Ultra-wideband dual-circularly-polarized optical transparent array antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra wide band dual circular polarization optical transparent array antenna, the structures of an antenna upper layer and an antenna lower layer are made of metal mesh (METAL MESH FILM) conductive film materials, an antenna dielectric substrate is made of PET materials, and the two materials have optical transparent performance. The upper layer of the antenna structure adopts a horseshoe-shaped slot structure to realize a wider axial ratio frequency band and an impedance frequency band, the lower layer of the antenna unit structure adopts a two-side symmetrical feed structure shaped like a Chinese character'shi 'to respectively realize left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization, and eight ports are divided into two groups through a feed network and are connected through a feed network of a T-shaped power divider. Therefore, the dual-circular polarization performance of the array antenna is realized. The invention has the advantages of wide frequency band, wide axial ratio bandwidth, optical transparency and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ultra-wideband circularly polarized antennas, and in particular to an ultra-wideband dual-circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern communication technology, antennas have become an indispensable terminal device. Among various antennas, transparent antennas have attracted widespread attention due to their optical transparency and are being applied in many engineering scenarios, such as attachment to car windshields for vehicle communications, integration of solar panels for satellite communications, glass curtain wall surfaces of buildings, and integration of transparent antennas into smart glasses.

[0003] In order to meet the needs of wireless communication systems that are becoming increasingly complex due to rapid development, antennas with wideband and circularly polarized wave radiation characteristics are essential. Circularly polarized antennas have the following advantages: (1) Circularly polarized antennas can effectively prevent multipath interference and fading; (2) Circularly polarized antennas can effectively reduce the Faraday rotation effect caused by the ionosphere. The Faraday rotation effect causes at least 3dB of loss in linearly polarized antennas, while circularly polarized antennas can avoid this loss; (3) Circularly polarized antennas can receive and radiate polarized waves of any form, avoiding the problem of polarization mismatch loss caused by polarization deviation between the transmitting and receiving antennas.

[0004] The advantage of circularly polarized antennas is that they maintain stable received signal strength regardless of whether the antenna is in motion or stationary. This is particularly advantageous for mobile satellite communications, where maintaining a constant antenna orientation is difficult. Consequently, circularly polarized antennas have emerged as a popular choice in wireless communications systems, leveraging these advantages and finding widespread application in various areas of satellite communications, such as GPS navigation systems, 5G communications, and other satellite communications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: An ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna comprises an upper metal grid conductive film, a middle dielectric substrate, and a lower metal grid conductive film arranged from top to bottom, wherein: The upper metal grid conductive film 1 includes a plurality of horseshoe-shaped gap structures 16, 17, 18, and 19 etched on the metal grid conductive film, and the metal grid conductive film 1 is flat on the entire upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate 2; The middle dielectric substrate 2 is made of optically transparent PET material; The lower metal grid conductive film 3 is a feeding layer, including symmetrically arranged "Shi"-shaped feeding structures 31 and 32, which are connected through a T-shaped power divider 35 to form a feeding network. The metal grid conductive film 3 is flat on the lower surface of the entire lower dielectric substrate 2.

[0007] Furthermore, the horseshoe-shaped gap structure is symmetrically distributed with the same center spacing, including a circular gap 11, a rectangular gap 12, and a rectangular gap 13 with rounded corners on the same side. The protruding rectangular gap 13 with rounded corners on the same side in the horseshoe-shaped gap structure is a metal mesh conductive film, and the rectangular gap 13 with rounded corners on the same side is a rectangular structure with the two corners on the same side cut off to become rounded corners 14 and 15.

[0008] Furthermore, the "T"-shaped feeding structures 31 and 32 are divided into two groups, and the feeding ports of the two T-shaped feeding networks in each group are located on both sides of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 2, wherein the first rectangular structure 33 of the feeding port adopts a gradient structure for impedance matching, and the second rectangular structure 34 is parallel to the rectangular structure 33.

[0009] Furthermore, impedance converters 36, 37, 38, and 39 are provided on the lower metal grid conductive film, and the impedance converters are not located at the center of the microstrip line.

[0010] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The horseshoe-shaped slot antenna structure and the inverted earth-shaped feeding structure are adopted to broaden the circular polarization bandwidth, with a simple structure and easy integration; (2) Dual circular polarization is achieved by distributing the inverted U-shaped feed structure on the same side of the antenna, which is highly flexible. (3) The use of metal grid conductive film and transparent PET material as the dielectric substrate has high light transmittance and low antenna structure profile. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a side view of the ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 The upper layer of the ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna of the present invention is a horseshoe-shaped slot structure made of a metal mesh (METAL MESHFILM) conductive film material.

[0013] Figure 3 The invention relates to an ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna, the middle layer of which is a dielectric substrate made of PET material.

[0014] Figure 4 The lower layer of the ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna of the present invention is a feeding network made of a metal mesh (METAL MESHFILM) conductive film material.

[0015] Figure 5 This is the S11 curve of the ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna of the present invention. Figure 6 This is an axial ratio curve diagram of the ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 7 This is a gain curve diagram of the ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 8 This is the xoz surface radiation pattern of the ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna of the present invention.

[0018] FIG9 is a xoy radiation pattern of the ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna of the present invention. Figure 10 These are the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna of the present invention at 4 GHz. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concepts of the present invention are protected.

[0020] The present invention discloses an ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna having the advantages of wide bandwidth, wide axial ratio bandwidth, and optical transparency. The antenna upper layer 1 and the antenna lower layer 3 are constructed using a metal mesh (METAL MESH FILM) conductive film material, and the antenna dielectric substrate 2 is constructed using a PET material. Both materials have optical transparency. The upper layer of the antenna structure adopts a horseshoe-shaped slot structure to achieve a wider axial ratio frequency band and impedance frequency band. The lower layer of the antenna unit structure adopts a bilaterally symmetrical feeding structure in the shape of a chevron to respectively achieve left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization. Eight ports are divided into two groups through a feeding network and connected using a T-shaped power divider feeding network, thereby achieving dual circular polarization performance of the array antenna.

[0021] Combine Figures 1 to 4 The present invention provides an ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna, comprising an upper metal mesh film conductive film 1, a middle dielectric substrate 2, and a metal mesh film conductive film 3 arranged from top to bottom, wherein: The upper metal mesh film 1 is formed by etching four horseshoe-shaped slot structures. The four horseshoe-shaped slot structures 16, 17, 18, and 19 are respectively located at four right angles of the upper metal mesh film 1. The metal mesh film covers the entire upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate 2.

[0022] The middle layer dielectric substrate 2 is an optically transparent PET dielectric substrate; The metal mesh film (METAL MESH FILM) conductive film 3 is spread over the entire lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate 2. The eight V-shaped feeding ports are divided into two groups, with four ports in each group connected by two T-shaped feeding networks. The feeding ports 31 and 32 of the two T-shaped feeding networks are located on both sides of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 2. As a specific example, the horseshoe-shaped gap structure is composed of a circular gap 11, a rectangular gap 12, and a rectangular gap 3. The protruding rounded rectangle 13 on the same side of the gap structure is a metal mesh (METAL MESH FILM) conductive film. The rounded rectangle 13 on the same side is a rectangular structure with the two corners on the same side cut off to become rounded corners 14 and 15. As a specific example, the middle dielectric substrate 2 is an optically transparent PET dielectric substrate, and a metal mesh film conductive film etched with a horseshoe-shaped gap structure is located on the upper surface of the middle dielectric substrate 2. A feed network using the metal mesh film conductive film is located on the lower surface of the middle dielectric substrate 2.

[0023] As a specific example, the feeding network using a metal mesh (METAL MESH FILM) conductive film is divided into two groups of eight V-shaped feeding ports, one group of four being connected by two T-shaped feeding networks. The feeding ports 31 and 32 of the two T-shaped feeding networks are located on both sides of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 2. The rectangular structure 33 of the V-shaped feeding port uses a gradient structure 35 for impedance matching, and the rectangular structure 34 is parallel to the rectangular structure 33.

[0024] As a specific example, the thickness of the middle-layer dielectric substrate 2 is 0.8 mm.

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Example 1 Combine Figures 1 to 4The ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna of the present invention includes an upper metal mesh film conductive film 1, a middle dielectric substrate 2, and an upper metal mesh film conductive film 3. The upper metal mesh film conductive film 1 is composed of a metal mesh film having four horseshoe-shaped slot structures 16, 17, 18, and 19 etched therein. The four horseshoe-shaped slot structures are symmetrically distributed with the same center spacing. The middle dielectric substrate 2 is an optically transparent PET dielectric substrate, and the metal mesh film conductive film having the horseshoe-shaped slot structure etched therein is located on the upper surface of the middle dielectric substrate 2. A feed network using a metal mesh film conductive film is located on the lower surface of the middle dielectric substrate 2. This feed network, using metal mesh film conductive film, consists of eight V-shaped feed ports divided into two groups, one group of four connected by two T-shaped feed networks. Four pairs of V-shaped feed ports 311, 312, 313, and 314 are symmetrically distributed on either side of the horseshoe-shaped gap structure. The rectangular structure 33 of the V-shaped feed port is parallel to the rectangular structure 34, and 35 is a gradual impedance match between the microstrip line and the rectangular structure 33. Impedance converters 36, 37, 38, and 39 are slightly offset from the center of the microstrip line due to phase adjustment. Feed ports 31 and 32 of the two T-shaped feed networks are located on either side of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 2. The design process of the present invention is as follows: (1) The upper metal mesh (METAL MESH FILM) conductive film has a square resistance of 0.15Ω and a transmittance of 80%-90%.

[0027] (2) The middle dielectric substrate is PET with a dielectric constant of 3.0, a thickness of 0.8 mm, and a light transmittance of more than 95%; (3) The lower metal mesh (METAL MESH FILM) conductive film has a square resistance of 0.15Ω and a transmittance of 80%-90%.

[0028] (4) The antenna adopts a wide-slot structure to achieve ultra-wideband performance.

[0029] Combine Figures 1 to 4 The ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna of the present invention has a metal mesh (METALMESH FILM) conductive film 1 on the upper layer, with a square resistance of 0.15Ω and a size of 132mm. 132mm. The material of the middle dielectric substrate 2 is PET, with a dielectric constant of =3.0, thickness H1=0.8mm, size is 132mm 132mm 0.8mm; the lower layer is a metal mesh (METALMESH FILM) conductive film 1, with a square resistance of 0.15Ω and a size of 132mm 132mm, the radius of the circular gap is 17.5mm, and the size of the rounded rectangle on the same side protruding inside the gap is 17.75mm 19.5mm, the main purpose is to form structural asymmetry above and below the gap to achieve circular polarization performance, the main purpose of the V-shaped feeding structure is to achieve impedance matching to form ultra-wideband performance, and the progressive microstrip line 35 is also for a wider impedance matching bandwidth.

[0030] Figure 5 This is the S11 curve of the miniaturized broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention. The operating frequency band of the miniaturized broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna is 1.83~7.93GHz, the absolute bandwidth is 6.1GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 160.1%. This antenna has a wide operating frequency band.

[0031] Figure 6 This is the axial ratio 1-port working curve of the ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna of the present invention. The axial ratio frequency band of the miniaturized broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna is 2.46~6.53GHz, the absolute axial ratio bandwidth is 4.07GHz, and the relative axial ratio bandwidth is 101.5%.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a two-port working axial ratio curve of the ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna of the present invention. The axial ratio frequency band of the miniaturized broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna is 2.78~6.68GHz, the absolute axial ratio bandwidth is 3.90 GHz, and the relative axial ratio bandwidth is 90.5%.

[0033] Figure 8 The graph is a graph showing the variation of the main polarization gain of the ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna of the present invention with respect to frequency, and the peak gain is 18.6 dBi.

[0034] Figure 9 These are the radiation patterns of the E-plane and H-plane of the ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna of the present invention at 3 GHz.

[0035] Figure 10 The radiation patterns of the ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna of the present invention on the E-plane and H-plane at 4 GHz are as follows: In summary, the ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna of the present invention has a wide frequency band and axial ratio bandwidth, high gain within the operating frequency band, a stable radiation pattern, a simple structure, and is easy to manufacture and implement.

[0036] Specific embodiments are used in the present invention to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core ideas. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0037] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described herein are intended to help readers understand the principles of the present invention, and it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to such specific descriptions and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific variations and combinations based on the technical teachings disclosed in the present invention without departing from the essence of the present invention, and such variations and combinations are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna, characterized in that: It includes an upper-layer metal grid conductive film (1), a middle-layer dielectric substrate (2), and a lower-layer metal grid conductive film (3) arranged from top to bottom. Among them: The upper-layer metal grid conductive film (1) is formed by etching a metal grid conductive film with multiple horseshoe-shaped slit structures (16), (17), (18), (19). The metal grid conductive film (1) covers the entire upper surface of the lower-layer dielectric substrate (2). The middle-layer dielectric substrate (2) is made of optically transparent PET material. The lower-layer metal grid conductive film (3) is a feeding layer, including symmetrically arranged "plus-minus" shaped feeding structures (31), (32), and a feeding network is formed by connecting through a T-shaped power divider (35). The metal grid conductive film (3) covers the entire lower surface of the lower-layer dielectric substrate (2).

2. The ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 3. The ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 4. The ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized optically transparent array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: ​

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