Axisymmetric space structure construction method and lifting equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and discloses an axisymmetric space structure construction method and lifting equipment. The axial symmetry space structure comprises a plurality of annular frames, the lifting equipment comprises a support and a plurality of lifting units arranged on the support, and the lifting units correspond to the annular frames one to one. The construction method of the axisymmetric space structure comprises the following steps that a support is erected on the ground corresponding to the axis of the axisymmetric space structure; a plurality of annular frames are sequentially installed from inside to outside according to a preset method, and the installed annular frames are controlled to be lifted all the time; the lifting unit is separated from the annular frame. The preset method comprises the steps that a to-be-installed annular frame is connected with a corresponding lifting unit, and the corresponding lifting unit is controlled to lift the to-be-installed annular frame; and connecting the to-be-mounted annular frame with the adjacent annular frame. According to the axisymmetric space structure construction method, the construction period is shortened, the construction cost and difficulty are reduced, and the aloft work amount is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to an axisymmetric space structure construction method and lifting equipment. Background Art

[0002] Spatial structural systems are the core technical solution for achieving large-span spatial coverage in modern construction projects. Through scientifically optimized geometric design and efficient material mechanics distribution, they perfectly blend structural performance and architectural aesthetics. As typical representatives of three-dimensional load-bearing systems, spatial structures such as grid structures, lattice shell structures, and truss structures, with their excellent stiffness, light weight, and flexible layout, are ideal for large-span buildings such as stadiums and transportation hubs. More notably, this system utilizes modular prefabricated components, which not only achieves industrialized standard production but also significantly improves on-site assembly efficiency.

[0003] Taking the construction of multi-layer lattice shell structures as an example, currently, methods commonly used in engineering practice include high-altitude bulk installation, block installation, and overall lifting. However, most of these construction methods require the erection of large-scale full-height scaffolding systems or the installation of temporary support structures to secure each layer of the lattice shell after it is hoisted into place. After construction is completed, the full-height scaffolding systems and temporary support structures must be dismantled. This not only significantly prolongs the overall construction period of the multi-layer lattice shell structure and increases the construction cost of the multi-layer lattice shell structure, but also requires workers to perform complex high-altitude operations on these support structures, increasing the safety risk factor of the operation and the difficulty of construction quality control.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an axisymmetric spatial structure construction method and lifting equipment to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an axisymmetric spatial structure construction method and lifting equipment, which shortens the construction period, reduces the construction cost and difficulty, reduces the workload of high-altitude operations, and improves the construction quality.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In one aspect, a method for constructing an axisymmetric spatial structure is provided. The axisymmetric spatial structure includes a plurality of annular frames arranged sequentially from the inside out. The axisymmetric spatial structure is constructed using a lifting device. The lifting device includes a bracket and a plurality of lifting units disposed on the bracket. The plurality of lifting units can correspond one-to-one to the plurality of annular frames, and the lifting units extend along the circumference of the bracket.

[0008] The construction method of the axisymmetric spatial structure includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. Set up a support on the ground so that the central axis of the support is coaxial with the axis of the axisymmetric spatial structure;

[0010] S2. Connect the innermost ring frame to the corresponding lifting unit, and control the corresponding lifting unit to lift the innermost ring frame;

[0011] S3. Installing several ring racks except the innermost ring rack in sequence from inside to outside according to a preset method, and controlling the installed ring racks to be always lifted by the corresponding lifting units;

[0012] The preset methods include:

[0013] S31, connecting the ring frame to be installed to the corresponding lifting unit, and controlling the corresponding lifting unit to lift the ring frame to be installed;

[0014] S32, connecting the ring rack to be installed with the adjacent ring rack;

[0015] S4. After the installation of the multiple ring frames is completed, the multiple lifting units are separated from the corresponding ring frames.

[0016] Optionally, the annular frame includes a plurality of unit frames continuously arranged along its circumference, and the number of the unit frames is an even number; the lifting unit includes a plurality of lifting assemblies spaced apart along its extension direction, and the number of the unit frames of each annular frame is the same as the number of lifting assemblies of the corresponding lifting unit;

[0017] Step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0018] S21, connecting multiple unit frames of the innermost ring frame around the bracket;

[0019] S22, connecting the plurality of lifting assemblies of the lifting units corresponding to the innermost annular frame to the plurality of unit frames of the innermost layer in a one-to-one correspondence;

[0020] S23, controlling the corresponding multiple lifting components to simultaneously lift the multiple unit racks in the innermost layer;

[0021] Step S31 specifically includes the following steps:

[0022] S311, selecting two unit racks to be installed on the annular rack, and the two selected unit racks are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the axisymmetric spatial structure;

[0023] S312, moving the two selected unit racks to the periphery of the installed ring rack, and connecting the two lifting assemblies of the lifting unit corresponding to the ring rack to be installed to the two selected unit racks in a one-to-one correspondence;

[0024] S313, repeating steps S311 and S312 until all the unit frames of the ring frame to be installed are connected to the lifting unit;

[0025] S314, controlling the multiple lifting components of the corresponding lifting unit to simultaneously lift the unit frame connected thereto.

[0026] Optionally, the lifting assembly includes a plurality of inclined cables, and the unit frame is provided with a plurality of connection points spaced apart along the width direction thereof;

[0027] In step S22 and step S312 , the stay cable is connected to a connection point on the unit frame to be installed, until all the connection points on the unit frame to be installed are connected to the stay cable.

[0028] Optionally, a plurality of lifting units are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction, the lifting units include a plurality of lifting components and a movable seat movably provided on the bracket along the vertical direction, and the lifting components are connected to the movable seat;

[0029] In step S2 and step S31, a plurality of lifting assemblies are connected to the annular frame to be installed; then, the movable base is driven to move upward, and the movable base drives the annular frame to be installed to move upward through the lifting assemblies.

[0030] Optionally, step S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0031] S41. Construct a load-bearing structure on the ground, and connect the top of the load-bearing structure to the outermost ring frame;

[0032] S42, controlling the lifting forces of the multiple lifting units on the corresponding annular racks to simultaneously reduce a preset value and maintain the force for a preset time; wherein the preset value is less than the lifting force of the lifting units on the annular racks after the annular racks are installed;

[0033] S43, repeating step S42 until the lifting forces of the multiple lifting units are reduced to zero;

[0034] S44. Separate the lifting unit from the corresponding ring frame and remove the bracket from the ground.

[0035] Optionally, after step S2 and before step S3, and after step S31 and before step S32, the following steps are included: connecting one end of the guy rope to the installed ring frame, and anchoring the other end of the guy rope to the ground;

[0036] In step S31 , after the ring frame to be installed is connected to the corresponding lifting unit and before the ring frame to be installed is lifted, the guy rope connected to the installed ring frame is removed.

[0037] Optionally, the axisymmetric spatial structure further includes a sealing layer located in the inner hole of the innermost annular frame, and the following steps are further included after step S4:

[0038] S5. Use a lifting device to lift the sealing layer to the inner hole of the innermost annular frame, and connect the sealing layer to the innermost annular frame.

[0039] In another aspect, a lifting device is provided, which is applicable to the above-mentioned axisymmetric spatial structure construction method, and the lifting device comprises:

[0040] A bracket extending in a vertical direction and having an adjustable extension length;

[0041] Multiple lifting units extend along the circumference of the bracket and are movably arranged on the bracket along the axial direction of the bracket. One end of the multiple lifting units are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the bracket, and the other ends of the multiple lifting units can be connected to the multiple annular frames in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0042] Optionally, the lifting equipment also includes a lifting assembly, the lifting assembly includes two lifting arms rotatably arranged on the top of the bracket, the two lifting arms are arranged symmetrically about the axis of the bracket, the bracket includes a base and a plurality of base sections detachably arranged on the top of the base, any two adjacent base sections are detachably connected, and the lifting arms are configured as lifting base sections.

[0043] Optionally, multiple brackets are provided, and the hanging assembly can be selectively installed on the top of any bracket and detachably connected to the bracket.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] The present invention provides a method and lifting equipment for constructing an axisymmetric spatial structure. The lifting unit extends along the circumference of the bracket. When the bracket is installed on the ground and is coaxial with the axis of the axisymmetric spatial structure, the lifting unit can be connected to the corresponding annular frame at various locations along its circumference, so that the annular frame can be lifted as a whole after being assembled on the ground. This significantly reduces the workload of high-altitude operations, improves construction safety, and helps to reduce the difficulty of construction and improve the quality of axisymmetric spatial structure construction. During the installation process, the lifting unit can be connected to the corresponding annular frame and lift the corresponding annular frame to the position to be installed. After the annular frame is lifted and installed, the lifting unit is controlled to continue lifting it so that the installed annular frame can be stably maintained in the current position until multiple annular frames are installed. Thus, temporary support of the annular frame can be achieved using only the lifting unit, without the need to set up a full-floor scaffolding or temporary support structure, effectively shortening the overall construction period of the axisymmetric spatial structure and reducing the construction cost of the axisymmetric spatial structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 A first flow chart of the axisymmetric spatial structure construction method provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 A second flow chart of the axisymmetric spatial structure construction method provided by the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an axisymmetric space structure to which the axisymmetric space structure construction method provided by the present invention is applicable;

[0049] Figure 4 A first elevational schematic diagram of the lifting device provided by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5A A plan view of the process of assembling the innermost ring frame in the axisymmetric spatial structure construction method provided by the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5B This is a schematic elevation diagram of the innermost ring frame after being assembled using the axisymmetric spatial structure construction method provided by the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5C This is a schematic elevation diagram of the axisymmetric spatial structure construction method provided by the present invention after the innermost ring frame is connected to the lifting unit;

[0053] Figure 5D This is a schematic elevation diagram of the axisymmetric spatial structure construction method provided by the present invention after the innermost ring frame is installed;

[0054] Figure 6A A plan view of the process of assembling the secondary inner ring frame according to the axisymmetric spatial structure construction method provided by the present invention;

[0055] Figure 6B This is a schematic elevation diagram of the axisymmetric spatial structure construction method provided by the present invention after the sub-inner ring frame is assembled;

[0056] Figure 6C This is a schematic elevation diagram of the axisymmetric spatial structure construction method provided by the present invention after the sub-inner ring frame is connected to the lifting unit;

[0057] Figure 6D This is a schematic elevation diagram of the axisymmetric space structure construction method provided by the present invention after the secondary inner ring frame is installed;

[0058] Figure 7A This is a schematic elevation diagram of the load-bearing structure after the axisymmetric spatial structure construction method provided by the present invention is constructed;

[0059] Figure 7B This is a schematic elevation diagram of the axisymmetric spatial structure construction method provided by the present invention when reducing the lifting force of the lifting unit;

[0060] Figure 8 This is a schematic elevation diagram of the axisymmetric spatial structure construction method provided by the present invention after the lifting equipment is dismantled;

[0061] Figure 9A This is a schematic elevation diagram of the installation of a sealing layer using the axisymmetric spatial structure construction method provided by the present invention;

[0062] Figure 9B This is a schematic elevation diagram of the axisymmetric spatial structure construction method provided by the present invention after the sealing layer is installed;

[0063] Figure 10 This is a schematic elevation diagram of the axisymmetric space structure after installation using the axisymmetric space structure construction method provided by the present invention;

[0064] Figure 11 A second elevational schematic diagram of the lifting device provided by the present invention;

[0065] Figure 12 A third elevational schematic diagram of the lifting device provided by the present invention;

[0066] Figure 13 A first process diagram for installing the lifting device provided by the present invention;

[0067] Figure 14 A second process diagram for installing the lifting device provided by the present invention;

[0068] Figure 15 This is a schematic elevation view of a symmetrical spatial structure of multiple brackets lifting the lifting equipment provided by the present invention.

[0069] In the picture:

[0070] 100. Axisymmetrical spatial structure; 101. Ring frame; 1011. Unit frame; 102. Sealing layer;

[0071] 200, temporary cradle; 300, guy rope; 400, load-bearing structure; 500, lifting equipment;

[0072] 1. Bracket; 11. Base; 12. Foundation section; 13. Diagonal brace;

[0073] 2. Lifting unit; 21. Lifting assembly; 211. Stay cable; 22. Moving seat; 221. Steel strand;

[0074] 3. Lifting assembly; 31. Lifting arm; 32. Lifting rope; 33. Connecting arm; 34. Rotating platform; 35. Reaction frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It will be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all structures.

[0076] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific circumstances.

[0077] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0078] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely for ease of description and simplified operation. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive purposes and have no special meanings.

[0079] Example 1

[0080] like Figures 1 to 15 As shown, this embodiment provides an axisymmetric spatial structure construction method, which shortens the construction period, reduces the construction cost and difficulty, reduces the workload of high-altitude operations, and improves the construction quality.

[0081] See Figure 3 and Figure 4The axially symmetrical space structure 100 includes a plurality of annular frames 101 arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. The axially symmetrical space structure 100 is constructed using lifting equipment. The lifting equipment includes a bracket 1 and a plurality of lifting units 2 arranged on the bracket 1. The plurality of lifting units 2 can correspond one-to-one to the plurality of annular frames 101, and the lifting units 2 extend along the circumference of the bracket 1.

[0082] See Figure 1 , the axisymmetric spatial structure construction method comprises the following steps:

[0083] S1. Setting up a support 1 on the ground so that the central axis of the support 1 is coaxial with the axis of the axisymmetric spatial structure 100;

[0084] S2, connecting the innermost ring frame 101 to the corresponding lifting unit 2, and controlling the corresponding lifting unit 2 to lift the innermost ring frame 101;

[0085] S3. Installing a plurality of annular racks 101 except the innermost annular rack 101 in sequence from the inside out according to a preset method, and controlling the installed annular racks 101 to be always lifted by the corresponding lifting units 2;

[0086] The preset methods include:

[0087] S31, connecting the annular frame 101 to be installed to the corresponding lifting unit 2, and controlling the corresponding lifting unit 2 to lift the annular frame 101 to be installed;

[0088] S32, connecting the annular frame 101 to be installed with the adjacent annular frame 101, so that the two adjacent annular frames 101 form a whole;

[0089] S4 , after the installation of the plurality of annular frames 101 is completed, the plurality of lifting units 2 are separated from the corresponding annular frames 101 .

[0090] In the axisymmetric spatial structure construction method provided in this embodiment, the lifting unit 2 extends along the circumference of the support 1. When the support 1 is installed on the ground and coaxial with the axis of the axisymmetric spatial structure 100, the lifting unit 2 can connect with the corresponding annular frame 101 at various locations along its circumference, so that the annular frame 101 can be lifted as a whole after being assembled on the ground. This significantly reduces the workload of high-altitude work, improves construction safety, and helps to reduce construction difficulty, thereby improving the quality of the axisymmetric spatial structure 100. During the installation process, the lifting unit 2 can connect with the corresponding annular frame 101 and lift the corresponding annular frame 101 to the installation position. After the annular frame 101 is lifted and installed, the lifting unit 2 is controlled to continue lifting it, so that the installed annular frame 101 can be stably maintained in its current position until all annular frames 101 are installed. Thus, the lifting unit 2 alone can achieve temporary support for the annular frame 101, eliminating the need for erecting a full-scale scaffolding or temporary support structure, effectively shortening the overall construction period of the axisymmetric spatial structure 100 and reducing the construction cost of the axisymmetric spatial structure 101.

[0091] Illustratively, the axisymmetric space structure 100 constructed in this embodiment is a circular lattice shell structure.

[0092] Specifically, step S1 specifically includes the following steps: laying out a line on the ground to determine the center point of the axisymmetric space structure 100; then, setting up a support 1 at the center point of the axisymmetric space structure 100.

[0093] In this embodiment, the height of each ring frame 101 after lifting is accurately determined based on previous simulation calculations.

[0094] Optionally, see Figure 5A and Figure 5C The annular frame 101 includes a plurality of unit frames 1011 arranged continuously along its circumference, and the number of the unit frames 1011 is an even number. The lifting unit 2 includes a plurality of lifting components 21 arranged at intervals along its extension direction, and the number of the unit frames 1011 of each annular frame 101 is the same as the number of the lifting components 21 of the corresponding lifting unit 2.

[0095] See Figure 5A 、 Figure 5B and Figure 5C , step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0096] S21, connecting multiple unit frames 1011 of the innermost annular frame 101 around the bracket 1 so that the bracket 1 can be located in the inner hole of the innermost annular frame 101;

[0097] S22, connecting the multiple lifting assemblies 21 of the lifting units 2 corresponding to the innermost annular frame 101 to the multiple unit frames 1011 of the innermost layer in a one-to-one correspondence, so that the innermost annular frame 101 can be lifted at any position along its circumference, which helps to ensure stability during the lifting process;

[0098] S23 , controlling the corresponding multiple lifting assemblies 21 to simultaneously lift the multiple unit frames 1011 in the innermost layer.

[0099] See Figure 6A 、 Figure 6B and Figure 6C Step S31 specifically includes the following steps:

[0100] S311, selecting two unit racks 1011 to be installed on the annular rack 101, and the selected two unit racks 1011 are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the axisymmetric spatial structure;

[0101] S312, moving the two selected unit frames 1011 to the periphery of the installed annular frame 101, and connecting the two lifting assemblies 21 of the lifting unit 2 corresponding to the annular frame 101 to be installed to the two selected unit frames 1011 in a one-to-one correspondence;

[0102] S313, repeating steps S311 and S312 until all the unit frames 1011 of the annular frame 101 to be installed are connected to the lifting unit 2;

[0103] S314 , controlling the multiple lifting components 21 of the corresponding lifting unit 2 to simultaneously lift the unit frame 1011 connected thereto.

[0104] The innermost annular frame 101 is relatively small, and after it is assembled on the ground, it can be temporarily supported by the temporary cradle 200. Therefore, in step S2, the innermost annular frame 101 can be connected to the lifting unit 2 after it is fully assembled. The structures of the annular frames 101 other than the innermost annular frame 101 are increasingly large, and the already installed annular frames 101 will hinder the installation of the temporary cradle 200. Therefore, in step S31, each unit frame 1011 must be moved to the surroundings of the already installed annular frame 101 before being temporarily supported by the corresponding lifting assembly 21.

[0105] For example, see Figure 5A and Figure 6AThe ring frame 101 has a circular cross-section and consists of eight unit frames 1011. Each unit frame 1011 has the same cross-sectional area, and the eight unit frames 1011 are aligned with each other about the axis of the axisymmetric spatial structure, ensuring that the center of gravity of the ring frame 101 always coincides with the center of the support 1. During construction, each unit frame 1011 is first assembled outside the construction site. Subsequently, a large crawler crane or hydraulic modular vehicle is used to transport each unit frame 1011 to the construction site in batches. Finally, each unit frame 1011 is assembled and closed.

[0106] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 5D and Figure 6D The lifting assembly 21 includes multiple inclined cables 211. The unit frame 1011 is provided with multiple connection points spaced apart along its width. In steps S22 and S312, the inclined cables 211 are connected to a connection point on the unit frame 1011 to be installed, and this connection continues until all connection points on the unit frame 1011 to be installed are connected to the inclined cables 211. This operation ensures that any portion along the width of the annular frame 101 can receive the lifting force of the lifting unit 2, further improving the stability of the annular frame 101 during the lifting process.

[0107] For example, see Figure 5D and Figure 6D The annular frame 101 includes eight unit frames 1011, and three connection points are set on the unit frames 1011. The three connection points are respectively located at the inner edge, the middle position and the outer edge of the unit frames 1011. The lifting assembly 21 includes three inclined cables 211, and the three inclined cables 211 are connected to the three connection points one by one to ensure the uniformity of the force on the unit frames 1011 during the lifting process.

[0108] Optionally, see Figure 4 、 Figure 5D and Figure 6D A plurality of lifting units 2 are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction. The lifting units 2 include a plurality of lifting assemblies 21 and a movable base 22 movably disposed on the bracket 1 along the vertical direction. The lifting assemblies 21 are connected to the movable base 22. In steps S2 and S31, the plurality of lifting assemblies 21 are connected to the annular frame 101 to be installed. Subsequently, the movable base 22 is driven to move upward, and the movable base 22 drives the annular frame 101 to be installed upward through the lifting assemblies 21, thereby lifting the annular frame 101 to be installed. Moreover, in step S3, the movable base 22 is controlled to remain stationary so that the installed annular frame 101 can be lifted and held in its current position by the lifting unit 2. The operation is convenient and quick.

[0109] See Figure 5D and Figure 6DDuring the lifting process, one end of the inclined cable 211 is connected to the corresponding moving seat 22, and the other end is connected to the annular frame 101. In this embodiment, in step S2, the lowest moving seat 22 is connected to the innermost annular frame 101 through the corresponding multiple inclined cables 211. In step S3, when several annular frames 101 are installed in sequence from the inside to the outside according to the preset method, the second lowest moving seat 22 is connected to the second innermost annular frame 101 through the corresponding multiple inclined cables 211, and the second lowest moving seat 22 is connected to the second innermost annular frame 101 through the corresponding multiple inclined cables 211, and steps S31 and S32 are performed in this way to prevent the inclined cables 211 connected to the installed annular frame 101 from affecting the movement of the inclined cables 211 connected to the annular frame 101 to be installed during the lifting process.

[0110] In this embodiment, step S2 and step S31 both include the following steps: connecting the inclined cable 211 to the annular frame 101 to be installed, and the inclined cable 211 is in a relaxed state; controlling the movable seat 22 to move upward until the tension of the inclined cable 211 on the annular frame 101 reaches 90% of the tension value set for lifting the annular frame 101, and the inclined cable 211 is tensioned; controlling the movable seat 22 to move upward until the tension of the inclined cable 211 on the annular frame 101 reaches the tension value set for lifting the annular frame 101, at which time the gravity of the annular frame 101 is fully applied to the lifting unit 2; removing the temporary tire frame 200; controlling the movable seat 22 to move upward, and the annular frame 101 is lifted.

[0111] During steps S2 and S31, while controlling the upward movement of the mobile base 22 to lift the annular frame 101, the deformation of the annular frame 101 is monitored in real time using equipment such as a total station and stress monitoring equipment. The tension applied by the stay cables 211 to the annular frame 101 is adjusted in real time based on the monitoring results. Specifically, at the critical point where the annular frame 101 is about to separate from the temporary cradle 200, the monitoring scheme determined by the previous simulation is used to monitor the structural feature points, peripheral displacement-sensitive areas, and locations where internal forces are concentrated to obtain structural deformation data and deflection parameters of the annular frame 101. Simultaneously, the stress monitoring equipment tracks the changes in the internal forces of the annular frame 101 in real time. If the deviation in the monitored data exceeds the set warning value, the stay cables 211 at the corresponding locations are immediately tensioned and adjusted to calibrate the initial shape of the annular frame 101. Subsequently, during the upward movement of the mobile base 22, the dimensional parameters of the annular frame 101, such as diameter and sagitta, are monitored in real time throughout the entire process, and the monitored values are compared with the theoretical design values in real time. When there is a deviation between the monitored value and the theoretical setting value and exceeds the set warning value, the inclined cable 211 at the corresponding position is immediately tensioned and adjusted to accurately calibrate the high-altitude shape of the ring frame 101 to ensure the stability of the ring frame 101 structure.

[0112] Optionally, see Figure 5Dand Figure 6D After step S2 and before step S3, and after step S31 and before step S32, the following steps are included: one end of the guy rope 300 is connected to the installed ring frame 101, and the other end of the guy rope 300 is anchored to the ground; in step S31, after the ring frame 101 to be installed is connected to the corresponding lifting unit 2 and before the ring frame 101 to be installed is lifted, the guy rope 300 connected to the installed ring frame 101 is removed. The guy rope 300 can cooperate with the lifting unit 2 to form a temporary support system for the ring frame 101, further restricting the movement of the ring frame 101 and ensuring the safety of the ring frame 101 during the high-altitude storage stage.

[0113] Optionally, see Figure 7A and Figure 7B , step S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0114] S41, constructing a load-bearing structure 400 on the ground, and connecting the top of the load-bearing structure 400 to the outermost ring frame 101 to provide a reliable support foundation for the subsequent transfer of the load of the ring frame 101;

[0115] S42, controlling the lifting forces of the plurality of lifting units 2 on the corresponding annular racks 101 to simultaneously reduce a preset value and maintain the force for a preset time; wherein the preset value is less than the lifting force of the lifting units 2 on the annular rack 101 after the annular rack 101 is installed.

[0116] Specifically, in step S42, the plurality of movable seats 22 are controlled to move downward 1 cm at a time, so that the pulling force of the inclined cable 211 is reduced by a preset value and maintained for a preset time of 10 minutes.

[0117] S43: Repeat step S42 until the lifting forces of the multiple lifting units 2 are reduced to zero and the loads of the multiple ring frames 101 are all transferred to the load-bearing structure 400. This operation can achieve graded unloading of the ring frames 101, helping to avoid damage to the ring frames 101 caused by excessive reduction in lifting forces.

[0118] S44: Separate the lifting unit 2 from the corresponding annular frame 101 and remove the bracket 1 from the ground.

[0119] Specifically, after all the loads of the annular frame 101 are transferred to the load-bearing structure 400, the quality of the axisymmetric space structure 100 is inspected and accepted; after the inspection and acceptance, the inclined cables 211 are separated from the annular frame 101; then, the bracket 1 is dismantled in sections from top to bottom.

[0120] For example, the load-bearing structure 400 adopts a load-bearing wall. During the construction process, the verticality and flatness of the load-bearing wall must be strictly controlled to ensure that it has sufficient bearing capacity and stability, providing a reliable support foundation for the transfer of the load of the annular frame 101.

[0121] Optionally, see Figure 8 、 Figure 9A and Figure 9B The axially symmetrical spatial structure also includes a sealing layer 102 located in the inner hole of the innermost annular frame 101. After step S4, the following steps are also included: S5, using the pulling equipment 500 to lift the sealing layer 102 to the inner hole of the innermost annular frame 101, and connect the sealing layer 102 to the innermost annular frame 101 to complete the complete closure of the axially symmetrical spatial structure.

[0122] Exemplarily, the pulling device 500 uses a through-hole jack, which is arranged on the innermost annular frame 101 .

[0123] Example 2

[0124] like Figures 3 to 15 As shown, this embodiment provides a lifting device applicable to the axisymmetric spatial structure construction method of Example 1. The lifting device includes a bracket 1 and multiple lifting units 2. The bracket 1 extends in a vertical direction and its extension length is adjustable. The lifting units 2 extend along the circumference of the bracket 1 and are movably arranged on the bracket 1 along the axial direction of the bracket 1. One end of the multiple lifting units 2 is arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the bracket 1, and the other ends of the multiple lifting units 2 can be connected to multiple annular frames 101 in a one-to-one correspondence. The adjustable extension length of the bracket 1 makes the bracket 1 suitable for the installation of axisymmetric spatial structures 100 of different heights.

[0125] In this embodiment, the lifting unit 2 includes a movable seat 22 and multiple lifting components 21. The movable seat 22 is movably arranged on the bracket 1 along the axial direction of the bracket 1. One end of the multiple lifting components 21 is connected to the movable seat 22, and the other end of the multiple lifting components 21 can be connected one-to-one with the multiple unit frames 1011 of the annular frame 101.

[0126] Specifically, a plurality of connection points are provided on the unit frame 1011 , and the lifting assembly 21 includes a plurality of inclined cables 211 , and the inclined cables 211 can be connected to the plurality of connection points in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0127] Exemplarily, the movable seat 22 is a sliding sleeve, which is sleeved on the bracket 1 and slides with the bracket 1 .

[0128] Optionally, see Figure 3 and Figure 4The lifting device also includes a lifting assembly 3, which includes two lifting arms 31 rotatably arranged on the top of the bracket 1. The two lifting arms 31 are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the bracket 1. The bracket 1 includes a base 11 and a plurality of base sections 12 detachably arranged on the top of the base 11. Any two adjacent base sections 12 are detachably connected, and the lifting arms 31 are configured to lift the base sections 12. The lifting arms 31 can be used to lift the unmounted base sections 12 onto the base 11 or to lift them onto the top of the base sections 12 already mounted on the base 11, so as to adjust the height of the bracket 1. There are two lifting arms 31 symmetrically arranged. During the process of adjusting the height of the bracket 1, both lifting arms 31 can lift the base sections 12, so that the self-balancing of the lifting process can be achieved using only two lifting arms 31. Compared with the prior art, the uniformity of the force applied to the lifting assembly 3 can be ensured without setting other counterweights, which helps to improve the efficiency of erecting the bracket 1. Furthermore, the hoisting arm 31 is rotatable, allowing it to adaptively adjust its angle relative to the support 1 according to different construction conditions to meet the load requirements of different construction stages. For example, when hoisting the ring frame 101, the hoisting arm 31 is parallel to the support 1; when erecting the support 1, the hoisting arm 31 is perpendicular to the support 1.

[0129] Exemplarily, the angle between the hanging arm 31 and the bracket 1 ranges from 0° to 90°.

[0130] Specifically, see Figure 4 and Figure 12 The hoisting assembly 3 further includes a hoisting cable 32 and a connecting arm 33 located between the two hoisting arms 31. The hoisting cable 32 extends from one hoisting arm 31 to the connecting arm 33, and then extends from the connecting arm 33 to the other hoisting arm 31. During the hoisting process, base sections 12 are installed at both ends of the hoisting cable 32, thereby achieving self-balancing hoisting between the two hoisting arms 31.

[0131] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 3 The bracket 1 also includes a plurality of diagonal bracing members 13, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the bracket 1. One end of the diagonal bracing member 13 is connected to the base 11, and the other end can be connected to the ground, which can improve the firmness of the bracket 1 installed on the ground.

[0132] Specifically, see Figure 3 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12The hoisting assembly 3 also includes a slewing platform 34 and a reaction frame 35 provided on the slewing platform 34, and the hoisting arm 31 is provided on the reaction frame 35. When erecting the support 1, first install the base 11 to the ground; then, connect the diagonal brace 13 to the ground and the base 11; next, install the slewing platform 34, the reaction frame 35 and the hoisting assembly 3 to the top of the base 11; finally, control the two hoisting arms 31 to hoist a base section 12 each, and control the two hoisting arms 31 to hoist the hoisted base sections 12 to the top of the base 11 or the top of the base section 12 already installed on the base 11 in sequence, and the height of the support 1 changes. Repeat this step until the height of the support 1 meets the design requirements.

[0133] For example, the slewing platform 34 and the reaction frame 35 both adopt existing structures, and the installation of the foundation section 12 on the base 11 is the same as the climbing method of the tower crane, which will not be described in detail here.

[0134] Exemplarily, a through-hole jack is provided on the top of the reaction frame 35, and the lifting unit 2 also includes a steel strand 221, one end of the steel strand 221 is connected to the through-hole jack, and the other end is passed through multiple movable seats 22. The through-hole jack can drive the movable seat 22 to move up and down through the steel strand 221.

[0135] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 14 and Figure 15 The bracket 1 is provided with multiple lifting assemblies 3, which can be selectively installed on the top of any bracket 1 and detachably connected to the bracket 1. This arrangement can increase the overall rigidity of the bracket 1, so that the lifting device can lift the axisymmetric space structure 100 with a larger structural size.

[0136] For example, see Figure 3 、 Figure 14 and Figure 15 Four brackets 1 are provided, forming a rectangle whose center coincides with the axis of the axisymmetric spatial structure 100. The four brackets 1 are located at the four corners of the rectangle, and the movable base 22 is mounted on the four brackets 1. When installing the lifting device, one bracket 1 is first erected, and the hoisting assembly 3 is mounted on it; then, the other three brackets 1 are erected using the hoisting assembly 3 on the already erected bracket 1.

[0137] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. A person skilled in the art would be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Axisymmetrical spatial structure construction method, characterized in that: An axisymmetric space structure (100) includes a plurality of annular frames (101) sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside. The axisymmetric space structure (100) is constructed using a lifting device. The lifting device includes a bracket (1) and a plurality of lifting units (2) arranged on the bracket (1). The plurality of lifting units (2) can correspond one-to-one to the plurality of annular frames (101). The lifting units (2) extend along the circumference of the bracket (1). The axisymmetric spatial structure construction method comprises the following steps: S1. Setting up the support (1) on the ground so that the central axis of the support (1) is coaxial with the axis of the axisymmetric spatial structure (100); S2, connecting the innermost annular frame (101) to the corresponding lifting unit (2), and controlling the corresponding lifting unit (2) to lift the innermost annular frame (101); S3, sequentially installing a plurality of the annular racks (101) except the innermost annular rack (101) in an order from inside to outside according to a preset method, and controlling the installed annular racks (101) to be always lifted by the corresponding lifting units (2); The preset method includes: S31, connecting the annular frame (101) to be installed with the corresponding lifting unit (2), and controlling the corresponding lifting unit (2) to lift the annular frame (101) to be installed; S32, connecting the annular frame (101) to be installed with the adjacent annular frame (101); S4: After the installation of the plurality of annular frames (101) is completed, the plurality of lifting units (2) are separated from the corresponding annular frames (101).

2. The axisymmetric spatial structure construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular frame (101) includes a plurality of unit frames (1011) arranged continuously along its circumference, and the number of the unit frames (1011) is an even number; the lifting unit (2) includes a plurality of lifting assemblies (21) arranged at intervals along its extension direction, and the number of the unit frames (1011) of each annular frame (101) is the same as the number of the lifting assemblies (21) of the corresponding lifting unit (2); Step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S21, connecting the plurality of unit frames (1011) of the innermost annular frame (101) around the bracket (1); S22, connecting the plurality of lifting assemblies (21) of the lifting unit (2) corresponding to the innermost annular frame (101) to the plurality of unit frames (1011) in a one-to-one correspondence; S23, controlling the corresponding plurality of lifting assemblies (21) to simultaneously lift the plurality of unit racks (1011) in the innermost layer; Step S31 specifically includes the following steps: S311, selecting two unit frames (1011) on which the annular frame (101) is to be installed, and the two selected unit frames (1011) are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the axisymmetric spatial structure (100); S312, moving the two selected unit frames (1011) to the periphery of the installed annular frame (101), and connecting the two lifting assemblies (21) of the lifting unit (2) corresponding to the annular frame (101) to be installed to the two selected unit frames (1011) in a one-to-one correspondence; S313, repeating steps S311 and S312 until all the unit frames (1011) of the annular frame (101) to be installed are connected to the lifting unit (2); S314, controlling the corresponding plurality of lifting assemblies (21) of the lifting unit (2) to simultaneously lift the unit frame (1011) connected thereto.

3. The method for constructing an axisymmetric spatial structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (21) includes a plurality of inclined cables (211), and the unit frame (1011) is provided with a plurality of connection points spaced apart along its width direction; In step S22 and step S312, the stay cable (211) is connected to one of the connection points on the unit frame (1011) to be installed, until all the connection points on the unit frame (1011) to be installed are connected to the stay cable (211).

4. The axisymmetric spatial structure construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the lifting units (2) are arranged at intervals in a vertical direction, and the lifting units (2) include a plurality of lifting components (21) and a movable seat (22) movably arranged on the bracket (1) in a vertical direction, and the lifting components (21) are connected to the movable seat (22); In step S2 and step S31, a plurality of the lifting assemblies (21) are connected to the annular frame (101) to be installed; then, the movable seat (22) is driven to move upward, and the movable seat (22) drives the annular frame (101) to be installed to move upward through the lifting assemblies (21).

5. The axisymmetric spatial structure construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S4 specifically includes the following steps: S41, constructing a load-bearing structure (400) on the ground, and connecting the top of the load-bearing structure (400) to the outermost annular frame (101); S42, controlling the lifting forces of the plurality of lifting units (2) on the corresponding annular frame (101) to simultaneously reduce a preset value and maintain the value for a preset time; wherein the preset value is less than the lifting force of the lifting unit (2) on the annular frame (101) after the annular frame (101) is installed; S43, repeating step S42 until the pulling forces of the plurality of lifting units (2) are reduced to zero; S44, separating the lifting unit (2) from the corresponding annular frame (101), and removing the bracket (1) from the ground.

6. The method for constructing an axisymmetric spatial structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: After step S2 and before step S3, and after step S31 and before step S32, the following steps are included: connecting one end of the guy rope (300) to the installed annular frame (101), and anchoring the other end of the guy rope (300) to the ground; In step S31, after the annular frame (101) to be installed is connected to the corresponding lifting unit (2), and before the annular frame (101) to be installed is lifted, the guy rope (300) connected to the installed annular frame (101) is removed.

7. The method for constructing an axisymmetric spatial structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The axisymmetric spatial structure (100) further comprises a sealing layer (102) located in the inner hole of the innermost annular frame (101), and the following steps are further included after step S4: S5. Using a lifting device (500), the sealing layer (102) is lifted to the inner hole of the innermost annular frame (101), and the sealing layer (102) is connected to the innermost annular frame (101).

8. Lifting equipment, characterized in that, Applicable to the axisymmetric spatial structure construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the lifting equipment comprises: A bracket (1) extends in a vertical direction and has an adjustable extension length; A plurality of lifting units (2) are provided, wherein the lifting units (2) extend along the circumference of the bracket (1) and are movably arranged on the bracket (1) along the axial direction of the bracket (1); one end of the plurality of lifting units (2) is arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the bracket (1); and the other end of the plurality of lifting units (2) can be connected to the plurality of annular frames (101) in a one-to-one correspondence.

9. The lifting device according to claim 8, characterized in that The lifting device further comprises a hoisting assembly (3), wherein the hoisting assembly (3) comprises two hoisting arms (31) rotatably arranged on the top of the bracket (1), wherein the two hoisting arms (31) are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the bracket (1), and the bracket (1) comprises a base (11) and a plurality of base sections (12) detachably arranged on the top of the base (11), wherein any two adjacent base sections (12) are detachably connected, and the hoisting arms (31) are configured to hoist the base sections (12).

10. The lifting device according to claim 9, characterized in that A plurality of the brackets (1) are provided, and the hanging assembly (3) can be selectively installed on the top of any one of the brackets (1) and can be detachably connected to the bracket (1).

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