Force, heat and deformation on-line measurement test device for cutting machining of weak-rigidity special-shaped part and use method of force, heat and deformation on-line measurement test device

Abstract

The invention relates to a force, heat and deformation online measurement test device for cutting machining of a weak-rigidity special-shaped part and a use method, and relates to the technical field of machining, the force, heat and deformation online measurement test device comprises a machining device, a measuring device and a moving device, the output end of a machine tool is connected with a tool through a main shaft, and a workpiece is placed on a clamping mechanism to be clamped; the cutter is driven by the machine tool main shaft to rotate so as to cut and process the special-shaped rotary workpiece; the force measuring device is used for measuring the cutting force in the machining process; the temperature measuring device is used for measuring the processing temperature; the image acquisition device is used for observing the material removal process in the machining process; the moving device comprises a rotary platform and a displacement platform, and through cooperation of the rotary platform and the displacement platform, the machining area is always kept unchanged relative to the cutter. The position of the cutter is unchanged, and the problem that a cutting point is constantly changed during machining is solved through comprehensive movement of the rotary platform and the displacement platform; the device can measure the cutting force in a machining area in the whole process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mechanical processing technology, and in particular to an online force, heat and deformation measurement test device for cutting weak-rigidity special-shaped parts and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of aerospace technology, the demand for lightweight aircraft and space exploration equipment is becoming increasingly prominent. To meet these weight reduction requirements, porous solid structures (such as honeycomb structures) are widely used in the manufacture of key components for large telescopes, space exploration satellites, and other applications. For example, in scientific missions such as detecting dark matter and extraterrestrial life, the sandwich structures of large telescope reflector panels often consist of porous solid arrays. This structure can be simplified to a periodic arrangement of one or more basic units (such as hexagonal honeycombs or triangular grids) in space to achieve optimal mechanical properties and weight control. Currently, most sandwich structures for large telescope or satellite reflector panels utilize arrays of carbon fiber composite tubes. The manufacturing process for this structure primarily involves the following key steps: ① Carbon fiber prepreg is rolled into a tubular component using a roll-to-roll process. This process typically utilizes a mandrel-assisted forming process to ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the tubes. ② The prepared carbon fiber tubes are arranged vertically, tangentially, to form a regular array structure. To ensure the geometric accuracy of the array, a dedicated fixture is used for positioning and securing the tubes to prevent them from shifting during subsequent processing. ③ High-performance adhesive is dripped at the contact points between the tubes, and the adhesive is fully cured through hot pressing or room temperature curing process to finally form a stable carbon tube array structure. However, since reflective panels usually require extremely high surface accuracy (such as sub-micron surface roughness), it is difficult to meet the final use requirements by simply bonding. Therefore, after the carbon tube array is cured, precision processing such as CNC milling, grinding or laser trimming is required to ensure that its geometric shape and dimensional accuracy meet the design requirements.

[0003] The array machining process is a repetition of the machining process of a single unit cell. Its machining quality is significantly affected by machining parameters. Cutting force and cutting temperature are important measurement variables that reflect the machining state of porous solid structures and require further research. Cutting force influences cutting stability, quality, and efficiency; cutting temperature influences cutting stability, quality, and tool life. Therefore, cutting force and temperature require rational control and management to minimize their impact on machining. To measure these parameters, fixed-point observation is required, meaning that only the cutting force and temperature within the machining area are observed. However, in machining centers or machine tools, the cutting point changes in real time as the tool moves. Currently, there is no device that can maintain a constant machining area, nor is there a device or method that can accurately measure cutting force and temperature at a fixed point. Therefore, a simple, low-cost device and method for fixed-point force and temperature measurement is highly desirable. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the technical problems raised above, an online force, heat and deformation measurement test device and a method for use are provided for cutting weak-rigidity special-shaped parts. The present invention controls the stability of the cutting point relative to the cutting force and cutting temperature detection position by moving the workpiece and keeping the tool stationary, thereby facilitating the acquisition of more accurate and stable measurement data.

[0005] The technical means adopted in the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A force, heat and deformation online measurement and testing device for cutting weak-rigidity special-shaped parts includes a processing device, a measuring device and a motion device. The processing device includes a tool, a machine tool, a spindle and a clamping mechanism. The output end of the machine tool is connected to the tool via the spindle. The workpiece is placed on the clamping mechanism for clamping. The tool rotates under the drive of the machine tool spindle to perform cutting processing on special-shaped rotating workpieces; the measuring device includes a force measuring device, a temperature measuring device and an image acquisition device. The force measuring device is placed on the machine tool platform and is used to measure the cutting force during the processing; the temperature measuring device is placed on one side of the machine tool and is used to measure the processing temperature; the image acquisition device is placed on one side of the machine tool and is aligned with the processing area to observe the material removal process during the processing; the motion device includes a rotary platform and a displacement platform. The rotary platform is placed on the force measuring device and is used to carry the workpiece. The displacement platform is placed on the rotary platform. The rotation of the rotary platform drives the workpiece to rotate to complete the feed motion. Through the cooperation of the rotary platform and the displacement platform, the processing area relative to the tool is always maintained unchanged.

[0007] The platform motion controller is programmed to rotate and move the platform, which further drives the workpiece to rotate and move to complete the feed motion. Through the coordination of the rotation and movement of the rotary platform and the displacement platform, the processing area relative to the tool is always maintained unchanged.

[0008] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes an internal expansion clamping device, and the workpiece is placed on the internal expansion clamping device to achieve internal expansion clamping.

[0009] Furthermore, the weak-rigidity special-shaped parts to be processed include hexagonal grid workpieces, triangular grid workpieces, and special-shaped rotary workpieces.

[0010] Furthermore, the image acquisition device includes a high-speed camera.

[0011] Furthermore, the force measuring device includes a force gauge.

[0012] Furthermore, the temperature measuring device includes a thermal imager.

[0013] Furthermore, the motion device includes a rotary platform, a displacement platform and a platform motion controller, wherein the platform motion controller controls the motion of the rotary platform and the displacement platform through programming.

[0014] The present invention also discloses an online force, heat and deformation measurement test method based on the above-mentioned weak rigidity special-shaped part cutting process, which includes the following steps:

[0015] S1. Set the experimental parameters according to the processing requirements and determine the entry and exit points of the tool;

[0016] S2. Turn on the force measuring device and the temperature measuring device, which are used to measure the cutting force and the processing temperature during the processing, and turn on the image acquisition device, which is used to observe the material removal process;

[0017] S3. Turn on the power supply of the machine tool spindle to make the grinding wheel rotate and cut into the workpiece. After cutting, the grinding wheel position remains unchanged.

[0018] S4. Turn on the power of the platform motion controller and, according to the program settings, make the platform drive the weak-rigidity special-shaped part to rotate or move so that the grinding wheel can remove material. During this process, the cutting point position remains unchanged. By measuring the cutting temperature at a fixed point, the temperature distribution in the processing area is understood, accurate real-time temperature data is obtained, and corresponding measures are taken to control the processing temperature.

[0019] After the processing is completed, turn off the power of the machine tool and the platform motion controller, retain the data and images of the force measuring device, temperature measuring device and image acquisition device, and turn off the power.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. The present invention keeps the position of the tool unchanged and solves the problem of constantly changing cutting points during processing through the combined movement of the rotary platform and the displacement platform. The cutting force in the processing area can be measured throughout the device and method, and the obtained data can be used directly without further processing, which is not possible with existing similar processing methods.

[0022] 2. The data measured by this device and method are of great reference value. By measuring the cutting force at a fixed point, it is possible to monitor the growth trend of the cutting force and promptly detect signs of tool wear. Cutting force compensation or adjustment can also be performed as needed, helping to reduce the impact of the cutting force on the shape and size of the workpiece and improve machining accuracy and stability. By measuring the cutting temperature at a fixed point, the temperature distribution in the machining area can be understood, and accurate real-time temperature data can be obtained. Appropriate measures (such as controlling feed rate and spindle speed) can then be taken to control the machining temperature, avoid overheating, and improve machining accuracy and stability.

[0023] 3. The device has a wide range of processing and measurement. As long as a reasonable clamping device is adopted, it can measure grid workpieces of any shape.

[0024] 4. The surface temperature of the grinding area can be tracked and monitored in real time through a thermometer to improve processing quality and efficiency.

[0025] 5. The device and method are simple and convenient to operate and can be widely applied to various grinding processing occasions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0027] Figure 1 This is an axonometric view of a device for processing a hexagonal grid workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is an axonometric view of a device for processing a triangular grid workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a hexagonal grid workpiece array and a triangular grid workpiece array;

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a hexagonal grid workpiece and a triangular grid workpiece that can be processed by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5This is a specific flow chart of the present invention for processing a triangular hole workpiece;

[0032] Among them: 1. Hexagonal grid workpiece; 2. Triangular grid workpiece; 3. Thermometer and high-speed camera; 4. Displacement platform; 5. Slotted pan head screw; 6. Workpiece to be processed; 7. Cutting tool; 8. Rotary platform; 9. Drive motor; 10. Hexagonal head bolt; 11. Dynamometer; 12. Platform motion controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0036] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The techniques, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant fields may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0038] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0039] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses an online force, heat and deformation measurement test device for cutting weak rigidity special-shaped parts, including a processing device, a measuring device and a motion device. The processing device includes a tool, a machine tool, a spindle and a clamping mechanism. The output end of the machine tool is connected to the tool 7 through the spindle. The hexagonal grid workpiece 1 or the triangular grid workpiece 2 is placed on the clamping mechanism for clamping. The tool rotates under the drive of the machine tool spindle to perform cutting processing on special-shaped rotating workpieces; the measuring device includes a force measuring device, a temperature measuring device and an image acquisition device. The force measuring device is placed on the machine tool platform for measuring the cutting force during the processing. In this embodiment, the force measuring device is a dynamometer 11; the temperature measuring device The image acquisition device is placed on one side of the machine tool and is used to measure the processing temperature. The image acquisition device is placed on the side of the machine tool, aligned with the processing area, and is used to observe the material removal process during processing. The motion device includes a rotary platform 8 and a displacement platform 4. The rotary platform is placed on the force measuring device and is used to carry the workpiece. The rotary platform includes a fixed portion and a rotating portion, wherein the fixed portion is placed on the force measuring device, and the rotating portion drives the workpiece to rotate. The displacement platform is placed on the rotary platform, and the rotation of the rotary platform drives the workpiece to rotate to complete the feed motion. The cooperation between the rotary platform and the displacement platform ensures that the processing area relative to the tool remains unchanged. The rotary platform and the displacement platform are both powered by corresponding drive motors 9 to complete the drive. The tool is a grinding wheel.

[0041] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes an internal expansion clamping device, upon which the workpiece is placed for internal expansion clamping. In this embodiment, the internal expansion clamping device comprises a plurality of blocks and wedges adapted to match the workpieces with different rows of holes. The blocks are connected by a flexible structure, allowing for adjustable distances between the blocks. The wedges can be inserted into the gaps formed by the connection of the blocks. The wedges are provided with screw holes, and after confirming that the expansion force has reached a preset level, the expansion device is secured with bolts.

[0042] Furthermore, the weak-rigidity special-shaped parts to be processed include hexagonal grid workpieces, triangular grid workpieces, and special-shaped rotary workpieces.

[0043] Furthermore, the image acquisition device includes a high-speed camera. As an optional embodiment, the high-speed camera and the thermometer can be integrated into an integrated thermometer and high-speed camera 3 structure.

[0044] The present invention also discloses a processing method based on the above-mentioned weak-rigidity special-shaped part cutting force and processing deformation test device, which includes the following steps:

[0045] S0, complete the arrangement of each device and the clamping of the workpiece 6 to be processed, fix the dynamometer and the machine tool with the hexagonal head bolts 10, and connect the rotary platform and the displacement platform with the slotted pan head screws 5;

[0046] S1. Set the experimental parameters according to the processing requirements and determine the cutting point and cutting point of the grinding wheel;

[0047] S2. Turn on the force measuring device and the temperature measuring device, which are used to measure the cutting force and the processing temperature during the processing, and turn on the image acquisition device, which is used to observe the material removal process;

[0048] S3. Turn on the machine tool spindle power to make the tool rotate and cut into the workpiece, then the tool position remains unchanged.

[0049] S4. Turn on the power of the platform motion controller to enable the platform to drive the workpiece to feed and cut. Take the triangular rotating part as an example. Assume that the triangular cross section is an equilateral triangle with a side length of m and α of 60°. Assume that the workpiece rotation center p is located at the center position and the grinding wheel is located at the coordinate origin position, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 5 (a) As shown. First, the displacement platform is controlled by programming to move the workpiece along the negative direction of the x-axis by a distance m, and the first edge is processed (the dark edge indicates that the processing is completed), as shown in Figure 5 (b) As shown. Then, the workpiece is rotated 120° clockwise using the rotary platform to reach Figure 5 (c) The displacement platform is further used to move the workpiece along the positive direction of the x-axis by a distance m to complete the processing of the second edge. Figure 5 (d) As shown. Use the center rotary platform again to rotate the workpiece 120° clockwise to reach Figure 5 (e) The workpiece is then moved a distance m in the negative x-axis direction by the displacement platform to complete the machining of the third edge. Similar derivations can be made for other shapes of rotating parts.

[0050] S5. During this process, the temperature distribution of the processing area is understood through fixed-point measurement of the cutting temperature, accurate real-time temperature data is obtained, and corresponding measures are taken to control the processing temperature. After the processing is completed, the power supply of the machine tool and the platform motion controller is turned off, the data and images of the force measuring device, temperature measuring device and image acquisition device are retained, and the power supply is turned off.

[0051] The device and method of use proposed in the present invention can not only be applied to experiments on array cells, but can also be directly extended to processing experiments on workpieces with this structural feature. That is, this patent proposes a cutting force and processing deformation test device and method of use for weak-rigidity special-shaped parts. By moving the workpiece and keeping the tool stationary, the stability of the cutting point relative to the cutting force and processing deformation detection position is controlled, making it easier to obtain more accurate and stable measurement data.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An online force, heat and deformation measurement test device for cutting weak rigidity special-shaped parts, characterized in that: The invention comprises a processing device, a measuring device and a motion device, wherein the processing device comprises a tool, a machine tool, a spindle and a clamping mechanism, the output end of the machine tool is connected to the tool through the spindle, the workpiece is placed on the clamping mechanism for clamping, and the tool rotates under the drive of the machine tool spindle to perform cutting processing on special-shaped rotating workpieces; the measuring device comprises a force measuring device, a temperature measuring device and an image acquisition device, the force measuring device is placed on the machine tool platform for measuring the cutting force during the processing; the temperature measuring device is placed on one side of the machine tool for measuring the processing temperature; the image acquisition device is placed on one side of the machine tool and aligned with the processing area for observing the material removal process during the processing; the motion device comprises a rotary platform and a displacement platform, the rotary platform and the displacement platform are placed on the force measuring device for carrying the workpiece, the displacement platform is placed on the rotary platform, and the workpiece is driven to rotate by the rotation of the rotary platform to complete the feed motion, and the cooperation of the rotary platform and the displacement platform makes the processing area always remain unchanged relative to the tool.

2. The on-line force, heat and deformation measurement test device for cutting weak rigidity special-shaped parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes an internal expansion clamping device, which is placed inside the workpiece to achieve internal expansion clamping.

3. The on-line force, heat and deformation measurement test device for cutting weak rigidity special-shaped parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The weak-rigidity special-shaped parts to be processed include hexagonal grid workpieces, triangular grid workpieces, and special-shaped rotary workpieces.

4. The on-line force, heat and deformation measurement test device for cutting weak rigidity special-shaped parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The image acquisition device includes a high-speed camera.

5. The on-line force, heat and deformation measurement test device for cutting weak rigidity special-shaped parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The force measuring device includes a force measuring instrument.

6. The on-line force, heat and deformation measurement test device for cutting weak rigidity special-shaped parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The temperature measuring device includes a thermal imager.

7. The on-line force, heat and deformation measurement test device for cutting weak rigidity special-shaped parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The motion device includes a rotary platform, a displacement platform and a platform motion controller, wherein the platform motion controller controls the motion of the rotary platform and the displacement platform through programming.

8. A method for using the on-line force, heat and deformation measurement test device for cutting weak rigidity special-shaped parts according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Set the experimental parameters according to the processing requirements and determine the entry and exit points of the tool; S2. Turn on the force measuring device and the temperature measuring device, which are used to measure the cutting force and the processing temperature during the processing, and turn on the image acquisition device, which is used to observe the material removal process; S3, turning on the power supply of the machine tool spindle to make the tool rotate and cut into the workpiece, and then the tool position remains unchanged; S4. Turn on the power of the platform motion controller, so that the rotary platform and the displacement platform drive the workpiece to rotate or move to complete the feed motion; during this cutting process, the cutting point position remains unchanged. By measuring the cutting temperature at a fixed point, the temperature distribution of the processing area is understood, accurate real-time temperature data is obtained, and corresponding measures are taken to control the processing temperature; After the processing is completed, turn off the power of the machine tool and the platform motion controller, retain the data and images of the force measuring device, temperature measuring device and image acquisition device, and turn off the power.

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