Collection and storage device and collection and storage method for coprophilous fungi

Abstract

The invention relates to a coprophilous fungi collection and storage device and collection and storage method, the collection and storage device comprises a sample storage bin, and the sample storage bin is filled with a preservation solution; an opening of the sample storage bin is covered with a protective cover with a refrigeration bin, and the refrigeration bin and the sample storage bin are isolated through a water-soluble diaphragm; a refrigeration structure layer is arranged in the refrigeration bin; the collection and storage device further comprises an external driving base. The coprophilous fungi collection and storage device integrates collection, sealing, uniform mixing and low-temperature storage, high-quality sample collection can be directly, rapidly and aseptically completed in the defecation process of a donor, the pollution risk is remarkably reduced, the flora activity is protected, the operation process is simplified, and the donor compliance is improved. After sampling, the low-temperature storage of the sample can be realized, the dependence on dry ice is avoided, and the storage and transportation cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sampling devices, and in particular to a fecal bacteria collection and storage device and a collection and storage method. Background Art

[0002] Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective treatment for specific intestinal diseases. It restores the balance of the patient's intestinal microbiome by processing and transplanting fecal microbiota from a healthy donor into the patient's intestines. The quality of the donor's fecal sample is crucial for its success; its sterility, bacterial activity, and representativeness are crucial.

[0003] At present, fecal microbiota transplant donor sampling usually adopts the following method: the donor defecates in a disposable bedpan, uses a tool to transfer the feces to a mixing cup for stirring, and then places the mixing cup in a dry ice bucket for storage. However, the existing technology has the following disadvantages: First, the user experience is poor. The operation during sample collection is awkward and unhygienic, which affects the donor's willingness to cooperate; Second, the operation is cumbersome and complicated. The fecal sample needs to be transferred from the bedpan to the tool, and then further transferred to the container. The steps are numerous and inconvenient for the donor to use; Third, the risk of contamination is high. The fecal microbiota is exposed to the air during the transfer process, which increases the risk of environmental microbial contamination, and the tools themselves may become a source of contamination or a carrier of cross-contamination; Fourth, the activity of the sample is impaired. The transfer process is relatively time-consuming, and the prolonged exposure time of the sample may cause the inactivation of some anaerobic bacteria, and the blade of the mixing cup may also cause mechanical damage to the bacteria; Fifth, the transportation and storage costs are high. Fecal samples need to be stored in dry ice, which is relatively expensive.

[0004] CN207483746U discloses a fecal bacteria sample protection device, which includes a sampler, an open collection container and a cap that can close the collection container. The cap is provided with a liquid storage chamber and a partition that closes the liquid storage chamber. The liquid storage chamber contains a protective liquid. The cavity wall of the liquid storage chamber can be squeezed and deformed. The liquid storage chamber is provided with a thimble that can pierce the partition when squeezed and deformed to introduce the protective liquid into the collection container. CN208814994U discloses a fecal bacteria sample protection device, including a sample collection container, the sample collection container is open at the top, and a liquid outlet channel is provided at the bottom. The liquid outlet channel is sealed with a rubber plug, and the outer surface of the liquid outlet channel is provided with an upper protrusion and a lower protrusion. A key is provided on the outer side of the upper surface of the rubber plug. A container cap is provided above the open end of the sample collection container, and a protective liquid storage cavity and a partition are provided inside the container cap. A thimble is inserted in the middle of the upper surface of the container cap, and a snap is provided at the upper end of the thimble. A snap ring is provided between the snap and the upper surface of the container cap, and a spring is wound on the outer surface of the thimble located inside the snap ring. The design of the above device is relatively complex, the preparation cost is high, and it is impossible to achieve mixing and low-temperature storage of fecal bacteria samples and protective liquid.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a fecal bacteria collection and storage device that is easy to operate on donors, can perform sterile sampling, can achieve automatic mixing and low-temperature storage, and is low-cost. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fecal bacteria collection and storage device and collection and storage method, which integrates collection, sealing, mixing, and low-temperature storage, significantly reduces the risk of contamination, simplifies the operating process, and improves donor compliance.

[0007] In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a fecal bacteria collection and storage device, which includes a sample storage bin, in which a preservation liquid is provided; the opening of the sample storage bin is covered with a protective cover with a refrigeration bin, and the refrigeration bin and the sample storage bin are separated by a water-soluble diaphragm; a refrigeration structure layer is provided in the refrigeration bin; the collection and storage device also includes an external drive base.

[0009] The fecal bacteria collection and storage device provided by the present invention integrates collection, sealing, mixing, and low-temperature storage. It can enable the donor to complete high-quality sample collection directly, quickly, and aseptically during defecation, significantly reducing the risk of contamination, protecting the activity of the flora, simplifying the operating process, and improving donor compliance. After sampling, the sample and the protective liquid can be quickly mixed, and the sample can be stored at low temperature, avoiding dependence on dry ice and reducing storage and transportation costs. The fecal bacteria collection and storage device is suitable for on-site sampling in medical institutions, and is also particularly suitable for self-service sampling by donors at home.

[0010] The preservation solution includes 25% glycerol.

[0011] The "25% glycerol" mentioned in the present invention refers to a mixed solution of glycerol and water, wherein the mass proportion of glycerol is 25% and the mass proportion of PBS (phosphate buffered saline) is 75%.

[0012] Preferably, the water-soluble membrane is a blended film of polyvinyl alcohol and starch.

[0013] The dissolution time of the water-soluble membrane in the presence of an aqueous sample is less than 30 seconds, for example, 25 seconds, 20 seconds, 15 seconds, 10 seconds or 5 seconds, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0014] It should be noted that the thickness range of the water-soluble membrane is not specifically limited in the present invention. The thickness of the water-soluble membrane is characterized by its dissolution time when encountering an aqueous sample. The longer the dissolution time, the thicker the water-soluble membrane, and the shorter the dissolution time, the thinner the water-soluble membrane.

[0015] Preferably, the refrigeration structure layer includes an endothermic reaction layer and a phase change constant temperature layer. The endothermic reaction layer is laid at one end of the refrigeration chamber away from the water-soluble diaphragm, and the phase change constant temperature layer is an annular interlayer filled in the side wall of the refrigeration chamber.

[0016] Preferably, the endothermic reaction layer is obtained by alternatingly stacking ammonium salt particle layers and urea layers, the number of ammonium salt particle layers and urea layers are 9-11 layers respectively, the thickness of a single ammonium salt particle layer is 4-6 mm, and the thickness of a single urea layer is 2-3 mm.

[0017] The number of layers of the ammonium salt particle layer and the urea layer are 9-11 layers respectively, for example, 9 layers, 10 layers or 11 layers.

[0018] The thickness of the single layer of the ammonium salt particle layer is 4-6 mm, for example, 4 mm, 4.5 mm, 5 mm, 5.5 mm or 6 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0019] The thickness of the single layer of the urea layer is 2-3 mm, for example, 2 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.8 mm or 3 mm, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0020] The ammonium salt in the ammonium salt particle layer includes ammonium chloride and / or ammonium nitrate.

[0021] The material of the phase change constant temperature layer is a polymer-based phase change composite material, model PCM-50C, and the thickness of the phase change constant temperature layer is 0.8-1.2 cm, for example, it can be 0.8 cm, 0.9 cm, 1 cm, 1.1 cm or 1.2 cm, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0022] The polymer-based phase change composite material of model PCM-50C described in the present invention is produced by Qingdao Saimao New Materials Co., Ltd.

[0023] Preferably, the inner walls of the sample storage bin and the refrigeration bin are independently provided with heat-insulating composite films, and the heat-insulating composite films include aluminum-plated PET films and PE films sequentially provided on the inner walls.

[0024] The thermal conductivity of the heat-insulating composite film of the present invention is less than 0.02W / (m·K), which effectively blocks the heat exchange between the fecal samples in the sample storage chamber and the refrigeration chamber and the outside.

[0025] Preferably, a rotating magnetic field generator and a timing controller are provided inside the external driving base, and a magnetic rotor is provided inside the sample storage chamber.

[0026] The present invention adopts a rotating magnetic field generator of an external drive base to magnetically drive the magnetic rotor in the sample storage chamber, so that the magnetic rotor can effectively disperse the fecal sample, and the external drive base can be recycled and reused, reducing production costs.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for collecting and storing fecal bacteria, which is performed using the fecal bacteria collection and storage device described in the first aspect. The method comprises the following steps:

[0028] The fecal sample is discharged into the sample storage chamber, and then covered with a protective cover with a refrigeration chamber; the sample storage chamber is placed on an external drive base to disperse the fecal sample; the external drive base is removed, the sample storage chamber is turned upside down, and the fecal sample dissolves the water-soluble diaphragm and falls into the refrigeration chamber to start the refrigeration reaction.

[0029] The fecal microbiome collection and storage method provided by the present invention features one-step, sterile sampling. Feces are directly discharged into the sample storage chamber, which has a sterile inner cavity. This eliminates the need for manual transfer, reduces sample exposure time, and significantly reduces operational complexity and contamination risks. A built-in refrigeration chamber allows the fecal sample to contact the refrigeration material as soon as possible after sampling, maximizing the protection of the sample's activity. The donor only needs to defecate into the sample storage chamber, activate the external drive base to disperse the fecal sample, cover it with a protective cover with a refrigeration chamber, and invert it to activate the refrigeration chamber. The procedure is clear and simple, requiring no professional training, providing a good user experience and improving donor compliance.

[0030] Preferably, the dispersion treatment comprises magnetic stirring at a rotation speed of 450-550 rpm for 4-6 min.

[0031] The rotation speed of the magnetic stirring is 450-550 rpm, for example, 450 rpm, 480 rpm, 500 rpm, 520 rpm or 550 rpm, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0032] The magnetic stirring time is 4-6 min, for example, 4 min, 4.5 min, 5 min, 5.5 min or 6 min, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0033] Preferably, the temperature reached by the refrigeration reaction is -50°C and the time is 48-72 hours.

[0034] The refrigeration reaction time is 48-72 hours, for example, 48 hours, 55 hours, 60 hours, 65 hours or 72 hours, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0035] After the fecal sample falls into the refrigeration chamber, the refrigeration structure layer is immersed in liquid, and the ammonium salt particles and urea dissolve in water to start an endothermic reaction, ΔH=-207kJ / kg. The material in the phase change constant temperature layer absorbs the cold and maintains a constant temperature of -50°C for up to 48-72 hours, ensuring the activity of the fecal sample.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] The fecal bacteria collection and storage device provided by the present invention integrates collection, sealing, mixing, and low-temperature storage. It can enable the donor to complete high-quality sample collection directly, quickly, and aseptically during defecation, significantly reducing the risk of contamination, protecting the activity of the flora, simplifying the operating process, and improving donor compliance. After sampling, the sample and the protective liquid can be quickly mixed, and the external drive base can be recycled. The collection and storage device can be directly placed in a -80°C refrigerator for long-term storage without the need for secondary transfer. The device can achieve low-temperature storage of samples, avoids dependence on dry ice, and reduces storage and transportation costs. The fecal bacteria collection and storage device integrates the collection container, sealing system, and preservation system into one device, which is ready for use after opening the lid, convenient for management and distribution, and is not only suitable for on-site sampling in medical institutions, but also particularly suitable for self-service sampling by donors at home. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fecal bacteria collection and storage device provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Among them: 1, sample storage chamber; 2, 25% glycerol preservation solution; 3, magnetic rotor; 4, refrigeration chamber; 5, water-soluble diaphragm; 6, external drive base; 7, endothermic reaction layer; 8, phase change constant temperature layer; 9, thermal insulation composite film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below by way of specific embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments are merely to help understand the present invention and should not be regarded as specific limitations of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] This embodiment provides a fecal bacteria collection and storage device, the structural diagram of which is shown in FIG. Figure 1As shown, the collection and storage device includes a sample storage chamber 1, which contains a 25% glycerol preservative solution 2 and a magnetic rotor 3. The opening of the sample storage chamber 1 is covered with a protective cover with a refrigeration chamber 4. The refrigeration chamber 4 is separated from the sample storage chamber 1 by a water-soluble membrane 5. The membrane 5 is a polyvinyl alcohol and starch blend film with a dissolution time of 10 seconds when exposed to aqueous samples. The collection and storage device also includes an external drive base 6, which houses a rotating magnetic field generator and a timing controller.

[0043] A refrigeration structure layer is provided in the refrigeration warehouse 4; the refrigeration structure layer includes an endothermic reaction layer 7 and a phase change constant temperature layer 8. The endothermic reaction layer 7 is laid at one end of the refrigeration warehouse 4 away from the water-soluble diaphragm 5, and is obtained by alternatingly stacking 9 layers of ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate granules with a single layer thickness of 6 mm and 9 layers of urea with a single layer thickness of 3 mm; the phase change constant temperature layer 8 is an annular interlayer filled in the side wall of the refrigeration warehouse 4, with a thickness of 1.2 cm, and is made of a polymer-based phase change composite material, model PCM-50C.

[0044] The inner side walls of the sample storage bin 1 and the refrigeration bin 4 are independently provided with a heat-insulating composite film 9 , and the heat-insulating composite film 9 includes an aluminum-plated PET film and a PE film sequentially provided on the inner side walls.

[0045] The collection and storage device is used to collect and store fecal bacteria, and the collection and storage method includes the following steps:

[0046] The fecal sample is discharged into the sample storage chamber 1, and then covered with a protective cover with a refrigeration chamber 4; the sample storage chamber 1 is placed on the external drive base 6, and the fecal sample is magnetically stirred at a speed of 500 rpm for 5 minutes; the external drive base 6 is removed, the sample storage chamber 1 is turned upside down, and the fecal sample dissolves the water-soluble diaphragm 5 and then falls into the refrigeration chamber 4 to start the refrigeration reaction.

[0047] The fecal bacteria collection and storage device provided in this embodiment can achieve one-step sterile sampling, is easy to operate, has wide adaptability, continuously monitors the temperature of the refrigeration chamber at -50°C, and can maintain a constant temperature for up to 72 hours, indicating that the collection and storage device has a good protection effect on sample activity.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] This embodiment provides a fecal microbiome collection and storage device, comprising a sample storage chamber 1 containing a 25% glycerol preservative solution 2 and a magnetic rotor 3. The opening of the sample storage chamber 1 is covered with a protective cover with a refrigeration chamber 4. The refrigeration chamber 4 is separated from the sample storage chamber 1 by a water-soluble membrane 5. The water-soluble membrane 5 is a polyvinyl alcohol and starch blend film with a dissolution time of 15 seconds when exposed to aqueous samples. The collection and storage device also includes an external drive base 6, which is internally equipped with a rotating magnetic field generator and a timing controller.

[0050] A refrigeration structure layer is provided in the refrigeration warehouse 4; the refrigeration structure layer includes an endothermic reaction layer 7 and a phase change constant temperature layer 8. The endothermic reaction layer 7 is laid at one end of the refrigeration warehouse 4 away from the water-soluble diaphragm 5, and is obtained by alternatingly stacking 10 layers of ammonium nitrate granules with a single layer thickness of 5 mm and 10 layers of urea with a single layer thickness of 2.5 mm; the phase change constant temperature layer 8 is an annular interlayer filled in the side wall of the refrigeration warehouse 4, with a thickness of 1 cm, and is made of a polymer-based phase change composite material, model PCM-50C.

[0051] The inner side walls of the sample storage bin 1 and the refrigeration bin 4 are independently provided with a heat-insulating composite film 9 , and the heat-insulating composite film 9 includes an aluminum-plated PET film and a PE film sequentially provided on the inner side walls.

[0052] The collection and storage device is used to collect and store fecal bacteria, and the collection and storage method includes the following steps:

[0053] The fecal sample is discharged into the sample storage chamber 1, and then covered with a protective cover with a refrigeration chamber 4; the sample storage chamber 1 is placed on the external drive base 6, and the fecal sample is magnetically stirred at a speed of 450 rpm for 6 minutes; the external drive base 6 is removed, and the sample storage chamber 1 is turned upside down. The fecal sample dissolves the water-soluble diaphragm 5 and then falls into the refrigeration chamber 4 to start the refrigeration reaction.

[0054] The fecal bacteria collection and storage device provided in this embodiment can achieve one-step sterile sampling, is easy to operate, has wide adaptability, continuously monitors the temperature of the refrigeration chamber at -50°C, and can maintain a constant temperature for up to 64 hours, indicating that the collection and storage device has a good protection effect on sample activity.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] This embodiment provides a fecal microbiome collection and storage device, comprising a sample storage chamber 1 containing a 25% glycerol preservative solution 2 and a magnetic rotor 3. The opening of the sample storage chamber 1 is covered with a protective cover with a refrigeration chamber 4. The refrigeration chamber 4 is separated from the sample storage chamber 1 by a water-soluble membrane 5. The water-soluble membrane 5 is a polyvinyl alcohol and starch blend film with a dissolution time of 20 seconds when exposed to aqueous samples. The collection and storage device also includes an external drive base 6, which is internally equipped with a rotating magnetic field generator and a timing controller.

[0057] A refrigeration structure layer is provided in the refrigeration warehouse 4; the refrigeration structure layer includes an endothermic reaction layer 7 and a phase change constant temperature layer 8. The endothermic reaction layer 7 is laid at one end of the refrigeration warehouse 4 away from the water-soluble diaphragm 5, and is obtained by alternatingly stacking 11 layers of ammonium chloride granules with a single layer thickness of 4 mm and 11 layers of urea with a single layer thickness of 2 mm; the phase change constant temperature layer 8 is an annular interlayer filled in the side wall of the refrigeration warehouse 4, with a thickness of 0.8 cm, and is made of a polymer-based phase change composite material, model PCM-50C.

[0058] The inner side walls of the sample storage bin 1 and the refrigeration bin 4 are independently provided with a heat-insulating composite film 9 , and the heat-insulating composite film 9 includes an aluminum-plated PET film and a PE film sequentially provided on the inner side walls.

[0059] The collection and storage device is used to collect and store fecal bacteria, and the collection and storage method includes the following steps:

[0060] The fecal sample is discharged into the sample storage chamber 1, and then covered with a protective cover with a refrigeration chamber 4; the sample storage chamber 1 is placed on the external drive base 6, and the fecal sample is magnetically stirred at a speed of 550 rpm for 4 minutes; the external drive base 6 is removed, and the sample storage chamber 1 is turned upside down. The fecal sample dissolves the water-soluble diaphragm 5 and then falls into the refrigeration chamber 4 to start the refrigeration reaction.

[0061] The fecal bacteria collection and storage device provided in this embodiment can achieve one-step sterile sampling, is easy to operate, has wide adaptability, continuously monitors the temperature of the refrigeration chamber at -50°C, and can maintain a constant temperature for up to 58 hours, indicating that the collection and storage device has a good protection effect on sample activity.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] This embodiment provides a fecal bacteria collection and storage device, which differs from Example 1 in that the phase change constant temperature layer 8 is not provided in the refrigeration structure layer, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0064] The fecal bacteria collection and storage device provided in this embodiment does not have a phase change constant temperature layer, which will reduce the constant temperature storage effect of fecal samples. The temperature of the monitored refrigeration chamber is -50°C, and the continuous insulation time is 40 hours, indicating that the protection effect of the collection and storage device on sample activity has decreased.

[0065] Example 5

[0066] This embodiment provides a fecal bacteria collection and storage device. The difference from Example 1 is that the number of layers of the ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate granule layers is adjusted to 5 layers, and the number of layers of the urea layer is adjusted to 5 layers. The rest is the same as Example 1.

[0067] The fecal bacteria collection and storage device provided in this embodiment has too few layers of ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate granules and too few layers of urea, which will reduce the refrigeration effect of the refrigeration chamber. The temperature of the refrigeration chamber is continuously monitored to be -50°C, and the continuous insulation time is 35 hours, indicating that the protection effect of the collection and storage device on the activity of the sample has decreased.

[0068] Example 6

[0069] This embodiment provides a fecal bacteria collection and storage device, which differs from Example 1 in that the inner walls of the sample storage bin 1 and the refrigeration bin 4 are not provided with a heat-insulating composite film 9, and the rest are the same as Example 1.

[0070] Since the fecal bacteria collection and storage device provided in this embodiment is not provided with a heat-insulating composite film, the constant temperature storage effect of the fecal sample will be reduced. The temperature of the refrigeration chamber is continuously monitored to be -50°C, and the continuous insulation time is 42 hours, indicating that the protective effect of the collection and storage device on the sample activity has decreased.

[0071] Example 7

[0072] This embodiment provides a fecal bacteria collection and storage device. The difference between the fecal bacteria collection and storage method using the collection and storage device and Example 1 is that, except for adjusting the speed of the magnetic stirring to 400 rpm, the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0073] In this embodiment, since the rotation speed of the magnetic stirring is too low, the dispersion effect of the fecal sample will be reduced, which is not conducive to the subsequent use of fecal bacteria. The temperature of the refrigeration chamber and the insulation time have no obvious changes.

[0074] Example 8

[0075] This embodiment provides a fecal bacteria collection and storage device. The difference between the fecal bacteria collection and storage method using the collection and storage device and Example 1 is that, except for adjusting the speed of the magnetic stirring to 600 rpm, the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0076] In this embodiment, the magnetic stirring speed is too high, which will cause mechanical damage to the fecal microbiota in the fecal sample, thereby making it unusable for fecal microbiota transplantation. There is no significant change in the temperature of the refrigeration chamber and the holding time.

[0077] Comparative Example 1

[0078] This comparative example provides a fecal bacteria collection and storage device, including a disposable bedpan, a spoon, a mixing cup and a dry ice bucket. The method for collecting and storing fecal bacteria using the collection and storage device includes: discharging the fecal sample into the disposable bedpan, then using a spoon to transfer the fecal sample to the mixing cup for stirring, and then placing the mixing cup in a dry ice bucket for storage.

[0079] The fecal bacteria collection and storage device provided in this comparative example is cumbersome and complicated to operate and has a high risk of contamination during the sample collection process. The sample exposure time is prolonged during the transfer process, resulting in the inactivation of some anaerobic bacteria, and the blades of the mixing cup may cause mechanical damage to the bacteria. There is also the problem of high transportation and storage costs.

[0080] In summary, the fecal bacteria collection and storage device provided by the present invention integrates collection, sealing, mixing, and low-temperature storage, which can enable the donor to complete high-quality sample collection directly, quickly, and aseptically during defecation, significantly reducing the risk of contamination, protecting the activity of the flora, simplifying the operating process, and improving donor compliance. After sampling, the sample can be stored at low temperature, avoiding dependence on dry ice and reducing storage and transportation costs. The fecal bacteria collection and storage device integrates the collection container, sealing system, and preservation system into one device, which is ready for use after opening the lid, is convenient for management and distribution, and is not only suitable for on-site sampling in medical institutions, but also particularly suitable for self-service sampling by donors at home.

[0081] The applicant declares that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention fall within the scope of protection and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fecal bacteria collection and storage device, characterized in that: The collection and storage device includes a sample storage bin, in which a preservation liquid is provided; the opening of the sample storage bin is covered with a protective cover with a refrigeration bin, and the refrigeration bin and the sample storage bin are separated by a water-soluble diaphragm; a refrigeration structure layer is provided in the refrigeration bin; the collection and storage device also includes an external drive base.

2. The fecal bacteria collection and storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preservation solution includes 25% glycerol.

3. The fecal bacteria collection and storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-soluble membrane is a blended membrane of polyvinyl alcohol and starch; The dissolution time of the water-soluble membrane when encountering an aqueous sample is less than 30 seconds.

4. The fecal bacteria collection and storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigeration structure layer includes an endothermic reaction layer and a phase change constant temperature layer. The endothermic reaction layer is laid on one end of the refrigeration chamber away from the water-soluble diaphragm, and the phase change constant temperature layer is an annular interlayer filled in the side wall of the refrigeration chamber.

5. The fecal bacteria collection and storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The endothermic reaction layer is formed by alternating ammonium salt particle layers and urea layers, wherein the number of ammonium salt particle layers and urea layers is 9-11 layers respectively, the thickness of a single ammonium salt particle layer is 4-6 mm, and the thickness of a single urea layer is 2-3 mm; The ammonium salt in the ammonium salt particle layer includes ammonium chloride and / or ammonium nitrate; The material of the phase change constant temperature layer is a polymer-based phase change composite material, model PCM-50C, and the thickness of the phase change constant temperature layer is 0.8-1.2 cm.

6. The fecal bacteria collection and storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side walls of the sample storage bin and the refrigeration bin are independently provided with heat-insulating composite films, and the heat-insulating composite films include aluminum-plated PET films and PE films sequentially provided on the inner side walls.

7. The fecal bacteria collection and storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating magnetic field generator and a timing controller are arranged inside the external driving base, and a magnetic rotor is arranged inside the sample storage chamber.

8. A method for collecting and storing fecal bacteria, characterized in that: The collection and storage method is performed by the fecal bacteria collection and storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the collection and storage method comprises the following steps: The fecal sample is discharged into the sample storage chamber, and then covered with a protective cover with a refrigeration chamber; the sample storage chamber is placed on an external drive base to disperse the fecal sample; Remove the external drive base, turn the sample storage chamber upside down, and the fecal sample will dissolve the water-soluble diaphragm and fall into the refrigeration chamber to start the refrigeration reaction.

9. The method for collecting and storing fecal bacteria according to claim 8, characterized in that: The dispersion treatment includes magnetic stirring at a rotation speed of 450-550 rpm for 4-6 minutes.

10. The method for collecting and storing fecal bacteria according to claim 8, characterized in that: The temperature reached by the refrigeration reaction is -50°C and the time is 48-72 hours.

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