Counterweight traction type elevator driving device and elevator

Abstract

According to the counterweight traction type elevator driving device and the elevator, the counterweight driving device drives a driving chain wheel to rotate through a driving motor, so that the driving chain wheel is engaged with and disengaged from a chain wheel rack on a counterweight driving rail to obtain the operation counter-acting force of the driving device, and therefore driving force is transmitted to an elevator car through a cable; up-down operation of the lift car is achieved. According to the elevator, the acting force and the counter-acting force are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, the acting force comes from whether the track and the driving device work or not, and the acting force and the counter-acting force exist all the time, so that the acting force for guaranteeing running and stopping of the elevator car exists all the time, and the whole system completely eliminates the influence of friction force of a cable; the driving force corresponds to the operation of the lift car one by one, so that the safety of the elevator can be greatly improved, and the manufacturing cost of safety parts and the daily maintenance cost of the elevator are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of elevator equipment, and in particular relates to a counterweight traction type elevator driving device and an elevator. Background Art

[0002] The most common and widely used vertical lift in multi-story buildings is the traction elevator: a cable is hung from the traction and guide pulleys, with one end connected to the counterweight and the other to the car. The operating principle is that friction between the traction pulley and the cable acts on the cable, pulling the car up and down the elevator shaft. This type of traction elevator, known as a cable traction elevator, has three fundamental flaws:

[0003] First, the friction problem:

[0004] 1. Friction is a variable that becomes uncertain due to changes in cable tension and friction coefficient.

[0005] 2. To maintain the friction between the wheel and the cable, the cable surface is kept dry, which causes the cable to wear and break;

[0006] 3. The load capacity of the elevator is affected by the friction between the traction wheel and the cable;

[0007] 4. When the friction force changes sharply, the counterweight and the car will lose balance, causing the car or counterweight to overspeed, hit the top or bottom.

[0008] Second, the traction problem:

[0009] The traction machine converts the driving force into friction, which is then converted into traction to drive the car. Because friction is an uncertain quantity, the driving force and the operation of the car are not in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0010] In order to increase the traction force, the cable tension needs to be increased, which will inevitably increase the weight of the counterweight and the car itself.

[0011] The increase in size and material of the car and counterweight leads to increased costs, occupies valuable space in the hoistway, and increases the danger of the entire system.

[0012] Third, security issues:

[0013] 1. The traction machine enables the car to run and stop, relying on its driving force or braking force. Because the driving force and the operation of the car are not in a stable one-to-one correspondence, there is a possibility that the car will lose control, leading to an accident.

[0014] 2. In an emergency situation where the traction machine drives the car out of control, the speed limiter in the machine room is required to act on the instantaneous brake calipers on both sides of the car through the speed limiter rope to brake the car track. This is a one-time brake for safety protection.

[0015] 3. Even when it comes to preventing the car from falling, passive safety measures are taken, such as increasing the safety factor of the cable and installing buffers at the bottom of the shaft.

[0016] 4. If the traction braking force fails and the speed limiter does not work before reaching the overspeed condition, a rope clamp should be installed to prevent the car from moving unexpectedly. The entire system has many safety components, which can easily lead to more accidents.

[0017] This shows that cable-driven elevators are inherently unsafe. The safe operation of the elevator car is ensured by the various safety components and passive protection after an accident. This is complemented by frequent biweekly maintenance and upkeep, various safety regulations, and a real-time maintenance information system. Summary of the Invention

[0018] The present invention provides a counterweight traction type elevator driving device and an elevator, which is an elevator that does not rely on the friction force of the cable acting on the cable to draw the car.

[0019] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0020] A counterweight traction elevator drive device, comprising:

[0021] The counterweight drive rail is fixed to the left or right side or the rear side of the elevator shaft through a rail fixing frame, and serves as a guide for the up and down movement of the counterweight drive device;

[0022] A main frame, wherein a driving motor is arranged in the middle of the main frame, and a driving sprocket is installed on each side;

[0023] Counterweight guide shoes, which are connected to the four corners of the main frame and can move up and down along the straight edge of the counterweight drive track;

[0024] a sprocket rack, the sprocket rack being independently mounted on the counterweight drive track;

[0025] The driving sprocket is engaged with the sprocket rack on the counterweight driving track, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the sprocket driver, and the sprocket driver drives the main frame to move on the counterweight driving track.

[0026] Further technology of the present invention:

[0027] Preferably, the main frame is further provided with a driven sprocket, which is also engaged with the sprocket rack in the counterweight drive track.

[0028] Preferably, the driven sprocket is provided with an emergency brake.

[0029] Preferably, the drive motor is equipped with a brake shoe for stopping the drive motor.

[0030] Preferably, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to a transmission shaft, and the rotational torque of the driving motor is transmitted to the driving sprockets on both sides through the transmission shaft.

[0031] Preferably, there are three situations when the driving sprocket and the sprocket rack are engaged at the same time, a pair of teeth start to engage, a pair of teeth remain engaged, and a pair of teeth disengage, and only the teeth along the driving track are engaged, contacted, and disengaged.

[0032] Preferably, the driving sprocket is in the form of a sprocket pin shaft with bearings installed at both ends, and rolling friction occurs when the sprocket pin shaft is engaged with the sprocket rack.

[0033] The present invention also provides an elevator, comprising a car and a counterweight drive device, wherein car tracks are arranged on both sides of the car, the car tracks are fixed to both sides of the elevator shaft through track fixing frames, the car guide shoes are connected to the four corners of the car, and can move up and down along the straight edges of the car tracks, and the upper end of the counterweight drive device is connected to the cable from the car through a cable connector, a counterweight guide wheel, and a car guide wheel.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0035] The present invention drives the driving sprocket to rotate through a driving motor, so that the driving sprocket keeps engaging and disengaging with the sprocket rack on the counterweight driving track to obtain the operating reaction force of the driving device, thereby transmitting the driving force to the car through the cable, and realizing the up and down movement of the car. Because the action force and the reaction force are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, and this action force comes from the track, the action force and the reaction force always exist whether the driving device is working or not, so the action force to ensure the operation and stop of the car always exists, and the entire system completely eliminates the influence of the cable friction force, and the driving force corresponds to the operation of the car one by one, which can greatly improve the safety of the elevator and reduce the manufacturing cost of safety components and the daily maintenance cost of the elevator.

[0036] The counterweight traction elevator of the present invention basically does not require a machine room and has a relatively simple structure. Cable friction is not required to realize the operation of the car. The car can be stopped only by the braking of the driving device, eliminating the need for complex elevator safety components. In an emergency, the elevator can still rely on the reaction force of the track to stop on the track, avoiding the loss of cable friction, which causes the car to fall at an excessive speed, making the elevator or the people riding in the elevator safer.

[0037] The sprocket-driven elevator is equipped with an emergency brake on the driven sprocket. When a dangerous situation occurs in any speed range of the car, the car can be quickly stopped. It has dual safety protection of drive motor braking and emergency. It has incomparable safety and maintainability of cable traction elevators. The entire elevator structure is simplified, saving elevator purchase, use and maintenance costs. Compared with cable traction elevators, it has significant safety and cost advantages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the counterweight traction drive elevator of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic side view of the overall structure of the counterweight traction drive elevator of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a simplified schematic diagram of the overall structure of the counterweight traction drive elevator of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 1. It is a schematic top view of the overall structure of the counterweight traction drive elevator of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the counterweight driving device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the meshing of the sprocket rack and the driving sprocket of the present invention;

[0045] Among them: 1. Elevator shaft; 2. Sprocket rack; 3. Counterweight drive device; 4. Counterweight guide wheel; 5. Car guide wheel; 6. Cable; 8. Car; 10. Counterweight drive track; 11. Track fixing frame; 12. Car track; 13. Cable connector; 16. Car guide shoe; 17. Main frame; 18. Driving sprocket; 19. Drive motor; 20. Drive shaft; 24. Counterweight guide shoe; 25. Driven sprocket; 26. Emergency brake. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] like Figure 1-6 As shown, a counterweight traction-driven elevator comprises a car 8, with car rails 12 provided on both sides of the car 8. The car rails 12 are fixed to both sides of the elevator shaft 1 via rail fixing brackets 11. Car guide shoes 16 are installed at the four corners of the car 8, along the straight edges of the car rails 12, above and below the four corners. These guide shoes 16 guide and stabilize the car 8 as it moves up and down.

[0048] The counterweight drive rail 10 is fixed to the left or right side or the rear side of the elevator shaft 1 through a rail fixing frame 11. The counterweight drive rail 10 guides the up and down movement of the counterweight drive device 3 and is one of the reaction forces of the counterweight drive device 3. The cable 6 at the upper end of the counterweight drive device 3 passes through the counterweight guide wheel 4, the car 8 guide wheel 5 in sequence, and is finally connected to the cable connector 13 on the upper part of the car 8.

[0049] A driving motor 19 is provided in the middle of the main frame 17, and a driving sprocket 18 is installed on each side;

[0050] The counterweight guide shoes 24 are connected to the four corners of the main frame 17 and can move up and down along the straight edge of the counterweight drive track 10;

[0051] The sprocket rack 2 is independently mounted on the counterweight drive track 10;

[0052] The driving sprocket 18 is engaged with the sprocket rack 2 on the counterweight drive track 10 , and the output shaft of the drive motor 19 is connected to the sprocket driver, which drives the main frame 17 to move on the counterweight drive track 10 .

[0053] The counterweight drive unit 3 relies on a drive motor 19 to drive the driving sprocket 18, causing the driving sprocket 18 to rotate. At the same time, the driving sprocket 18 engages with the sprocket rack 2 in the counterweight drive track 10. The counterweight drive unit 3 receives the reaction force from the sprocket rack 2, causing the counterweight drive unit 3 to move up and down along the counterweight drive track 10. The car 8 is connected to the counterweight drive unit 3 via a cable 6. The up and down movement of the counterweight drive unit 3 causes the car 8 to move up and down in the elevator shaft 1. The two travel in opposite directions. The upper end of the counterweight drive unit 3 is connected to the cable 6 from the car 8 via a cable connector 13, the counterweight guide pulley 4, and the car 8 guide pulley 5. It is used to balance the weight of the car 8 and the load to save energy.

[0054] In this embodiment, a cable connector 13 is installed on the main frame 17 to connect the cable 6, which transmits the gravity of the drive device and the counterweight device to the car 8, so as to balance the gravity of the car 8 and the elevator load.

[0055] Described driving sprocket 18 adopts the form of sprocket pin, and two ends are equipped with bearing, and sprocket pin is rolling friction when meshing with sprocket rack 2. Only have rolling friction, can need not lubricate, but apply grease can rustproof and reduce running noise.

[0056] The sprocket pins are meshed with the sprocket racks 2 in the track. When the two are engaged, there are three possible situations: one pair of teeth begins to engage, one pair remains engaged, and one pair disengages. The teeth only engage and disengage along the drive track, with no relative motion. Therefore, the entire drive mechanism maintains a smooth and stable motion.

[0057] The shape of the sprocket and the sprocket rack 2 in the track can be improved according to the stability and noise conditions of the operation, such as the tooth cross-section has a certain rounded corner, the two sides of the tooth are inclined to give it a positioning function, etc.

[0058] The sprocket rack 2 is independently mounted on the counterweight drive track 10, including an improved track cross-sectional shape so that the track teeth and the track are integrated into one component. The sprocket rack 2 is also provided with screw holes and is integrally mounted in the center of the drive track.

[0059] Drive motor 19 is equipped with brake shoes for stopping drive motor 19. Emergency brake 26 is also housed on driven sprockets 25 on both sides. When car 8 runs in a dangerous state, such as car 8 moves unexpectedly, overspeeds and when drive motor 19 brake shoes do not work, emergency brake 26 can stop car 8 in time.

[0060] One end of the cable 6 is connected to the car 8 and the other end is connected to the counterweight drive unit 3. Unless the cable 6 breaks, the tension of the cable 6 from the counterweight drive unit 3 will not be suddenly lost, and the car 8 will not fall at an excessive speed. Because the car 8 is always subjected to the reaction force from the sprocket rack 2 through the cable 6 and the drive unit during the entire operation, under the influence of gravity, the driving sprocket 18 in the counterweight drive unit 3 rotates autonomously, causing the car 8 to slowly descend or ascend. The drive motor 19 is equipped with a brake shoe. By controlling the magnitude of the braking force, the speed of the drive motor 19 can be controlled, and the car 8 can be slowed down or stopped, avoiding the occurrence of safety accidents caused by the car 8 losing control.

[0061] When the elevator is in use, power outages may occur. The slow descent function avoids the situation where passengers are trapped in the elevator due to power outages, power outages, etc. In the absence of power supply, the present invention can control the slow descent function of the active sprocket 18 in the drive device, and use the braking force of the emergency operation drive device to make the car 8 stop smoothly and safely at the door of the appropriate floor, or open the elevator door to the first floor to let passengers out safely.

[0062] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the car 8, car rails 12, car guide shoes 16, guide wheels, floor doors and car door mechanisms, and floor stop and door opening control system can all use the structures and components of traction elevators in the existing technology, except for special requirements.

[0063] The driving motor 19 transmits the rotational torque of the driving motor 19 to the driving sprockets 18 on both sides through the transmission shaft 20. The driving motor 19 is installed in the main frame 17, with the driving motor 19 in the middle and the driving sprockets 18 distributed on both sides of the lower half of the main frame 17. The two are elastically connected.

[0064] In this embodiment, a cable connector 13 is mounted on the main frame 17, connecting the cable 6. This transmits the weight of the drive unit and counterweight to the car 8, balancing the weight of the car 8 and the elevator load. The lower crossbeam is connected to the counterweight. The third function is to transmit driving force: the meshing of the sprocket pin with the sprocket rack 2 in the track generates a reaction force from the counterweight drive track 10. Furthermore, the braking force generated by the brake of the counterweight drive unit 3 is transmitted to the counterweight drive track 10, and the traction force of the cable 6 controls the operation and stopping of the car 8.

[0065] Theoretically, the operating height of the counterweight drive device 3 is only affected by the height of the counterweight drive track 10. The counterweight traction drive elevator can run on lower floors as well as high-rise and super-high-rise buildings, and has a wide range of uses.

[0066] The drive motor 19 can be a switched reluctance motor. This type of motor is very suitable for maintaining high torque at low speed, forward and reverse rotation, frequent start and stop, and 24-hour continuous operation.

[0067] By adjusting the switched reluctance motor controller to control the motor speed, the speed of the car 8 rising and falling can be adjusted, so that the running speed of the car 8 can be adjusted safely and smoothly, and the operation can be comfortable, and it can also adapt to elevators with different running speed requirements.

[0068] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0069] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A counterweight traction elevator drive device, characterized in that: include: The counterweight drive rail is fixed to the left or right side or the rear side of the elevator shaft through a rail fixing frame, and serves as a guide for the up and down movement of the counterweight drive device; A main frame, wherein a driving motor is arranged in the middle of the main frame, and a driving sprocket is installed on each side; Counterweight guide shoes, which are connected to the four corners of the main frame and can move up and down along the straight edge of the counterweight drive track; a sprocket rack, the sprocket rack being independently mounted on the counterweight drive track; The driving sprocket is engaged with the sprocket rack on the counterweight driving track, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the sprocket driver, and the sprocket driver drives the main frame to move on the counterweight driving track.

2. The counterweight traction elevator drive device according to claim 1, wherein: The main frame is also provided with a driven sprocket, which is also engaged with the sprocket rack in the counterweight drive track.

3. The counterweight traction elevator drive device according to claim 2, wherein: An emergency brake is provided on the driven sprocket.

4. The counterweight traction elevator drive device according to claim 1, wherein: The driving motor is equipped with a brake shoe for stopping the driving motor.

5. The counterweight traction type elevator driving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the transmission shaft, and the rotational torque of the driving motor is transmitted to the driving sprockets on both sides through the transmission shaft.

6. The counterweight traction elevator drive device according to claim 1, wherein: There are three situations when the driving sprocket and the sprocket rack are engaged at the same time: one pair of teeth starts to engage, one pair of teeth keeps engaging, and one pair of teeth disengages, and only the teeth along the driving track are engaged and disengaged.

7. The counterweight traction elevator drive device according to claim 1, wherein: The driving sprocket adopts the form of a sprocket pin shaft, with bearings installed at both ends. When the sprocket pin shaft is engaged with the sprocket rack, rolling friction occurs.

8. Elevator, characterized in that It includes a car and a counterweight drive device. Car tracks are set on both sides of the car. The car tracks are fixed to both sides of the elevator shaft through track fixing frames. The car guide shoes are connected to the four corners of the car and can move up and down along the straight edges of the car tracks. The upper end of the counterweight drive device is connected to the cable from the car through a cable connector, counterweight guide wheel and car guide wheel.

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