Metal powder 3D printing apparatus

Abstract

The application relates to the field of 3D printing, and discloses a metal powder 3D printing device which comprises a shell, a valve is slidably sleeved on the front and back sides of the shell, a feeding mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the shell, the feeding mechanism is composed of a powder shell, a pushing mechanism and a carrying mechanism, a main shaft mechanism is movably sleeved at the middle part of the powder shell, a mounting plate is movably sleeved on the upper part of the main shaft mechanism, the mounting plate is fixedly sleeved on the upper part of the inner cavity of the shell, and mounting grooves are arranged on the left and right sides of the mounting plate. By replacing different light mode mechanisms and adopting high-power lasers with light-converging areas covering the surface of the mask block, quick and high-precision printing of the whole 3D model section is realized, and the problems of long printing time and low precision of the existing reciprocating scanning type laser printing device are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of 3D printing technology, and more particularly to a metal powder 3D printing device. Background Technology

[0002] Metal powder 3D printing equipment is an advanced manufacturing technology that uses a layer-by-layer material addition method to build three-dimensional solids, making it particularly suitable for manufacturing complex geometries. This type of equipment is widely used in aerospace, automotive, medical device, and many other fields.

[0003] Existing metal 3D printing equipment typically employs a reciprocating scanning laser printing method, where a laser head scans the powder layer point by point or line by line to complete the cross-section shaping. This method suffers from low printing efficiency, poor forming accuracy, complex equipment structure, and high maintenance costs. Furthermore, the metal powder is prone to uneven distribution during the printing process, leading to unstable printing quality. In addition, existing equipment often operates independently in auxiliary processes such as powder filling and laying, making it difficult to achieve synchronous and coordinated operation of multiple processes, which further affects the overall printing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application proposes a metal powder 3D printing device with the advantages of simultaneous process and high printing efficiency, in order to solve the problem of low printing efficiency of scanning metal powder 3D printing devices.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: a metal powder 3D printing device, including a housing, with valves slidably sleeved on the front and rear sides of the housing, and further comprising:

[0006] A feeding mechanism is disposed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the outer casing;

[0007] The feeding mechanism consists of a powder shell, a leveling mechanism, and a loading mechanism.

[0008] A main shaft mechanism, which is movably sleeved in the middle of the powder shell;

[0009] Mounting plate, which is movably sleeved on the upper part of the main shaft mechanism and fixedly sleeved on the upper part of the inner cavity of the outer shell, with mounting grooves on the left and right sides of the mounting plate;

[0010] Two retraction and extension mechanisms are respectively disposed in the middle of two mounting slots;

[0011] Two laser mechanisms are arranged on the front and rear sides of the bottom surface of the mounting plate;

[0012] A turntable is movably sleeved on the upper part of the main shaft mechanism. The turntable is movably sleeved with the outer shell. Multiple limiting holes are fixedly installed equidistantly on the upper surface of the turntable. The mounting plate is located above the turntable.

[0013] Multiple support mechanisms are provided, and the multiple support mechanisms are respectively disposed in the middle of multiple limiting holes;

[0014] Multiple optical pattern mechanisms are respectively arranged in the middle of the take-up and release mechanism and the support mechanism.

[0015] Preferably, the powder shell includes a powder trough, which is formed on the upper surface of the powder shell. Guide grooves are symmetrically formed on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the powder trough, and the loading mechanism is arranged in the middle of the guide groove.

[0016] Preferably, the flattening mechanism includes a connecting ring, which is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the main shaft mechanism. Multiple push plates are fixedly installed at equal intervals around the bottom circumference of the connecting ring, and the bottom surface of the push plates is a smooth plane.

[0017] Preferably, the loading mechanism includes a first threaded seat, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the guide groove. A first threaded rod is movably sleeved on the middle of the first threaded seat. A first gear is fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the first threaded rod. The loading seat is threadedly connected to the top of the first threaded rod. The loading seat is slidably sleeved with the guide groove. A vent hole is opened in the middle of the first threaded rod. The fit clearance between the loading seat and the guide groove is less than the minimum diameter of the metal powder for printing. The thread direction of the first threaded rod of the loading mechanism on the front side is opposite to that of the loading mechanism on the rear side.

[0018] Preferably, the main shaft mechanism includes a main shaft, which is movably sleeved in the middle of the powder shell. A driven wheel is fixedly sleeved at the top of the main shaft, a first intermittent wheel is fixedly sleeved at the top of the main shaft, and a second intermittent wheel is fixedly sleeved at the bottom of the main shaft. The second intermittent wheel intermittently meshes with a first gear. A connecting ring is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the main shaft, and a gap is left between the main shaft and the middle of the powder shell.

[0019] Preferably, the take-up and release mechanism includes a circular sleeve, which is fixedly fitted into the middle of the mounting groove. Multiple guide rods are equidistantly fixedly installed on the inner circumference of the circular sleeve's curved surface. A second threaded seat is fixedly installed on the upper part of the inner cavity of the circular sleeve. A second threaded rod is threadedly connected to the middle of the second threaded seat. A second gear is slidably fitted onto the upper part of the second threaded rod. The second gear intermittently meshes with a first intermittent wheel. The first intermittent wheel is slidably fitted onto the middle of the second gear. A magnetic plate is movably fitted onto the bottom of the second threaded rod. The magnetic plate is slidably fitted onto the circular sleeve and the guide rods. The thread direction of the second threaded seat of the take-up and release mechanism on the left side is opposite to that of the take-up and release mechanism on the right side.

[0020] Preferably, the laser mechanism includes a laser housing, which is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the mounting plate. A laser is fixedly installed at the top of the inner cavity of the laser housing, and a lens is fixedly sleeved at the bottom of the inner cavity of the laser housing.

[0021] Preferably, the support mechanism includes a limiting sleeve, which is fixedly fitted onto the bottom of the curved surface inside the limiting hole. Multiple limiting blocks are fixedly installed at equal intervals around the top circumference of the limiting sleeve, and the limiting blocks are fixedly connected to the limiting hole.

[0022] Preferably, the optical model mechanism includes a mask sleeve, which is slidably sleeved in the middle of a circular sleeve. The mask sleeve is slidably sleeved with a guide rod. A mask block is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the mask sleeve, and multiple mask blocks are respectively etched with cross-sectional light-transmitting patterns at different heights of the 3D model.

[0023] Preferably, a first driving member is fixedly installed on the left side of the housing, a first drive wheel is fixedly installed at the output end of the first driving member, the first drive wheel meshes with the turntable, and a second driving member is fixedly installed on the front side of the upper surface of the mounting plate, a second drive wheel is fixedly installed at the output end of the second driving member.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. In this invention, the second driving component is activated in a forward direction. The output end of the second driving component drives the main spindle mechanism to rotate via the second drive wheel. The main spindle mechanism drives the carrier seat of the rear loading mechanism to move downward a short distance, while simultaneously driving the carrier seat of the front loading mechanism to move upward a short distance. This causes the metal powder in the guide groove cavity on the front side to move upward, filling the metal powder in the powder tank cavity. This achieves continuous and automatic replenishment of the metal powder consumed by the printing of the rear 3D model. At the same time, the rotating loading mechanism pushes the metal powder in the powder tank cavity. The process involves flattening the surface of the rear carrier to leave a layer of metal powder needed for printing. Simultaneously, the spindle mechanism drives the left take-up and take-down mechanism to retrieve the used photomask mechanism located in the left limiting hole cavity. The spindle mechanism then drives the right take-up and take-down mechanism to place a new photomask mechanism in the middle of the right limiting hole. This achieves the simultaneous processing of multiple steps, improving printing efficiency, by leaving a layer of metal powder needed for printing on the upper surface of the left carrier, retrieving the used photomask mechanism in the left limiting hole cavity, and placing a new photomask mechanism in the right limiting hole cavity.

[0026] 2. This invention activates a first driving component, whose output drives a first active wheel to rotate. The active wheel then drives a turntable to rotate, which in turn drives the optical model mechanism within the right-side limiting hole to rotate directly above the rear carrier. Next, the rear laser is activated. The laser beam penetrates the transparent area of ​​the mask block at its bottom and is blocked by the non-transparent area of ​​the mask block. The high-energy laser focusing surface, shaped like the 3D model's cross-section, irradiates the metal powder above the rear carrier, solidifying the powder. Then, the first driving component is activated again, and its output drives the active wheel to move the used optical model mechanism in the center of the rear limiting hole of the turntable to directly below the left-side take-up and drop-off mechanism. This allows for rapid and high-precision printing of the entire 3D model cross-section by replacing different optical model mechanisms and using a high-power laser component with a focusing area covering the mask block surface. This overcomes the problems of long printing time and low accuracy in existing reciprocating scanning laser printing equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments disclosed in this application and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of this application in a clear and understandable manner.

[0028] This disclosure will become clearer with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, wherein:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance and structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the loading mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main shaft mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the retraction and extension mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the laser mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the optical mode mechanism of the present invention.

[0036] The components include: 1. Outer shell; 101. Valve; 2. Feeding mechanism; 3. Powder shell; 301. Powder tank; 302. Guide groove; 4. Leveling mechanism; 401. Connecting ring; 402. Push plate; 5. Loading mechanism; 501. First threaded seat; 502. First threaded rod; 503. First gear; 504. Loading seat; 6. Main shaft mechanism; 601. Main shaft; 602. Driven wheel; 603. First intermittent wheel; 604. Second intermittent wheel; 7. Mounting plate; 701. Mounting groove; 8. Retracting mechanism; 801. Circular sleeve; 802, Guide rod; 803, Second threaded seat; 804, Second threaded rod; 805, Second gear; 806, Magnetic plate; 9, Laser mechanism; 901, Laser housing; 902, Laser; 903, Lens; 10, Turntable; 1001, Limiting hole; 11, Support mechanism; 1101, Limiting sleeve; 1102, Limiting block; 12, Photomold mechanism; 1201, Mask sleeve; 1202, Mask block; 13, First driving component; 1301, First driving wheel; 14, Second driving component; 1401, Second driving wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] Please see Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a metal powder 3D printing device includes a housing 1, with valves 101 slidably sleeved on the front and rear sides of the housing 1, and also includes:

[0039] Feeding mechanism 2 is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the outer shell 1;

[0040] The feeding mechanism 2 consists of a powder shell 3, a leveling mechanism 4, and a loading mechanism 5;

[0041] Main spindle mechanism 6 is movably sleeved in the middle of powder shell 3;

[0042] Mounting plate 7 is movably sleeved on the upper part of the main spindle mechanism 6 and fixedly sleeved on the upper part of the inner cavity of the outer shell 1. Mounting grooves 701 are provided on the left and right sides of the mounting plate 7.

[0043] Two take-up and take-down mechanisms 8 are respectively located in the middle of two mounting slots 701;

[0044] Two laser mechanisms 9 are arranged on the front and rear sides of the bottom surface of the mounting plate 7;

[0045] Turntable 10 is movably sleeved on the upper part of spindle mechanism 6. Turntable 10 is movably sleeved with housing 1. Multiple limiting holes 1001 are fixedly installed equidistantly on the upper surface of turntable 10. Mounting plate 7 is located above turntable 10.

[0046] Multiple support mechanisms 11 are respectively arranged in the middle of multiple limiting holes 1001;

[0047] Multiple optical model mechanisms 12 are respectively arranged in the middle of the take-up and release mechanism 8 and the support mechanism 11;

[0048] In use, the required material is placed into the corresponding position inside the printing device by moving the valve 101 upward.

[0049] Please see Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the powder shell 3 includes a powder trough 301, which is formed on the upper surface of the powder shell 3. Guide grooves 302 are symmetrically formed on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the powder trough 301, and the loading mechanism 5 is set in the middle of the guide groove 302.

[0050] The height of the metal powder placed inside the powder tank 301 is less than one-third of the height of the powder tank 301, so as to prevent the metal powder from flowing out of the inner cavity of the guide groove 302 when the leveling mechanism 4 levels the metal powder.

[0051] Please see Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the flattening mechanism 4 includes a connecting ring 401, which is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the main shaft mechanism 6. Multiple push plates 402 are fixedly installed at equal intervals around the bottom circumference of the connecting ring 401.

[0052] The bottom surface of the pusher 402 is a smooth plane, which makes the height of the pusher 402 pushing the metal powder uniform and consistent, thereby making the thickness of the metal powder covering layer on the top layer of the 3D printed part consistent, and thus making the strength of the printed model consistent.

[0053] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the loading mechanism 5 includes a first threaded seat 501, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the guide groove 302. A first threaded rod 502 is movably sleeved in the middle of the first threaded seat 501. A first gear 503 is fixedly sleeved at the bottom end of the first threaded rod 502. A loading seat 504 is threadedly connected to the top of the first threaded rod 502. The loading seat 504 is slidably sleeved with the guide groove 302.

[0054] The first threaded rod 502 has a vent hole in the middle, so that when the first threaded rod 502 drives the carrier 504 to move up and down, the air pressure between the inner cavity of the carrier 504 and the top of the first threaded rod 502 is kept consistent with the atmospheric pressure, reducing the air pressure resistance when the carrier 504 moves up and down. The fit gap between the carrier 504 and the guide groove 302 is smaller than the minimum diameter of the metal powder for printing, so as to avoid the metal powder falling into the contact gap between the carrier 504 and the guide groove 302, which would increase the resistance of the carrier 504 moving up and down along the guide groove 302. The thread direction of the first threaded rod 502 of the front carrier mechanism 5 and the rear carrier mechanism 5 is opposite.

[0055] Please see Figures 2 to 6 As shown, the main shaft mechanism 6 includes a main shaft 601, which is movably sleeved in the middle of the powder shell 3. A driven wheel 602 is fixedly sleeved on the top of the main shaft 601, a first intermittent wheel 603 is fixedly sleeved on the top of the main shaft 601, and a second intermittent wheel 604 is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the main shaft 601. The second intermittent wheel 604 intermittently meshes with the first gear 503, and a connecting ring 401 is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the main shaft 601.

[0056] There is a gap between the main shaft 601 and the middle of the powder shell 3, which reduces the frictional resistance between the main shaft 601 and the powder shell 3 when the main shaft 601 rotates, thereby reducing the rotational load of the second drive member 14 when the second drive member 14 drives the main shaft 601 to rotate through the second drive wheel 1401 and the driven wheel 602.

[0057] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the retracting mechanism 8 includes a circular sleeve 801, which is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the mounting groove 701. Multiple guide rods 802 are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the inner circumference of the curved surface of the circular sleeve 801. A second threaded seat 803 is fixedly installed in the upper part of the inner cavity of the circular sleeve 801. A second threaded rod 804 is threadedly connected to the middle of the second threaded seat 803. A second gear 805 is slidably sleeved on the upper part of the second threaded rod 804. The second gear 805 intermittently meshes with a first intermittent wheel 603. The first intermittent wheel 603 is slidably sleeved on the middle of the second gear 805. A magnetic plate 806 is movably sleeved on the bottom of the second threaded rod 804. The magnetic plate 806 is slidably sleeved with the circular sleeve 801 and the guide rods 802.

[0058] The threads of the second threaded seats 803 of the left and right take-up mechanisms 8 are opposite in direction. This allows the second threaded seats 803 to rotate when the main shaft mechanism 6 drives the second threaded rod 804 to rotate. One side of the second threaded seat 803 drives the second gear 805 to move downward, releasing the light mold mechanism 12 adsorbed at its bottom. The other side of the second threaded seat 803 drives the second gear 805 to move upward, adsorbing and recycling the used light mold mechanism 12. This enables the rapid replacement and recycling of the light mold mechanism 12.

[0059] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the laser mechanism 9 includes a laser housing 901, which is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the mounting plate 7. A laser 902 is fixedly installed at the top of the inner cavity of the laser housing 901, and a lens 903 is fixedly sleeved at the bottom of the inner cavity of the laser housing 901.

[0060] The laser 902 is made of a high-power existing laser component with a focusing area covering the upper surface of the mask block 1202. This allows the light coil emitted by the laser 902 to penetrate the transparent area of ​​the mask block 1202 and be blocked by the non-transparent area of ​​the mask block 1202. The high-energy laser focusing surface, which is the shape of the 3D model printing cross section, is then irradiated onto the metal powder on the 3D model printing surface, enabling rapid printing of the entire 3D model and overcoming the problem of slow printing speed of existing scanning laser printing.

[0061] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the support mechanism 11 includes a limiting sleeve 1101, which is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the inner curved surface of the limiting hole 1001. Multiple limiting blocks 1102 are fixedly installed at equal intervals around the top circumference of the limiting sleeve 1101, and the limiting blocks 1102 are fixedly connected to the limiting hole 1001.

[0062] The limiting block 1102 and the guide rod 802 are in the same position, so that the mask block 1202 is positioned by the mask sleeve 1201, avoiding the mask block 1202 from deflecting and causing the edge of the 3D model to be uneven after printing, thus improving the printing accuracy.

[0063] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the optical model mechanism 12 includes a mask sleeve 1201, which is slidably sleeved in the middle of the circular sleeve 801. The mask sleeve 1201 is slidably sleeved with the guide rod 802, and a mask block 1202 is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the mask sleeve 1201.

[0064] In this process, multiple mask blocks 1202 are respectively etched with light-transmitting patterns of cross-sections at different heights of the 3D model, thereby enabling laser projection to transfer the design patterns on the mask blocks 1202 to the 3D model printing layer, thus enabling the printing of 3D models of corresponding shapes. The mask sleeves 1201 and the second gear 805 are both made of magnets, so that the second gear 805 drives the multiple mask sleeves 1201 to move upward through magnetic adsorption, and the mask sleeves 1201 drive the mask blocks 1202 to move upward.

[0065] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a first driving component 13 is fixedly installed on the left side of the outer casing 1, and a first driving wheel 1301 is fixedly installed at the output end of the first driving component 13. The first driving wheel 1301 meshes with the turntable 10. A second driving component 14 is fixedly installed on the front side of the upper surface of the mounting plate 7, and a second driving wheel 1401 is fixedly installed at the output end of the second driving component 14.

[0066] The first driving component 13 drives the turntable 10 to rotate via the first driving wheel 1301, and the second driving component 14 drives the main shaft mechanism 6 to rotate via the second driving wheel 1401.

[0067] Working principle:

[0068] In use, metal powder is poured into the inner cavity of the powder tank 301, with the height of the metal powder slightly higher than the top surface of the left-side carrier 504. Then, the second drive unit 14 is activated in the forward direction. The output end of the second drive unit 14 drives the second driving wheel 1401 to rotate. The second driving wheel 1401 drives the driven wheel 602 to rotate. The driven wheel 602 drives the main shaft 601 to rotate. The main shaft 601 drives the first intermittent wheel 603, the second intermittent wheel 604, and the leveling mechanism 4 to rotate. The first intermittent wheel 603 meshes with the second gears 805 on the left and right sides, and the second intermittent wheel 604 meshes with the two first gears 503 at the front and rear. The rear first gear... 503 drives the rear carrier 504 to move downward a short distance via the rear first threaded rod 502, while the front first gear 503 drives the front carrier 504 to move upward a short distance via the front first threaded rod 502, causing the metal powder in the front guide groove 302 to move upward and fill the metal powder in the powder tank 301, thereby continuously and automatically replenishing the metal powder consumed by the rear 3D model printing. The rotating flattening mechanism 4 flattens the metal powder in the powder tank 301, leaving a layer of metal powder required for printing on the upper surface of the rear carrier 504.

[0069] At the same time, the first intermittent wheel 603 drives the second gears 805 on both sides to rotate. The second gear 805 on the left side drives the magnetic plate 806 on the left side to move downward through the second threaded rod 804 on the left side. The magnetic plate 806 drives the used optical mold mechanism 12 in the inner cavity of the left limiting hole 1001 to move upward and separate from the limiting hole 1001 through the mutual attraction of multiple optical mold mechanisms 12. At the same time, the second gear 805 on the right side drives the magnetic plate 806 on the right side to move downward through the second threaded rod 804 on the right side. The magnetic plate 806 moves the bottommost optical mold mechanism 12 of multiple mutually attracted optical mold mechanisms downward to the inner cavity of the rightmost limiting hole 1001. Thus, while leaving the metal powder layer required for printing on the upper surface of the left carrier 504, the used optical mold mechanism 12 in the inner cavity of the left limiting hole 1001 is recycled, and a new optical mold mechanism 12 is placed in the inner cavity of the right limiting hole 1001.

[0070] Next, the first driving component 13 is activated. The output end of the first driving component 13 drives the first active wheel 1301 to rotate. The first active wheel 1301 drives the turntable 10 to rotate. The turntable 10 drives the optical model mechanism 12 inside the right limit hole 1001 to rotate directly above the rear carrier 504. Then, the rear laser 902 is activated. The light coil emitted by the laser 902 penetrates the transparent area of ​​the mask block 1202 at its bottom and is blocked by the non-transparent area of ​​the mask block 1202. The high-energy laser focusing surface with the cross-sectional shape of the 3D model is then irradiated onto the metal powder above the rear carrier 504, causing the metal powder to solidify. Then, the first driving component 13 is activated again. The output end of the first driving component 13 drives the used optical model mechanism 12 in the middle of the rear limiting hole 1001 of the turntable 10 to move directly below the left take-up and take-down mechanism 8 through the first driving wheel 1301, and repeats the above operation. This enables the entire 3D model printing section to be printed quickly and with high precision by replacing different optical model mechanisms 12 and using a laser 902 made of a high-power existing laser component with a light-concentrating area covering the surface of the mask block 1202. In addition, after printing, the 3D model can be flipped up and down again for printing by reversing the second driving component 14, overcoming the problems of long printing time and low precision of existing reciprocating scanning laser printing equipment.

[0071] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal powder 3D printing device, comprising a housing (1), wherein valves (101) are slidably sleeved on the front and rear sides of the housing (1), characterized in that, Also includes: A feeding mechanism (2) is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the outer shell (1); The feeding mechanism (2) consists of a powder shell (3), a leveling mechanism (4), and a loading mechanism (5); The main shaft mechanism (6) is movably sleeved in the middle of the powder shell (3); Mounting plate (7), which is movably sleeved on the upper part of the main shaft mechanism (6), and fixedly sleeved on the upper part of the inner cavity of the outer shell (1), with mounting grooves (701) on the left and right sides of the mounting plate (7); Two take-up and release mechanisms (8) are respectively disposed in the middle of two mounting slots (701). Each take-up and release mechanism (8) includes a sleeve (801), which is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the mounting slot (701). Multiple guide rods (802) are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the inner circumference of the curved surface of the sleeve (801). A second threaded seat (803) is fixedly installed in the upper part of the inner cavity of the sleeve (801). A second threaded rod (804) is threadedly connected to the middle of the second threaded seat (803). The upper part of the threaded rod (804) is slidably sleeved with a second gear (805), the second gear (805) intermittently meshes with a first intermittent wheel (603), the first intermittent wheel (603) is slidably sleeved with the middle part of the second gear (805), the bottom of the second threaded rod (804) is movably sleeved with a magnetic plate (806), the magnetic plate (806) is slidably sleeved with a round sleeve (801) and a guide rod (802), the thread direction of the second threaded seat (803) of the left-side take-up and release mechanism (8) is opposite to that of the right-side take-up and release mechanism (8); Two laser mechanisms (9) are provided on the front and rear sides of the bottom surface of the mounting plate (7); Turntable (10), the turntable (10) is movably sleeved on the upper part of the main shaft mechanism (6), the turntable (10) is movably sleeved with the outer shell (1), and a plurality of limiting holes (1001) are fixedly installed circumferentially on the upper surface of the turntable (10), and the mounting plate (7) is located above the turntable (10). Multiple support mechanisms (11) are respectively disposed in the middle of multiple limiting holes (1001). Each support mechanism (11) includes a limiting sleeve (1101). The limiting sleeve (1101) is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the inner curved surface of the limiting hole (1001). Multiple limiting blocks (1102) are fixedly installed at equal intervals around the top of the limiting sleeve (1101). The limiting blocks (1102) are fixedly connected to the limiting hole (1001). Multiple light-emitting mechanisms (12) are respectively disposed in the middle of the launching mechanism (8) and the support mechanism (11). Each light-emitting mechanism (12) includes a mask sleeve (1201), which is slidably sleeved in the middle of the circular sleeve (801). The mask sleeve (1201) is slidably sleeved with the guide rod (802). A mask block (1202) is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the mask sleeve (1201). Multiple mask blocks (1202) respectively etch cross-sectional light-transmitting patterns of different heights of the 3D model.

2. The metal powder 3D printing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The powder shell (3) includes a powder trough (301), which is located on the upper surface of the powder shell (3). Guide grooves (302) are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the powder trough (301), and the loading mechanism (5) is located in the middle of the guide groove (302).

3. The metal powder 3D printing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pushing mechanism (4) includes a connecting ring (401), which is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the main shaft mechanism (6). Multiple push plates (402) are fixedly installed at equal intervals around the bottom of the connecting ring (401), and the bottom surface of the push plate (402) is a smooth plane.

4. The metal powder 3D printing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The loading mechanism (5) includes a first threaded seat (501), which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the guide groove (302). A first threaded rod (502) is movably sleeved in the middle of the first threaded seat (501). A first gear (503) is fixedly sleeved at the bottom end of the first threaded rod (502). A loading seat (504) is threadedly connected to the top of the first threaded rod (502). The loading seat (504) is slidably sleeved with the guide groove (302). A vent hole is opened in the middle of the first threaded rod (502). The fit clearance between the loading seat (504) and the guide groove (302) is smaller than the minimum diameter of the metal powder for printing. The thread direction of the first threaded rod (502) of the front loading mechanism (5) and the rear loading mechanism (5) is opposite.

5. A metal powder 3D printing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The main shaft mechanism (6) includes a main shaft (601), which is movably sleeved in the middle of the powder shell (3). A driven wheel (602) is fixedly sleeved at the top of the main shaft (601), a first intermittent wheel (603) is fixedly sleeved at the top of the main shaft (601), and a second intermittent wheel (604) is fixedly sleeved at the bottom of the main shaft (601). The second intermittent wheel (604) intermittently meshes with a first gear (503). A connecting ring (401) is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the main shaft (601), and a gap is left between the main shaft (601) and the middle of the powder shell (3).

6. A metal powder 3D printing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The laser mechanism (9) includes a laser housing (901), which is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the mounting plate (7). A laser (902) is fixedly installed at the top of the inner cavity of the laser housing (901), and a lens (903) is fixedly sleeved at the bottom of the inner cavity of the laser housing (901).

7. A metal powder 3D printing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A first driving member (13) is fixedly installed on the left side of the outer shell (1). A first driving wheel (1301) is fixedly installed at the output end of the first driving member (13). The first driving wheel (1301) meshes with the turntable (10). A second driving member (14) is fixedly installed on the front side of the upper surface of the mounting plate (7). A second driving wheel (1401) is fixedly installed at the output end of the second driving member (14).

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