Ice cream sweet potato cultivation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crop cultivation, and particularly discloses an ice cream sweet potato cultivation method which comprises the following steps: performing ice cream sweet potato tissue culture to obtain ice cream sweet potato seedlings; transplanting the ice cream sweet potato tissue culture seedlings into planting cups, and carrying out domestication culture to obtain strong ice cream sweet potato seedlings; deeply ploughing the soil of the planting land, applying a base fertilizer, and transplanting the robust ice cream sweet potato seedlings into the planting land; and performing field management. According to the cultivation method of the ice cream sweet potatoes, the ice cream sweet potatoes are subjected to tissue culture to obtain the ice cream sweet potato seedlings for ice cream sweet potato field planting, compared with cutting cultivation, the species nature of the ice cream sweet potatoes can be kept, the growth period of the ice cream sweet potatoes can be shortened, the growth vigor is good, and the yield and quality of the ice cream sweet potatoes can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop cultivation, in particular to a cultivation method of ice cream sweet potatoes. Background Art

[0002] Sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.), belonging to the Convolvulaceae family, are commonly known as sweet potatoes, yam, and sweet potatoes. Due to their wide range of uses and relatively high nutritional value, sweet potatoes are a widely cultivated root crop in subtropical and temperate regions. Their roots are the primary part of the plant, used as food, supplementary food, feed, and as a raw material for starch and alcohol production through food processing.

[0003] Sweet potatoes are native to tropical America. With the advancement and widespread adoption of cultivation techniques, their primary planting area is no longer limited to southern China, but has now expanded to many provinces across China. Sweet potato fruit, like cereals and potatoes, contains a diverse range of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and plant fiber, making it highly nutritious. They are also easy to cultivate and manage, offer high yields, minimize risks, are less susceptible to pests and diseases, and are highly safe, making them a valuable and important staple food crop in China. To meet consumer tastes, various sweet potato varieties have been developed, including the Ice Cream Sweet Potato, featuring a yellow skin and a golden or clear yellow flesh. Its unique, sweet, and delicate flavor is characterized by moderate sweetness, a fiber-free, residue-free texture, and a soft, glutinous texture similar to ice cream. After baking, it can be refrigerated without sacrificing flavor. It is the only variety certified for baking, steaming, and refrigeration, and is gaining increasing popularity. The development of the Ice Cream Sweet Potato follows years of continuous crossbreeding and trial planting by numerous agricultural experts, ultimately completing the selection process and successfully developing the new variety. However, ice cream sweet potatoes are prone to genetic degeneration and tuber deformity during multi-generation cutting cultivation, which affects taste and quality, results in low yield and poor disease resistance. They are also prone to cracking during the planting process, which not only seriously affects the appearance and commercial value of the sweet potatoes, but also easily causes bacterial infection, leading to rot and deterioration of the sweet potatoes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above shortcomings, the present invention provides a cultivation method of ice cream sweet potato, which can improve the product and quality of ice cream sweet potato. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] A method for cultivating ice cream sweet potatoes comprises the following steps:

[0006] (1) culturing ice cream sweet potato tissue to obtain ice cream sweet potato seedlings;

[0007] (2) transplanting the ice cream sweet potato tissue culture seedlings obtained in step (1) into a planting cup for acclimation and cultivation to obtain robust ice cream sweet potato seedlings;

[0008] (3) deep plowing the soil of the planting site and applying base fertilizer; transplanting the robust ice cream sweet potato seedlings obtained in step (2) into the planting site, planting 3,500 to 4,000 plants per mu, with a row spacing of 80 to 100 cm and a row spacing of 20 to 30 cm;

[0009] (4) Carry out field management;

[0010] In the step (1), the ice cream sweet potato tissue culture specifically includes the following steps:

[0011] S1. Sterilize and germinate the ice cream sweet potato pieces; extract the buds and inoculate them into a primary induction medium for primary induction differentiation culture to obtain sterile buds; S2. Trim the sterile buds into bud stem segments approximately 0.5-1 mm long, and inoculate the lateral bud stem segments into a secondary proliferation medium for secondary culture to form seedlings;

[0012] S3. The seedlings are transferred to a rooting and seedling strengthening medium for rooting culture. The rooting and seedling strengthening medium is a 1 / 2MS medium containing 0.05-0.2 mg / L NAA to obtain strong ice cream sweet potato seedlings.

[0013] Preferably, in the above-mentioned ice cream sweet potato cultivation method, the primary induction culture medium is an MS culture medium containing 0.5-1.5 mg / L BAP (6-benzyladenine) and 0.05-0.4 mg / L brassinolide; the proliferation culture medium is an MS culture medium containing 0.5-1.5 mg / L BAP and 0.05-0.4 mg / L brassinolide.

[0014] Preferably, in the above-mentioned ice cream sweet potato cultivation method, the primary induction medium and the proliferation medium further contain 0.1-0.5 mg / L of amino oligosaccharides. Aminooligosaccharides can act as plant function regulators and antimicrobial agents, activating plant cells and promoting plant growth. Used in the primary induction medium, they can improve the stress resistance of bud tissue, accelerate cell repair, and promote bud differentiation.

[0015] Preferably, in the above-mentioned ice cream sweet potato cultivation method, the rooting and seedling strengthening medium is a 1 / 2 MS medium containing 0.05-0.2 mg / L NAA and 0.5-2 mg / L alginate. The NAA in the rooting and seedling strengthening medium can effectively stimulate root development and promote rapid root growth, while the alginate can stimulate root cell division and elongation. Combining NAA with the alginate not only further promotes root growth but also improves the seedling's stress resistance, facilitating the cultivation of robust ice cream sweet potato seedlings.

[0016] Preferably, in the above-mentioned ice cream sweet potato cultivation method, the tissue culture conditions are: temperature of 25-28° C., light intensity of 2500-3500 lux, and light duration of 12-14 h / d.

[0017] Preferably, in the above-mentioned cultivation method of ice cream sweet potato, in the step (2), the acclimation culture is: placing the planting cup under a sunshade net or in semi-shade for 3 to 5 days, then increasing the sunlight exposure time, from 2 hours of sunlight to full sunlight environment within 5 to 7 days, and then cultivating under natural conditions for another 15 to 30 days, and then transplanting.

[0018] Preferably, in the above-mentioned ice cream sweet potato cultivation method, in the step (3), the soil is sandy and slightly acidic; the soil is deep plowed to a depth of 25 to 30 cm, and the base fertilizer is 2000 to 3000 kg of organic fertilizer, 12 to 15 kg of nitrogen fertilizer (N), 2 to 5 kg of phosphorus fertilizer, and 18 to 25 kg of potassium fertilizer per mu.

[0019] Preferably, in the above-mentioned ice cream sweet potato cultivation method, in the step (4), the field management includes: applying organic calcium magnesium water-soluble fertilizer during the bulking period, applying once every 7 to 9 days, the organic calcium magnesium water-soluble fertilizer has CaO ≥ 15%, and MgO ≥ 5%, the organic calcium magnesium water-soluble fertilizer is diluted 500 to 600 times with water, and 150 to 200 ml is applied to each plant.

[0020] Preferably, in the above-mentioned cultivation method of ice cream sweet potato, in said step (4), field management includes: timely irrigation to replenish moisture when drought occurs during the planting process, and timely removal of waterlogging when waterlogging occurs.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. In the cultivation method of ice cream sweet potatoes of the present invention, ice cream sweet potato seedlings are obtained by tissue culture of ice cream sweet potatoes, which are used for field planting of ice cream sweet potatoes. Compared with cutting cultivation, the seed properties of ice cream sweet potatoes can be maintained, the growth period of ice cream sweet potatoes can be shortened, the growth is good, and the yield and quality of ice cream sweet potatoes can be improved.

[0023] 2. In the cultivation method of ice cream sweet potato of the present invention, the ice cream sweet potato tissue culture includes a primary induction medium, a proliferation medium and a rooting and seedling-strengthening medium, which is used for the tissue culture and rapid propagation of ice cream sweet potato, and can quickly cultivate a large number of robust ice cream sweet potato seedlings. The seedlings have a high germination rate, are strong, have a short growth cycle, and a transplant survival rate of 100%.

[0024] 3. In the cultivation method of ice cream sweet potato of the present invention, the ice cream sweet potato tissue culture seedlings include primary induction medium, secondary proliferation medium and rooting medium. By optimizing the culture medium components, the differentiation and proliferation of buds, the growth of seedlings and the development of the root system are promoted, and the stress resistance of the seedlings is improved. A large number of robust ice cream sweet potato seedlings can be quickly cultivated, thereby improving the yield and quality of ice cream sweet potatoes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a photo of robust ice cream sweet potato seedlings obtained by tissue culture in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 These are photos of the ice cream sweet potatoes grown in Example 1 of the present invention during their growth period;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a photo of an ice cream sweet potato plant harvested in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a photo of the ice cream sweet potatoes harvested in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments. Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or can be prepared by existing methods.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] A method for cultivating ice cream sweet potatoes comprises the following steps:

[0033] (1) culturing ice cream sweet potato tissue to obtain ice cream sweet potato seedlings;

[0034] (2) transplanting the ice cream sweet potato tissue culture seedlings obtained in step (1) into a planting cup, placing them under a sunshade net or in a semi-shade for 1 day, then taking them out of the bottle and planting them in a planting cup filled with culture soil, placing them under a sunshade net or in a semi-shade for 3 days, and then exposing them to sunlight through the sunshade net starting from the 4th day. The sunlight exposure time on the 4th day is 2 hours, increasing by 2 hours every day, and progressing to a full natural sunlight environment on the 8th day; then culturing them in a natural environment for 20 days to obtain strong ice cream sweet potato seedlings;

[0035] (3) Deeply plow the soil of the planting site before transplanting to a depth of 25 to 30 cm, and apply base fertilizer, which is 2500 kg of organic fertilizer, 13 kg of nitrogen fertilizer (N), 3.5 kg of phosphorus fertilizer, and 22 kg of potassium fertilizer per mu; transplant the healthy ice cream sweet potato seedlings obtained in step (2) into the planting site, planting 3800 plants per mu, with a row spacing of 70 cm*25 cm;

[0036] (4) Apply organic calcium magnesium water-soluble fertilizer during the bulking period, once every 7 days, for a total of 2 times. The organic calcium magnesium water-soluble fertilizer should contain CaO ≥ 15% and MgO ≥ 5%. The organic calcium magnesium water-soluble fertilizer should be diluted 500 times with water and 180 ml should be applied to each plant. Harvest and obtain ice cream sweet potatoes.

[0037] In step (1), the ice cream sweet potato tissue culture specifically includes the following steps:

[0038] S1. Soak the ice cream sweet potato pieces in 70% ethanol for 2 minutes, then rinse with sterile water. Then, soak them in 0.1% mercuric chloride solution for 8 minutes, rinse repeatedly with sterile water, and germinate in a greenhouse. Buds were removed and inoculated into MS medium containing 1.0 mg / L BAP and 0.2 mg / L brassinolide for primary induction differentiation. Culture was performed for 20-25 days to obtain sterile buds.

[0039] S2. Trim the sterile buds into bud stem segments approximately 0.8 mm long. Inoculate the bud stem segments into a subculture proliferation medium containing 1.0 mg / L BAP and 0.2 mg / L brassinolide for 35–40 days to form seedlings.

[0040] S3. The seedlings are transferred to a rooting and seedling strengthening medium for rooting culture for 20 to 25 days. The rooting and seedling strengthening medium is a 1 / 2MS medium containing 0.1 mg / L NAA to obtain strong ice cream sweet potato seedlings.

[0041] The above tissue culture conditions are: temperature of 25°C, light intensity of 3000 lux, and light duration of 14 h / d.

[0042] The cultivation method of Example 1 was used to plant ice cream sweet potatoes. The planting was carried out in spring from March to April. The yield of ice cream sweet potatoes was 4000 to 4300 kilograms. The photos of the harvested sweet potatoes are shown in FIG. Figure 3 and Figure 4 , each plant produces a large number of sweet potatoes, and the sweet potatoes are uniform in size.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] A method for cultivating ice cream sweet potatoes comprises the following steps:

[0045] (1) culturing ice cream sweet potato tissue to obtain ice cream sweet potato seedlings;

[0046] (2) transplanting the ice cream sweet potato tissue culture seedlings obtained in step (1) into a planting cup, placing them under a sunshade net or in a semi-shade for 1 day, then taking them out of the bottle and planting them in a planting cup filled with culture soil, placing them under a sunshade net or in a semi-shade for 3 days, and then exposing them to sunlight through the sunshade net starting from the 4th day. The sunlight exposure time on the 4th day is 2 hours, increasing by 2 hours every day, and progressing to a full natural sunlight environment on the 8th day; then culturing them in a natural environment for 20 days to obtain strong ice cream sweet potato seedlings;

[0047] (3) Deeply plow the soil of the planting site before transplanting to a depth of 25 to 30 cm, and apply base fertilizer, which is 2500 kg of organic fertilizer, 13 kg of nitrogen fertilizer (N), 3.5 kg of phosphorus fertilizer, and 22 kg of potassium fertilizer per mu; transplant the healthy ice cream sweet potato seedlings obtained in step (2) into the planting site, planting 3800 plants per mu, with a row spacing of 70 cm*25 cm;

[0048] (4) Apply organic calcium magnesium water-soluble fertilizer during the bulking period, once every 7 days, for a total of 2 times. The organic calcium magnesium water-soluble fertilizer should contain CaO ≥ 15% and MgO ≥ 5%. The organic calcium magnesium water-soluble fertilizer should be diluted 500 times with water and 180m3 should be applied to each plant.

[0049] In step (1), the ice cream sweet potato tissue culture specifically includes the following steps:

[0050] S1. Soak the ice cream sweet potato pieces in 70% ethanol for 2 minutes, then rinse with sterile water. Then, soak them in 0.1% mercuric chloride solution for 8 minutes, rinse repeatedly with sterile water, and germinate in a greenhouse. Buds were removed and inoculated into MS medium containing 1.0 mg / L BAP, 0.2 mg / L brassinolide, and 0.3 mg / L amino oligosaccharides for primary induction differentiation. Culture for 20-25 days to obtain sterile buds.

[0051] S2. Trim the sterile buds into 0.8 mm long bud stem segments. Inoculate these segments into a subculture proliferation medium containing 1.0 mg / L BAP, 0.2 mg / L brassinolide, and 0.3 mg / L amino oligosaccharides for 35–40 days to form seedlings.

[0052] S3. The seedlings were transferred to a rooting and seedling strengthening medium for rooting culture. The rooting and seedling strengthening medium was a 1 / 2 MS medium containing 0.1 mg / L NAA and 1.0 mg / L alginate. The culture was carried out for 20 to 25 days to obtain strong ice cream sweet potato seedlings.

[0053] The above tissue culture conditions are: temperature of 25°C, light intensity of 3000 lux, and light duration of 14 h / d.

[0054] The cultivation method of Example 1 is used to plant ice cream sweet potatoes in spring from March to April. The yield of ice cream sweet potatoes is 4,700 to 5,000 kilograms. The number of potatoes per plant is large and the sweet potatoes are uniform in size.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that the content of brassinolide in the primary induction culture medium is different (see Table 1), and the rest is the same as embodiment 1.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the content of amino oligosaccharides in the primary induction culture medium is different (see Table 1), and the rest is the same as embodiment 2.

[0059] Comparative Example 1

[0060] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the primary induction culture medium contains 1.0 mg / L BAP and 0.1 mg / L NAA (naphthaleneacetic acid) MS medium, and the other components are the same as those in Example 1.

[0061] Comparative Example 2

[0062] The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that the content of amino oligosaccharides in the primary induction culture medium is 1.0 mg / L, and the other components are the same as those in Example 2.

[0063] Test Example 1

[0064] Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were set up and primary induction differentiation culture was performed according to the corresponding methods. Each group had 30 buds and was cultured for 30 days. The number of buds and the induction rate of each group were counted. The results are shown in Table 1. The results show that the use of the primary induction culture medium of the present invention can promote bud differentiation and improve the induced survival rate.

[0065] Table 1 Differentiation induction in each group

[0066]

[0067] Example 5

[0068] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the content of the components in the rooting medium is different (see Table 2), and the rest is the same as embodiment 1.

[0069] Comparative Example 3

[0070] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the content of the components in the rooting medium is different (see Table 2), and the rest is the same as embodiment 1.

[0071] According to Example 1, primary induction culture and secondary proliferation culture were performed for 30 days to obtain seedlings, which were then inoculated into rooting medium for cultivation in each group. Each group contained 20 seedlings. After 10 days of cultivation, the rooting rate, root number, and growth of the seedlings were investigated. Rooting rate (%) = number of rooted seedlings / total number of inoculated seedlings × 100%. The root number results were averaged. Specific results are shown in Table 2. As can be seen from the table, the seedlings cultured using the rooting medium of the present invention achieved a rooting rate of 100%, a large number of roots, and good growth. The rooting medium of the present invention is suitable for rooting and strengthening ice cream seedlings.

[0072] Table 2 Rooting of seedlings in each group

[0073]

[0074] The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are for purposes of illustration and description. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it is apparent that many variations and modifications are possible in light of the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments have been selected and described for the purpose of explaining the specific principles of the invention and their practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to realize and utilize a variety of exemplary embodiments of the invention and various options and modifications. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating ice cream sweet potatoes, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) culturing ice cream sweet potato tissue to obtain ice cream sweet potato seedlings; (2) transplanting the ice cream sweet potato tissue culture seedlings obtained in step (1) into a planting cup for acclimation and cultivation to obtain robust ice cream sweet potato seedlings; (3) deep plowing the soil of the planting site and applying base fertilizer; transplanting the robust ice cream sweet potato seedlings obtained in step (2) into the planting site, planting 3,500 to 4,000 plants per mu, with a row spacing of 70 to 100 cm and a row spacing of 20 to 30 cm; (4) Carry out field management; In the step (1), the ice cream sweet potato tissue culture specifically includes the following steps: S1. Sterilize and germinate the ice cream sweet potato pieces; take the buds and inoculate them into the primary induction medium for primary induction differentiation culture to obtain sterile buds; S2. Trim the sterile buds into bud stem segments approximately 0.5 to 1 mm long, and inoculate the lateral bud stem segments into a subculture proliferation medium for subculture to form seedlings; S3. The seedlings are transferred to a rooting and seedling strengthening medium for rooting culture. The rooting and seedling strengthening medium is a 1 / 2MS medium containing 0.05-0.2 mg / L NAA to obtain strong ice cream sweet potato seedlings.

2. The cultivation method of ice cream sweet potato according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary induction culture medium is an MS culture medium containing 0.5-1.5 mg / L BAP and 0.05-0.4 mg / L brassinolide; the proliferation culture medium is an MS culture medium containing 0.5-1.5 mg / L BAP and 0.05-0.4 mg / L brassinolide.

3. The cultivation method of ice cream sweet potato according to claim 2, characterized in that: The primary induction culture medium and the proliferation culture medium also contain 0.1-0.5 mg / L amino oligosaccharide.

4. The method for cultivating ice cream sweet potatoes according to claim 1, wherein: The rooting and seedling-strengthening culture medium is a 1 / 2MS culture medium containing 0.05-0.2 mg / L NAA and 0.5-2 mg / L alginate.

5. The cultivation method of ice cream sweet potato according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tissue culture conditions are: temperature of 25-28° C., light intensity of 2500-3500 lux, and light exposure time of 12-14 h / d.

6. The method for cultivating ice cream sweet potatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (2), the acclimation culture is as follows: placing under a sunshade net or in a semi-shaded place for 3 to 5 days, then increasing the sunlight exposure time, from 2 hours of sunlight to a full sunlight environment within 5 to 7 days, and then cultivating under natural conditions for another 15 to 30 days, and then transplanting.

7. The method for cultivating ice cream sweet potatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (3), the soil is sandy and slightly acidic; the soil is deep-plowed to a depth of 25 to 30 cm, and the base fertilizer is 2000 to 3000 kg of organic fertilizer, 12 to 15 kg of nitrogen fertilizer (N), 2 to 5 kg of phosphorus fertilizer, and 18 to 25 kg of potassium fertilizer per mu.

8. The method for cultivating ice cream sweet potatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (4), the field management includes: applying organic calcium magnesium water-soluble fertilizer during the bulking period, applying once every 7 to 9 days, and applying 2 to 3 times in total, the organic calcium magnesium water-soluble fertilizer contains CaO ≥ 15%, MgO ≥ 5%, the organic calcium magnesium water-soluble fertilizer is diluted 500 to 600 times with water, and 150 to 200 ml is applied to each plant.

9. The method for cultivating ice cream sweet potatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), field management includes: timely irrigation to replenish moisture during droughts and timely removal of waterlogging.

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