Method for adjusting longitudinal gradient of water tank test

Abstract

The invention discloses a water tank test longitudinal gradient adjusting method which is characterized in that a test water tank is integrally arranged on a long-strip-shaped supporting component, the middle of the lower end of the long-strip-shaped supporting component is installed on the ground in a hinged and supported mode, and water tank test longitudinal gradient adjusting is achieved by adjusting the heights of the two ends of the long-strip-shaped supporting component. The device has the advantages that the longitudinal gradient adjustment of the water tank can be conveniently and quickly realized, the shape type adjustment of the water tank is realized, the test application is greatly expanded, the scientific research and teaching functions are expanded, and the related scientific research and teaching efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water tank tests, and in particular to a method for adjusting a longitudinal gradient of a water tank test. Background Art

[0002] River model testing is a research method based on the principle of similarity, whereby natural rivers or hydraulic structures are scaled down to create models to simulate river water and sediment behavior and engineering problems in the laboratory. A test flume is a specialized facility used to reveal the characteristics of water and sediment movement and the evolution of riverbeds. It is widely used in water and sediment science research and in river model testing and teaching. However, existing test flumes, particularly those used in river model testing, often suffer from the following drawbacks: 1. During flume testing, adjusting the longitudinal gradient requires recasting the flume bottom material or altering the bottom slope by depositing sediment, a time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inconvenient process. 2. Traditional river model testing simulates a variety of river channels, including curved channels, straight channels, and channels with sudden width expansion or contraction. However, test flume structures are typically cast in one piece using concrete. Once constructed, their structure is fixed, offering little scalability or sustainability. Consequently, they are primarily used for scientific research or experimental teaching to determine river channel structure. New river simulation research or experimental teaching requires the construction of a dedicated flume. When experimental sites are limited, the existing tanks often need to be dismantled before they can be constructed. This process not only results in significant waste of manpower and material resources, but also generates a large amount of construction waste, which is completely inconsistent with the concept of "green scientific research." Furthermore, the construction of experimental tanks is often time-consuming, and the repeated dismantling and reconstruction can severely impact the progress of scientific research projects or teaching. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a method for adjusting the longitudinal gradient of a water tank test that can quickly adjust the longitudinal gradient without changing the shape of the water tank, and further enable it to have the characteristic of conveniently adjusting the shape type of the water tank, so that it can expand its scientific research and teaching functions, and thereby improve its related scientific research and teaching efficiency.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, wherein the direction of the water flow is described as the front and the opposite direction is the rear.

[0005] A method for adjusting the longitudinal gradient of a water flume test is characterized in that the test water flume is set as a whole on an elongated support member, the middle part of the lower end of the elongated support member is hingedly supported and installed on the ground, and the longitudinal gradient of the water flume test is adjusted by adjusting the height of the two ends of the elongated support member.

[0006] In this way, the method does not need to change the shape of the test water tank, but adopts an overall tilting method to achieve the longitudinal gradient adjustment of the water tank test, which has the advantages of being convenient, fast and efficient.

[0007] Furthermore, the present method is implemented by means of an adjustable test water trough device, wherein the adjustable test water trough device comprises a supporting base plate, a test water trough is arranged on the upper surface of the supporting base plate, a water trough gradient height adjustment device is arranged below the supporting base plate, the water trough gradient height adjustment device comprises a supporting seat located in the middle of the lower surface of the supporting base plate, the middle part of the supporting base plate is hingedly mounted on the supporting seat so as to be rotatable forward and backward, and a supporting adjustment mechanism capable of realizing height linkage adjustment is also installed downwardly on the lower surfaces of the front and rear ends of the supporting base plate.

[0008] In this way, the middle part of the support base is hinged on the support bracket to form a lever structure, and the height of the front and rear ends of the support base can be adjusted through the support adjustment mechanism. Therefore, without changing the shape of the water tank module, the overall gradient height of the water tank can be directly adjusted and controlled to meet specific test requirements, which is very convenient and quick.

[0009] Furthermore, the support adjustment mechanism includes two piston grooves located below the front and rear ends of the support base plate. The upper ends of the two piston grooves are open and a piston that can slide up and down is horizontally arranged therein. A support rod is vertically arranged upward on the upper end of the piston. The upper end of the support rod is rotatably hinged and supported on the lower surface of the support base plate through a hinge shaft. The piston groove below the piston is filled with hydraulic fluid. The bottoms of the two piston grooves are connected to each other through a horizontally arranged connecting pipe. A switch valve and a hydraulic pump with forward and reverse control function are installed on the connecting pipe.

[0010] In this way, when the water tank's gradient height needs to be adjusted, the on-off valve can be opened, and then the hydraulic pump can be turned on and controlled to rotate forward or reverse, thereby adjusting the hydraulic fluid in the two piston grooves to increase or decrease the volume. The cross-sectional area of the piston grooves is sized so that when the piston in one end of the piston groove is filled with fluid, the distance the piston at the other end is depressed is exactly the amount by which the liquid level in that end of the piston groove is lowered (this can be calculated in advance). In this way, the gradient height of the support base can be adjusted by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the hydraulic pump. This not only simplifies the structure and facilitates control, but also the weight of the water tank, acting on the hydraulic fluid through the pistons at both ends, is offset by the connecting pipe at the left and right positions of the on-off valve. Therefore, the left and right pressure differentials on the on-off valves in the connecting pipes are minimal, greatly ensuring the stability of the device and the reliability of the adjustment. Of course, in practice, the support adjustment mechanism can also be implemented by directly providing a height adjustment mechanism on each side of the support base. However, during water tank testing, the height adjustment mechanism is subjected to the heavy pressure of the water tank for a long time, which can easily lead to instability and failure, resulting in a short service life and poor stability.

[0011] Furthermore, a downward hinge seat is fixedly provided on the lower surface of the front and rear ends of the support base plate, and an arc-shaped hinge hole is provided on the hinge seat to cooperate with the hinge shaft at the upper end of the support rod.

[0012] In this way, during the up and down rotation of the front and rear ends of the supporting base plate, the hinge shaft can match a space for sliding along the arc-shaped hinge hole, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the transmission.

[0013] Furthermore, the hydraulic fluid is water, which is low in cost and readily available.

[0014] Furthermore, an upward elastic bladder is sealed and provided at a peripheral position of the bottom of the piston groove, and the elastic bladder is separated between the piston and the hydraulic fluid.

[0015] This avoids direct contact between the piston and the hydraulic fluid, which would otherwise cause leakage at the gap when the piston is under greater pressure, and greatly improves the stability of the support and adjustment mechanism during operation.

[0016] Furthermore, a sealing connection skin made of waterproof fabric with a U-shaped cross section is provided on the upper surface of the water inlet and outlet positions at the front and rear ends of the supporting base plate to achieve water connection.

[0017] In this way, the flexibility of the waterproof fabric can be used to adjust the front and rear height of the support base while preventing water leakage at the front and rear end surfaces of the support base. In specific implementation, the rear end of the sealing connection skin at the rear end of the support base is sealed to the front end of the water inlet pool, and the front end of the sealing connection skin at the front end of the support base is sealed to the rear end of the sand settling tank.

[0018] As another option, the support adjustment mechanism includes two racks vertically arranged below the front and rear ends of the support base, the upper ends of the racks are hinged to the hinge seat at the lower end of the support base, and the back sides of the racks are slidably engaged on a guide rail vertically fixed to the ground. The racks are connected to a transmission gear, and the transmission gear is connected to a transmission motor.

[0019] In this way, the gear rotation can be controlled by the transmission motor to drive the rack to move up and down, thereby achieving height adjustment of the front and rear ends of the support base. The structure is simple and easy to implement, but the stability is relatively poor.

[0020] Furthermore, a plurality of water tank modules are provided on the upper surface of the support base plate, and the water tank modules are spliced together to form the test water tank.

[0021] In this way, the test water tank is constructed by splicing a plurality of modules, which makes it convenient to form different types of test water tanks by adjusting the module settings, thereby reducing the time and cost of changing the type of test water tank.

[0022] Furthermore, a supporting side panel is vertically arranged at the edge of the upper surface of the supporting bottom plate, the water tank module is embedded in the middle of the supporting side panel, and the supporting side panel is provided with matching clearance openings corresponding to the inlet and outlet positions of the test water tank.

[0023] In this way, it is more convenient to realize the splicing and installation of modules.

[0024] Furthermore, side panel mounting grooves are provided at the upper surface edge positions of the front and rear ends of the support base plate, and the support side panels at the front and rear ends are detachably embedded and mounted on the support base plate.

[0025] This allows you to adjust the splicing of the sink's water outlet and inlet, and remove the corresponding support side panels so that they do not affect the water inlet and outlet of the sink. The support side panels on the left and right sides can be fixed.

[0026] Furthermore, the body of each water tank module is made of foam plastic, which has the advantages of low cost and convenient transportation and splicing.

[0027] Furthermore, a magnetic material layer and an elastic material layer are sequentially provided outwardly on the splicing side surface of each water tank module.

[0028] This makes it easier to connect and fix the water tank modules with the help of the magnetic material layer, and no gaps are left after fixation, thus preventing water leakage during testing.

[0029] Furthermore, the upper surface of the supporting bottom plate and the bottom surface of each water tank module are each sequentially provided with a magnetic material layer and an elastic material layer outwardly.

[0030] In this way, it is more convenient to fix each water tank module after splicing and moving on the supporting bottom plate, while avoiding water leakage at the bottom of the module.

[0031] Furthermore, three types of sink modules are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the support base plate from the outside to the inside, each sink module has horizontal upper and lower surfaces and vertical circumferential side surfaces and constitutes a plane splicing module (so the subsequent description of the shape of each module and the spliced shape refers to the plane shape), among which the first type of sink modules located at the outermost positions on both sides of the support base plate are spliced as a whole to form a long rectangle from front to back along the support base plate. The first type of sink module includes several rectangular modules and a pair of triangular modules that can be spliced into a rectangle; the second type of sink module located in the middle of both sides is a single triangular convex shape, and the second type of sink module can be spliced into an overall shape with a straight side from front to back on the outside and a wavy side on the inside. The peaks and valleys of the waves on the inside of the overall shape formed by the splicing of the second type of sink modules are staggered to form equidistant intervals; the third type of sink module has arcs of equal length on both sides and can be spliced into at least three wavy shapes of equal width along the front-to-back direction. The first type of sink module and the second type of sink module are arranged at the same height, and the height of the third type of sink module is lower than that of the second type of sink module.

[0032] In this way, the various tank modules can be assembled to create different test tank configurations, including but not limited to the following: 1. A shallow, wavy tank structure formed by assembling all modules normally; 2. A deeper, wavy tank structure formed by removing all or some of the third-type tank modules; 3. A shallow, linear tank structure formed by removing all third-type tank modules and then reversing the inside and outside of the second-type tank modules; 4. A wide, linear tank structure formed by removing all third-type and second-type tank modules; 5. A linear tank module with varying widths formed by retaining some first-type tank modules (or some second-type tank modules reversing the inside and outside). Because the first-type modules include two triangular modules, the width-varying linear tank modules can be assembled to achieve an oblique transition. Furthermore, tanks with one straight side and the other curved can be assembled. Because each tank module is securely attached to the support base, the width of the tank can be adjusted by adjusting the left-right distance and the inside-outside position of each module. In this way, when conducting flume tests or river simulations, the corresponding flume structure is adjusted first, and then only a small amount of silt accumulation settings and other means are needed to implement simulation tests of various river structures, which greatly reduces the difficulty of adjusting the flume shape and increases the richness of flume test types.

[0033] Furthermore, the first type of water tank module and the second type of water tank module are both composed of two-layer modules with the same height above and below, and the third type of water tank module is a single layer and has the same height as the lower layer of the first type of water tank module.

[0034] In this way, various water tank structures can realize both deeper and shallower appearance modes, which better improves the richness of water tank test types.

[0035] In summary, the present invention has the advantages of being able to conveniently and quickly adjust the longitudinal gradient of the water tank and adjust the shape of the water tank, which greatly expands the experimental use, expands the scientific research and teaching functions, and improves the relevant scientific research and teaching efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic plan view of the structure of a water tank test device used in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, each water tank module is separated to show the structure of each water tank module.

[0037] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of a single sink module.

[0038] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Side view of all sink modules after assembly.

[0039] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The various water tank modules can be combined to create example diagrams of various test water tank shapes.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water tank gradient height adjustment device. The structure above the water tank bottom plate is not shown in the figure.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of another feasible water tank gradient height adjustment device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0043] Preferred embodiment: A method for adjusting the longitudinal gradient of a water flume test, which is characterized in that the test water flume is set as a whole on a long strip support member, and the middle part of the lower end of the long strip support member is hingedly supported and installed on the ground, and the longitudinal gradient of the water flume test is adjusted by adjusting the height of the two ends of the long strip support member.

[0044] In this way, the method does not need to change the shape of the test water tank, but adopts an overall tilting method to achieve the longitudinal gradient adjustment of the water tank test, which has the advantages of being convenient, fast and efficient.

[0045] This method is implemented by an adjustable test flume device, see Figure 1-5As shown, the adjustable test water tank device includes a supporting base plate 20, a test water tank is arranged on the upper surface of the supporting base plate, and a water tank gradient height adjustment device is arranged below the supporting base plate. The water tank gradient height adjustment device includes a supporting support 31 located in the middle of the lower surface of the supporting base plate, and the middle part of the supporting base plate is hingedly mounted on the supporting support 31 so as to be rotatable forward and backward. The lower surfaces of the front and rear ends of the supporting base plate 20 are also downwardly mounted with a support adjustment mechanism that can realize height linkage adjustment.

[0046] In this way, the middle part of the support base is hinged on the support bracket to form a lever structure, and the height of the front and rear ends of the support base can be adjusted through the support adjustment mechanism. Therefore, without changing the shape of the water tank module, the overall gradient height of the water tank can be directly adjusted and controlled to meet specific test requirements, which is very convenient and quick.

[0047] Among them, the support adjustment mechanism includes two piston grooves 32 located below the front and rear ends of the support base plate. The upper ends of the two piston grooves 32 are open and a piston 33 that can slide up and down is horizontally arranged therein. A support rod 34 is vertically upwardly arranged on the upper end of the piston. The upper end of the support rod 34 is rotatably hinged and supported on the lower surface of the support base plate 20 through a hinge shaft. The piston groove 32 below the piston is filled with hydraulic fluid 39. The bottoms of the two piston grooves are connected to each other through a horizontally arranged connecting pipe 35. A switch valve 36 and a hydraulic pump 37 with forward and reverse control function are installed on the connecting pipe 35.

[0048] In this way, when the water tank's gradient height needs to be adjusted, the on-off valve can be opened, and then the hydraulic pump can be turned on and controlled to rotate forward or reverse, thereby adjusting the hydraulic fluid in the two piston grooves to increase or decrease the volume. The cross-sectional area of the piston grooves is sized so that when the piston in one end of the piston groove is filled with fluid, the distance the piston at the other end is depressed is exactly the amount by which the liquid level in that end of the piston groove is lowered (this can be calculated in advance). In this way, the gradient height of the support base can be adjusted by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the hydraulic pump. This not only simplifies the structure and facilitates control, but also the weight of the water tank, acting on the hydraulic fluid through the pistons at both ends, is offset by the connecting pipe at the left and right positions of the on-off valve. Therefore, the left and right pressure differentials on the on-off valves in the connecting pipes are minimal, greatly ensuring the stability of the device and the reliability of the adjustment. Of course, in practice, the support adjustment mechanism can also be implemented by directly providing a height adjustment mechanism on each side of the support base. However, during water tank testing, the height adjustment mechanism is subjected to the heavy pressure of the water tank for a long time, which can easily lead to instability and failure, resulting in a short service life and poor stability.

[0049] During implementation, the switch valve 36 is a ball valve, which can better withstand the liquid pressure at both ends and is convenient for adjustment and control.

[0050] A downward hinge seat 38 is fixedly provided on the lower surface of the front and rear ends of the support base plate 20, and an arc-shaped hinge hole is provided on the hinge seat to cooperate with the hinge shaft at the upper end of the support rod.

[0051] In this way, during the up and down rotation of the front and rear ends of the supporting base plate, the hinge shaft can match a space for sliding along the arc-shaped hinge hole, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the transmission.

[0052] The hydraulic fluid 39 is water, which is cheap and readily available.

[0053] Among them, an upward elastic bladder is sealed and provided at the peripheral position of the bottom of the piston groove 32, and the elastic bladder is separated between the piston 33 and the hydraulic fluid 39.

[0054] This avoids direct contact between the piston and the hydraulic fluid, which would otherwise cause leakage at the gap when the piston is under greater pressure, and greatly improves the stability of the support and adjustment mechanism during operation.

[0055] Among them, a sealing connection skin 40 made of waterproof cloth with a U-shaped cross section is provided on the upper surface of the water inlet and outlet positions at the front and rear ends of the supporting base plate to realize water connection.

[0056] In this way, the flexibility of the waterproof fabric can be used to adjust the front and rear height of the support base while preventing water leakage at the front and rear end surfaces of the support base. In specific implementation, the rear end of the sealing connection skin at the rear end of the support base is sealed to the front end of the water inlet pool, and the front end of the sealing connection skin at the front end of the support base is sealed to the rear end of the sand settling tank.

[0057] During implementation, a plurality of water tank modules 23 are provided on the upper surface of the supporting base plate 20 , and the water tank modules 23 are spliced together to form the test water tank.

[0058] In this way, the test water tank is constructed by splicing a plurality of modules, which makes it convenient to form different types of test water tanks by adjusting the module settings, thereby reducing the time and cost of changing the type of test water tank.

[0059] Among them, a supporting side plate 21 is vertically arranged at the edge of the upper surface of the supporting bottom plate, and the water tank module 23 is embedded in the middle of the supporting side plate 21. The supporting side plate 21 is provided with matching openings corresponding to the inlet and outlet positions of the test water tank.

[0060] In this way, it is more convenient to realize the splicing and installation of modules.

[0061] Among them, side panel mounting grooves are provided at the upper surface edge positions of the front and rear ends of the support base plate 20, and the support side panels 21 located at the front and rear ends are detachably embedded and mounted on the support base plate.

[0062] This allows you to adjust the splicing of the sink's water outlet and inlet, and remove the corresponding support side panels so that they do not affect the water inlet and outlet of the sink. The support side panels on the left and right sides can be fixed.

[0063] The main body of each water tank module 23 is made of foam plastic, which has the advantages of low cost and convenient transportation and splicing.

[0064] The splicing side surface of each water tank module 23 is sequentially provided with a magnetic material layer 24 and an elastic material layer 25 outwardly.

[0065] This makes it easier to connect and fix the water tank modules by means of the magnetic material layer, and no gaps are left after fixation, thereby preventing water leakage during the test. In practice, the magnetic material layer 24 is made of magnet material, and the elastic material layer 25 is made of rubber material.

[0066] Wherein, the upper surface of the supporting bottom plate 20 and the bottom surface of each water tank module are respectively provided with a magnetic material layer and an elastic material layer outwardly in sequence.

[0067] In this way, it is more convenient to fix each water tank module after splicing and moving on the supporting bottom plate, while avoiding water leakage at the bottom of the module.

[0068] Among them, three types of water tank modules are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the support base plate from the outside to the inside, each water tank module has horizontal upper and lower surfaces and vertical peripheral side surfaces and constitutes a plane splicing module (so the subsequent description of the shape of each module and the splicing shape refers to the plane shape), among which the first type of water tank modules 26 located at the outermost positions on both sides of the support base plate 20 are spliced as a whole to form a long rectangle along the support base plate from front to back. The first type of water tank module 26 includes several rectangular modules and a pair of triangular modules that can be spliced into a rectangle; the second type of water tank modules 26 located in the middle of both sides are The second type of sink module 27 is a single triangular raised shape. The second type of sink module 27 can be spliced into an overall shape with a straight side from front to back on the outside and a wavy side on the inside. The peaks and valleys of the waves on the inside of the overall shape formed by the splicing of the second type of sink modules 27 are staggered to form equidistant intervals; the third type of sink module 28 has arcs of equal length on both sides and can be spliced into at least three wavy shapes of equal width along the front-to-back direction. The first type of sink module and the second type of sink module are set at the same height, and the height of the third type of sink module is lower than that of the second type of sink module.

[0069] In this way, the various tank modules can be assembled to create different test tank configurations, including but not limited to the following: 1. A shallow, wavy tank structure formed by assembling all modules normally; 2. A deeper, wavy tank structure formed by removing all or some of the third-type tank modules; 3. A shallow, linear tank structure formed by removing all third-type tank modules and then reversing the inside and outside of the second-type tank modules; 4. A wide, linear tank structure formed by removing all third-type and second-type tank modules; 5. A linear tank module with varying widths formed by retaining some first-type tank modules (or some second-type tank modules reversing the inside and outside). Because the first-type modules include two triangular modules, the width-varying linear tank modules can be assembled to achieve an oblique transition. Furthermore, tanks with one straight side and the other curved can be assembled. Because each tank module is securely attached to the support base, the width of the tank can be adjusted by adjusting the left-right distance and the inside-outside position of each module. In this way, when conducting flume tests or river simulations, the corresponding flume structure is adjusted first, and then only a small amount of silt accumulation settings and other means are needed to implement simulation tests of various river structures, which greatly reduces the difficulty of adjusting the flume shape and increases the richness of flume test types.

[0070] The first type water tank module 26 and the second type water tank module 27 are both composed of two-layer modules with the same height, and the third type water tank module 28 is a single layer and has the same height as the lower layer of the first type water tank module.

[0071] In this way, various water tank structures can realize both deeper and shallower appearance modes, which better improves the richness of water tank test types.

[0072] In addition, as other possible implementations of the support adjustment mechanism, see Figure 6 The support adjustment mechanism includes two racks 45 vertically arranged below the front and rear ends of the support base. The upper ends of the racks 45 are hinged to the hinge seat at the lower end of the support base. The back side of the racks 45 can be slidably engaged on a guide rail 46 vertically fixed to the ground. The racks 45 are connected to a transmission gear 47, and the transmission gear 47 is connected to a transmission motor 48.

[0073] In this way, the gear rotation can be controlled by the transmission motor to drive the rack to move up and down, thereby achieving height adjustment of the front and rear ends of the support base. The structure is simple and easy to implement, but the stability is relatively poor.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting the longitudinal gradient of a water flume test, characterized in that: The test water flume is set as a whole on a long strip supporting member, and the middle part of the lower end of the long strip supporting member is hingedly supported and installed on the ground. The longitudinal gradient of the water flume test is adjusted by adjusting the height of the two ends of the long strip supporting member.

2. The method for adjusting the longitudinal gradient of a water tank test according to claim 1, wherein: This method is implemented by relying on an adjustable test water trough device, which includes a supporting base plate, a test water trough is arranged on the upper surface of the supporting base plate, and a water trough gradient height adjustment device is arranged below the supporting base plate. The water trough gradient height adjustment device includes a supporting seat located in the middle of the lower surface of the supporting base plate, the middle part of the supporting base plate is hingedly mounted on the supporting seat so as to be rotatable forward and backward, and a supporting adjustment mechanism that can realize height linkage adjustment is also installed downward on the lower surfaces of the front and rear ends of the supporting base plate.

3. The method for adjusting the longitudinal gradient of a water tank test according to claim 2, wherein: The support adjustment mechanism includes two piston grooves located below the front and rear ends of the support base plate. The upper ends of the two piston grooves are open and a piston that can slide up and down is horizontally arranged therein. A support rod is vertically arranged upward on the upper end of the piston. The upper end of the support rod is rotatably hinged and supported on the lower surface of the support base plate through a hinge shaft. The piston groove below the piston is filled with hydraulic fluid. The bottoms of the two piston grooves are connected to each other through a horizontally arranged connecting pipe. A switch valve and a hydraulic pump with forward and reverse control function are installed on the connecting pipe.

4. The method for adjusting the longitudinal gradient of a water tank test according to claim 3, wherein: A downward hinge seat is fixedly provided on the lower surfaces of the front and rear ends of the support base plate, and an arc-shaped hinge hole is provided on the hinge seat to cooperate with the hinge shaft at the upper end of the support rod.

5. The method for adjusting the longitudinal gradient of a water tank test according to claim 3, wherein: The hydraulic fluid is water.

6. The method for adjusting the longitudinal gradient of a water tank test according to claim 3, wherein: An upward elastic bladder is sealed and arranged at the peripheral position of the bottom of the piston groove, and the elastic bladder is separated between the piston and the hydraulic fluid.

7. The method for adjusting the longitudinal gradient of a water tank test according to claim 3, wherein: A sealing connection skin made of waterproof cloth with a U-shaped cross section is provided on the upper surface of the water inlet and outlet positions at the front and rear ends of the supporting base plate to realize water connection.

8. The method for adjusting the longitudinal gradient of a water tank test according to claim 2, wherein: The support adjustment mechanism includes two racks vertically arranged below the front and rear ends of the support base plate. The upper ends of the racks are hinged to the hinge seat at the lower end of the support base plate. The back sides of the racks are slidably engaged on a guide rail vertically fixed to the ground. The racks are connected to a transmission gear, and the transmission gear is connected to a transmission motor.

9. The method for adjusting the longitudinal gradient of a water tank test according to claim 2, wherein: A plurality of water tank modules are provided on the upper surface of the support bottom plate, and the water tank modules are spliced together to form the test water tank.

10. The method for adjusting the longitudinal gradient of a water tank test according to claim 9, wherein: Three types of sink modules are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the supporting base plate from the outside to the inside, and each sink module has horizontal upper and lower surfaces and vertical circumferential side surfaces and constitutes a plane splicing module. Among them, the first type of sink modules located at the outermost positions on both sides of the supporting base plate are spliced as a whole to form a long rectangle from front to back along the supporting base plate. The first type of sink module includes several rectangular modules and a pair of triangular modules that can be spliced into a rectangle; the second type of sink module located in the middle of both sides is a single triangular convex shape, and the second type of sink module can be spliced into an overall shape with a straight side from front to back on the outside and a wavy side on the inside. The peaks and valleys of the waves on the inner side of the overall shape formed by the splicing of the second type of sink modules are staggered to form equidistant intervals; the third type of sink module has arcs of equal length on both sides and can be spliced into at least three wavy shapes of equal width along the front and back directions. The first type of sink module and the second type of sink module are arranged at the same height, and the height of the third type of sink module is lower than that of the second type of sink module.

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