of first stack blocks (321) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of vertical stack frames (21), each group of first stack blocks (321) comprises a plurality of first stack blocks (321), and the plurality of first stack blocks (321) are arranged in an adjacent and stacked manner; a second chloroprene rubber pad matched with any one of the first stack blocks (321) is arranged between any two adjacent first stack blocks (321); the width of each first stack block (321) and each second stack block (322) in the vertical direction is the same as the width of each horizontal stack frame (31) in the vertical direction, and the width of each first stack block (321) and each second stack block (322) in the horizontal direction is the same as the width of each vertical stack frame (21) in the horizontal direction; Each group of second stack blocks (322) is distributed in one-to-one correspondence with each group of horizontal stack frames (31); each group of second stack blocks (322) comprises a plurality of second stack blocks (322), the plurality of second stack blocks (322) are arranged in an adjacent and stacked manner, and each second stack block (322) located on one side and adjacent to the horizontal stack frame (31) abuts against one opening end of the corresponding horizontal stack frame (31); a third chloroprene rubber pad matched with any one of the second stack blocks (322) is arranged between any two adjacent second stack blocks (322); and a fourth chloroprene rubber pad matched with any one of the second stack blocks (322) is arranged between any adjacent second stack block (322) and the horizontal stack frame (31).

2. The model box for simulating aseismic stick-slip faulting of claim 1, wherein, The vertical simulation device (2) further comprises: Two steel support frames (22), each of the steel support frames (22) is in the form of an open rectangular frame structure, two steel support frames (22) are respectively fixed on two earthquake fault test equipment loading tables (11), two steel support frames (22) are respectively located on both sides of a plurality of vertical stacked frames (21), the edge frame of one steel support frame (22) is in abutment with one vertical stacked frame (21) located on one side, and the edge frame of the other steel support frame (22) is in abutment with one vertical stacked frame (21) located on one side; a fifth chloroprene rubber pad matched with any one vertical stacked frame (21) is arranged between any two adjacent vertical stacked frames (21). The vertical simulation device (2) further comprises two sets of second hydraulic jacks (23), the two sets of second hydraulic jacks (23) are symmetrically arranged along the central axes of the symmetry axes of the two groups of horizontal stacked frames (31), each set of second hydraulic jacks (23) comprises two groups of second hydraulic jacks (23), the two groups of second hydraulic jacks (23) are distributed in one-to-one correspondence with the two groups of horizontal stacked frames (31), each group of second hydraulic jacks (23) comprises a plurality of second hydraulic jacks (23), and the plurality of second hydraulic jacks (23) in each group are distributed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of horizontal stacked frames (31) in the corresponding group of horizontal stacked frames (31); the two open end portions of each horizontal stacked frame (31) in each group are located between the two vertical side inner end faces of an adjacent steel support frame (22), one end of each second hydraulic jack (23) is in contact connection with the corresponding horizontal stacked frame (31), and the other end of each second hydraulic jack (23) is vertically fixed to the two vertical side inner end faces of the adjacent steel support frame (22).

3. The model box for simulating aseismic stick-slip faulting of claim 2, wherein, The vertical simulation device (2) further comprises two sets of third hydraulic jacks (24), the two sets of third hydraulic jacks (24) are symmetrically arranged along the central axes of the symmetry axes of the two groups of horizontal stacked frames (31), each set of third hydraulic jacks (24) comprises a plurality of groups of third hydraulic jacks (24), the plurality of groups of third hydraulic jacks (24) are distributed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of vertical stacked frames (21), each group of third hydraulic jacks (24) comprises a plurality of third hydraulic jacks (24), the plurality of third hydraulic jacks (24) in each group are uniformly and spacedly arranged along the inner end face of the vertical side of the corresponding vertical stacked frame (21), and one end of each third hydraulic jack (24) is fixedly connected with the corresponding vertical stacked frame (21). Each group of third hydraulic jacks (24) is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each group of first stacked blocks (321), and the other end of each third hydraulic jack (24) is in abutment with the corresponding first stacked block (321).

4. The model box for simulating aseismic stick-slip faulting of claim 3, wherein, The vertical simulation device (2) further comprises two sets of fourth hydraulic jacks (25), the two sets of fourth hydraulic jacks (25) are symmetrically arranged along the central axes of the symmetrical axes of the two groups of horizontal stacked frames (31), each set of fourth hydraulic jacks (25) comprises two groups of fourth hydraulic jacks (25), the two groups of fourth hydraulic jacks (25) are distributed one-to-one with the two steel support frames (22), each group of fourth hydraulic jacks (25) comprises a plurality of fourth hydraulic jacks (25), the plurality of fourth hydraulic jacks (25) in each group are uniformly spaced along the inner end surface of the vertical side of the corresponding steel support frame (22), and one end of each fourth hydraulic jack (25) is fixedly connected with the corresponding steel support frame (22). Each group of fourth hydraulic jacks (25) is arranged one-to-one with each group of second stacked blocks (322), and the other end of each fourth hydraulic jack (25) abuts against the corresponding second stacked block (322).

5. The use of a model box simulating aseismic stick-slip for the use of a model box simulating aseismic stick-slip according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The use method comprises: installing a model box for simulating co-seismic stick-slip dislocation; filling the model soil layer in the model box for simulating co-seismic stick-slip dislocation, so that the ground reaction force at the buried depth of the model soil layer corresponding to each second hydraulic jack is the same as the corresponding ground reaction force, the ground reaction force at the buried depth of the model soil layer corresponding to each third hydraulic jack is the same as the corresponding ground reaction force, the ground reaction force at the buried depth of the model soil layer corresponding to each fourth hydraulic jack is the same as the corresponding ground reaction force, and the depth of the model soil layer corresponding to the ground reaction force of each first hydraulic jack is consistent with the gravity; simulating co-seismic stick-slip dislocation through a loading table of a seismic fault test equipment, monitoring the displacement change data of each vertical stacked frame, each first stacked block, each second stacked block and each horizontal stacked frame, and drawing a deformation diagram of the model soil layer in the process of simulating co-seismic stick-slip dislocation through the data.

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