Electric driving system, driving method and electric loader

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric driving system, a driving method and an electric loader. The walking motor drives the electric loader to walk, the tipping bucket electric cylinder drives the bucket to move, the steering electric cylinder drives the electric loader to steer, and the movable arm electric cylinder drives the movable arm to move, so that compared with traditional hydraulic driving, element types are greatly reduced, the element failure rate is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved. And in addition, the electric cylinder driving solves the impact of the starting and ending positions of the hydraulic oil cylinder, the driving comfort is improved, and the problems that a hydraulic system is low in response speed, low in transmission efficiency, poor in anti-pollution capacity, large in noise and vibration and the like are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electric drive system, a drive method and an electric loader, and belongs to the technical field of loading equipment. Background Art

[0002] Loaders are widely used in construction sites, mines, ports and other fields. Specifically, they can be used for operations such as excavation and filling in roadbed projects, collection and loading of asphalt mixtures and cement concrete material yards, and can also be used for operations such as pushing soil, leveling the ground, and towing other machinery. At present, the working linkage and steering mechanisms of loaders mostly use hydraulic drive systems to control hydraulic cylinders to complete operations such as shoveling, unloading, and steering. During operation, loaders need to frequently load and unload materials, and have certain requirements for operating efficiency. Hydraulic drive systems generally have problems such as slow response speed, low transmission efficiency, poor anti-pollution ability, and also generate large noise and vibration. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides an electric drive system, a drive method and an electric loader, which solve the problems disclosed in the background technology.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present application, an electric drive system is provided, which is arranged on a vehicle frame. The system includes a vehicle controller, an input end of the vehicle controller is connected to an operating mechanism, and an output end of the vehicle controller is connected to a travel motor through a first controller, to a dump bucket electric cylinder and a steering electric cylinder through a second controller, and to an arm electric cylinder through a third controller; wherein the travel motor is used to drive the vehicle to travel, the dump bucket electric cylinder is used to drive the bucket to move, the steering electric cylinder is used to drive the electric loader to steer, and the arm electric cylinder is used to drive the arm to move.

[0005] Furthermore, the front frame includes a first side bracket and a second side bracket arranged opposite to each other, a bucket cylinder bracket is connected between the upper end of the first side bracket and the upper end of the second side bracket, a hinged plate bracket is connected between the upper end of the first side bracket and the lower end of the second side bracket, the first side bracket and the second side bracket are rotatably connected to the front ear seat of the boom electric cylinder, the bucket cylinder bracket is rotatably connected to the front ear seat of the bucket electric cylinder, and the hinged plate bracket is rotatably connected to the rear ear seat of the steering electric cylinder.

[0006] Furthermore, the structures of the first side bracket and the second side bracket are consistent, both including a first vertical plate and a second vertical plate arranged opposite to each other, a box-type structure is connected between the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate, opposite upper ear plates are connected to the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate above the box-type structure, and the upper ear plates are connected to the box-type structure, and the opposite upper ear plates are rotatably connected to the working connecting rod system, the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate below the box-type structure are connected to opposite lower ear plates, and the lower ear plates are connected to the box-type structure, and the opposite lower ear plates are rotatably connected to the front ear seat of the boom electric cylinder, and the rear ear seat of the boom electric cylinder is rotatably connected to the working connecting rod system.

[0007] Furthermore, the bucket cylinder bracket includes a third vertical plate, which is connected between the upper end of the first side bracket and the upper end of the second side bracket. The third vertical plate is connected to the bucket plate, and the bucket plate is connected to a relative bucket ear plate. The bucket ear plate is rotatably connected to the front ear seat of the bucket electric cylinder, and the rear ear seat of the bucket electric cylinder is rotatably connected to the working connecting rod system. The connection between the bucket plate and the bucket ear plate is also connected to the bucket bracket. The bucket bracket, the bucket plate and the bucket ear plate form a box-type structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the articulated plate bracket includes a fourth vertical plate, which is bent and connected to the inner side of the second vertical plate of the first side bracket. The fourth vertical plate and the second vertical plate of the first side bracket form a box-type structure. The fourth vertical plate is connected to the front steering ear plate, which is rotatably connected to the rear ear seat of the steering electric cylinder. The front ear seat of the steering electric cylinder is rotatably connected to the rear steering ear plate of the rear frame. The connection between the front steering ear plate and the fourth vertical plate is also connected to the front steering bracket, which is rotatably connected to the rear frame.

[0009] Furthermore, the rear steering ear plate of the rear frame is connected to the fifth vertical plate, which is a vertical plate bent in the vertical direction. The connection between the rear steering ear plate and the fifth vertical plate is also connected to the ear plate bracket and the rear steering bracket. The rear steering bracket is rotatably connected to the front steering bracket. The fifth vertical plate, the rear steering ear plate and the ear plate bracket form a box-type structure.

[0010] According to another aspect of the present application, an electric drive method is provided, which is driven by the above-mentioned electric drive system, and the driving method includes: In response to receiving an operation signal sent by the operating mechanism, analyzing the operation signal; If the signal obtained by analysis is a walking signal, the walking signal is sent to the first controller to control the walking motor; If the signal obtained by analysis is a tipping bucket signal, the tipping bucket signal is sent to the second controller to control the tipping bucket electric cylinder; If the signal obtained by the analysis is a steering signal, the steering signal is sent to the second controller to control the steering electric cylinder; If the signal obtained through analysis is a boom signal, the boom signal is sent to a third controller to control the boom electric cylinder.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present application, an electric loader is provided, characterized in that it includes the above-mentioned electric drive system.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a cooling system arranged on the frame, the cooling system including a radiator, a first water pump, a second water pump, a cooling channel in the first controller, a cooling channel in the travel motor, a cooling channel in the second controller, a cooling channel in the dump electric cylinder, a cooling channel in the steering electric cylinder, a cooling channel in the third controller and a cooling channel in the boom electric cylinder; The output end of the first cooling channel in the radiator is connected to the first water pump and the cooling channel in the third controller in sequence. The output end of the cooling channel in the third controller is connected to the input end of the first cooling channel in the radiator through the cooling channel in the boom electric cylinder and the cooling channel in the dump bucket electric cylinder respectively. The output end and input end of the second cooling channel in the radiator are sequentially connected to the cooling channel in the first controller, the second water pump, the cooling channel in the second controller, the cooling channel in the travel motor, and the cooling channel in the steering electric cylinder.

[0013] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: the present invention adopts a travel motor to drive the electric loader to travel, adopts a dump bucket electric cylinder to drive the bucket movement, adopts a steering electric cylinder to drive the electric loader to steer, and adopts a boom electric cylinder to drive the boom movement. Compared with the traditional hydraulic drive, the types of components are greatly reduced, thereby reducing the component failure rate. Moreover, the electric cylinder drive solves the impact of the initial and final positions of the hydraulic cylinder, improves driving comfort, and also solves the problems of slow response speed, low transmission efficiency, poor anti-pollution ability, large noise and vibration in the hydraulic system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a block diagram of the electric drive system; Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of an electric loader; Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the front frame hinge; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first side bracket and the second side bracket; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the bucket cylinder bracket; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hinged plate bracket; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the steering lug of the rear frame; Figure 8 A block diagram of the cooling system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. It is obvious that the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present application and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0016] Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangement of components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0017] At the same time, it should be understood that for the convenience of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship.

[0018] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0019] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0020] It should be noted that like symbols and letters refer to like items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0021] At the same time, in the description of the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish the description and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0022] In order to solve the problems existing in the hydraulic drive system of the existing electric loader, the present application proposes an electric drive system, a drive method and an electric loader, specifically replacing all drives with electric drives, and adjusting part of the frame structure and the cooling system to adapt to the electric drive.

[0023] See Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a block diagram of an electric drive system provided in an embodiment of the present application. The electric drive system is mounted on a vehicle frame and may include at least a vehicle controller, a first controller, a travel motor, a second controller, a bucket electric cylinder 2, a steering electric cylinder 5, a third controller, and an arm electric cylinder 3. The input of the vehicle controller is connected to the operating mechanism, and the output of the vehicle controller is connected (specifically, via communication) to the travel motor via the first controller, to the bucket electric cylinder 2 and the steering electric cylinder 5 via the second controller, and to the arm electric cylinder 3 via the third controller. The travel motor is used to drive the vehicle, the bucket electric cylinder 2 is used to drive the bucket, the steering electric cylinder 5 is used to drive the electric loader to steer, and the arm electric cylinder 3 is used to drive the arm.

[0024] It should be noted that the operating mechanism can mainly include an accelerator pedal, a steering wheel (angle sensor), an electric control handle, etc., among which the opening of the accelerator pedal can control the speed of the travel motor, that is, control the speed of the entire vehicle, and the angle of rotation of the steering wheel (angle sensor) can control the steering electric cylinder 5, that is, control the steering of the entire vehicle. The electric control handle can send vehicle forward signals, reverse signals, dump bucket control signals, and boom control signals. These signals can control the steering of the travel motor, the dump bucket electric cylinder 2, and the boom electric cylinder 3, that is, control normal forward, backward, boom lifting, bucket retraction, bucket unloading and other actions.

[0025] It should be noted that the travel motor is mainly mounted on the rear frame 6 through brackets, bolts, etc. This is an existing structure and will not be described in detail here.

[0026] Two steering electric cylinders 5 can be installed. For example, if the entire vehicle is driven only by a travel motor, the travel motor is connected to the drive axle through a transmission shaft. The output torque of the travel motor increases and the speed decreases. The travel motor is centrally located (i.e., located in the middle of the rear frame 6). The steering electric cylinders 5 can be arranged on both sides, that is, the telescopic ends of the two steering electric cylinders 5 are hinged to the front steering ear plates 1401 on both sides of the vehicle's front frame 1, and the two steering electric cylinders 5 are hinged to the rear steering ear plates 63 on both sides of the vehicle's rear frame 6. The vehicle bogie is controlled by the two steering electric cylinders 5.

[0027] However, due to the large size of the steering cylinder 5, for ease of installation and cost savings, in some embodiments, a single steering cylinder 5 is installed. Since the front steering bracket 1403 of the front frame 1 and the rear steering bracket 64 of the rear frame 6 are connected via a pin, the rear lug of the steering cylinder 5 can be pinned to the front steering lug 1401 of the front frame 1, and the front lug of the steering cylinder 5 can be pinned to the rear steering lug 63 of the rear frame 6. Steering and centering of the front frame 1 are achieved through the extension and retraction of the steering cylinder 5. To accommodate the connection structure of a single steering cylinder 5, a drive structure combining a transfer case and a travel motor is selected for the vehicle. In this structure, the travel motor does not need to be centrally located, so the transfer case and travel motor can be installed on the left side of the rear frame 6, leaving space on the right side for the connection of the steering cylinder 5. Furthermore, since the driving force of the steering cylinder 5 is provided by a servo motor, the steering force can be linearly controlled, allowing even a single steering cylinder 5 to provide the required steering force.

[0028] It should be noted that, see Figure 2 The front frame 1 can rotate under the action of steering force. The boom electric cylinder 3 and the dump bucket electric cylinder 2 are installed between the front frame 1 and the working link system 4. Since the electric cylinder is larger than the hydraulic cylinder, the structure of the front frame 1 needs to be improved to meet the layout space of the electric cylinder. For the specific improved structure, see Figure 3 The front frame 1 includes a first side bracket 11 and a second side bracket 12 that are relatively arranged. A bucket cylinder bracket 13 is connected between the upper end of the first side bracket 11 and the upper end of the second side bracket 12. A hinged plate bracket 14 is connected between the upper end of the first side bracket 11 and the lower end of the second side bracket 12. The first side bracket 11 and the second side bracket 12 are rotatably connected to the front ear seat of the boom electric cylinder 3 through an axle pin, the bucket cylinder bracket 13 is rotatably connected to the front ear seat of the bucket electric cylinder 2 through an axle pin, and the hinged plate bracket 14 is rotatably connected to the rear ear seat of the steering electric cylinder 5 through an axle pin.

[0029] See also Figure 4The structures of the first side bracket 11 and the second side bracket 12 are consistent, and both include a first vertical plate 1101 and a second vertical plate 1102 arranged opposite to each other. The first vertical plate 1101 and the second vertical plate 1102 are connected (conventional welding method can be used) with a box-type structure 6. The first vertical plate 1101 and the second vertical plate 1102 above the box-type structure 6 are connected with opposite upper ear plates 1103, and the upper ear plates 1103 are connected to the box-type structure 6. The opposite upper ear plates 1103 are rotatably connected to the working link system 4 through an axle pin. The first vertical plate 1101 and the second vertical plate 1102 below the box-type structure 6 are connected with opposite lower ear plates 1104, and the lower ear plates 1104 are connected to the box-type structure 6. The opposite lower ear plates 1104 are rotatably connected to the front ear seat of the boom electric cylinder 3 through an axle pin, and the rear ear seat of the boom electric cylinder 3 is rotatably connected to the working link system 4 through an axle pin.

[0030] In order to ensure the stability of the first vertical plate 1101 and the second vertical plate 1102, some reinforcing structures will be fixed on the first vertical plate 1101 and the second vertical plate 1102, and between the first vertical plate 1101 and the second vertical plate 1102, such as fixing a patch plate 8 on the upper ends of the first vertical plate 1101 and the second vertical plate 1102, and the patch plate 8 will be connected to the upper ear plate 1103, and the strength of the plate at the position of the upper ear plate 1103 is enhanced by the patch plate 8, and two rib plates 7 are connected between the lower ends of the first vertical plate 1101 and the second vertical plate 1102, and the two rib plates 7 are distributed in a T shape, and the connection between the first vertical plate 1101 and the second vertical plate 1102 is strengthened by the rib plates 7.

[0031] It should be noted that the structure and position of the box-type structure 6 were determined through finite element analysis. Specifically, finite element analysis was performed on the first side bracket 11 and the second side bracket 12 by loading the tensile and compressive forces generated by the extension and retraction of the boom electric cylinder 3. The overall trapezoidal shape of the box-type structure 6 reduces the stress at the root of the weld seam between the upper and lower lug plates 1103 and 1104. During the rotation of the boom electric cylinder 3, there is no interference with the box-type structure 6. The rounded corner transitions of the box-type structure 6 eliminate stress concentration during sheet bending and effectively relieve welding stress. Furthermore, the box-type structure 6 significantly improves the overall structural strength, meeting the tensile, compressive, and transient impact forces exerted by the boom electric cylinder 3.

[0032] See also Figure 5The bucket cylinder bracket 13 includes a third vertical plate 1301, which is connected between the upper end of the first side bracket 11 and the upper end of the second side bracket 12. The third vertical plate 1301 is connected to the bucket plate 1302, and the bucket plate 1302 is connected to the relative bucket ear plate 1303. The bucket ear plate 1303 is rotatably connected to the front ear seat of the bucket electric cylinder 2 through an axle pin, and the rear ear seat of the bucket electric cylinder 2 is rotatably connected to the working connecting rod system 4 through an axle pin. The connection between the bucket plate 1302 and the bucket ear plate 1303 is also connected to the bucket bracket 1304. The bucket bracket 1304, the bucket plate 1302 and the bucket ear plate 1303 form a box-type structure 6.

[0033] It should be noted that in order to ensure the stability of the dump plate 1302, a stiffener 7 is connected between the dump plate 1302 and the third vertical plate 1301. The dump plate 1302, the second vertical plate 1102, the third vertical plate 1301 and the stiffener 7 also form a box-type structure 6.

[0034] It should be noted that, similar to the above, the structure and position of the box-type structure 6 were determined through finite element analysis. Specifically, finite element analysis was performed on the bucket cylinder bracket by loading the tensile and compressive forces generated by the expansion and contraction of the bucket electric cylinder 2. To improve the overall strength of the bucket lug plate 1303 and reduce the stress in the root weld, and to ensure that the bucket electric cylinder 2 does not interfere with the box-type structure 6 during rotation, the bucket bracket 1304 is bent and extended as far as possible to both ends of the bucket lug plate 1303, thereby increasing the strength of both ends of the bucket lug plate 1303. The box-type structure 6 can greatly improve the overall structural strength and withstand the tensile, compressive, and transient impact forces exerted by the bucket electric cylinder 2.

[0035] See also Figure 6 The hinged plate bracket 14 includes a fourth vertical plate 1402, which is bent and connected to the inner side of the second vertical plate 1102 of the first side bracket 11. The fourth vertical plate 1402 and the second vertical plate 1102 of the first side bracket 11 form a box-shaped structure. A front steering ear plate 1401 is connected (welded) to the fourth vertical plate 1402. The front steering ear plate 1401 is rotatably connected to the rear ear seat of the steering electric cylinder 5 through an axle pin. The front ear seat of the steering electric cylinder 5 is rotatably connected to the rear steering ear plate 63 of the rear frame 6 through an axle pin. The connection between the fourth vertical plate 1402 and the second vertical plate 1102 is also connected to the front steering bracket 1403, and the front steering bracket 1403 is rotatably connected to the rear frame 6 (specifically, the rear steering bracket 64 of the rear frame 6).

[0036] It should be noted that by directly welding the front steering ear plate 1401 to the fourth vertical plate 1402 and directly utilizing the box-type structure 6, the front steering ear plate 1401 is strengthened, and the weld length of the front steering ear plate 1401 is increased, thereby greatly reducing the weld root stress of the front steering ear plate 1401.

[0037] Similar to the front frame 1, in order to meet the assembly space of the steering electric cylinder 5, in some implementations, the steering ear plate connection of the rear frame 6 is also improved. The improved structure can be seen in Figure 7 The rear steering ear plate 63 of the rear frame 6 is connected to the fifth vertical plate 61. The fifth vertical plate 61 is a vertical plate with a vertical bend. The connection between the rear steering ear plate 63 and the fifth vertical plate 61 is also connected to the ear plate bracket 62 and the rear steering bracket 64. The rear steering bracket 64 is rotatably connected to the front steering bracket 1403. The ear plate bracket 62, the fifth vertical plate 61 and the rear steering ear plate 63 form a box-type structure 6.

[0038] It should be noted that to reinforce the fifth vertical plate 61, a plate 8 is fixed to the fifth vertical plate 61 to ensure that the fifth vertical plate 61 meets the plate strength requirements. Similarly, to reinforce the rear steering ear plate 63, a bent plate 65 is connected between the rear steering ear plate 63 and the fifth vertical plate 61. Combined with the rear steering bracket 64, the rear steering ear plate 63 is supported and strengthened, which also further reduces the weld stress at the bottom and top of the rear steering ear plate 63. The box-type structure 6 greatly reduces the weld stress at both ends of the rear steering ear plate 63. At the same time, to avoid interference with the ear plate bracket 62 during the rotation of the steering electric cylinder 5, the ear plate bracket 62 needs to be positioned appropriately.

[0039] The above system uses a travel motor to drive the electric loader to move, uses a dump bucket electric cylinder 2 to drive the bucket movement, uses a steering electric cylinder 5 to drive the electric loader to steer, and uses an arm electric cylinder 3 to drive the arm movement. Compared with traditional hydraulic drive, the types of components are greatly reduced, thereby reducing the component failure rate. In addition, the electric cylinder drive solves the impact of the starting and ending positions of the hydraulic cylinder, improves driving comfort, and solves the problems of slow response speed, low transmission efficiency, poor anti-pollution ability, large noise and vibration in the hydraulic system.

[0040] Based on the above electric drive system, the present application also discloses a corresponding driving method, which is implemented in a program and can be loaded into a vehicle controller. The method may at least include: Step 1: In response to receiving an operation signal sent by an operating mechanism, the operation signal is analyzed.

[0041] Step 2: If the signal obtained by analysis is a walking signal, the walking signal is sent to the first controller to control the walking motor; if the signal obtained by analysis is a tipping bucket signal, the tipping bucket signal is sent to the second controller to control the tipping bucket electric cylinder 2; if the signal obtained by analysis is a steering signal, the steering signal is sent to the second controller to control the steering electric cylinder 5; if the signal obtained by analysis is a boom signal, the boom signal is sent to the third controller to control the boom electric cylinder 3.

[0042] The operating mechanism sends CAN messages for the whole machine to move forward and backward, as well as for the boom to be raised and lowered, the rocker arm to be rotated, and the whole machine to be turned. The vehicle controller parses the CAN message. If the parsing result is a walking signal, the walking signal is sent to the first controller. The first controller controls the walking motor according to the walking signal, thereby realizing the whole machine to move forward and backward. If the parsing result is a bucket signal, the bucket signal is sent to the second controller. The second controller controls the bucket electric cylinder 2 according to the bucket signal, thereby realizing the rocker arm rotation, that is, bucket collection and unloading. If the parsing result is a steering signal, the steering signal is sent to the second controller. The second controller controls the steering electric cylinder 5 according to the steering signal, thereby realizing the steering of the whole machine. If the parsing result is a boom signal, the boom signal is sent to the third controller. The third controller controls the boom electric cylinder 3 according to the boom signal, thereby realizing the boom lifting and lowering.

[0043] The control logic of the above-mentioned driving method no longer requires electro-hydraulic signal conversion and action execution, thereby improving the responsiveness and sensitivity of the entire machine.

[0044] Based on the above electric drive system, the present application also discloses a corresponding electric loader, which may at least include the above electric drive system and be driven by the above electric drive method.

[0045] The structure of the electric loader can be found in Figure 2 In addition to the above-mentioned electric drive system, it also includes a bucket, a working linkage system 4, a front frame system, a cab system, a cooling system, a hood system, a rear frame 6 system, a battery system, a motor system, a drive axle system, and the like.

[0046] It should be noted that since the electric cylinder is controlled by a servo motor, the motor needs to be cooled accordingly to ensure that the electric cylinder can work properly. Therefore, in some embodiments, a cooling system is installed on the frame of the electric loader. Figure 8 The cooling system includes a radiator, a first water pump, a second water pump, a cooling channel in the first controller, a cooling channel in the travel motor, a cooling channel in the second controller, a cooling channel in the dump electric cylinder 2, a cooling channel in the steering electric cylinder 5, a cooling channel in the third controller and a cooling channel in the boom electric cylinder 3; the output end of the first cooling channel in the radiator is connected to the first water pump and the cooling channel in the third controller in sequence, and the output end of the cooling channel in the third controller is connected to the input end of the first cooling channel in the radiator through the cooling channel in the boom electric cylinder 3 and the cooling channel in the dump electric cylinder 2 respectively; the output end and input end of the second cooling channel in the radiator are connected to the cooling channel in the first controller, the second water pump, the cooling channel in the second controller, the cooling channel in the travel motor, and the cooling channel in the steering electric cylinder 5 in sequence.

[0047] The cooling system adopts a dual water pump parallel structure, and two coolant circuits are realized through two water pumps, which can cool all electric cylinders and ensure that the electric cylinders are within the normal temperature range.

[0048] The above-mentioned electric loader uses electric drive instead of hydraulic drive, which greatly reduces the number of components and thus reduces the component failure rate. In addition, the electric cylinder drive solves the impact of the starting and ending positions of the hydraulic cylinder, improves driving comfort, and solves the problems of slow response speed, low transmission efficiency, poor anti-pollution ability, large noise and vibration in the hydraulic system.

[0049] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric drive system, characterized in that: The system is arranged on a vehicle frame, and includes a vehicle controller, an input end of the vehicle controller is connected to an operating mechanism, and an output end of the vehicle controller is connected to a travel motor through a first controller, to a dump bucket electric cylinder and a steering electric cylinder through a second controller, and to an arm electric cylinder through a third controller; wherein the travel motor is used to drive the vehicle to travel, the dump bucket electric cylinder is used to drive the bucket to move, the steering electric cylinder is used to drive the electric loader to steer, and the arm electric cylinder is used to drive the arm to move.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The front frame includes a first side bracket and a second side bracket which are arranged opposite to each other, a bucket cylinder bracket is connected between the upper end of the first side bracket and the upper end of the second side bracket, a hinged plate bracket is connected between the upper end of the first side bracket and the lower end of the second side bracket, the first side bracket and the second side bracket are rotatably connected to the front ear seat of the boom electric cylinder, the bucket cylinder bracket is rotatably connected to the front ear seat of the bucket electric cylinder, and the hinged plate bracket is rotatably connected to the rear ear seat of the steering electric cylinder.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The structures of the first side bracket and the second side bracket are consistent, and both include a first vertical plate and a second vertical plate arranged opposite to each other, a box-type structure is connected between the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate, opposite upper ear plates are connected to the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate above the box-type structure, and the upper ear plates are connected to the box-type structure, and the opposite upper ear plates are rotatably connected to the working connecting rod system, the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate below the box-type structure are connected to opposite lower ear plates, and the lower ear plates are connected to the box-type structure, and the opposite lower ear plates are rotatably connected to the front ear seat of the boom electric cylinder, and the rear ear seat of the boom electric cylinder is rotatably connected to the working connecting rod system.

4. The system according to claim 2, wherein: The bucket cylinder bracket includes a third vertical plate, which is connected between the upper end of the first side bracket and the upper end of the second side bracket. The third vertical plate is connected to the bucket plate, and the relative bucket ear plate is connected to the bucket plate. The bucket ear plate is rotatably connected to the front ear seat of the bucket electric cylinder, and the rear ear seat of the bucket electric cylinder is rotatably connected to the working connecting rod system. The connection between the bucket plate and the bucket ear plate is also connected to the bucket bracket. The bucket bracket, the bucket plate and the bucket ear plate form a box-type structure.

5. The system according to claim 3, wherein: The articulated plate bracket includes a fourth vertical plate, which is connected to the inner side of the second vertical plate of the first side bracket after being bent. The fourth vertical plate and the second vertical plate of the first side bracket form a box-type structure. The fourth vertical plate is connected to the front steering ear plate, which is rotatably connected to the rear ear seat of the steering electric cylinder. The front ear seat of the steering electric cylinder is rotatably connected to the rear steering ear plate of the rear frame. The connection between the fourth vertical plate and the second vertical plate of the first side bracket is also connected to the front steering bracket, which is rotatably connected to the rear frame.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The rear steering ear plate of the rear frame is connected to the fifth vertical plate, which is a vertical plate bent in the vertical direction. The connection between the rear steering ear plate and the fifth vertical plate is also connected to the ear plate bracket and the rear steering bracket. The rear steering bracket is rotatably connected to the front steering bracket. The fifth vertical plate, the rear steering ear plate and the ear plate bracket form a box-type structure.

7. An electric driving method, characterized in that: The system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used for driving, and the driving method includes: In response to receiving an operation signal sent by the operating mechanism, analyzing the operation signal; If the signal obtained by analysis is a walking signal, the walking signal is sent to the first controller to control the walking motor; If the signal obtained by analysis is a tipping bucket signal, the tipping bucket signal is sent to the second controller to control the tipping bucket electric cylinder; If the signal obtained by the analysis is a steering signal, the steering signal is sent to the second controller to control the steering electric cylinder; If the signal obtained through analysis is a boom signal, the boom signal is sent to a third controller to control the boom electric cylinder.

8. An electric loader, characterized in that: A system comprising any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The electric loader according to claim 8, characterized in that The vehicle also includes a cooling system disposed on the vehicle frame, the cooling system including a radiator, a first water pump, a second water pump, a cooling channel in a first controller, a cooling channel in a travel motor, a cooling channel in a second controller, a cooling channel in a dump electric cylinder, a cooling channel in a steering electric cylinder, a cooling channel in a third controller, and a cooling channel in a boom electric cylinder; The output end of the first cooling channel in the radiator is connected to the first water pump and the cooling channel in the third controller in sequence. The output end of the cooling channel in the third controller is connected to the input end of the first cooling channel in the radiator through the cooling channel in the boom electric cylinder and the cooling channel in the dump bucket electric cylinder respectively. The output end and input end of the second cooling channel in the radiator are sequentially connected to the cooling channel in the first controller, the second water pump, the cooling channel in the second controller, the cooling channel in the travel motor, and the cooling channel in the steering electric cylinder.

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