Air-cooled light storage integrated cabinet and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an air-cooled light storage integrated cabinet and a control method thereof. The air-cooled light storage integrated cabinet comprises a battery cabin, a power distribution cabin, a battery cluster module and a heat management module. The battery cluster module is arranged in the battery cabin, the battery cluster module comprises at least one group of battery clusters, and each battery cluster comprises a plurality of battery packs. The heat management module comprises an industrial air conditioner, a top air duct and vertical air ducts, the top air duct is arranged at the top of the integrated cabinet, the vertical air ducts are arranged on two sides of the battery cluster, air outlets of the industrial air conditioner face air inlets of the top air duct, the air outlets of the top air duct are communicated with air inlets of the vertical air ducts, and a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the vertical air ducts. The ventilation holes are in one-to-one correspondence with the battery packs, and the areas of the ventilation holes are gradually reduced in the airflow direction, so that the air inlet flow leading to each layer of battery packs is kept consistent, and the uniformity of the cooling effect of each layer is ensured. According to the air-cooled light storage integrated cabinet and the control method thereof, the uniformity of the working temperature of each battery pack is ensured through the heat management module, so that the service life of the integrated cabinet is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to an air-cooled integrated photovoltaic cabinet and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a key component of distributed energy, small microgrid systems have shown broad application prospects in recent years, driven by policy support, technological innovation, and market demand. In particular, small off-grid microgrid systems, comprised of photovoltaics and energy storage batteries, have seen rapid development in power-scarce regions such as Africa, Southeast Asia, and small islands.

[0003] Current small microgrid system designs generally feature a split structure, consisting of independent devices such as photovoltaic inverters or hybrid inverters and energy storage batteries. These systems occupy a large area, require multiple installation and commissioning steps, have low integration, and are difficult to install, making them generally suitable for indoor use. For outdoor use, integrated outdoor cabinets are required, but these have lower reliability and are difficult to use in harsh environments. Furthermore, small microgrid systems must be easily and quickly connected to power systems such as photovoltaic and diesel generators to ensure coordinated operation among these various energy sources. Small microgrid systems are widely used in power-scarce regions abroad, particularly in Africa, Southeast Asia, and small islands. These systems typically require long transportation times over poor road conditions to reach their destinations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. This application provides an air-cooled integrated light-storage cabinet and its control method, which can significantly enhance heat dissipation efficiency and cope with long-term harsh transportation through a cushioning installation module, thereby extending the service life of the integrated cabinet.

[0005] According to the first embodiment of the present application, an air-cooled optical storage integrated cabinet includes:

[0006] Battery compartment;

[0007] a battery cluster module, disposed in the battery compartment, comprising at least one battery cluster, wherein the battery cluster comprises a plurality of battery packs;

[0008] A thermal management module, comprising an industrial air conditioner, a top air duct and a vertical air duct, wherein the top air duct is arranged on the top of the battery compartment and the vertical air duct is arranged on both sides of the battery cluster;

[0009] Among them, the air outlet of the industrial air conditioner faces the air inlet of the top air duct, the air outlet of the top air duct is connected with the air inlet of the vertical air duct, and the vertical air duct is provided with multiple ventilation holes connected one by one with the battery packs, and the area of the ventilation holes gradually decreases along the airflow direction.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the top air duct is provided with a first partition, the first partition is provided with a first through hole, the first partition divides the top air duct into a first top air duct and a second top air duct, the first top air duct and the second top air duct are connected through the first through hole, the vertical air duct is provided with a vertical partition plate, the vertical partition plate divides the vertical air duct into a first vertical air duct and a second vertical air duct, the first top air duct is connected to the first vertical air duct, the second top air duct is connected to the second vertical air duct, the ventilation holes of the first vertical air duct are connected to the upper half of the battery cluster, and the ventilation holes of the second vertical air duct are connected to the lower half of the battery cluster.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery cluster module includes two groups of battery clusters, and the top air duct is also provided with two second partitions, which are arranged perpendicular to the first partitions. The two second partitions divide the top air duct into two side air ducts and a middle air duct, and the middle air duct is connected to the vertical air duct between the two groups of battery clusters. The first partition is arranged on the side air duct.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, a shock-absorbing mounting module is further included, and the battery pack is fixed to the battery compartment through the shock-absorbing mounting module. The shock-absorbing mounting module includes a first fixing component, a second fixing component and a shock-absorbing component, and the second fixing component, the shock-absorbing component and the first fixing component are stacked and installed in sequence.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, a fire-fighting module is further included, which includes a fire-fighting device, a first fan and a second fan. The fire-fighting device is arranged in the battery compartment, the first fan is arranged at the top of one side of the battery compartment, and the second fan is arranged at the bottom of the opposite side of the battery compartment.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the fire protection module also includes a harmful gas sensor, a smoke and temperature sensor, and an audible and visual alarm. The harmful gas sensor and the smoke and temperature sensor are both arranged on the inner side of the battery compartment, and the audible and visual alarm is arranged on the outer side of the battery compartment.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, a hybrid inverter module and a power distribution cabin are further included. The hybrid inverter module includes a hybrid inverter, and the hybrid inverter is arranged on the power distribution cabin.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the distribution cabin also includes a distribution module, which includes a busbar, a switch component, a lightning protection component and a quick interface. The busbar, the switch component and the lightning protection component are arranged on the distribution cabin, and the quick interface is arranged on the outside of the distribution cabin.

[0017] According to the control method of the air-cooled integrated optical storage cabinet according to the second embodiment of the present application, the air-cooled integrated optical storage cabinet includes the air-cooled integrated optical storage cabinet in the above embodiment, including the following steps:

[0018] Collect environmental parameter information inside the battery compartment;

[0019] According to the environmental parameter information, the operating status of the thermal management module and the fire protection module are dynamically adjusted to achieve temperature control and safety protection inside the battery compartment.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present application, the environmental parameter information includes battery pack and battery compartment information, gas concentration information, and smoke concentration information;

[0021] The dynamic adjustment includes:

[0022] Adjust the air volume and air duct distribution of the thermal management module according to temperature information;

[0023] Control ventilation mode based on gas concentration information;

[0024] The start and stop of the sound and light alarm and fire extinguishing device are controlled in conjunction with the changes in smoke concentration and temperature.

[0025] The air-cooled integrated optical storage cabinet and its control system according to the embodiments of the present application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The air-cooled integrated optical storage cabinet of the present application includes a battery compartment, a distribution compartment, a battery cluster module and a thermal management module. The battery compartment is used to carry each module. The distribution compartment is used for power distribution and supply. The battery compartment and the distribution compartment are independently and arranged in parallel to avoid mutual interference between high-voltage power equipment and energy storage equipment. The battery cluster module is arranged in the battery compartment, and the battery cluster module includes at least one group of battery clusters. The battery cluster includes multiple battery packs for energy storage. The thermal management module includes an industrial air conditioner, a top air duct and a vertical air duct. The top air duct is arranged at the top of the integrated cabinet, and the vertical air duct is arranged on both sides of the battery cluster. The air outlet of the industrial air conditioner faces the air inlet of the top air duct, and the air outlet of the top air duct is connected to the air inlet of the vertical air duct. A plurality of ventilation holes are provided in the vertical air duct, and each ventilation hole is connected to the battery pack one by one, and the area of the ventilation hole gradually decreases along the air flow direction. Cold air is delivered from the air outlet of the industrial air conditioner to the top air duct, and from the top air duct to the vertical air ducts on both sides of the battery cluster. The cold air is deposited vertically downward from the vertical air duct, and the area of the ventilation holes gradually increases from bottom to top, so that the air flow to each layer of battery packs remains consistent, ensuring the uniformity of the cooling effect of each layer. The cold air cools the battery pack and flows out, and is sucked in from the return air outlet of the industrial air conditioner for circulating refrigeration, thereby completing the temperature control internal circulation control of the battery cluster module. The air-cooled light-storage integrated cabinet of this application ensures the uniformity of the operating temperature of each battery pack through the thermal management module, thereby extending the service life of the integrated cabinet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of an air-cooled, integrated optical storage cabinet according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear view of an air-cooled integrated optical storage cabinet according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an air-cooled optical storage cabinet according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A structural diagram from another angle;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A structural diagram from another angle;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cluster module installation structure and a thermal management module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A structural diagram from another angle;

[0035] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross section at AA in the middle;

[0036] Figure 9 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross section at the middle BB;

[0037] Figure 10 for Figure 7 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another embodiment at BB;

[0038] Figure 11 This is an exploded schematic diagram of a shock-absorbing mounting module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of a shock-absorbing installation module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 13 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the cross section at CC.

[0041] Reference numerals:

[0042] Battery compartment 1; top air duct 11; top air duct inlet 111; first partition 112; second partition 113; first top air duct 114; second top air duct 115; vertical air duct 12; first vertical air duct 121; second vertical air duct 122; ventilation hole 123; battery pack 13; first front door 141; first rear door 142;

[0043] Industrial air conditioning 2;

[0044] Shock-absorbing mounting module 3; first fixing component 31; shock-absorbing component 32; second fixing component 33; bolt 34; flange nut 35;

[0045] High-voltage box 4;

[0046] First fan 51; second fan 52; fire extinguishing device 53; smoke and temperature sensor 54; harmful gas sensor 55; sound and light alarm 56;

[0047] Power distribution compartment 6; hybrid inverter 61; quick interface 62; power distribution module 63; second front door 641; second rear door 642;

[0048] Control module 7;

[0049] Wire duct 81; gland 82; cabinet lighting 83; lifting lug 84; forklift hole 85. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present application. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

[0051] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "middle", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. In addition, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0052] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0053] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 13 Describe the air-cooled optical storage integrated cabinet in the embodiment of the present application.

[0054] according to Figures 1 to 10As shown, an air-cooled optical storage integrated cabinet of an embodiment of the present application includes a battery compartment 1, a battery cluster module and a thermal management module. The battery compartment 1 is a box structure, which is used to carry various functional modules. The battery cluster module is arranged in the battery compartment 1, and the battery cluster module includes at least one group of battery clusters, and each group of battery clusters includes multiple battery packs 13, and the battery packs 13 are used for energy storage. The thermal management module includes an industrial air conditioner 2, a top air duct 11 and a vertical air duct 12. The industrial air conditioner 2 is arranged on the rear side of the battery compartment 1, the top air duct 11 is arranged on the top of the battery compartment 1, and the vertical air duct 12 is arranged on both sides of the battery cluster. The air outlet of the industrial air conditioner 2 faces the top air duct inlet 111, and is tightly connected to the top air duct inlet 111. The air outlet of the top air duct 11 is respectively connected to the air inlets of the left and right vertical air ducts 12. A plurality of ventilation holes 123 are provided on the inner walls of the left and right vertical air ducts 12 at equal intervals from top to bottom along the direction of airflow. The ventilation holes 123 are aligned and connected to the side surfaces of the corresponding battery packs 13 one by one. The area of the ventilation holes 123 gradually decreases along the direction of airflow (gradually decreasing from top to bottom), so that the area of the ventilation holes 123 is consistent with the distribution of the cold air in the vertical air duct 12, so as to compensate for the attenuation of the airflow flow pressure and ensure that the amount of cold air blown into the side of each layer of batteries is basically the same.

[0055] During operation, cold air blows from the air outlet of the industrial air conditioner 2 to the top air duct 11, and is transported from the top air duct 11 to the vertical air ducts 12 on the left and right sides of the battery cluster. The area of the ventilation holes 123 gradually increases from bottom to top. The cold air flows from the vertical air duct 12 from top to bottom through the ventilation holes 123 into the side of the battery pack 13, achieving uniform cooling of the battery cluster module. The cold air flows out from the battery pack 13 after cooling the battery cells, and flows back to the return air outlet of the industrial air conditioner 2, forming a closed-loop circulation refrigeration.

[0056] The air-cooled integrated photovoltaic and storage cabinet of the present application ensures the consistency of the operating temperature of the battery cluster at all heights by coordinating the size gradient of the ventilation holes 123 in the thermal management module with the layout of each air duct, effectively improves the heat dissipation efficiency and safety and reliability of the system, and prevents some battery packs 13 from overheating or overcooling, thereby extending the service life of the battery pack 13 and the air-cooled integrated photovoltaic and storage cabinet.

[0057] In some embodiments, the air-cooled integrated photovoltaic cabinet also includes a high-voltage box 4, which is arranged on the battery compartment 1. The high-voltage box 4 is used to converge and control the electrical energy of the battery pack 13. The high-voltage box 4 is specifically arranged on the upper side of the battery cluster module.

[0058] In some embodiments, the battery compartment 1 further includes a first front door 141 and a first rear door 142 , and the industrial air conditioner 2 is disposed on the first rear door 142 .

[0059] In some embodiments, a wire trough 81 and a gland 82 are also provided on the front top of the battery compartment 1. The wire trough 81 is provided inside the battery compartment 1, and the gland 82 is provided at the outlet of the wire trough 81. The wire trough 81 is used to neatly store the cables in the integrated cabinet, and the gland 82 serves as the outlet of the wire trough 81 for wire management.

[0060] In some embodiments, an internal cabinet lighting lamp 83 is also provided on the upper part of the battery compartment. The internal cabinet lighting lamp 83 can automatically turn on and light up when the first front door 141 is opened to illuminate the cabinet and facilitate the operator's work.

[0061] In some embodiments, a forklift hole 85 is provided at the bottom of the air-cooled integrated optical storage cabinet, and a lifting lug 84 is provided at the top of the air-cooled integrated optical storage cabinet to facilitate the transfer and transportation of the air-cooled integrated optical storage cabinet.

[0062] according to Figures 1 to 10 As shown, in one embodiment of the present application, the top duct 11 of the battery compartment 1 is equipped with a first partition 112, which is installed horizontally in the top duct 11. The first partition 112 is provided with a first through hole. The first partition 112 divides the top duct 11 into a first top duct 114 and a second top duct 115 in the upper and lower parts. The first top duct 114 and the second top duct 115 are connected through the first through hole, and part of the cold air can flow from the second top duct 115 to the first top duct 114 through the first through hole. Vertical partition plates are installed in the vertical ducts 12 on the left and right sides. The vertical partition plates are arranged in the height direction and divide the vertical duct 12 into a first vertical duct 121 and a second vertical duct 122. The first top duct 114 is connected to the first vertical duct 121, and the second top duct 115 is connected to the second vertical duct 122. The first vertical duct 121 and the second vertical duct 122 are not connected to each other. The ventilation holes 123 of the first vertical air duct 121 are connected to the upper half of the battery cluster, and the area of the ventilation holes 123 gradually decreases along the airflow direction of the first vertical air duct 121; the ventilation holes 123 of the second vertical air duct 122 are connected to the lower half of the battery cluster, and the area of the ventilation holes 123 gradually decreases along the airflow direction of the second vertical air duct 122.

[0063] The first baffle 112 and vertical partitions ensure that the upper and lower battery clusters receive their respective cooling airflows, avoiding the phenomenon of cold air rushing or stagnation along a single path. This ensures balanced temperature control across all layers of battery packs 13. This not only improves overall heat dissipation efficiency but also effectively suppresses temperature gradients within the battery packs 13, ensuring their safety, reliability, and longevity.

[0064] In some embodiments, the battery cluster includes twelve battery packs 13 stacked vertically, divided into an upper half and a lower half, with six battery packs in each half. A first vertical duct 121 and a second vertical duct 122 are arranged in parallel. Six vents 123 are evenly spaced in the first vertical duct 121, corresponding one-to-one with the six battery packs 13 in the upper half of the battery cluster. The area of each vent 123 decreases from top to bottom. Six vents 123 are evenly spaced in the second vertical duct 122, corresponding one-to-one with the six battery packs 13 in the lower half of the battery cluster. The area of each vent 123 decreases from top to bottom. When cold air flows from the top duct 11 into the vertical duct 12, the airflow preferentially flows downward rapidly within the vertical duct 12 and gathers at the bottom, forming a distribution trend that gradually increases from top to bottom within the vertical duct 12. By controlling the size of the ventilation holes 123 at different positions, the area of the ventilation holes 123 is kept consistent with the distribution of cold air in the vertical air duct 12, and the area of the ventilation holes 123 is kept consistent with the flow trend of the cold air in the vertical air duct 12. By using the resistance distribution characteristics of the upper larger ventilation holes 123 releasing pressure first and the lower smaller ventilation holes 123 releasing air later, the airflow dynamic pressure attenuation is compensated, the overall air volume of the battery cluster is balanced, and the distribution of cold air to each battery pack 13 is balanced, avoiding the situation where the air volume is exhausted in the upper layer and insufficient cooling in the lower layer, thereby improving the overall cooling uniformity and heat dissipation consistency of the battery cluster module.

[0065] In some embodiments, the battery cluster includes twelve battery packs 13 , which are stacked longitudinally and divided into an upper half group and a lower half group, with six battery packs in each half. The first vertical air duct 121 is provided with six ventilation holes 123 at equal intervals, and the six ventilation holes 123 are connected one-to-one with the six battery packs 13 of the upper half of the battery cluster, and the area of the ventilation holes 123 gradually decreases from top to bottom; the second vertical air duct 122 extends from the top to the middle and then bends, and is provided with a bending structure, which approaches the lower end of the first vertical air duct 121. Six ventilation holes 123 are provided at equal intervals in the bent section, and the overall ventilation hole 123 area in the second vertical air duct 122 is larger than that in the first vertical air duct 121. Since the airflow hits the wall at the bend of the second vertical air duct 122, the cold air will have local backflow. The area of the ventilation holes 123 in the uppermost layer of the second vertical air duct 122 is set to be relatively small, which reduces the large influx of cold air and ensures that more cold air is conducted to the lower battery pack 13, thereby compensating for the problem of heat dissipation difficulty in the lower layer, and has higher cooling adjustability and thermal field balance. By combining the strategy of extending the airflow path and limiting the flow of the initial ventilation holes 123, a larger initial ventilation hole 123 is set in the second vertical air duct 122, which can effectively prevent the airflow from escaping prematurely. More cold air is pressed into the bending section and delivered to the lower half of the battery pack 13, significantly enhancing the cooling capacity of the lower layer and realizing compensatory air supply to the battery cluster with greater heat in the lower layer, thereby further optimizing the thermal field balance and temperature control consistency.

[0066] In some embodiments, multiple secondary vents are provided on the sides of the battery pack 13. The area of these secondary vents gradually decreases along the flow direction of the airflow through the battery pack 13. By designing secondary vents with varying areas on the sides of individual battery packs 13, the cooling air can be directed to form a velocity gradient from front to back on the surface of the battery pack 13, compensating for dynamic pressure loss during the cooling air flow and evenly distributing the cooling air across the entire side of the battery pack 13, thereby avoiding localized insufficient or overcooling. The optimization of the secondary vents further improves the cooling uniformity between layers of battery packs 13 and within individual battery packs 13 after the cooling air enters the battery pack 13 from the vertical air duct 12. This effectively eliminates temperature gradients, ensures overall temperature consistency across the battery cluster module, and extends the service life of the battery pack 13.

[0067] according to Figures 1 to 10As shown, in one embodiment of the present application, the battery cluster module includes two groups of battery clusters. The top air duct 11 is further provided with a second partition 113. The second partition 113 is vertically arranged. The second partition 113 and the first partition 112 are arranged perpendicular to each other. The two second partitions 113 separate the top air duct 11 into two left and right side air ducts and a middle air duct. The middle air duct is connected to the vertical air duct 12 between the two groups of battery clusters, efficiently supplying air to the middle area of the battery cluster module; the left and right side air ducts are respectively connected to the vertical air ducts 12 on the outside of the two groups of battery clusters, supplying air to the sides of the battery clusters. The first partition 112 is set on the side air duct, dividing the side air duct into a first top air duct 114 and a second top air duct 115. The first top air duct 114 is connected to the first vertical air duct 121, and the second top air duct 115 is connected to the second vertical air duct 122. Through the double partition design of the second partition 113 and the first partition 112, combined with the diversion of the upper and lower sections of the air duct and the connection with the through-hole, the partitioned and layered air volume control of the left and right battery clusters is realized. The setting of the middle air duct effectively compensates for the cooling blind spot of the air ducts on both sides of the middle battery pack 13, further reducing the temperature difference gradient, ensuring the centralized air supply in the middle area, and accurately cooling the upper and lower half groups of battery clusters respectively, thereby further improving the temperature uniformity and overall heat dissipation efficiency of the battery cluster module.

[0068] During operation, the cold air blown out by the industrial air conditioner 2 enters the top air duct 11 and is divided into a middle air duct and two left and right side air ducts by the two second partitions 113. The middle air duct is directly connected to the middle vertical air duct 12 to cool the center of the two battery clusters; at the same time, the cold air from the two side air ducts flows to the first partitions 112 on the corresponding sides respectively. The first partition 112 divides the side air duct into a first top air duct 114 and a second top air duct 115. The first top air duct 114 is connected to the first vertical air duct 121 to supply air to the upper half of the battery pack 13 laterally, and the second top air duct 115 is connected to the second vertical air duct 122 to supply air to the lower half of the battery pack 13 laterally. All the cooled air is gathered at the return air outlet at the bottom of the battery compartment 1 and is again sucked in by the industrial air conditioner 2 to form a closed-loop circulation refrigeration.

[0069] according to Figures 1 to 13As shown, in one embodiment of the present application, the air-cooled optical storage integrated cabinet also includes a shock-absorbing installation module 3, and the battery pack 13 is fixed to the battery compartment 1 through the shock-absorbing installation module 3. The shock-absorbing installation module 3 includes a first fixing component 31, a second fixing component 33 and a shock-absorbing component 32. The second fixing component 33, the shock-absorbing component 32 and the first fixing component 31 are stacked and installed in sequence. The first fixing component 31 contacts the bottom of the battery pack 13 and is used to support the battery pack 13. The shock-absorbing component 32 is arranged between the first fixing component 31 and the second fixing component 33. The shock-absorbing component 32 is used to absorb and buffer the impact force in the vertical and horizontal directions during transportation, thereby protecting the battery pack 13. The second fixing component 33 is fixedly connected to the battery pack 13. The second fixing component 33, the shock-absorbing component 32 and the first fixing component 31 are pressed and fixed to each other to ensure that the layers are firmly fitted to avoid movement gaps.

[0070] The air-cooled photovoltaic energy storage integrated cabinet of the present application is particularly aimed at the actual situation that small photovoltaic energy storage off-grid microgrid equipment is widely used in foreign power-deficient areas (such as Africa, Southeast Asia, small islands, etc.), and the structural vibration and impact problems that the integrated cabinet may face during long-term transportation and complex road conditions. In particular, the battery pack 13 is the core energy storage unit of the microgrid equipment, and the stability of the battery pack 13 is directly related to the safety and life of the integrated cabinet operation. The shock-absorbing installation module 3 can effectively absorb the mechanical impact caused by the vibration and bumps of the vehicle during long-distance transportation, and avoid the battery pack 13 from loosening, structural damage or stress concentration during transportation, thereby improving the installation reliability of the battery pack 13, and enhancing the equipment's adaptability to the transportation environment from the structural design level, significantly improving the applicability and service life of the air-cooled photovoltaic energy storage integrated cabinet in overseas markets, especially in areas with weak power infrastructure. At the same time, during the equipment operation stage, the shock-absorbing structure can also continuously buffer environmental vibrations or micro-vibrations during the internal operation of the equipment, further improving the stability of the integrated cabinet.

[0071] In some embodiments, a bolt 34 is provided on the underside of the first fixing component 31. Both the shock-absorbing component 32 and the second fixing component 33 are provided with through holes that match the bolt 34. The bolt 34 passes through the shock-absorbing component 32 and the second fixing component 33 in sequence and is locked and secured by a flange nut 35. In some embodiments, the shock-absorbing component 32 is configured as a rubber shock-absorbing cushion. In other embodiments, the shock-absorbing component 32 can also be configured as a foam, damping silicone, or a multi-layer spring sheet structure.

[0072] In some embodiments, a limiting structure is further provided at the rear end of the battery pack 13, and the side end of the battery pack 13 is fixedly connected to the second fixing component 33, so as to limit the movement of the battery pack 13 during transportation to the maximum extent. At the same time, a shock-absorbing mounting module is designed to greatly reduce the impact of external impact on the battery pack 13 during transportation.

[0073] according to Figures 1 to 13 As shown, in one embodiment of the present application, the air-cooled integrated light storage cabinet further includes a fire protection module, which includes a fire extinguishing device 53, a first fan 51, and a second fan 52. The fire extinguishing device 53 is installed at a relatively high position on the rear side of the battery compartment 1. The nozzle of the fire extinguishing device 53 is set towards the battery cluster to ensure that the entire battery cluster range can be covered in the event of a fire. The fire extinguishing device 53 quickly responds and extinguishes the fire when thermal runaway, short circuit or other abnormal heating conditions occur inside the battery compartment 1. The first fan 51 is installed at the top of one side of the battery compartment 1. The first fan 51 is used for air intake; the second fan 52 is installed at the bottom of the other side of the battery compartment 1. The second fan 52 is used for air discharge. Natural air flows into the integrated cabinet from the top through the first fan 51, and harmful gases flow out from the bottom of the integrated cabinet, thereby realizing the ventilation function. By configuring the fire extinguishing device 53 and two fans, it is possible to quickly respond to abnormal heating or fire in the battery cluster module, suppress the spread of fire, and reduce the risk of heat diffusion. The setting of the upper and lower fans optimizes the gas flow path inside the battery compartment 1, which is conducive to the rapid dilution of harmful gases and smoke, improving operator safety and the service life of the integrated cabinet, enhancing the adaptability to high temperature, closed or complex outdoor scenes, and ensuring the safe operation of the air-cooled solar storage integrated cabinet.

[0074] In some embodiments, both the first fan 51 and the second fan 52 have explosion-proof functions.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first fan 51 is specifically installed at the top of the first front door 141, and the second fan 52 is specifically installed at the bottom of the first rear door.

[0076] In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing device 53 is configured as an aerosol fire extinguishing device 53 .

[0077] according to Figures 1 to 13 As shown, in one embodiment of the present application, the fire protection module also includes a harmful gas sensor 55, a smoke and temperature sensor 54, and an audible and visual alarm 56. The harmful gas sensor 55 and the smoke and temperature sensor 54 are both installed on the inner side of the battery compartment 1, and are used to perform multi-parameter linkage monitoring of the dangerous environment that may appear inside the battery compartment 1. The audible and visual alarm 56 is installed on the outside of the integrated cabinet. When the sensor detection value reaches the preset warning threshold, the audible and visual alarm 56 will emit a high-decibel sound and a high-brightness strobe light alarm, providing an intuitive alarm prompt to the surrounding personnel. By setting up the harmful gas sensor 55 and the smoke and temperature sensor as an integrated unit, multi-dimensional and real-time monitoring of the environmental status inside the battery compartment 1 is achieved, which significantly improves the early recognition capability of abnormal situations such as thermal runaway, fire, and leakage; the setting of the audible and visual alarm 56 enhances the timeliness and intuitiveness of the emergency response, helps the operator to make safe handling in the first time, and further ensures the operational safety and maintainability of the air-cooled optical storage integrated cabinet in complex outdoor environments.

[0078] In some embodiments, the harmful gas sensor 55 and the smoke and temperature sensor 54 are both connected to the fire protection module via signal lines to achieve signal collection and threshold judgment.

[0079] In some embodiments, the smoke and temperature sensor 54 integrates a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor. The smoke sensor is used to detect the concentration of smoke particles in the battery compartment 1, the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature change data in the battery compartment 1, and the harmful gas sensor 55 is used to detect the concentration of CO and other combustible gases.

[0080] In some embodiments, the harmful gas sensor 55 is installed on the inner side of the first front door 141 , and the smoke and temperature sensor 54 is installed on the top of the front side of the battery compartment 1 .

[0081] according to Figures 1 to 13 As shown, in one embodiment of the present application, the air-cooled photovoltaic and energy storage integrated cabinet also includes a distribution cabin 6, which is arranged next to the battery cabin 1. The battery cabin 1 and the distribution cabin 6 are arranged in parallel. The battery cabin 1 and the distribution cabin 6 are independent of each other to avoid mutual interference between high-voltage power equipment and energy storage equipment. The air-cooled photovoltaic and energy storage integrated cabinet includes a hybrid inverter module. The hybrid inverter module is used for bidirectional energy conversion between the power grid, photovoltaic power generation and energy storage system. The hybrid inverter module includes a hybrid inverter 61, which is installed on the distribution cabin 6. The hybrid inverter 61 is used to bidirectionally convert direct current and alternating current. The number of hybrid inverters 61 is the same as the number of battery clusters. By integrating the hybrid inverter 61 module into the distribution cabin 6 and setting it in a compartment separated from the battery cluster, not only the clarity and electrical safety of the structural wiring are improved, but also modular installation and maintenance are facilitated.

[0082] In some embodiments, the distribution compartment 6 further includes a second front door 641 and a second rear door 642 .

[0083] according to Figures 1 to 13 As shown, in one embodiment of the present application, the distribution cabin also includes a distribution module 63, which is arranged in the distribution cabin 6 for access to the external power system and power distribution. The distribution module 63 includes a busbar, a switch component, a lightning protection component and a quick interface 62. The busbar, the switch component and the lightning protection component are arranged at the lower end of the distribution cabin 6, and the quick interface 62 is arranged on the outside of the integrated cabinet. The inside of the quick interface 62 is connected to the internal circuit of the distribution module 63. The quick interface 62 supports plugging and unplugging without removing the wires, making the air-cooled optical storage integrated cabinet convenient to wire and efficient to operate and maintain during on-site deployment, greatly shortening the installation time and reducing the difficulty of operation and maintenance.

[0084] In some embodiments, the quick interface 62 includes power interfaces such as a diesel generator set, mains electricity, and output loads, as well as a photovoltaic DC side interface and an external communication interface.

[0085] In some embodiments, the input end of the hybrid inverter 61 is electrically connected to the output port of the battery cluster module through a cable, and is also connected to the photovoltaic component through a dedicated photovoltaic input port. The output end is connected to the external AC power grid interface of the integrated cabinet, thereby realizing bidirectional power supply capability between the energy storage module and the external power grid or load.

[0086] according to Figures 1 to 13 As shown, in one embodiment of the present application, a ventilation component is provided on the distribution cabin 6, and the ventilation component is used to dissipate heat from the hybrid inverter 61. The ventilation component includes ventilation structures arranged on the front and rear sides of the distribution cabin 6. The arrangement area of the ventilation structure corresponds to the installation area of the hybrid inverter 61. The area of the ventilation structure is consistent with the area of the installation area of the hybrid inverter 61. The distribution cabin 6 adopts a front air flow and rear exhaust method. The front ventilation structure of the distribution cabin 6 is used to introduce external cold air. The ventilation structure is integrated with a waterproof and dustproof protection device. The rear ventilation structure of the distribution cabin 6 is provided with a strong exhaust system. The active exhaust improves the ventilation efficiency, avoids heat accumulation, and ensures the heat dissipation efficiency of the distribution cabin 6 to cope with the harsh outdoor working environment.

[0087] In some embodiments, the ventilation structure is specifically provided at the second front door 641 and the second rear door 642 of the distribution compartment 6 , and the ventilation structure of the second front door 641 can be provided as a waterproof shutter or a dustproof filter.

[0088] In some embodiments, the forced exhaust system includes multiple fans, and the number and power of the fans can be configured according to the heat generation of the hybrid inverter 61 to achieve efficient forced heat exhaust.

[0089] according to Figures 1 to 13 As shown, in one embodiment of the present application, the air-cooled optical storage cabinet further includes a control module 7 for monitoring, scheduling and controlling the overall operating status of the air-cooled optical storage cabinet. The control module 7 includes an industrial control body and an operation screen.

[0090] In some embodiments, the operation screen is installed on the first front door 141, and the operation screen is configured as a touch-screen human-machine interface, which facilitates the operator to check the operating status of the air-cooled optical storage cabinet and set parameters on site.

[0091] In some embodiments, the industrial control body is configured as an industrial-grade embedded controller, which is embedded in an air-cooled optical storage integrated cabinet.

[0092] In some embodiments, the air-cooled integrated light-storage cabinet is composed of sheet metal structural parts, is thermally insulated, supports IP54 level protection, and is particularly suitable for outdoor use.

[0093] In the air-cooled photovoltaic and storage cabinet of the present application, the control module 7, battery cluster module, hybrid inverter 61 module, thermal management module, and fire protection module are interconnected, and the industrial control body implements data acquisition and centralized control. The operating screen is connected to the industrial control body via a serial port or network port, and displays real-time operating parameters such as battery status, temperature distribution, load power, and alarm information. By providing the control module 7, the multiple key functional modules of the air-cooled photovoltaic and storage cabinet (battery cluster module, thermal management module, fire protection module, power distribution module 63, etc.) can be uniformly scheduled and intelligently managed, which not only improves the automation level and collaborative control capabilities of the air-cooled photovoltaic and storage cabinet operation.

[0094] In some embodiments, the air-cooled integrated light-storage cabinet is equipped with a complete air-cooling control system, wherein the air-cooling control system includes three air-cooling control levels; the industrial control body can dynamically adjust the cooling air volume and air duct distribution according to the temperature distribution in the battery compartment 1.

[0095] The battery cluster is divided into two layers, the upper battery cluster is provided with a first temperature sensor, which collects the temperature information of the upper half of the battery cluster in real time and records it as T1. The lower battery cluster is provided with a second temperature sensor, which collects the temperature information of the lower half of the battery cluster in real time and records it as T2.

[0096] Industrial air conditioner 2 has a built-in inverter;

[0097] A first adjustable air valve is provided at the connection between the first top air duct 114 and the first vertical air duct 121; a second adjustable air valve is provided at the connection between the second top air duct 115 and the second vertical air duct 122. The first adjustable air valve and the second adjustable air valve respectively control the amount of cold air supplied to the first vertical air duct 121 and the second vertical air duct 122;

[0098] A first return air fan with variable frequency drive is installed at the bottom of the first vertical air duct 121, and a second return air fan with variable frequency drive is installed at the bottom of the second vertical air duct 122. The return air fans are used to assist return air or enhance local ventilation.

[0099] The control logic of the industrial control unit can be divided into three levels of air cooling control: Level 1: Low load, minimum fan speed; Level 2: Moderate temperature rise, increasing fan speed; Level 3: High temperature, activates the level 2 fan or full air conditioning, and adjusts the adjustable damper for uneven temperature. The operator can set the battery pack 13 temperature thresholds [T_low, T_high] on the industrial control unit through the operation screen, with a preset maximum temperature difference of Δ_Delta.

[0100] First - level regulation (uniform temperature mode): When both T1 and T2 are lower than the threshold T_low, the frequency converter of the industrial air conditioner 2 is set to operate at the lowest frequency (energy - saving mode), the first adjustable air valve and the second adjustable air valve maintain an opening of 50%, and the first return air fan and the second return air fan stop running. Maintain micro - circulation when the temperature of the battery cluster module is low and the load is not high to avoid excessive cooling.

[0101] Second - level regulation (differential compensation mode): When any sensor Ti > T_low and < T_high, and the maximum temperature difference Δ = max(Ti) – min(Ti) < Δ_Delta, the frequency converter of the industrial air conditioner 2 is increased to medium frequency, the first return air fan and the second return air fan start at low speed (30% PWM), and the industrial control main body dynamically adjusts the opening ratio of the first adjustable air valve and the second adjustable air valve according to the distribution of T1 and T2:

[0102] If the upper layer has the highest temperature, increase the opening of the first adjustable air valve and decrease the opening of the second adjustable air valve;

[0103] If the lower layer has the highest temperature, make the reverse adjustment and give priority to increasing the opening of the second adjustable air valve.

[0104] Use the adjustable air valve to shunt and cooperate with medium - speed return air to accurately compensate the temperature gradient and achieve balanced cold air in the upper and lower layers.

[0105] Third - level regulation (strong cooling mode): When any sensor Ti ≥ T_high or Δ ≥ 2*Δ_Delta, the frequency converter of the industrial air conditioner 2 is increased to the maximum frequency, the first return air fan and the second return air fan operate at full speed, and the first adjustable air valve and the second adjustable air valve are both fully open. In the case of too high temperature or too large temperature difference, cool down with full power and quickly eliminate heat accumulation to protect the safety of the battery pack 13.

[0106] Through the three - level air - cooling dynamic regulation control strategy, the air - cooled integrated photovoltaic and energy storage cabinet of this application can intelligently match the cold air volume and air duct distribution according to the real - time temperature distribution. It not only avoids excessive cooling and energy consumption waste under low load, but also achieves accurate compensation of temperature differences under medium load, and more provides forced cooling protection under extreme high - temperature conditions. The air - cooling regulation control not only significantly improves the temperature consistency and heat dissipation efficiency of the battery pack 13, but also reduces energy consumption, extends the life of components, and enhances the operation reliability of the air - cooled integrated photovoltaic and energy storage cabinet of this application in a variable outdoor environment.

[0107] In some embodiments, the hazardous gas sensor 55, smoke sensor, temperature sensor, audible and visual alarm 56, fire extinguishing device 53, first fan 51, and second fan 52 in the fire protection module are interconnected and managed by the industrial control system. If the battery cluster module overheats and a fire occurs in the battery compartment 1, the industrial control system will activate the fire protection module to extinguish the fire. The air-cooled solar-storage integrated cabinet is equipped with a comprehensive fire control system, which includes three fire control levels;

[0108] Level 1 alarm (early warning mode): When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the battery compartment 1 exceeds the set value and the concentrations of smoke and combustible gas are within the safe range, the industrial control body starts the first fan 51 and the second fan 52, opens the fresh air inlet outside the compartment for sufficient ventilation, and the thermal management module is fully activated for cooling. At the same time, the sound and light alarm 56 is triggered to prompt the operator to cool down on the spot and check the cause of the temperature increase. There is no need to start fire extinguishing to avoid accidental injury to the battery pack 13;

[0109] Level 2 alarm (exhaust explosion-proof mode): If the harmful gas sensor 55 exceeds the limit and the temperature and smoke concentration are still below the threshold, the industrial control body starts the first fan 51 and the second fan 52 at full speed. The first fan 51 and the second fan 52 form an "upward suction and downward exhaust" exhaust channel, quickly extracting the high-density harmful gas out of the cabin, while maintaining the sound and light alarm;

[0110] Level 3 alarm (full fire extinguishing mode): When any two or more of the smoke concentration, temperature, and combustible gas concentration simultaneously exceed their respective warning thresholds, the industrial control body shuts down the first fan 51 and the second fan 52 to prevent the ingress of combustion-supporting gas, automatically opens the aerosol fire extinguishing device 53, releases the fire extinguishing agent to cover the interior of the battery compartment 1 for fire extinguishing, and continuously activates the sound and light alarm 56 to remind on-site personnel to evacuate;

[0111] The air-cooled integrated photovoltaic and storage cabinet of the present application adopts the three-level linkage strategy of the fire control and control system, combined with the two fan modes of "top air intake - bottom exhaust" and "ventilation shutdown - fire extinguishing start", which effectively avoids the disadvantages of accidental fire extinguishing, insufficient exhaust or excessive cooling. In the early warning stage, the high-temperature battery cluster module is quickly cooled; in the stage where the gas exceeds the standard, it ensures that combustible gas does not accumulate; and in the stage where a fire occurs, the fire extinguishing is started in time, which effectively improves the safety protection capability of the battery compartment 1 and the stability of the integrated cabinet.

[0112] In some embodiments, the industrial control entity can also intelligently manage the power of each power module according to the client's load size, and adjust the output of each power module such as photovoltaic, diesel generation, and energy storage systems.

[0113] In the description of this specification, if the reference terms "one embodiment," "some examples," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" appear, it means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0114] The above describes the implementation methods of the present application in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above implementation methods. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in the technical field without departing from the purpose of the present application.

Claims

1. An air-cooled, integrated light and storage cabinet, characterized by: include Battery compartment; a battery cluster module, disposed in the battery compartment, comprising at least one battery cluster, wherein the battery cluster comprises a plurality of battery packs; A thermal management module, comprising an industrial air conditioner, a top air duct and a vertical air duct, wherein the top air duct is arranged on the top of the battery compartment and the vertical air duct is arranged on both sides of the battery cluster; Among them, the air outlet of the industrial air conditioner faces the air inlet of the top air duct, the air outlet of the top air duct is connected with the air inlet of the vertical air duct, and the vertical air duct is provided with multiple ventilation holes connected one by one with the battery packs, and the area of the ventilation holes gradually decreases along the airflow direction.

2. The air-cooled optical storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top air duct is provided with a first partition, the first partition is provided with a first through hole, the first partition divides the top air duct into a first top air duct and a second top air duct, the first top air duct and the second top air duct are connected through the first through hole, the vertical air duct is provided with a vertical partition plate, the vertical partition plate divides the vertical air duct into a first vertical air duct and a second vertical air duct, the first top air duct is connected to the first vertical air duct, the second top air duct is connected to the second vertical air duct, the ventilation holes of the first vertical air duct are connected to the upper half of the battery cluster, and the ventilation holes of the second vertical air duct are connected to the lower half of the battery cluster.

3. The air-cooled optical storage cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery cluster module includes two groups of battery clusters, and the top air duct is also provided with two second partitions, which are arranged perpendicular to the first partition. The two second partitions divide the top air duct into two side air ducts and a middle air duct. The middle air duct is connected to the vertical air duct between the two groups of battery clusters, and the first partition is arranged on the side air duct.

4. The air-cooled integrated light storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a shock-absorbing mounting module, through which the battery pack is fixed to the battery compartment. The shock-absorbing mounting module includes a first fixing component, a second fixing component and a shock-absorbing component. The second fixing component, the shock-absorbing component and the first fixing component are stacked and installed in sequence.

5. The air-cooled integrated light storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a fire-fighting module, which includes a fire-fighting device, a first fan and a second fan. The fire-fighting device is arranged in the battery compartment, the first fan is arranged at the top of one side of the battery compartment, and the second fan is arranged at the bottom of the opposite side of the battery compartment.

6. The air-cooled integrated light storage cabinet according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fire protection module further includes a harmful gas sensor, a smoke and temperature sensor, and an audible and visual alarm. The harmful gas sensor and the smoke and temperature sensor are both arranged on the inner side of the battery compartment, and the audible and visual alarm is arranged on the outer side of the battery compartment.

7. The air-cooled optical storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a hybrid inverter module and a distribution cabin. The hybrid inverter module includes a hybrid inverter, and the hybrid inverter is arranged on the distribution cabin.

8. The air-cooled integrated light storage cabinet according to claim 7, characterized in that: The distribution cabin also includes a distribution module, which includes a busbar, a switch component, a lightning protection component and a quick interface. The busbar, the switch component and the lightning protection component are arranged on the distribution cabin, and the quick interface is arranged on the outside of the distribution cabin.

9. A control method for an air-cooled optical storage cabinet, characterized in that: The air-cooled integrated light storage cabinet is the air-cooled integrated light storage cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: Collect environmental parameter information inside the battery compartment; According to the environmental parameter information, the operating status of the thermal management module and the fire protection module are dynamically adjusted to achieve temperature control and safety protection inside the battery compartment.

10. The control method of the air-cooled optical storage cabinet according to claim 9, characterized in that: The environmental parameter information includes temperature information of the battery pack and the battery compartment, gas concentration information, and smoke concentration information; The dynamic adjustment includes: Adjust the air volume and air duct distribution of the thermal management module according to temperature information; Control ventilation mode based on gas concentration information; The start and stop of the sound and light alarm and fire extinguishing device are controlled in conjunction with the changes in smoke concentration and temperature.

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